DE19635365A1 - Forming mineral phases with hydraulic properties - Google Patents
Forming mineral phases with hydraulic propertiesInfo
- Publication number
- DE19635365A1 DE19635365A1 DE1996135365 DE19635365A DE19635365A1 DE 19635365 A1 DE19635365 A1 DE 19635365A1 DE 1996135365 DE1996135365 DE 1996135365 DE 19635365 A DE19635365 A DE 19635365A DE 19635365 A1 DE19635365 A1 DE 19635365A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cement
- waste
- asbestos
- mineral
- microwave
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010811 mineral waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- CWBIFDGMOSWLRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;hydroxy(trioxido)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] CWBIFDGMOSWLRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002974 CaO–SiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052620 chrysotile Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicalcium;oxocalcium;silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca]=O.[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002706 dry binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- ULEFFCDROVNTRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;disodium;dihydroxy(oxo)silane;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O ULEFFCDROVNTRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/04—Heat treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/10—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation
- A62D3/17—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. emitted by a laser
- A62D3/178—Microwave radiations, i.e. radiation having a wavelength of about 0.3 cm to 30cm
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/246—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from waste building materials, e.g. waste asbestos-cement products, demolition waste
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
- A62D2101/41—Inorganic fibres, e.g. asbestos
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Bildung von Mineralphasen mit hydraulischen Eigenschaften ohne oder ohne wesentliche Verwendung von natürlichen Rohstoffen und/oder Sekundärrohstoffen.The invention relates to a method for the formation of mineral phases with hydraulic Properties without or without substantial use of natural raw materials and / or Secondary raw materials.
Es ist bekannt, daß in der Vergangenheit erhebliche Mengen von Asbestvarietäten, zu etwa 90% jedoch das [OH-]-Gruppen enthaltende Magnesiumsilicat Chrysotil-Asbest, durch das Bauwesen beispielsweise zur Herstellung des Faser-Bindemittel-Kombinationswerkstoffs Asbestzement [H. Klos: Asbestzement - Technologie und Projektierung. Springer-Verlag, Wien-New York 1967] verbraucht wurden, wobei die armierenden Asbestfasern in eine Matrix aus hydratisiertem Portland-Zement [Knoblauch, H.; Schneider U.: Bauchemie. Werner Verlag, Düsseldorf 1992] eingelagert sind. Durch die Verwendung überwiegend von Chrysotil-Asbest als Armierungsfaser (im Konzentrationsbereich von 10 bis 20 Prozent) und Portland-Zement als mineralisches Bindemittel liegt gegenwärtig ein ökologisch bedenklicher Verbundwerkstoff vor, der unter dem Aspekt der Entwicklung neuer Recycling-Technologien und des verstärkten Einsatzes von Recycling-Rohstoffen und Recycling-Werk stoffen große Aufmerksamkeit verdient, zumal noch beträchtliche Mengen von Asbestzement-Er zeugnissen vielfach in Bauwerken vorzufinden sind, deren Entsorgung in den nächsten fünfzig Jahren ansteht [vgl. P. Bornemann: Demontage von Asbestzement nach TRGS 519. Tagungsband VDI/DIN-Kolloquium Faserförmige Stäube, Fulda, 6.-9. September 1993, S. 100 -105].It is known that in the past considerable amounts of asbestos varieties, but approximately 90% of the magnesium silicate chrysotile asbestos containing [OH - ] groups, were used by the construction industry for example to produce the fiber-binder combination material asbestos cement [H. Toilet: asbestos cement - technology and project planning. Springer-Verlag, Vienna-New York 1967] were used, the reinforcing asbestos fibers in a matrix of hydrated Portland cement [Knoblauch, H .; Schneider U .: construction chemistry. Werner Verlag, Düsseldorf 1992]. The use of predominantly chrysotile asbestos as a reinforcing fiber (in the concentration range of 10 to 20 percent) and Portland cement as a mineral binder currently results in an ecologically questionable composite material, which takes into account the development of new recycling technologies and the increased use of recycling -Raw materials and recycling materials deserve a lot of attention, especially since considerable quantities of asbestos cement products can still be found in many buildings, the disposal of which is pending over the next fifty years [cf. P. Bornemann: Dismantling of asbestos cement according to TRGS 519. Conference proceedings VDI / DIN colloquium fibrous dusts, Fulda, 6.-9. September 1993, pp. 100-105].
Auch der Spritzasbest, der beispielsweise für die Wärmeisolierung von Turbinengehäusen und Rohrleitungen in Kraftwerken, bei der Feuerschutzisolierung im Stahlbau, zur Isolierung von Blech- Lüftungs- und Klimakanälen (Außenanwendung) und von Kabeldurchbrüchen verwendet worden ist, steht ebenfalls zur Entsorgung an. Spritzasbest ist eine Trockenmischung, die zu etwa 50% Asbest (meistens Krokydolith, aber auch Chrysotil üblich) und zu etwa 50% aus einem Trockenbindemittel (in der Regel Portland-Zement) besteht [D. Ullmann, R. Eggersdorfer, R. König: Analyse der Asbestindustrie. Berichte 4/78 des Umweltbundesamtes, Erich Schmidt Verlag, Berlin 1978].Also the spray asbestos, for example for the thermal insulation of turbine housings and Pipelines in power plants, for fire protection insulation in steel construction, for the insulation of sheet metal Ventilation and air conditioning ducts (outdoor use) and cable breakthroughs have been used, is also due for disposal. Spray asbestos is a dry mix that is about 50% asbestos (mostly crocidolite, but also chrysotile common) and about 50% from a dry binder (in usually Portland cement) exists [D. Ullmann, R. Eggersdorfer, R. König: Analysis of the Asbestos industry. Reports 4/78 of the Federal Environment Agency, Erich Schmidt Verlag, Berlin 1978].
Gemäß DE 43 12 102 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur Entsorgung von Asbestzement-Bauelementen im Hinblick auf eine Wertstoffrückgewinnung bekannt geworden, wonach Asbestzement einer thermischen Behandlung bei Temperaturen analog denen für die Zementherstellung unterzogen wird, so daß es dadurch zum einen zu einer Phasenumwandlung beim Chrysotil-Asbest unter Verlust seiner gesundheitsgefährdenden Wirkung kommt und zum anderen zugleich die mineralischen Phasen des Portland-Zementes gebildet werden.According to DE 43 12 102 A1 is a method for the disposal of asbestos cement components has become known with regard to a recovery of valuable materials, according to which asbestos cement thermal treatment at temperatures analogous to those for cement production, so that it leads to a phase change in chrysotile asbestos while losing its there is a health hazard and on the other hand the mineral phases of Portland cement are formed.
Mit der DE 43 30 551 A1 ist ein konventionelles Verfahren zur umweltschonenden Entsorgung
von Mineralfasern und mineralfaserhaltigen Stoffen und deren Überführung in Wertstoffe beschrieben
worden, das jedoch für die Herstellung von hydraulisch aktiven Bindemitteln nicht geeignet ist, weil
dabei Stoffmischungen berücksichtigt werden, die alkalihaltige silicatische Glasfasern aufweisen. Bei
diesen Fasern handelt es sich um solche Materialien, die in der Regel auf der Grundlage des
Glassystems Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂ hergestellt wurden. Würden solche alkalihaltigen silicatischen
Glasfasern im Zusammenhang mit der Herstellung von mineralischen Bindemitteln verwendet werden,
dann hätte dieser systematische Alkalieintrag in die Zementrohmehlmischung zur Folge, daß kein
Normzement hergestellt worden wäre. Ein Zement mit einem unzulässig hohen Alkaligehalt führt bei
Beton zu dem bekannten Alkalitreiben, d. h. zu einer Selbstzerstörung des Baustoffs.DE 43 30 551 A1 describes a conventional process for the environmentally friendly disposal of mineral fibers and mineral fiber-containing substances and their conversion into valuable materials, but this is not suitable for the production of hydraulically active binders because mixtures of substances that contain alkali-containing silicate glass fibers are taken into account exhibit. These fibers are such materials that were usually made on the basis of the Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂ glass system. Would such alkali-containing silicate
If glass fibers are used in connection with the production of mineral binders, this systematic entry of alkali into the cement raw meal mixture would have the consequence that no standard cement would have been produced. A cement with an impermissibly high alkali content leads to the known alkali drift in concrete, ie to self-destruction of the building material.
Die Anwendung der Mikrowellentechnik mit einer Frequenz von 2,45 GHz und variablem Energieeintrag zwischen 0 und 3 kW zur Zementklinkerherstellung aus Zementrohstoffen unter Bildung der Klinkerphasen (Angaben in Gew.-%) 68,0 Alit (C₃S), 16,9 Belit (C₂S), 1,4 kubisches C₃A und 13,1 C₄AF ist von L. Qu´m´neur, J. Choisnet, B. Raveau, J.M. Thiebaut und G. Roussy: Microwave Clinkering with a Grooved Resonant Applicator. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 66(1983) 855-859, beschrieben worden. Des weiteren konnte gezeigt werden, daß Zementklinker gebildet werden können, die temperaturmäßig um größenordnungsmäßig 100°C niedriger liegen im Vergleich zu den konventionellen Klinkerherstellungstechnologien, wenn die Klinkerbildung von herkömmlichen und von gefärbtem Portland-Zement im mit 2,45 GHz betriebenen Mikrowellenaggregat erfolgt [Y. Fang, D.M. Roy, R. Roy: Microwave clinkering of ordinary and colored Portland cements. Cement and Concrete Research 26 (1996) 41-47]. Ausgehend vom Zementrohmehl wurde das Probenmaterial innerhalb von 15 Minuten auf 1500°C erhitzt und die Zementklinkerphasen haben sich, wie röntgenographisch nachgewiesen wurde, gebildet.The application of microwave technology with a frequency of 2.45 GHz and variable Energy input between 0 and 3 kW for the production of cement clinker from cement raw materials with formation of the clinker phases (figures in% by weight) 68.0 alite (C₃S), 16.9 belite (C₂S), 1.4 cubic C₃A and 13.1 C₄AF is by L. Qu´m´neur, J. Choisnet, B. Raveau, J.M. Thiebaut and G. Roussy: Microwave Clinkering with a Grooved Resonant Applicator. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 66 (1983) 855-859. Furthermore it could be shown that cement clinker was formed can be compared, which are in terms of temperature by an order of magnitude 100 ° C lower to the conventional clinker production technologies when the clinker formation of conventional and of colored Portland cement in the microwave unit operated at 2.45 GHz [Y. Fang, D.M. Roy, R. Roy: Microwave clinkering of ordinary and colored Portland cements. Cement and Concrete Research 26 (1996) 41-47]. The sample material was based on the raw cement meal heated to 1500 ° C within 15 minutes and the cement clinker phases have how was detected by X-ray.
Ein Verfahren zur Zersetzung von gesundheitsgefährdenden anorganisch-nichtmetallischen Faserstoffen, insbesondere von Asbest oder asbesthaltigen Stoffen einschließlich des Asbestzementes, ist in der DE 43 03 729 A1 dargestellt, wobei lediglich das Hydroxylgruppen enthaltende Silikatgerüst dieser gesundheitsgefährdenden Faserstoffe mit Hilfe der hochfrequenten energiereichen elektromagnetischen Strahlung (Mikrowellen) umgewandelt wird. Verfahrensgemäß geht es hier ausschließlich um die Inertisierung dieser gesundheitsgefährdenden Asbestfaserstoffe.A process for the decomposition of health-endangering inorganic non-metallic Fibers, especially of asbestos or substances containing asbestos including the Asbestos cement is shown in DE 43 03 729 A1, only the hydroxyl groups containing silicate structure of these health-endangering fiber materials with the help of the high-frequency high-energy electromagnetic radiation (microwaves) is converted. According to the procedure it is all about inerting these health-threatening asbestos fibers.
Das Erhitzen mit Hilfe von Mikrowellen, das auf der inneren Wärmeableitung in Verbindung mit der Anregung von molekularen Dipolen in elektromagnetischen Feldern basiert, gestattet eine vergleichsweise schnellere und auch gleichmäßigere Erwärmung [vgl. C.K.Y. Leung, T. Pheeraphan: Very high early strength of microwave cured concrete. Cement and Concrete Research 25 (1995)136 -146; W.H. Sutton: Microwave processing of ceramics - an overview. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings 269 (1992) 3-20]. Mit Hilfe fokusierter Mikrowellen [vgl. G. Ließmann: Das Mikrowellenverfahren zur Zerkleinerung von Gestein - Versuchsanlage 1 und die erzielten Ergebnisse. Bergbautechnik 16 (1966) 537-540; G. Ließmann: Untersuchungen an einer Ellipsoid-Re flektorantenne. Nachrichtentechnik 18 (1968) 154-156; Anonym: Mikrowellen gegen Müll. Umwelt-Magazin (1994)10, S. 93] ist zudem auch eine sehr schnelle, örtliche Erhitzung möglich. Selbst Substrate mit komplizierter Probengeometrie wie Fasern eignen sich zur Behandlung im Mikro wellen-CVD-Reaktor (siehe auch P.G. Partridge, M.N.R. Ashfold, P.W. May, E.D. Nicholson: The effective chemical vapour deposition rate of diamond. Journal of Materials Science 30 (1995) 3973-3982]. Untersuchungen zur Mikrowellenausbreitung (Frequenz 35 GHz) bei organischen Verbundwerkstoffen mit Ruß, der in einer Konzentration 0,2 Vol.-% angewandt wurde, haben gezeigt, daß die Fortpflanzung nicht nur von einem makroskopischen Parameter, der Konzentration, sondern auch vom Partikeldurchmesser der in der Polymermatrix eingelagerten leitenden Teilchen und der Probendicke abhängig ist [M.E. Achour, J.L. Miane, F. Lahjomri, M. EI Malhi, F. Carmona: Microwave propagation through carbon black - epoxy resin composites. Journal of Materials Science Letters 14 (1995) 1425-1429].Heating by means of microwaves, which is related to the internal heat dissipation based on the excitation of molecular dipoles in electromagnetic fields comparatively faster and more even heating [cf. C.K.Y. Leung, T. Pheeraphan: Very high early strength of microwave cured concrete. Cement and Concrete Research 25 (1995) 136 -146; W.H. Sutton: Microwave processing of ceramics - an overview. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings 269 (1992) 3-20]. With the help of focused microwaves [cf. G. Ließmann: That Microwave process for crushing rock - test facility 1 and the results obtained. Mining Technology 16 (1966) 537-540; G. Ließmann: Investigations on an ellipsoid re reflector antenna. Telecommunications 18 (1968) 154-156; Anonymous: microwaves against garbage. Environment magazine (1994) 10, p. 93], a very quick, local heating is also possible. Even Substrates with complicated sample geometry such as fibers are suitable for treatment in the micro Wave CVD reactor (see also P.G. Partridge, M.N.R. Ashfold, P.W. May, E.D. Nicholson: The effective chemical vapor deposition rate of diamond. Journal of Materials Science 30 (1995) 3973-3982]. Studies on microwave propagation (frequency 35 GHz) in organic composites with carbon black, which was used in a concentration of 0.2 vol .-%, have shown that the Reproduction not only from a macroscopic parameter, the concentration, but also from the Particle diameter of the conductive particles embedded in the polymer matrix and the sample thickness is dependent on [M.E. Achour, J.L. Miane, F. Lahjomri, M. EI Malhi, F. Carmona: Microwave propagation through carbon black - epoxy resin composites. Journal of Materials Science Letters 14 (1995) 1425-1429].
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein emissionsarmes, nicht ortsgebundenes und nicht an konventionelle Wärmeleitung (elektrischer Kammer- oder Tunnelofen, gasbeheizter Drehrohrofen) gebundenes Herstellungsverfahren für mineralische, hydraulisch aktive Bindemittel zur Verfügung zu stellen, das hinsichtlich der Ausgangsstoffe nicht auf der Verwendung von natürlichen Roh- bzw. Sekundärrohstoffen basieren soll.It is an object of the invention to be a low-emission, not local and not conventional heat conduction (electric chamber or tunnel furnace, gas-heated rotary tube furnace) bound manufacturing process for mineral, hydraulically active binders place that does not rely on the use of natural raw or Secondary raw materials should be based.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die emmissionsarme und nicht ortsgebundene Herstellung von mineralischen Phasen mit hydraulischen Eigenschaften erfindungsgemäß aus mineralischen Abfallstoffen zementähnlicher chemischer Zusammensetzung in weitgehend homogener stofflicher Verteilung, insbesondere handelt es sich um Abfallstoffe in Form des Asbestzements und/oder des Spritzasbests, durch Einwirkung elektromagnetischer Wellen, d. h. unter dem Einfluß von dielektrischer (HF) oder Mikrowellen-(UHF) Energie in einem abgeschlossenen System bei einer Frequenz im Bereich von 3 MHz bis 3 GHz, vorgenommen wird.This object is achieved in that the low-emission and not local Production of mineral phases with hydraulic properties according to the invention mineral waste materials of cement-like chemical composition in largely homogeneous Material distribution, in particular it is waste in the form of asbestos cement and / or the spray asbestos, by exposure to electromagnetic waves, d. H. under the influence of dielectric (HF) or microwave (UHF) energy in a closed system at a Frequency in the range from 3 MHz to 3 GHz.
Vorzugsweise wird eine Behandlung der asbesthaltigen zementgebundenen Stoffe bei einer Frequentz von 2,45 GHz und hinsichtlich der mikrowelleninduzierten Temperaturen des behandelten Gutes bis 1500°C vorgenommen. Hierbei wird das phsikalisch und chemisch gebundene Wasser aus dem Abfallstoff vollkommen freigesetzt.A treatment of the asbestos-containing cement-bound substances is preferred in one Frequentz of 2.45 GHz and with regard to the microwave-induced temperatures of the treated Good things made up to 1500 ° C. Here, the physically and chemically bound water is made completely released from the waste.
Der Vorteil der Erfindung liegt in der Verwendung der Mikrowellentechnik zur Veränderung des Mineralphasenbestandes beim Ausgangsstoff und der Bildung eines Wertstoffs mit hydraulischen Eigenschaften; sie bietet somit auch die Möglichkeit zur Anwendung eines nahezu abgasfreien Verfahrens auf Asbest-Sanierungsbaustellen, so daß von diesen Baustellen dann ein Wertstoff abgegeben wird.The advantage of the invention lies in the use of microwave technology to change the Mineral phase in the starting material and the formation of a valuable material with hydraulic Characteristics; it also offers the possibility of using an almost exhaust-free system Process on asbestos remediation sites, so that from these sites then a valuable material is delivered.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1996135365 DE19635365A1 (en) | 1996-08-21 | 1996-08-21 | Forming mineral phases with hydraulic properties |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1996135365 DE19635365A1 (en) | 1996-08-21 | 1996-08-21 | Forming mineral phases with hydraulic properties |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19635365A1 true DE19635365A1 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1996135365 Withdrawn DE19635365A1 (en) | 1996-08-21 | 1996-08-21 | Forming mineral phases with hydraulic properties |
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| DE (1) | DE19635365A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2526034C2 (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2014-08-20 | Юрий Георгиевич Мещеряков | Method of producing foamed porous aggregates |
-
1996
- 1996-08-21 DE DE1996135365 patent/DE19635365A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2526034C2 (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2014-08-20 | Юрий Георгиевич Мещеряков | Method of producing foamed porous aggregates |
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