DE19535090A1 - Dishwasher for industrial purposes - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a dishwasher for commercial purposes, in particular for washing flat surfaces Wash ware such as baking trays, trays or the like, after Preamble of claim 1.

Such dishwashers have a washing compartment, in where the dirty dishes are placed. Usually is at least one below the wash cabinet Wash tube or spray arm, which is fixed or movable is. Different versions are also in the upper Spray arms have already been arranged in the area of the wash cabinet.

In certain versions, there are rotating spray arms intended. The rotation is slanted Nozzles over the recoil from with appropriate pressure sprayed wash liquor driven. In the case of two rotating spray arms, d. H. an upper and a lower Spray arm cannot rotate the two spray arms be coordinated. The individual rays can interfere with each other.

The cleaning effect of a water or wash liquor jet is based on the one hand on the mechanical effect if the Jet with comparatively high pressure on the dishes hits. To remove the loosened dirt one must certain time is available during which the water or the wash liquor can run off. With a recoil  driven upper and lower spray arm finds the rotation uncontrolled instead, causing the two phases outlined be mutually disturbed. Furthermore, with rotating Spray arms only an incomplete use of space Washroom possible.

In other embodiments, in turn, are fixed washing pipes attached to the top and bottom of the wash cabinet, which are fixed together in the wash cabinet in one linear movement back and forth. The nozzles of the Wash pipes are aligned vertically. This has to the disadvantage that upper and lower rinse jets meet directly and possibly yours Cancel each other out so that the mechanical Effect on the wash ware is negatively affected. By means of the washing pipes moving back and forth is one Arrangement found with little washing pipes and few nozzles are used, but the so-called contact time, d. H. the time in the wash ware in the wash cabinet is actually processed with flushing jets, considerably reduced. To ensure adequate washing results with such Reaching the device is therefore correspondingly long Rinse times necessary. This in turn is commercial Area of application undesirable, as short as possible Rinse cycles are aimed for.

DE 24 42 619 in turn is a dishwasher become known in which several wash pipes above and below and on the side walls of the wash cabinet are arranged. Be at least two wash water pumps these wash pipes are supplied with wash liquor. One control ensures that different washing pipes alternate be used so that on the one hand good use of space the washing compartment is guaranteed and, on the other hand, counter-rotating Wash jets do not interfere with each other. Such Although the dishwasher achieves very good washing results,  However, due to the complex structure, it is very expensive Production. There must be an elaborate pump control system as well extremely many nozzles are provided.

The CH 447 499 is also a dishwasher become known, primarily for pots or the like was conceived. Located in the upper area of the wash cabinet fixed wash pipes with vertically downwards directed flushing jets. In the lower area of the wash cabinet there are several wash pipes arranged around their longitudinal axis are rotatable. You will have a lever drive device pivoted back and forth simultaneously about its longitudinal axis. From Rinse jets emerging from the wash pipe nozzles the inside of the pot-shaped dishes. There with Pots or the like often make the bottom strong the lower wash pipes are dirty with a higher one Pressurized, so that in addition a hold-down is provided to hold the pots in place. A such a device is for container-shaped wash ware suitable, but delivers for flat wash items, such as Baking trays or trays have poorer results. With increasing distance of the point of impact from the nozzle outlet the speed of the water or the Wash liquor and those that hit the dirt particles Mass as the rinse jet diverges, i.e. H. widens. Therefore, the distance worsens with increasing distance mechanical action of the flushing jet on the surface of the Washware. As often flat washware with a rotating one Are provided with so-called spray shadows, that cannot be reached with the device presented.

The object of the invention is therefore a dishwasher for commercial purposes, especially for flat wash items to propose such as baking sheets, trays or the like which has a good washing result due to a high mechanical Effect of the wash jets on the dishes and through a  sufficient flow time to remove the loosened dirt is guaranteed at high contact times. Furthermore should a good use of space can be guaranteed and in particular the spray shadows mentioned above are avoided.

This task is based on a dishwasher of the type mentioned in the introduction by the characteristic Features of claim 1 solved.

Accordingly, one according to the invention Dishwasher upper wash pipes on at least around their longitudinal axis are rotatable and the one above Drive device are pivotable back and forth. Means Such an arrangement can be particularly extensive Clean wash ware in shorter wash times. Since both the Swing the upper and lower wash pipes back and forth, there is no spray shadow in the wash items, for example behind a peripheral edge of a baking sheet or tray, which is not reached by the flushing jets. As a result of that these rays are generated from above and below also the upper areas due to considerably shorter and therefore less divergent rinsing jets run than this would be the case with flushing jets generated below. Hereby there is a high mechanical impact. Through the Swiveling movement of the washing pipes remains in any case enough time for the wash liquor to drain, causing detached dirt is removed from the wash ware. The proposed arrangement is energy-saving and effective, because with only one pump system and comparatively little Nozzles optimal use of space and a long contact time is achieved.

By the measures mentioned in the subclaims advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention possible.  

So it is particularly advantageous to swivel the coordinate upper and lower wash pipes. To this Way it is possible to occur under certain circumstances mutual interference of opposing washing jets largely to avoid. Especially for flat items such as baking trays control of the Swiveling movements in which the upper washing pipes are each in swiveled in the same direction with the lower washing pipes will. In this way the upper and lower meet Wash jets only when driving through the imaginary Connection lines between an upper and a lower washing pipe.

Especially when using the invention However, a device for container-shaped wash ware can also control of the upper and lower washing pipes is an advantage be with the upper and lower wash pipes be rotated in the opposite direction, so that the the upper and lower wash jets always meet. This type of control offers an advantage if it is not necessary to wash flat, container-like items. The upper wash jets then act as a stabilizer for the wash ware on its lower side from the lower Washing jets is cleaned. The possibly high pressure the lower wash jets would be without the above Stabilization may be able to pots, bowls, etc. out of their rinsing position.

It would also be conceivable for a controller to switch between different operating modes, e.g. B. the two above Operating modes, allowed.

In an advantageous embodiment, all washing pipes arranged parallel to each other. This will make the Coordination of the respective swivel movements simplified. Advantageously, the brackets for the  Washware arranged so that in the case of flat washware the surface to be rinsed lies across the wash pipes. To this The surface to be rinsed becomes wise via the swivel movement of the individual wash pipes in a wiper-like movement worn and cleaned over the entire area. By result in the wiper-like pivoting movement of the flushing jet areas in which the mechanical Influence of the flushing jet used to loosen the dirt while in other areas the outflowing rinse water or the outflowing rinsing solution replaces the loosened dirt transported below.

The nozzles are preferably on the individual washing pipes arranged so that they are exactly in the spaces between the individual flat items are arranged. This will each flat wash item is grasped by a nozzle of each wash tube and rinsed.

In a special embodiment, these nozzles still inclined in relation to the wash tube Wash pipe axis arranged so that they point under a Angle, preferably at least 5 °, on the mainly surface to be cleaned, e.g. B. the inner Floor surface of a baking sheet or tray, each flat Washware hits. Since flat wash items like baking sheets, Trays or the like are usually a special one dirty side, this is due to the inclined Preferably cleaned nozzles. The rinse jets hit here at the acute angle given above, whereby the called mechanical action is improved.

So-called flat jet nozzles are advantageous used. A large one can be made by means of such nozzles Spray area of the wash ware, taking the nozzle cross section is kept small. A small nozzle cross-section in turn ensures a high pressure with which a "hard" jet  is sprayed concentrated out of the washing pipe. A high one Pressure in turn causes the steel to hit the wash ware a high mechanical impact to solve the there existing dirt.

The surface of the flat jet advantageously becomes parallel aligned to the washing pipe axis. This way all areas that are hit by a washing nozzle in a plane through the axis of rotation of the washing tube running. This allows the angle setting of the Wash pipes for optimal use of space in the wash cabinet determine better.

These angular positions, for example based on the Inverted positions compared during the swivel movement can advantageously differ at least at the washing pipes close to the edge compared to the ones inside Wash tubes arranged in the wash cabinet. As shown below of the embodiment will be seen thereby the contact time in the Border areas increased. Furthermore, straight in the most distant impingement areas of the flushing jets Intersection of the rinse jets of adjacent wash pipes with different angle settings.

The drive for several washing pipes is advantageous coupled with each other, being a simple but reliable Possibility of such a drive in a lever drive exists, in which a rotary lever of each washing tube articulated in a push rod is mounted. Through the back and forth Movement of such a push rod, for example can be effected via an eccentric drive all wash pipes articulated on a push rod synchronously swung back and forth.  

An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown and is based on the following description explained in more detail.

Show in detail

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view,

Fig. 2 is another schematic sectional view perpendicular to the sectional plane of FIG. 1,

Fig. 3 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2, but based on another embodiment and

Fig. 4 is a Fig. 3 corresponding representation of a particular embodiment.

The dishwasher 1 according to FIG. 1 comprises a washing compartment 2 , in which flat items 3 such as baking trays, trays or the like are lined up one behind the other. Dashed lines show washware holders 4 which engage behind the edge 5 of the flat washware 3 and rest on the floor 6 . On the lower edge 7 , each wash ware is supported on the adjacent wash ware holder 4 .

Above the washing compartment 2 there is an upper washing pipe 8 , which is rotatably supported at both ends 9 , 10 . On its underside, the washing pipe 8 is equipped with a series of washing nozzles 11 , which are designed as flat jet nozzles, as indicated by the dash-dotted angles at the outlet of the nozzles 11 . At the bottom of the washing compartment 2 there is a lower washing pipe 12 , which, like the upper washing pipe 8 , is rotatably supported at its ends 13 , 14 and has washing nozzles 15 , which, however, are arranged on the lower washing pipe 12 on its upper side. The nozzles 11 of the upper washing tube 8 are inclined at an angle a in the direction of the items 3 to be washed. The lower nozzles 15 are also inclined at an angle β in the direction of the items 3 to be washed. The angles α and β are dimensioned such that the rinsing jets of the washing nozzles 11 , 15 strike the bottom 6 at an acute angle.

A pump 16 is connected to the washing compartment 2 via a return 17 . A pressure line 18 branches into two horizontal pressure pipes 19 , 20 , each of which is connected to a row of upper 8 and lower 12 washing pipes.

In particular in Fig. 2 it can be seen that a plurality of upper washing pipes 8 are articulated to a push rod 22 via a lever 21 . The push rod 22 is in turn articulated on two pivot levers 23 , 24 , the pivot axes 25 , 26 of which are located approximately at the level of the pivot tube axes 27 . The pivot lever 24 is designed as an angled double lever, which in turn is articulated on a vertical push rod 27 at its upper end 28 . At the lower end 19 of the vertical push rod 27 , a drive rod 30 is articulated, which is rotatably attached to an eccentric disc 31 at the output of a gear 32 . The gear 32 is in a non-positive connection with a motor 33 .

The lower washing pipes 12 are also articulated via a lever 34 to a lower push rod 35 , which in turn is articulated at its ends 36 , 37 to two pivot levers 38 , 39 . The pivot lever 38 is also designed as an angled double lever which is articulated at its free end 40 to the vertical push rod 27 and to the drive rod 30 .

Of the upper washing pipes 8 , the two outer edge pipes 41 , 42 are arranged rotated relative to the other upper washing pipes 8 . Accordingly, edge washing jets 45 , 46 , which do not run parallel to the other washing jets 47 of the inner washing pipes 8 , flow from the edge washing nozzles 43 , 44 . Correspondingly, the lower edge wash pipes 48 , 49 are also rotated relative to the other lower wash pipes 12 , so that the lower edge wash jets 50 , 51 also do not run parallel to the other wash jets 52 .

In operation, all the washing pipes 8 , 12 , 41 , 42 , 48 , 49 are pivoted back and forth over the push rods 22 and 35 . The push rods 35 and 22 are set in motion via the pivot levers 24 and 38 , which in turn are pivoted back and forth via the drive rod 30 and the vertical push rod 27 . The drive rod 30 in turn is caused by the eccentric disc 31 to reciprocate as soon as the motor 33 drives the eccentric disc 31 via the gear 32 .

All wash pipes 8 , 12 , 41 , 42 , 48 , 49 move in the pivoting movement from a certain angle section above the items to be washed. Since the individual washing nozzles 11 , 15 , 43 , 44 are designed as flat jet nozzles, they sweep over the items to be washed 3 over their entire height H. At every point in the items to be washed 3 there are processing intervals in which dirt is either mechanically loosened by the impinging jet or else the loosened dirt can run off with the wash water or the wash liquor.

As shown in particular in FIG. 1, as many nozzles 11 , 15 are attached to each washing tube 8 , 12 as there is space for flat washware 3 in the washware holders 4 . An upper nozzle 11 and a lower nozzle 15 thus spray into each intermediate space between the items 3 to be washed. As a result, there are no spray shadows through adjacent wash items 3 . The circumferential edges 5 of the items to be washed 3 can also not cause any spray shadows, since the top and bottom are sprayed with washing water or wash water. As shown in FIG. 2, all areas of the items to be washed 3 are reached by the various washing pipes 8 , 12 in the course of their pivoting movements. Good use of space in the wash cabinet 2 is thus ensured.

The space utilization is further improved by the twisted edge washing pipes 41 , 42 , 48 , 49 . These edge washing pipes avoid that they only spray the wall of the wash cabinet in their one extreme position. In their other extreme position, the twist enables them to spray the dishes 3 over a larger diagonal distance. Furthermore, the rotation of the edge wash pipes results in zones S, S 'where their rays 51 , 50 intersect with the rays 52 of adjacent wash tubes 12 . As can be seen from FIG. 2, these intersection areas S, S 'are located in zones far away from the washing pipes 49 , 12 , where the mechanical action of individual jets wears off due to the great distance. In the cutting areas S, S ', which represent the most distant distance for the respective washing pipes 12 , 48 , 49 , there is an additional benefit from the mutual reinforcement.

In FIGS. 3 and 4 specific embodiments for a useful co-ordinated pivotal movement are shown of the upper 8 and lower washing pipes 12.

In FIG. 3, to move the upper and lower washing pipes 8, 12 opposite in each direction of rotation so that opposite washing pipes 8, 47 always make 12 with their flushing jets 52, approximately in the middle M of the dishes 3. One can speak, so to speak, of an anti-parallel control, since associated wash jets of opposite wash pipes 8 , 12 are always arranged at an angle (with the exception of the brief moment in which they are directed directly at one another). In this arrangement, flat washware 3 is essentially cleaned in its upper region H1 by the upper washing pipes 8 and in its lower region H2 essentially by the lower washing pipes 12 . In its two halves H1 and H2 of the wash items, the wash jets 52 , 47 are essentially undisturbed, since the respective opposite wash jets are weakened in the center M by the mutual impact. This type of washing pipe control is particularly advantageous if not only flat washware 3 , but possibly also pots or other container-shaped washware is to be washed. In this case, the upper washing tubes 8, with their washing jets 47, have a stabilizing effect on the container-shaped items to be washed (not shown), which is inserted into the dishwasher 1 with its opening facing downward. The lower washing tubes 12 with their rinsing jets 52 can therefore be started at high pressure without the dishes being lifted.

Furthermore, it can be seen in FIG. 3 how this type of pivoting movement is achieved by interchanging the articulation of the lower push rod 35 or the vertical push rod 27 and the drive rod 30 on the double lever 38 .

In FIG. 4, on the other hand, a washing pipe control system is shown, which could be called a parallel control system. The upper 8 and lower 15 wash pipes swivel in the same direction of rotation. The rinse jets 47 , 52 of the upper 8 and lower 12 wash pipes always run parallel. They only interfere with one another in the short time when they pass each other. Most of the time and thus also in the area of the largest area that they run on the items 3 to be washed, they are undisturbed by one another. Each rinse jet 47 , 52 is able to develop its full cleaning power undisturbed over the entire height H of the wash ware. In this type of control, in particular the distant inner sides 5 ' , 5'' peripheral edges 5 , which represent spray shadows for the nearest wash pipes 8 , 15 are easier to reach, ie undisturbed. For example, each lower washing pipe 12 can clean the upper edge 5 'of the wash ware from the inside. Conversely, each upper wash jet 47 of each upper wash tube 8 can clean the inside of the lower edge 5 ,, of the wash ware 3 , to which the lower wash tubes 12 would otherwise not be able to reach.

However, the invention is not limited to the two illustrated exemplary embodiments of the washing pipe control. In particular, solutions are also conceivable in which the individual lower washing pipes 12 or the individual upper washing pipes 8 are at least partially decoupled from one another in their drive. Depending on the items to be washed, which are primarily to be cleaned in such a dishwasher, there would be greater flexibility in the search for an ideal washing pipe control, since in this case at least some of the washing pipes could be controlled individually.

Reference list

1 dishwasher
2 washrooms
3 wash ware
4 washware holders
5 rand
6 bottom
7 lower edge
8 upper washing pipe
9 end
10 end
11 washing nozzles
12 lower washing pipe
13 end
14 end
15 washing nozzles
16 pump
17 return
18 pressure line
19 horizontal pressure pipes
20 horizontal pressure pipes
21 levers
22 push rod
23 swivel lever
24 swivel levers
25 swivel axes
26 swivel axes
27 vertical push rod
28 top end
29 lower end
30 drive rod
31 eccentric disc
32 gears
33 engine
34 levers
35 push rod
36 ends
37 ends
38 swivel lever
39 swivel lever
40 free end
41 edge tube
42 edge tube
43 rim washing nozzles
44 edge washing nozzles
45 edge wash jets
46 rim wash jets
47 rinse jets
48 lower edge washing pipe
49 lower edge washing pipe
50 edge wash jets
51 rim wash jets
52 flushing jet

Claims (11)

1. Dishwasher ( 1 ) for commercial purposes, in particular for washing flat items ( 3 ) such as baking trays, trays or the like, with a washing compartment ( 2 ), on the upper side of which several upper (8) and on the underside several lower ( 12 ) Wash pipes are arranged, each having a plurality of wash nozzles ( 11 , 15 ) directed into the wash chamber ( 2 ), the lower wash pipes ( 12 ) being rotatable at least about their longitudinal axis and pivoting back and forth via a lower drive device, characterized in that also the upper washing pipes ( 8 ) can be rotated at least about their longitudinal axis and an upper drive device is provided, by means of which the upper washing pipes ( 8 ) can be pivoted back and forth. 2. Dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivoting movement of the upper washing pipes ( 8 ) and the lower washing pipes ( 12 ) are controlled in a coordinated manner. 3. Dishwasher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all washing tubes ( 8 , 12 ) are arranged in parallel. 4. Dishwasher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that holders ( 4 ) for the wash ware ( 3 ) are provided which hold the wash ware ( 3 ) transversely to the washing pipes ( 8 , 12 ). 5. Dishwasher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the washing nozzles ( 11 , 15 ) are arranged in spaces between the items to be washed ( 3 ). 6. Dishwasher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the washing nozzles ( 11 , 15 ) on the items to be washed ( 3 ) are inclined (α, β). 7. Dishwasher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the washing nozzles ( 11 , 15 ) are designed as flat jet nozzles. 8. Dishwasher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface of the flat jet nozzles is aligned in the direction of the washing tubes ( 8 , 12 ). 9. Dishwasher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the edge washing pipes ( 41 , 42 , 48 , 49 ) located at the edge of the washing compartment ( 2 ) are rotated relative to the other washing pipes ( 8 , 12 ). 10. Dishwasher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive for at least two washing pipes ( 8 , 12 ) is coupled. 11. Dishwasher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two or more washing tubes ( 8 , 12 ) are driven by a lever mechanism.