DE19503247A1

DE19503247A1 - Adsorptive material made from cellulose fibers and process for its production

Info

Publication number: DE19503247A1
Application number: DE1995103247
Authority: DE
Inventors: Thomas Kuehne; Kurt Boehler; Hans-Dieter Stuermer
Original assignee: STUERMER HANS DIETER DIPL CHEM
Current assignee: STUERMER HANS DIETER DIPL CHEM
Priority date: 1995-02-02
Filing date: 1995-02-02
Publication date: 1996-08-08
Also published as: WO1996023584A1

Abstract

An adsorption material for bonding fluids comprises a cellulose-containing material in fibrillated form. In a process for producing the adsorption material, cellulose fibres are subjected to non-crushing, tensile beating or cutting.

Description

Adsorbierende Materialien spielen in der technischen Praxis eine große Rolle. Im Gegensatz zu Absorbern verändern sie nicht chemisch das aufzunehmende Material, sondern lagern es grundsätzlich reversibel an, teils durch Oberflächen effekte wie Kapillarkräfte, teilweise durch polare bzw. unpolare Wechselwirkung.Adsorbing materials play an important role in technical practice. In contrast to absorbers, they do not chemically change what is to be absorbed Material, but basically attach it reversibly, partly through surfaces effects such as capillary forces, partly through polar or non-polar interaction.

Ein großes Einsatzgebiet von Bindemitteln ist das Verfestigen von Schlämmen oder Flüssigkeiten. Besonders bezüglich der Verfestigung von Klärschlämmen sind erhebliche Anstrengungen unternommen worden, weil diese häufig - selbst chemische Reinheit vorausgesetzt - infolge ihrer mechanischen Eigenschaften bei einem Einsatz in der Landwirtschaft zu erheblichen Problemen geführt haben. Zahlreiche Versuche, Klärschlämme bspw. mit Papierschlämmen vermengt auszubringen, sind daran gescheitert, daß dabei eine das Bodenleben vom Sauerstoff der Luft abschottende und somit schädigende zähe Schicht entsteht.A large area of application of binders is the solidification of sludge or liquids. Especially regarding the solidification of sewage sludge considerable efforts have been made because these are often - themselves provided chemical purity - due to their mechanical properties use in agriculture has led to considerable problems. Numerous attempts to mix sewage sludge with paper sludge, for example to deploy, failed because one of the bottom life of Oxygen-isolating and thus damaging tough layer is created.

Die Erfinder haben diese Wirkungen untersucht und sind zum Ergebnis gekom men, daß die Probleme eliminiert werden können, wenn gezielt ein Adsorptions korn hergestellt wird, das sich nicht zu eng an gleichartige Körnchen anlagert, sondern zu diesen einen Abstand einhält, der das Eindiffundieren von Sauerstoff ermöglicht. Man erreicht dies durch einen Anteil langer Fasern, die die Körnchen zugleich verhaken wie auch ihre kompakten Zentren voneinander Abstand halten lassen ("Igelhaut").The inventors examined these effects and came to the result men that the problems can be eliminated if targeted an adsorption grain that is not too closely attached to similar grains, but maintain a distance from them that diffuses oxygen enables. This is achieved through a proportion of long fibers that make up the granules at the same time get caught and also keep their compact centers at a distance from each other let ("hedgehog skin").

Ferner ergaben die Versuche, daß herkömmliche Reste der Papierherstellung häufig zu saure Eluate abgeben, eine Pufferwirkung ist also erwünscht.Furthermore, attempts have shown that conventional residues of papermaking often give off too acidic eluates, so a buffer effect is desirable.

Durch eine Kombination von geeignet vorbehandelten Fasern verschiedener Größen und Zugabe von Bindemitteln und Kalk gelang es, ein Adsorptionsmittel herzustellen, das die geforderten Eigenschaften aufweist. Es erwies sich darüber hinaus auch als geeignet für den Langzeiteinsatz, so daß bei Vermengen mit Nährstoffen und Kalk ein sonst nur von sogenannten Depotdüngern erreichter Effekt der stark verzögerten Abgabe der Nährstoffe eintritt. Insbesondere wird dadurch auch die bekannte Schädigung von Nützlingen durch staubförmigen Kalk, z. B. bei Ameisen im Forst, vermieden.Through a combination of suitably pretreated fibers of different Sizes and addition of binders and lime managed to be an adsorbent to produce, which has the required properties. It turned out to be also suitable for long-term use, so that when mixed with Nutrients and lime are otherwise only obtained from so-called depot fertilizers Effect of the greatly delayed release of nutrients occurs. In particular thereby also the well-known damage to beneficial organisms by dusty lime, e.g. B. with ants in the forest avoided.

Weitere Untersuchungen ergaben, daß dieses Mittel bei Modifizierung in an sich bekannter Weise gut geeignet ist für weitere Anwendungsbereiche, die in den Nebenansprüchen beschrieben sind.Further investigation showed that this agent when modified in itself known way is well suited for other areas of application in the Secondary claims are described.

Claims

1. A process for the production of granular and at the same time porous adsorption material, characterized in that cellulose fibers of different lengths and strength classes are fibrillated in suitable proportions in a conventional manner (ie split in the longitudinal direction) and mixed with binder, and the resulting mass - for example by a treatment corresponding to paper production - mixed with burnt or slaked lime and hygroscopic fillers and mixed intensively, so that granular structures arise.

2. adsorbent material in porous and granular form, produced according to claim 1, consisting of cellulose-containing and partly of excellent granules Fibers of various sizes, lime and hygroscopic fillers as well Binder (e.g. glue), characterized in that the outstanding fibers a snagging and at the same time distances between the compact portions of the granules formed.

3. Adsorbent material according to claim 2, characterized in that a complementary equipment is carried out with substances that are flame retardant Hydrophobization, suction reinforcement or similar modifications in itself serve in a known manner, for example by polyester, phosphorus compounds, Polyurethane, silicones or boron salts, and use resulting therefrom Way, especially as an odor / chemical binder or insulation.

4. Process for the production of an agent for fertilization and soil improvement, characterized in that adsorbent material according to claim 2 or 3 organic residues, such as sewage sludge or cooking oil, and in the conventional way of partial rotting or composting (e.g. in rents or drums).

5. Process for promoting the germination of seeds, also as nuts or mushrooms spore by this with the soil conditioner prepared according to claim 3 mixed or placed under a layer formed from it and so resulting substrate is applied in a suitable manner.

6. Procedure for acid-binding fertilization in agriculture and forestry by material produced according to claim 4 or 5 in the sense of a depot fertilizer is applied by means of acidified soils.