DE19703133A1 - Attractants for arthropods - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to novel attractants for arthropods which are based on lactic acid or lactic acid derivatives as agents to enhance the effect of polyalcohols, monofunctional compounds and extracts of natural substances for use in controlling arthropods. The invention further relates to control devices and agents that contain these new attractants for arthropods.

Description

The present invention relates to new attractants for arthropods based on Lactic acid or lactic acid derivatives as activity enhancers of polyalcohols and Natural product extracts for use in combating arthropods. The Erfin dung continues to affect control devices and agents that lock this new substances for arthropods.

The fight against arthropods, in particular those arthropods that are in Households, food processing companies, canteen kitchens and hospitals stopping livestock stalls is hygienic and aesthetic viewpoints of great importance. The efficiency of mechanical, biological and chemical control methods can be significantly increased, that the arthropods to be controlled by suitable attractants such as bait, be agreed color arrangements, fragrances, pheromones, etc., to the control device treatments or the arthropodicidal agents.

Acree et al. [Science 161 (1968) 1346] described L-lactic acid as an attractant for the Aedes aegypti mosquito species. De Jong and Knols reported Limburger cheese extracts as attractants to attract the mosquito species Anopheles gambiae [Acta Tropica 59 (1995) 333; Parasitology Today 12 (1996) 159].

It has now surprisingly been found that lactic acid or lactic acid derivatives serve as an enhancer for other compounds / mixtures or extracts. Mixtures of one or more, preferably exactly one of the compounds of the general formula (I)

in which
R ₁ for hydroxy, alkyloxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted arylamino, optionally substituted diaryloxy, halogen or cyano, preferably for hydroxy, C ₁ -C ₅ alkyloxy or optionally substituted phenyloxy, especially before for hydroxy , Methoxy, ethoxy or phenyloxy and very particularly preferably stands for hydroxy;
R _{2 represents} hydrogen, alkyl or optionally substituted aryl, preferably hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl or optionally substituted phenyl, be particularly preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl and very particularly preferably be hydrogen;
R _{3 represents} hydrogen, alkyl or optionally substituted aryl, preferably hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl or optionally substituted phenyl, be particularly preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl and very particularly preferably hydrogen;
R _{4 represents} hydrogen, alkyl or optionally substituted aryl, preferably hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl or optionally substituted phenyl, be particularly preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl and very particularly preferably be methyl;
and at least one, preferably exactly one, compound of the general formula (II)

in which
R ₅ to R ₁₂ independently of one another are hydrogen, alkyl or optionally substituted aryl, preferably hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl or optionally substituted phenyl, particularly preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl and very particularly preferably hydrogen ;
m and o independently of one another represent zero or a positive integer, preferably zero or an integer from one to five, particularly preferably zero, one or two and very particularly preferably zero;
n is zero or a positive integer, preferably zero or an integer from one to five; particularly preferably represents zero or one and very particularly preferably represents one;
can be used particularly advantageously in the control of arthropods.

The expression “compound of the general formula (I)” also includes corresponding salts which arise when the carboxylic acid is reacted with bases when R _{1 is} hydroxy and thus a carboxylic acid is present. All bases customary in active substance chemistry can be used for this, preferably alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, ammonia or alkyl and / or aryl-substituted amines, particularly preferably sodium, potassium, calcium hydroxides, ammonia, methylamine, dimethylamine or trimethylamine and all particularly preferably sodium hydroxide.

The term "compound of the general formula (I)" includes when R _{1 is} hydroxy, the free carboxylic acid or mixtures of the carboxylic acid with its salt or more, but preferably one of its salts. The mixture of free carboxylic acid with its carboxylic acid salt is preferred.

If in the general formula (I) R _{1 is} hydroxy and a mixture of the carboxylic acid with its salt or more of its salts, but preferably one of its salts, this compound (mixture) of the general formula (I) can be used entirely the compound 1/2 is particularly preferably used, even without the combination with a compound of the general formula (II), particularly advantageously in combating arthropods.

The proportional compositions of the mixtures of the carboxylic acid with their Salt or several of their salts can be varied over a wide range.

Mixtures of the carboxylic acid with its salt or more of its salts contain the Carboxylic acid preferably 1 to 90, particularly preferably 2 to 20 and whole particularly preferably 6 to 10 percent by weight.

The terms "compound of general formula (I)" and "compound of gen my formula (II) "each include all stereoisomers that are combined nation of all possible (R) and (S) configurations of the asymmetrically substituted Carbon atoms result, as well as mixtures of these isomers.

In the general formulas (I) and (II) and in the radical definitions, the radicals have the following general and preferred meanings:
Alkyl means straight-chain or branched alkyl having 1 to 10 (C ₁ -C ₁₀ ), preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms (C ₁ -C ₅ ) and particularly preferably methyl or ethyl.

Aryl means all aromatic ring systems customary in active ingredient chemistry finally heterocycles, preferably phenyl.

In the substituted aryl, preferably in the substituted phenyl, the aromatic carries Ring system at at least one position, maximum at all positions that substitute are a substituent. The substituents can be the same or different from one another to be different. Substituents which can be used are all those customary in active substance chemistry Substituents are available, preferably alkyl or aryl.  

In the formulas (I) and (II), the radicals (R ₁ to R ₁₂ , m, n and o), including those stated as preferred, particularly preferred or very particularly preferred, can be present in any combination.

According to the invention, preference is given to the compounds of the general formula (I) used in which a combination of those listed above as preferred meanings.

According to the invention, particular preference is given to the compounds of the general Formula (I) is used, in which a combination of the above as be particularly preferred meanings are present.

According to the invention, the compounds of the general are very particularly preferred NEN formula (I) is used, in which a combination of the above as quite be meanings particularly preferred are present.

Examples of compounds of the formula (I) which can be used according to the invention are and the compounds of Table 1 are very particularly preferably listed.

Table 1

According to the invention, preference is given to the compounds of the general formula (II) used in which a combination of those listed above as preferred meanings.

According to the invention, particular preference is given to the compounds of the general Formula (II) used, in which a combination of the above as special meanings listed preferably is present.

According to the invention, the compounds of the general are very particularly preferred NEN formula (II) is used, in which a combination of the above as quite be meanings particularly preferred are present.

Examples of compounds of the formula (II) which can be used according to the invention are and the compound of Table 2 is very particularly preferably listed.

Table 2

The compounds of the general formulas (I) and (II) are known or can can be obtained by generally customary methods and methods.

According to the invention, mixtures of one or more, preferably exactly one of the compounds of the general formula (I), very particularly preferably the Compounds I / 1 or I / 2, and at least one, preferably exactly one, Compound of the general formula (II), very particularly preferably the compound  II / 1, such as B. mixtures A and B, in the fight against arthropods be used.

The compositions of the mixtures according to the invention from the compounds The general formulas (I) and (II) can be varied over a wide range. The Mixtures contain the compounds of the formula (I) preferably in quantities of 5 to 95, particularly preferably 30 to 70 and very particularly preferably 50 weights percentages.

The following compositions are present in very particularly preferred mixtures of the compounds of the general formulas (I) and (II) (all figures in percentages by weight):

Mixture A:
Compound I / 1 = L-lactic acid, preferably 5 to 95%, particularly preferably 30 to 70% and very particularly preferably 50%,
mixed with
Compound II / 1 = glycerol, preferably 95 to 5%, particularly preferably 70 to 30% and very particularly preferably 50%;

Mix B:
Compound I / 2 = L-lactic acid / Na-L-lactate, preferably 5 to 95%, particularly preferably 70 to 30% and very particularly preferably 50%,
mixed with
Compound II / I = glycerol, preferably 95 to 5%, particularly preferably 30 to 70% and very particularly preferably 50%.

It has also surprisingly been found that mixtures of one or several, preferably exactly one, of the compounds of the general formula (I) and a cheese extract, or several cheese extracts, particularly advantageous in the Combat arthropods can be used.

Instead of cheese extracts, you can also use the cheese itself and everyone at the Cheese Pro production of preliminary products such. B. culture broths and waste products are used, but preferably the cheese extracts.

A cheese extract is e.g. B. by extracting a piece of cheese with a solution medium available. The resulting solution and the solid that after evaporation of the Solvent remains are called cheese extract.

The cheese extract can also be made from cheese by headspace techniques, e.g. B. with a ge suitable equipment by freezing or adsorbing the gaseous fragrances be prepared, but preferably by extraction with a solution tel.

All types of cheese can be used, preferably Limburg cheese, Mün stereotype cheese, monastery cheese, Romadur, blue and white mold cheese, Mainz cheese, Brie and Camembert, particularly preferred Limburger St. Mang (III / 1), Allgäu Limbur ger (III / 2), Bavarian Limburger (III / 3), Munster cheese St. Mang (III / 4), monastery cheese St. Mang (III / 5), Romadur St. Mang (III / 6), Creme Royale (III / 7), Hüttenberger Mainz cheese (III / 8), Roi de Trefle Brie (III / 9), Sonn Alm Camembert (III / 10) and very particularly preferred Limburger St. Mang (III / 1), Allgäu Limburger (III / 2), Bavarian Limburger (III / 3), monastery cheese St. Mang (III / 5), Romadur St. Mang (III / 6), Creme Royale (III / 7), Hüttenberger Mainz cheese (III / 8), Sonn Alm Camembert (III / 10). (III / 1 to III / 10 mean the corresponding cheese extracts.)

All solvents can be used for the extraction, preferably alcohol, particularly preferably C ₁ -C ₅ alcohols and very particularly preferably ethanol.

In a very particularly preferred embodiment for the production of cheese ex the following exemplary process is mentioned (cheese extract III / 1).

A 200 g piece of Limburger St. Mang cheese is cut into small pieces (approx. 1 g each) and mixed with 500 ml of ethanol. The suspension is at 4 h Room temperature stirred with a steel stirrer. The solution above will decanted and left at -30 ° C overnight. It is from the fancy Solid decanted and the solution by distilling off the ethanol to 275 ml constricted. This cheese extract as a solution has a solids content of approx. 20 mg / ml. If the extract is used as a solid, the solution is completely Distilling off the ethanol evaporated to dryness. Then about 6 g remain Solid.

According to the invention, mixtures of one or more, preferably exactly one of the compounds of the general formula (I), very particularly preferably the Compounds I / 1 and I / 2, and a cheese extract or several cheese extracts, particularly preferred the cheese extracts III / 1 to III / 10, very particularly preferred the cheese extracts III / 1 to III / 2, III / 5 to III / 8 and III / 10, in the fight against Arthropods are used.

The compositions of the mixtures according to the invention from the compounds the general formula (I) and the cheese extracts can vary over a wide range be. The mixtures contain the compounds of the general formula (I) preferably 1 to 90, particularly preferably 2 to 20 and very particularly be preferably 11% by weight.

The following compositions are present in very particularly preferred mixtures of the compounds of the general formulas (I) and the cheese extracts, cheese extract III / 1 being an example of the other cheese extracts III / 2 to III / 10 (all percentages by weight):

Mixture C:
Compound I / 1 = L-lactic acid, preferably 1 to 90%, particularly preferably 2 to 20% and very particularly preferably 11%,
mixed with
Cheese extract III / 1 = Limburger St. Mang, preferably 99 to 10%, particularly preferably 98 to 80% and very particularly preferably 89%;

Mixture D:
Compound I / 2 = L-lactic acid / Na-L-lactate, preferably 1 to 90%, particularly preferably 2 to 20% and very particularly preferably 11%,
mixed with
Cheese extract III / 1 = Limburger St. Mang, preferably 99 to 10%, particularly preferably 98 to 80% and very particularly preferably 89%.

It was also surprisingly found that mixtures of one or more, preferably exactly one, of the compounds of the general formula (I), (very particularly preferably of the compounds I / 1 or I / 2), and at least one, preferably exactly one, compound of the general formula (II), (very particularly preferably the compound II / 1), and a cheese extract or several cheeses extracts, (particularly preferably the cheese extracts III / 1 to III / 10, very particularly preferably the cheese extracts III / 1 to III / 3, III / 5 to III / 8 and III / 10), very advantageous can be used in the fight against arthropods.  

The compositions of the mixtures according to the invention from the compounds The general formula (I), (II) and the cheese extracts can be used over a wide range can be varied. The mixtures contain the compounds of the general formula (I) and (II) together preferably 1 to 90, particularly preferably 2 to 40 and most preferably 20 percent by weight; the weight ratio of ver Bonds of the general formula (I) and (II) in these mixtures is preferred as 5 to 95%, particularly preferably 70 to 30% and very particularly preferred 50%.

The following compositions are present in very particularly preferred mixtures of the compounds of the general formulas (I), (II) and the cheese extracts, the cheese extract III / 1 being an example of the other cheese extracts III / 2 to III / 10 (all details in Weight percent):

Mixture E:
Compound I / 1 = L-lactic acid
and
Compound II / 1 = glycerol,
together preferably 1 to 90, particularly preferably 2 to 40 and very particularly preferably 20 percent by weight, the weight ratio of the compounds I / 1 and II / 1 in these mixtures preferably 5 to 95%, particularly preferably 70 to 30% and completely is particularly preferably 50%,
mixed with
Cheese extract III / 1 = Limburger St. Mang, preferably 99 to 10%, particularly preferably 98 to 60% and very particularly preferably 80%,

Mixture F:
Compound I / 2 = L-lactic acid / Na-L-lactate
and
Compound II / 1 = glycerol,
together preferably 1 to 90, particularly preferably 2 to 40 and very particularly preferably 20 percent by weight, the weight ratio of the compounds 1/2 and 11/1 in these mixtures preferably 5 to 95%, particularly preferably 70 to 30% and completely is particularly preferably 50%,
mixed with
Cheese extract III / 1 = Limburger St. Mang, preferably 99 to 10%, particularly preferably 98 to 60% and very particularly preferably 80%

The mixtures according to the invention for combating arthropods have towards arthropods attract and are kairomon-like lure effects suitable to lure the arthropods to certain places and / or the Length of stay in these places, biological and / or chemical agents can be combated. The Compounds of the general formulas (I) and (II) according to the invention and the Cheese extracts are stable and by synthesis or the method described above easily accessible and in the mixtures according to the invention for combating Arthropods very suitable.

The mixtures according to the invention can be used to attract harmful or troublesome blood-sucking arthropods, especially insects and Ticks are used.  

The blood-sucking insects essentially include the mosquitoes (e.g. Aedes aegypti, Aedes vexans, Culex pipiens Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex tarsalis, Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles stephensi, Anopheles gambiae, Mansonia titillans), Butterfly mosquitoes (e.g. Phlebotomus papatasii), midges (e.g. Culicoides furens), Black mosquitoes (e.g. Simulium damnosum), biting flies (e.g. Stomoxys calcitrans), Tsetse flies (e.g. Glossina morsitans morsitans), brakes (e.g. Tabanus nigrovittatus, Haematopota pluvialis, Chrysops caecutiens), bugs (e.g. Cimex lectularius, Rhodnius prolixus, Triatoma infestans), lice (e.g. Pediculus humanis, Haematopinus suis, Damalina ovis), fleas (e.g. Pulex irritans, Xenopsylla cheopis, Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephalides felis) and sand fleas (Dermatophilus penetrans).

The other blood-sucking arthropods essentially include the ticks, e.g. B. Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes scapularis, Argas reflexus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Ornithodorus moubata, Boophilius microplus and Amblyomma hebraeum.

The mixtures according to the invention are preferred against blood-sucking Diptera, especially Nematocera and very particularly preferably used against Culicidae.

You can use mechanical control methods, for example, and preferably in adhesive devices or in combination with arthropodicides and / or biological agents are used.

In mechanical processes, the mixtures according to the invention can be based on one suitable, e.g. B. provided with glue, e.g. B. by brushing, spraying, Impregnation, printing, applied, optionally together with others effective agents, such as attractive colors and / or heat and / or moisture.

The same applies to documents treated with arthropodicides.

The mixtures according to the invention are preferably used to combat Arthropods incorporated into sticky traps, the mixtures either with the Insect trap glue mixed, but preferably on the glue and especially before  applied to an absorbent pad (e.g. filter paper strips) that is then applied to the glue. This is on a suitable one Base, preferably made of cardboard material, which reinforces the attracting effect color, particularly preferably dark tones, very particularly preferably black, is provided.

The shape is either flat (catch area) or tubular (catch tube), whereby in the latter case the glue is on the outside and / or inside.

To increase the attractiveness, the catch surface, preferably the catch tube, be installed vertically above a system that generates heat and moisture, e.g. B. a heatable water reservoir, very particularly preferably a long-term secticide vaporizer, in which the insecticide-containing liquid formulation by water was replaced.

The mixtures according to the invention can also be in a form in which they released over a longer period of time (slow release formulations). For this purpose, e.g. B. commercially available pheromone dispensers can be used, or they are incorporated or lie in polymer material, paraffins, waxes etc. microencapsulated in front.

The mixtures according to the invention can also be used in other trap systems be set, e.g. B. Electric traps with high voltage grids or suction traps, the mixtures according to the invention either on an inert carrier material (e.g. cardboard, Filter paper) or as slow release formulations in the trap.

Instead of insect trapping glue, the trapping area can also be treated with a contact arthropodicide be treated, the z. B. sprayed or impregnated or printed.

Another application of the mixtures according to the invention is their incorporation in textiles (e.g. curtains, tarpaulins) that are also combined with one or more Contact arthropodicides are treated. Blood-sucking Diptera (e.g. mosquitoes) can be more attracted to these places in this way.  

The mixtures according to the invention can also be used in spray formulations which applied with conventional equipment.

All application forms can be combined with other chemical attractants (e.g. Carbon dioxide, 1,3-octenol, phenols and mixtures thereof) can be combined.

All known substances can be used as arthropodicides, depending on the indication because there is no undesirable interaction between the arthropodicide Kenden agents and the mixtures according to the invention.

The following classes of substances are preferably suitable: phosphoric acid esters, carbamates, natural pyrethrins, synthetic pyrethroids, nitroamino, nitromethylene, cyano amino, cyanomethylene compounds, pyrrolido-2,4-dione derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives, Azadirachtine, Annonine and / or Ryanodine, Avermectine, Ivermectine and ver turned structures.

Arthropodicides which can be used according to the invention are exemplary and complete the compounds of Table 3 are particularly preferably listed.  

Table 3

In particular, cyfluthrin and betacyfluthrin should be mentioned.

The mixtures according to the invention for combating arthropods can be in Combination with one or more arthropodicides depending on their respective physical and / or chemical properties in customary formulations genes such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, Pastes, granules, aerosols, active ingredient-impregnated natural and synthetic substances as well as very fine encapsulation in polymeric substances.  

These formulations are prepared in a known manner, e.g. B. by mixing of the active ingredients with auxiliaries and / or extenders, that is to say liquid solvents and / or solid carriers, optionally using surface-active agents agents, i.e. emulsifiers and / or dispersants and / or foam-producing agents Means. In the case of the use of water as an extender, e.g. Belly organic solvents can be used as auxiliary solvents. As a liquid Solvents are essentially possible: aromatics such as xylene, toluene or Alkylnaphtalins, chlorinated aromatics of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chlorethylenes or methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons substances such as cyclohexane or paraffins, e.g. B. petroleum fractions, alcohols such as butanol or glycol and their ethers and esters, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, Methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents such as dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and water.

The following may be mentioned as solid carriers: B. natural stone powder such as kaolins, Clay, talc, chalk quartz, attapuligite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth and synthetic stone powder such as finely divided silica, aluminum oxide and Silicates. Possible solid carriers for granules are: B. broken and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, dolomite, as well synthetic granules from inorganic and organic flours as well as granules made of organic material such as B. sawdust, coconut shells, corn cobs and Tobacco stem.

Suitable emulsifying and / or foam-generating agents are: B. not iono gene and anionic emulsifiers such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethy len fatty alcohol ether, e.g. B. alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, Aryl sulfonates, and protein hydrolyzates.

Possible dispersants are: B. Lignin sulfite liquor and methyl cellu loose.  

Adhesives such as e.g. B. carboxymethyl cellulose, natural and synthetic powdery, granular or latex-shaped polymers are used be like B. gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate as well as natural Liche phospholipids such. B. cephalins and lecithins and synthetic phospholipids.

Other additives can e.g. B. mineral and vegetable oils.

In addition, inorganic pigments, e.g. B. iron oxide, titanium oxide, ferrocyan blue as well as organic dyes, e.g. B. alizarin, azo and metal phthalocyanine dyes be used.

The formulations preferably contain 0.001 to 15, in particular 0.01 to 5 Percentages by weight of the mixtures according to the invention and preferably between 0.1 and 95, in particular 0.5 and 90 percent by weight arthropodicidal substances.

The biological effectiveness of the mixtures according to the invention for combating of arthropods will be explained using the following examples.  

Example A Attracting the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti in a Y-olfactometer

Female stinging mosquitoes are used, which measure in 50 × 30 × 20 cm Send cages and hand-test in one of the olfactometer doses be lured.

There is lighting from 4 a.m. to 4 p.m. (neon light), the temperature is 24-26 ° C.

A mosquito can with approx. 20 mosquitoes is attached to the left of the olfactometer (gauze closed), as can be seen from FIG. 1. After an acclimatization period of 5 minutes, a glass tube is placed in the heating element of the T-can, on the inner wall of which there is one of the mixtures according to the invention. (The mixtures according to the invention are previously placed in solution [ethanol or methanol, possibly with a small amount of water] on the inner wall of the glass tube. After the solvent has been evaporated off, the mixture remains as a solid and the glass tube is added to the heating element.) After connecting one Air hose (air flow: 2.8 l / min) the mosquito can is opened. After 45 seconds the mosquito cans are closed, the heating element is removed and the mosquitoes in the cans are counted.

The effect is calculated using the following formula:

+100 means highest attractiveness (all mosquitoes in a T-box), -100 strongest repellency (all mosquitoes outside the T-can).  

After the test, the mosquitoes are reversed by hand in the left Can lured back and after 5 minutes idle of the olfactometer the next test (Heating element on the other stimulus chamber).

Four test elements are created and the mean value after the end of the test calculated.  

Table 4

Example B Effect of trap systems against the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti in rooms

Female stinging mosquitoes are used, which measure in 50 × 30 × 20 cm Send cages and hand-test in one of the olfactometer doses be lured.

A room (2.6 x 5.6 m) is set up as indicated in Fig. 2:
The optical targets represent additional stimuli that distract from the trap and simulate a furnished room.

They consist of 6 cardboards (2 black, 2 dark red, 2 light red) Prisms (80 cm long, 30 cm wide, angle 90 °) vertically at a height of 1 m Floor attached to the longitudinal walls of the room in the middle, as well as 2 bright red Cardboard cylinders (right and left in the middle of the room) and a dark red one in the rear area.

There is lighting from 4 a.m. to 4 p.m. (neon light), the temperature is 24-26 ° C.

Through the door behind the curtain located there is the olfactometer box empties and after 15 ', 30' and 1 hour the number of stuck mosquitoes is determined.

Four test elements are created and the mean value after the end of the test calculated.

5 cm wide and 60 cm long black glue strips were used as traps insect trapping glue on both sides. The mixtures according to the invention were applied in an ethanolic solution using a pipette before the start of the experiment. The Traps were fastened in the middle by hanging from the ceiling, so that the lower end was 1.75 in above the ground.  

Claims (10)

1. Agent comprising at least one compound of the general formula (I)
in which
R ₁ for hydroxy, alkyloxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted arylamino, optionally substituted diaryloxy, halogen or cyano, preferably for hydroxy, C ₁ -C ₅ alkyloxy or optionally substituted phenyloxy, particularly preferably for Hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy or phenyloxy, and very particularly preferably stands for hydroxy;
R _{2 represents} hydrogen, alkyl or optionally substituted aryl, preferably represents hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl or optionally substituted phenyl, particularly preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl and very particularly preferably hydrogen;
R _{3 represents} hydrogen, alkyl or optionally substituted aryl, preferably represents hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl or optionally substituted phenyl, particularly preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl and very particularly preferably hydrogen;
R _{4 represents} hydrogen, alkyl or optionally substituted aryl, preferably represents hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl or optionally substituted phenyl, particularly preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl and very particularly preferably methyl;
and one or more of the components

• a) a salt of a compound of general formula (I) and / or
• b) a compound of the general formula (II)
  in which
  R ₅ to R ₁₂ independently of one another are hydrogen, alkyl or optionally substituted aryl, preferably hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₅ -alkyl or optionally substituted phenyl, particularly preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl and very particularly preferably hydrogen ;
  m and o independently of one another represent zero or a positive integer, preferably zero or an integer from one to five, particularly preferably zero, one or two and very particularly preferably zero;
  n stands for zero or a positive integer, preferably for zero or an integer from one to five, particularly preferably for zero or one and very particularly preferably for one;
  and or
• c) a cheese extract.

2. Composition according to claim 1, containing L-lactic acid and Na-L-lactate. 3. Composition according to claim 1, containing L-lactic acid and glycerol. 4. Composition according to claim 1, containing L-lactic acid, Na-L-lactate and Glycerin. 5. Composition according to claim 1, containing L-lactic acid and cheese extract. 6. Composition according to claim 1, containing L-lactic acid, Na-L-lactate and Cheese extract. 7. Composition according to claim 1, containing L-lactic acid, glycerol and cheese extract and optionally Na-L-lactate. 8. Use of the agent according to claims 1 to 7 as attractants for Arthropods. 9. Devices for combating arthropods, characterized by a Content of an agent according to claims 1 to 7. 10. A method for combating arthropods, characterized in that one arthropods with means according to claims 1 to 7 to devices lures so that the arthropods subsequently on or on the devices can be eliminated.