DE19812669A1 - Aqueous shampoo with improved foamability and effectiveness - Google Patents

Abstract

A water-based, liquid hair washing shampoo contains an amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant, an optionally ethoxylated alkyl polyglucoside; and mono- and/oroligosaccharidee. A water-based, liquid hair washing shampoo contains: (a) 1-25 wt.% amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant; (b) 1-20 wt.% optionally ethoxylated alkyl polyglucoside of formula RO(CH2CH2O)n-Zx (I); and (c) 0.1-20 wt.% mono- and/or oligosaccharide; and optionally (d) 0.5-15% nonionic surfactant; and/or (e) 0.001-2.5% cationic and/or anionic direct hair dye: R = 8-20 C alkyl or alkenyl; Z = 5 or 6 C sugar residue; n = 0-10; and x = 1-5.

Description

The present invention relates to a shampoo having optimum properties. Conditioning shampoos have been known for years and have been on the market as very successful.

Such shampoos usually contain at least one surface-active substance, in particular an anionic surfactant, and a hair conditioning polymer, preferably a cationic one.

Although these products have proven themselves, there is still a need for Improvement of their effectiveness, especially in terms of volume, gloss, combability and feeling of the hair washed with it.

Moreover, from a shampoo a good foaming power and a high Foam volume expected. Finally, shampoos should also be extremely mild, d. h., one have complete skin and mucous membrane compatibility.

It has now been found that a shampoo receives that optimally he fills these requirements, if this shampoo on an aqueous basis, at least one amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant, at least one C ₈ -C ₂₀ -Alkylpolyglucosid and at least one mono- and / or oligosaccharide and optionally further nonionic surfactants.

This shampoo is also suitable as an ideal basis for the incorporation of direct anionic and cationic dyes through which then tinting shampoos make a stable, intense, permanent color on the hair.  

From US 4,364,837 aqueous shampoo preparations are already known, the 3 to 60 Wt .-% of an anionic surfactant, 0.1 to 30 wt .-% of a nonionic or cationic Hair conditioning substance and 15 to 70% of a water-miscible saccharide contain.

Optionally, these compositions may be amphoteric or zwitterionic Surfactants are added.

From EP 625 041 B1 aqueous body cleansing compositions are already known, the one Mixture of 0.5 to 35 wt .-% saponin (s), 0.1 to 35 wt .-% lecithin (s) and / or Oligopeptiden (s) and 0.1 to 20 wt .-% mono- and / or oligosaccharides. As surfactants, ampholytic and zwitterionic surfactants are preferred.

With these known mixtures can be with the inventive Achievements achievable properties, in particular the hair conditioning and softening effect, not achieve.

Moreover, a high concentration of sugar affects the additive and the Stability of various active substances in shampoos as well as the application technology Properties.

The compositions of the invention contain the amphoteric or zwitterionic Surfactants in an amount of 1 to 25, preferably about 2.5 to about 15 wt .-%, based on the overall composition.

As such amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants are in particular the various be have known betaines such as Fettsäureamidoalkylbetaine and sulfobetaines, such as lauryl hydroxysulfobetaine, to name; also long-chain alkyl amino acids such as cocoaminoacetate, Cocoaminopropionate and sodium cocoamphopropionate and acetate have been found to be suitable proved.  

In particular, Betaine's structure

wherein R is a C ₈ -C ₁₈ alkyl group and n is 1 to 3, sulfobetaines of the structure

wherein pure C ₈ -C ₁₈ alkyl group and n is 1 to 3, and amidoalkylbetaines of the structure

wherein pure C ₈ -C ₁₈ alkyl group and n is 1 to 3, can be used.

Particularly suitable are also commercial products such as "Tegobetaine®", Dehytone® such as AB 30, G and K, Lonzaine®, Varion® such as ADG and CAS, "Lexaine®", "Chembetaine®", "Mirataine®", "Rewoteric®", "Schercotaine®", "Monteine LCQ®, Alkateric®, Amonyl®, Amphosol®, Cycloteric BET®, Emcol®, Empigen®, "Mackam®", "Monateric®", "Unibetaine®" and "Velvetex®".

The second essential component of the shampoo according to the invention is at least one compound from the class of alkyl polyglucosides having the general formula

RO- (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n -Z _x ,

wherein R is an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, Z is a saccharide radical having 5 to 6 Carbon atoms, n is a number from 0 to 10 and x is a number between 1 and 5.

These alkylpolyglucosides have recently become particularly excellent as skin ver effective foam improvers in liquid laundry and body cleansers have become known and are in an amount of 1 to 20, especially 2.5 to 10 wt .-%, of Total composition included.

As mono- and / or oligosaccharides in the shampoos according to the invention preferably sucrose, glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, galactose, cellobiose, Fucose, mannose, erythrose, rhamnose, etc. used. It is expedient to use these sugars as mixtures, for example as constituents of Natural products, to use. A preferred natural product containing mono- and disaccharides is, for example, honey. Starch hydrolysates are also suitable.

The proportion in the total composition is between 0.1 and 20, in particular 0.25 and 10 wt .-% and refers in each case to the monosaccharide or oligosaccharide. Particularly preferred are 0.5 to 5 wt .-% of the total composition.  

Optional further nonionic surfactant ingredients, preferably in an amount of 0.1 to 15, in particular 1 to 10 wt .-%, for example, long-chain fatty acid mono- and dialkanolamides such as coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide and myristic fatty acid monoethanol amide, which can also be used as a foam enhancer.

Other additionally co-usable nonionic surfactants are, for. B. the different ones Sorbitan esters such as polyethylene glycol sorbitan stearic acid ester, fatty acid polyglycol ester or also mixed condensates of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, as described for example under Trade name "Pluronics" are in circulation.

Further surfactants which can additionally be used are amine oxides.

Such amine oxides have long been state of the art, for example C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alkyldimethylamine oxides such as lauryldimethylamine oxide, C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alkylamidopropyl or -ethylamine oxides, C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alkyldi (hydroxyethyl) - or - (hydroxypropyl) amine oxides , or amine oxides with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide groups in the alkyl chain.

Such amine oxides are known, for example, under the names "Ammonyx®", "Aromox®" or "Genaminox®" commercially.

As far as anionic surfactants can be included, their proportion is below 5 wt .-% of Total composition.

The shampoos of the invention may also contain conditioning agents such as Protein hydrolysates and polypeptides, e.g. B., keratin hydrolysates, collagen hydrolysates of the type "Nutrilan®" or Elastinhydrolysate and in particular also vegetable, if necessary cationized protein hydrolysates, e.g. B. "Gluadin®" included.

Other conditioning additives are hair conditioning polymers. these can nonionic polymers, preferably alcohol- and / or water-soluble vinylpyrrolidone Polymer such as a vinylpyrrolidone homopolymer or copolymer, in particular with Vinyl acetate, be.  

Suitable vinylpyrrolidone polymers are, for. B. under the trade name "Luviskol®" known products, for example the homopolymers "Luviskol® K 30, K 60 and K 90" and the water- or alcohol-soluble copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, sold under the trade name "Luviskol® VA 55 or VA 64" by BASF AG become.

Other suitable nonionic polymers are vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate / vinyl Propionate copolymers such as "Luviskol® VAP 343", vinylpyrrolidone / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymers and chitosan derivatives.

Their proportion in the shampoos according to the invention, if present, is between about 0.05 and about 5, preferably 0.1 and 2.5, in particular about 0.15 to 1.5 wt .-%, based on the total composition of the agent.

Instead of or in addition to the nonionic polymers may be used as hair condition cationic and / or anionic and / or amphoteric polymers in the used.

Preferred hair conditioning cationic polymers are the well-known quaternaries Cellulose derivatives of the type "Polymer JR" and quaternized homo- and copolymers of Dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, as sold under the trade name "Merquat®" are quaternary vinylpyrrolidone copolymers, especially with dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylates, as they are known under the name "Gafquat®", copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinylimidazolinium methochloride sold under the trade name "Luviquat®" are offered, polyamino-polyamide derivatives, for example copolymers of adipic acid dimethylaminohydroxypropyldiethylenetriamine, as sold under the name "Cartaretine® F "are distributed, as well as bisquaternary long-chain ammonium compounds of  U.S. Patent 4,157,388 discloses a urea structure sold under the trade name "Mirapol® A 15" are on the market.

Reference is made in this context to the in DE-OSs 25 21 960, 28 11 010, 30 44 738 and 32 17 059 mentioned cationic polymers and in the EP-A 337 354 on pages 3 to 7 described products. It can also mix ver various cationic polymers are used.

The cationic polymers include those in EP-A 524 612 and the EP-A 640 643 described quaternization of graft polymers of Organopolysiloxanes and Polyethyloxazolinen.

As amphoteric polymers, alone or in admixture with at least one other cationic, nonionic or anionic polymers are used, in particular special copolymers of N-octylacrylamide, (meth) acrylic acid and tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate type "Amphomer®"; Copolymers of methacryloylethylbetaine and Alkyl methacrylates of the type "Yukaformer®", z. B. the butyl methacrylate copolymers "Yukaformer® Am75"; Contain copolymers of carboxyl groups and sulfone groups the monomers, for. As (meth) acrylic acid and itaconic acid, with basic groups, in particular Amino groups, containing monomers such as mono- or dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylates or mono- or dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylamides; Copolymers of N-octylacrylamide, Methyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, N-tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate and Acrylic acid and the known from US-A 3,927,199 known copolymers.

Suitable anionic polymers are vinyl alkyl ether, in particular methyl vinyl ether / Maleic acid copolymers obtained by hydrolysis of vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copoly Meren and sold under the trade name "Gantrez® AN or ES"  become. These polymers may also be partially esterified, for example "Gantrez® ES 225", the ethyl ester of an ethyl vinyl ether / maleic acid copolymer, or the butyl or iso butyl ester of the same.

Other suitable anionic polymers are in particular vinyl acetate / crotonic acid or Vinyl acetate / vinyl neodecanoate / crotonic acid copolymers of the "Resyn®" type; sodium acrylate / vinyl alcohol copolymers of the type "Hydagen® F", sodium polystyrenesulfonate, e.g. B. "Flexan® 130"; Ethyl acrylate / acrylic acid / N-tert-butylacrylamide copolymers of the type "Ultrahold.RTM"; Vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate / itaconic acid copolymers, acrylic acid / acrylamide Copolymers or sodium salts thereof of the type "Reten®"; Etc.

The shampoos according to the invention may of course be all customary in such compositions contain substances used.

By way of example, complexing agents, dyes, preservatives, pH regulators, viscosity regulators such as inorganic salts, if they are not already present in the surfactant Starting mixtures are included, fragrances, pearlescing agents, thickening medium, humectants, vegetable and animal oils such as jojoba oil, etc. called.

A list of such additives can also be found in Schrader, Basics and Formulations of Cosmetics, 2nd ed. (1989), at pages 695 to 722.

Another preferred ingredient is ethoxy diglycol, preferably in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight of the shampoo according to the invention.  

Finally, also known polysiloxanes as conditioning agents in the he Be used according to the invention liquid shampoo. Theirs before zugter share is about between 0.5 and about 5, in particular 1 to 3 wt .-% of Total composition. Suitable are both volatile and semi-volatile cyclic or linear polysiloxanes, for example those under the trivial name "Dimethicone" or "Phenyldimethicone" and "Cyclomethicone" known silicone oils.

Also suitable, for example, are the silicone derivatives described in EP-A 398 177, which there in combination with alkyl polyglucosides in liquid detergent composition be used.

The shampoos according to the invention can, as stated at the outset, also dyes for di direct or oxidative coloring of hair, so-called Tönungs- or Coloring shampoos pose. These dyes are known and, for example, in the Standard work by K. Schrader.

The pH of the shampoos according to the invention is in the usual range between about 5 and 8.5; For special products it can also be set below 5.

The viscosity is in the usual range between about 1000 and about 10,000 mPa.s at 20 ° C, preferably about 2000 to about 6000, especially 2500 to 5000 mPa.s at 20 ° C, measured according to Brookfield or Hoppler at a shear stress of 10 sec ^-1 .

The following examples serve to illustrate the invention. The production of Products according to the invention are carried out by stirring the individual components together Water, although premixes of various ingredients can be used.

example 1 shampoo

(Wt .-%) cocoamidopropyl 5.2 C ₈ -C ₁₁ alkyl glucoside (PD: ~ 1.5) 5.0 sodium lauroyl 2.0 Cationic Polymer (Polyquaternium-7) 0.1 sodium benzoate 0.6 sodium sorbate 0.3 sucrose 0.5 peach oil 0.1 Perfume 0.7 PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil 0.5 Benzophenone-3 0.1 sodium chloride q.s. water ad 100.0

This shampoo was in the known half-page double blind trial with 10 subjects with compared to a shampoo containing no sucrose and instead 0.5% by weight more water contained (1 A).

Independent evaluation by two hairdressers of preference points for foam properties, wet and dry combability, suppleness and looseness of wet, washed hair and volume, softness and bounce of dry hair gave the following result:

This result shows the obvious superiority of the shampoo according to the invention.  

Example 2 Color Shine Shampoo

(Wt .-%) cocoamidopropyl 3.00 , sodium 2.50 C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl glucoside (PD: ~ 1.5) 5.10 Laureth-16 5.00 PEG-60 sorbitan triisostearate 1.30 PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate 1.00 sucrose 0.30 fructose 0.30 caprylic acid triglyceride 2.00 Benzophenone-3 0.10 Polyquaternium-24 0.25 Polyquaternium-6 0.20 sodium chloride 0.50 citric acid 0.55 sodium benzoate 0.50 Henna extract 0.01 Basic Red 76 0.05 HC Red 3 0.02 water ad 100.00

According to the method described in Example 1, a shampoo was accordingly Example 2 (Composition 2) and an identical composition 2 A, however neither sucrose nor fructose was compared.  

result

Example 3 Color Shine Shampoo

(Wt .-%) cocoamidopropyl 5.00 C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ -alkyl polyglucoside (PD: ~ 1.50) 5.00 lauramine 2.00 sucrose 0.50 glucose 0.30 Polyquaternium-24 0.50 citric acid 0.35 preservative q.s. Perfume 0.20 Basic Red 76 0.10 HC Red 3 0.05 water ad 100.00

After application to human hair, a bright red coloration was obtained even after repeated shampooing not noticeably faded.  

Example 4 Color Shine Shampoo

(Wt .-%) cocoamidopropyl 5.00 C ₈ -C ₁₁ alkyl polyglucoside (PD: ~ 1.45) 5.00 Laureth-16 5.00 lauramine 2.00 honey 1.50 citric acid 0.40 Polyquaternium-24 0.50 Basic Red 76 0.05 Basic Brown 16 0.05 Basic Brown 17 0.05 Perfume 0.25 preservative q.s. water ad 100.00

A reddish-brown, shiny, permanent hair color was obtained.  

Example 5 Color Shine Shampoo

(Wt .-%) cocoamidopropyl 3.00 , sodium 3.00 C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ -Alkylpolyglucosid 5.00 Laureth-16 5.00 Polyquaternium-24 0.60 honey 1.20 citric acid 0.50 Perfume 0.25 preservative q.s. Basic Brown 16 0.05 Basic Brown 17 0.05 water ad 100.00

It was a shiny, medium brown hair color achieved.

Claims (4)

1. An aqueous-based liquid shampoo containing

• a) 1 to 25 wt .-% of at least one amphoteric and / or zwitterionic surfactant;
• b) 1 to 20 wt .-% of at least one Alkylpolyglucosids of the formula
  RO- (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n -Z _x ,
  wherein R is a C ₈ -C ₂₀ alkyl or alkenyl group, Z is a sugar residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, n is a number from 0 to 10 and x is a number from 1 to 5; and
• c) 0.1 to 20 wt .-% of at least one mono- and / or oligosaccharide, each calculated to the total composition.

2. Composition according to claim 1, containing in addition 0.5 to 15 wt .-%, calculated on the Total composition, at least one other nonionic surfactant. 3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, containing sucrose. 4. Composition according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, containing 0.001 to 2.5 wt .-%, calculated on the total composition, at least one cationic and / or anionic substantive hair dye.