DE1704119B1 - METHOD AND MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW BODIES, IN PARTICULAR BOTTLES FROM THERMOPLASTIC PLASTIC - Google Patents

Description

bodies with improved strength properties in large numbers, especially the hourly Throughput of bottle filling machines is allowed.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a method of the type described at the outset solved that the cold preform is initially grasped from the outside in the middle area between its ends, then only the two ends are heated to the deformation temperature or welding temperature and are then deformed to a welded bottom or to a bottle mouth, then the Intermediate molding to a temperature below the deformation required for inflation The deformation temperature is heated and then inflated.

Thus, the preform is, in particular, during the formation of the bottom and the neck part of the hollow body of the bottle, held at its middle part from the outside, which is known to be special difficult shaping of the base and the neck part facilitated. Only the ends of the preform need to do this to be heated to welding temperature (about 160 ° C for PVC); this leads to an essential Shortening of the warm-up time and also a reduction of the time for deformation of the tubular preform required amount of heat. In addition, partial heating is achieved of the preform has a properly formed bottom. When deforming the ends of the There are no waste ends for preforms; the process works waste-free.

Furthermore, the intermediate molding, the ends of which have already been shaped, then needs only to be heated to a forming temperature that is below the welding temperature and with rigid PVC is around 110 ° C. This also generates thermal energy saved. In particular, however, one obtains when the intermediate molding is heated to the forming temperature in the subsequent blowing process, a hollow body with significantly improved strength properties.

The method according to the invention also allows the construction of machines with particularly high performance, where the production speed of the bottles is about the hourly throughput of a standard bottle filling machines (at least 10,000 bottles per hour). Thus, the production of the bottles are affiliated to a bottling plant. The method according to the invention has also have the advantage of economy, simplicity and speed.

Preferably only one end of the preform is deformed into a bottle mouth and immediately afterwards the other end is pressed into a hollow bottom mold in a manner known per se. In this way, the hollow body is provided with a curved base, which leads to a better utilization of the material leads. Furthermore, the known overstretched ones that occur during pinch welding are used Avoid parts of the bottom, which is particularly beneficial for pressure bottles.

In an expedient development of the invention, the ends of the preform to be deformed are Heated differently over its length, namely between one essentially the welding temperature of the plastic corresponding temperature at its outer edge and one below the softening temperature of the plastic lying temperature at its end lying on the unheated part of the preform. Which is this way Adjusting the temperature gradient along the ends of the preform to be deformed is essential for the manufacture the closed bottom and the neck part advantageous.

A machine for performing the method is based on a known device with at least a turntable from (USA.-Patent 2 792 593), along the circumference of devices for Bracket and for transporting the briquettes by grasping them from the inside, devices for heating the preforms, means for deforming one end of the preforms to form of intermediate moldings are arranged, with multi-part blow molding devices with blow molding devices and ejecting, wherein the axes of the preforms held are parallel to the axis of rotation of the turntable extend and the deformation devices movable in the axial direction of the preforms Have molded parts. The machine according to the invention is characterized by the fact that it is arranged one behind the other of first heating devices for heating the ends of the preforms to the deformation temperature or welding temperature, deformation devices for deforming both ends, second heating devices for heating the intermediate molding line to the forming temperature, blow molding devices, Ejector, holder for transporting the preforms by grasping them from the outside and Holder for transporting the intermediate blanks by grasping them from the inside.

In order to achieve better efficiency, in a further embodiment the first Heating devices are provided with circulating and their heating elements are out of the range before deforming be movable away from the axis of the preform. The heating devices act to heat the ends of the preform preferably on the inner and outer walls of the pipe ends.

In general, it will be advisable to start from tubular cold preforms, the one have a circular cross-section. However, any other cross-section can be used.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, several, preferably three, are synchronously im Fixed speed ratio driven turntables provided, the first turntable a number the holder and the same number of deformation devices with movable in the axial direction Molded parts as well as a subsegment of this first turntable is assigned the first heating device, wherein the second heating devices are assigned to the periphery of the second turntable and wherein on the third turntable a number of the multi-part, in particular two-part blow molding devices and a corresponding number of blown air supply heads and the ejector are arranged.

In this embodiment, in an advantageous further development of the invention, the holders are for gripping of the intermediate moldings from the inside in a manner known per se as the internal moldings of the deformation devices carrying blow pins and are the blow pins for transporting the intermediate moldings or preforms from the first turntable to the second turntable, from the second turntable

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to the third turntable and from the third turntable to ends 1, 2 to a curved bottom flap and one

first turntable with the help of known neck ring reinforcement, an intermediate molding 4 is formed

Transfer devices (B, C, D) movable. has been. The middle part 3 has remained cold

Further improvements and appropriate spending.

Developments of the invention emerge from the sub-5 The cold, tubular preforms 5 are

address. fed to the turntable I at the insertion station A.

An embodiment of the invention is in the On the peripheral table of the turntable I is a

Drawing shown and will be arranged in more detail below a plurality of spindles 6 for storage

explained. It shows all parts of the units serving EI. The stand of the

F i g. 1 is a schematic view from above of the turntable I is denoted by 7 and only partially

Machine with omission of all shown for the explanation. The gear mechanism 8 is used to drive it

of the invention not absolutely necessary parts are provided.

F i g. 2 shows a partial section along line H-II of FIG. 1 On the spindle 6, a holder 9 is attached to the

in an enlarged representation of the device for releasably holding a preform 5 or a

Men of the arched bottom and the neck ring reinforcement 15 intermediate molding 4 is used. He grasps from the outside

effect on the tubular preform, the preform 5 or the intermediate preform 4

F i g. 3 is a partial section along line III-III of only about half, so that the intermediate molding 4

F i g. 1 in an enlarged view for clarification or the preform 5 by a radial movement

the transfer of a loaded with an intermediate blank (radially with respect to the axis of rotation of the table I)

set blow pin from the first turntable to which 20 are moved out of the area of the holder 9

second turntable, can. The intermediate molding 4 or the preform

F i g. 4 is a partial section along line IV-IV of item 5 in the holder 9 with the aid of suction air

Fi g. 1 in an enlarged view of that held on the third, which is supplied via a channel 10 and

th turntable arranged two-part blow mold, on the preform 5 or intermediate molding 4 over

of the associated blown air supply head and 25 a pocket 11 acts on the inside of the HaI-

of the ejector, ters 9 is provided. As soon as the intermediate molding 4

5 shows a view, partly in section, on which are delivered to a transfer device B, C, D

The pocket 11 can also use the duct 10 for the blow pin

6 shows a partial section along line VI-VI to which compressed air is applied.

F i g. 1 in an enlarged view of the type of feed 30 also serve to hold the preform

and removal of the blown air, linge 5 and the intermediate blanks 4 on the circumference

F i g. 7 shows a partial section along line VII-VII of the turntable I holding jaws 12, which on levers 13

F i g. 6, are provided, which are rotatable about the spindles 6

F i g. 8 is a view from above of a transfer. Two of these levers 13 are mirror image

device in the direction of arrow VIII of Fig. 3, 35 Hch equal to each other and on each side (in axial

F i g. 9 seen a partial section through the fork-shaped direction of the spindle 6) of the holder 9-

Lifting device according to line IX-IX of FIG. 4. The holding jaws 12 including their he-

According to Fig. 1, the machine has three rotary at 13 are controlled with the help of rollers 14, which

tables I, II and III, which are rotatably mounted on a common pin 15, not shown in detail

presented way with the help of gear drives 8, 57 syn- 40 and by means of a rod 16 in a way not shown in detail.

can be moved chronologically in a fixed speed ratio to one another in a radial direction,

be driven. The drive machine itself is also in a plane that is defined by the axis of rotation of the

not shown for the sake of simplicity. Turntable I and the axis of the spindle 6 goes.

The turntable I serves as a deformation table, the roller 14 itself works with cam surfaces of the

Turntable II as a final heating table and the turntable III 45 levers 13 together, which consist of cam tracks 17,

as a forming table or blow table. 18 with opening branch and closing branch together

The deformation table I has to put on its perimeter. The act in the area of the opening branch

a plurality of units EI, the individual lever 13 with a large angle against the rollers 14, so

details in Fig. 2 and in the left part of FIG. 3 that large opening paths with a short roller stroke

are shown. 5 ° result. The act in the area of the locking branch

In a corresponding manner, the turntable II has lever 13 in the clamping position at a very flat angle

its circumference a plurality of units EII, against the rollers 14, so that large closing forces

which are presented in detail in the right part of FIG.

and finally on the circumference of the In FIG. 5 a blow pin 19 is shown in more detail.

Turntable III a plurality of units EIII 55 represents. The individual blow pins 19 are of the

arranged in detail in a larger view of turntable I after each of these blow pins 19 with

in Fig. 4 are reproduced. an intermediate molding 4 has been occupied to the

The three turntables I, II and III are continuously transferred to turntable II. After the interim

drivable. On the turntable III are z. B. 18 moldings 4 and in particular their middle one, previously cold

units EIII, while ^{part 3 remaining on the turntable I 6o is set} to the forming temperature

36 units EI and 72 units have been heated on the turntable II, the blow pins 19

th EII are arranged. carried intermediate moldings 4 to the turntable III

Accordingly, the turntable I is delivered with the. Here the intermediate molding becomes 4

half speed and the turntable II with the four- the final desired hollow body, in particular

speed of the turntable I driven. 65 a bottle, blown. The hollow body is of

In FIG. 2, the unit EI has been removed in some way from the blow pin 19 that

development shown, in the straight from a tubular- on the blow pin 19 back to the turntable I-

gene preform 5 will be given by deforming its two. The individual blow pins 19 thus lead

9 10

during the work process a closed one against the corresponding surface of the blow mandrel carriage

Is pulled away from the turntable I over the turntables II and 42.

III back to turntable I. In the lower part of the blow mandrel car 42 is a

The blow pin 19 is mounted axially displaceably by means of a cylindrical bushing 48 as shown in FIG. One as a feather drischen mandrel holder 20 provided, the one circumferential 5 49 trained energy storage strives to a

Groove 21 to absorb axial forces and to shoulder 50 of this bushing 48 against one of one

Implementation of the transport of the blow mandrels 19 on the snap ring formed stop 51 of the socket drilling

shows. On the underside of the mandrel holder 20 a tion 52 is to be pressed. On the head of this socket 48

The mandrel holder 20 is supported by a central bore 22 for the supply of the blown air. As shown in Fig.2

intended. The thorn shaft is divided into three abio it can be seen, in the position shown there the

cuts 23, 24, 25. The lower section 23 is used for the blow mandrel carriage 42 by means of the piston 40 of the cylinder

Guide a vender 39 designed as a neck ring die is pressed against a stop 53, which is controlled by

forming device 26, which is formed with an annular groove 27 to the turntable I itself.

Shaping the neck ring reinforcement of the bottle. The left part of FIG. 3 still shows the units

forms is. The middle section 24 has outlet 15 ΕΪ of the turntable I, while the right part of this

holes 28 and is used to loosely guide the figure, the units £ Ή of the turntable II shows. Of the

Preform 5 or the intermediate form 4. Too much larger part of the circumference of this turntable II

For this purpose, the middle section 24 is occupied with a heating device 54, the one

square cross-section, from the surfaces of which a large part of the intermediate molding 4 encloses.

29 exit the outlet bores 28, while the 20 units EIII of the blow molding table III are on

Corner edges 30 the preform 5 or the intermediate spindles 55 similar to the spindles 6 of the turntable I.

molding 4 lead. stored. The turntable III has individual parts 56 *

At the upper end of the blow mandrel 19 is an as and is driven via the toothed gear 57. The % mandrel tip formed deformation device 31 individual units £ 111 of the turntable III have attached. It represents the inner mold half of the bottom 25 on a transfer holder 58 which is attached to the spindle 55 in the form of the hollow body, in particular the bottle. The transfer holder 58 has a deformation device 32 designed as an outer mold half of the externally open recess or pocket 59, the bottom mold via channels 60 with an air vacuum or via which one end of the preform 5 can be connected to a pressure source. In the drawing the arched bottom is reshaped and welded. Around here 3 ° F i g. 4 lays the mandrel holder 20 of the blow mandrel 19 to restrict metallic heat conduction, which is against a corresponding recess of semicircular mandrel tip of low mass or is made possible by the application of a vacuum due to the shaped cross-section in the transfer holder 58 and the formation of the middle section 24 the pocket 59 lent contact is reduced. held. Axially, the mandrel holder 20 is in the

The outer mold half of the bottom mold is (see the 35 transfer holder 58 held in that his

F i g. 2 and 3) interchangeable on a mold half groove 21 in a corresponding projection 61 of the

Carrier 33 is arranged, which is axially displaceable with the aid of transfer holder 58. The blow pin 19 is of

an auxiliary power device that can be acted upon on both sides is inserted into the transfer holder 58 from the outside,

device 34 is arranged on the spindle 6. The auxiliary On the spindle 55 are also two opposing

power device 34 is mounted on the turntable £ 1 40 rotatable blow molding devices 62 are mounted,

and designed as a cylinder 35, the two sides of which serve to accommodate blow mold inserts 63,

thrown piston 36 via a piston rod 37 to the blow molding devices 62 and the blow molding unit

the mold half carrier 33 engages. Sentences 63 are divided into a plane that is defined by the

In the same axis of the auxiliary power device 34, the axis of the spindles 55 and the axis of rotation of the rotary fj however, on the lower side of turntable I, 45 table III is going through it. At each blow molding facility further auxiliary power device 38 is arranged, the device 62 each attack two levers 64 on the axis are also mounted as a cylinder 39 with a spindle 55 acting on both sides. The blow molding equipment failed Piston 40 is formed. This piston 40 gene 62 and its lever 64 engage in a mirror image via a piston rod 41 on a blow pin. You are dared with the help of rollers 65 42, which controls axially displaceably on the spindle 6 50, which is rotatably mounted on a pin 66 is arranged. are, by means of a rod 67 in the radial direction

The blow pin 42 has a central one that can be moved radially. On the levers 64 of the blow mold

externally open recess 43; the inner surface directions 62 are curved tracks 68, 69 provided,

this recess 43 has an approximately semicircular which work together with the rollers 65. Each of the

long pocket 44 provided, which optionally via Ka- 55 cam tracks 68, 69 has an opening branch and

sew 45 to a negative air pressure or positive pressure a closing branch. Along the opening branch

source can be connected. The levers 64 act at a large angle against the upper sight

kel 46 of the blow mandrel carriage 42 has a radial roller 65 to allow large opening paths with a short RoI-

Groove open on the outside, in which to reach the lower section Ienhub. Along the closing branch we

23 of the blow pin 19 is retractable. Above this 60 ken the lever 64 with a very shallow angle against the

Leg 46 lies in the area of the turntable I, the rollers 65 in order to generate large closing forces in the clamping position

to achieve deformation device designed as a neck ring die.

device 26. In order to retract the neck ring die in On the spindle 55 of the turntable III is

To enable this position, the upper ones have an auxiliary power device 70 attached to the

Surfaces of the leg 46 have a bevel 47. 65 consists of a piston 71 which is in a cylinder 72

In the transverse direction, the blow pin 19 is thereby movable back and forth and on both sides by one

held that the pocket 44 can be acted upon with negative pressure- pressure medium. The piston

is hit, so that in this way the mandrel holder 20 71 is on its piston rod 73 on a blown air

11 12

feed head 74 attached. In it is a blown air In the transfer device B the further

feed nozzle 75 arranged to be axially displaceable. or transfer of the one spring 76 that has become free in the turntable III endeavors to place the blown air supply blow mandrels 19 on the turntable I. For this purpose, nozzle 75 is used against a transfer wheel 90 on the bias air supply head. Because it is possible and convenient, 5 formed by a snap ring, the turntable I with ζ. Β to press the double stop 77. The bias air supply head must occupy the number of units EI , the 74 with the blown air supply nozzle 75 can from below turntable I have half the speed as that against the mandrel holder 20 under the interposing turntable III. The different circumferential vibrations of a sealing washer 78 are pressed; in digkeit is in the transfer device B by the in F i g. 4, the blown air has taken the transfer wheel 90 with the non-uniformity drive feed nozzle 75 somewhat contrary to the effect of the. The principle of the irregularity spring 76 is moved back so that blown air is now also driven into the blown air feeder F i in the case of the transfer devices C via their channel 79 (the blown air supply is used here and D. As is not particularly shown in the left part) G. 3 results, the blow mandrel carriage is approximately nozzle 75 able to occur. 15 42 already in its withdrawn position. In the-

Finally, on the turntable III there is a further retracted position capable of the blowing mandrel auxiliary power device 80, which also as carriage 42 with its recess 43 accommodates the mandrel holder cylinder 81 with a double-sided, by pressure 20, the piston acted upon by the blow mandrel carriage 42 medium 82 is formed. The (see Fig. 4) is about the same height. After the piston 82 is connected via its piston rod 83 with a 20, the transfer of a respective blow pin 19 from the rotary ejector 84, which via a channel 85 table III to the turntable I in the area of the Überan an air-vacuum and / or air Overpressure device B is done, the heating source can be connected. of the two ends 1, 2 of the preform 5 from the inside

The mode of operation of the machine and the external means of the heating device 89 will now be described. 25 is set from a bunker, not shown, until both ends 1, 2 have been heated approximately to welding temperature by a conveying and temperature also not shown. At a suitable place between sorting device of any known type of construction see the transfer devices B and C, pipe sections or preforms 5 with the same dimensions as an example of an example on the unit £ Ic according to the one channel 86 (see Fig. 1) of the insertion station A trains- Fig. 2 the seduction takes place while the machine is running. The "four-toothed" 30 men of end 1 to the bottom and end 2 to the wheel 87, rotating to the left in the example, takes over a pipe section or preform 4 in one of its semicircular neck ring reinforcements for the purpose of forming the intermediate recesses 88. For this purpose, the Mandrel holder molding 5. After rotating the wheel 87 by 20 with the blow mandrel 19 by means of the blow mandrel carriage 180 °, the preform 5 is pressed into the upper stop position of a holder 9 of the 42 in the turntable I opposite, which rotates clockwise with the slide 35 Blow mandrel carriage 42 rotates against the stop 53 rather circumferential speed. At this of the turntable I lays. The neck ring reinforcement switches the recess 88 of the wheel 87, which is directed towards the turntable I in the manner of an open die, to "open" or formed that the lower, sufficiently heated "compressed air", while the pocket 11 of the Holder 9, end 2 of the preform 5, into the annular groove 27, which is connected to the suction air source via the channel 10 and is pressed 4 ° deformation device 26 by being sen. This results in the transfer of a pipe section or preform 5, which has remained cold and rigid, to a unit £ I of the preform 5 rigidly from the holding jaws 12 turntable I. Guide devices (not shown) and the levers 13 are held in place. Immediately for the correct height position of the preform 5. then the curved base is molded on. This type of transfer and takeover applies to all in the manner of a local pressing process. In their stations too. During the transfer of the blow gap, which could be formed by the deformation device 19, the delivery and takeover also at 31 and 33, the arched space is magnetically formed and welded, in particular with the help of electrical ground. The temperature magnet, take place. slope runs so that the part of the outer edge-Immediately following the transfer of a 5 ° zone of the pipe section, the most heavily formed preform 5 to the unit EIa (see Fig. 1), has welding temperature and gradually in the Unit £ 16 the clamping of the preform goes down to the lowest temperature of the bottom lings 5 with the help of the holding jaws 12, the lever 13 near the original cylindrical middle and the pressure rollers 14. Part 3. There is the piece of pipe that is now to the intermediate half of the circumference of the turntable I 55 has been molded 4, a temperaist enclosed by the heating device 89, the door, which is below the softening point,
as a radiant heater, hot air heater or high- In order to be able to form wrinkles through unsupported reversible frequency heaters and to avoid both the shape of the end 1 for the bottom part on the inner and the outer wall of the front, the blow pin 19 had a higher position, and molding 5 acts. Here only its outside play corresponds to the higher position of the air or to the ends 1, 2 lying half of the retaining jaws 12, which heats between the stop 51 and the shoulder 50 in the F i g. 2 is present. When the mold half carrier 33 moves downwards, the force gives way Fig. 2). Im back. After a sufficient solidification of the area of the units £ Ia and £ I & are not yet any intermediate molding 4 formed in this way, blowing pins 19 are present. together with his blow pin 19 in the over-

13 14

transfer device C transferred to the turntable II, reaching solidification by cooling, the line, which essentially has a heating device 54, is directed to an air outlet channel along which the air being held by the blow pins 19 is closed. The blow molding devices 62 will be moved on NEN intermediate moldings 4. now open, and the ejector 84 pulls the finished Shortly in front of the transfer device C, namely at 5 bottle away from the blow pin 19, as if with a dash-and-dot unit oath, the clamping of the middle lines in FIG. 4 is indicated. This is lifted out of the moldings 4 by means of the holding jaws 12 in accordance with the position in FIG

shaping device 32 and the piston 40 are fed directly to the or a filling line that Blowing mandrel carriage 42 in its retracted position leads back to an automatic filling machine, have been moved. For this purpose is also the case of the described form system, which one

Connection of the channels 10 of the holder 9 allows the very compact design, the blow mold vacuum source have been interrupted, so that the devices 62 as cylindrical half-shells from intermediate molding 4 from its in the F i g. 2 shown formed and take cylindrical blow mold th position in the in F i g. 3 position shown back- 15 63 on. This allows the shape to be moved in a very useful manner. Connect in the position of engagement of the transfer cooling. The blow molding devices 62, device C, are taken over by a turnstile 91 with a circumferential speed that is worked into its inner cylinder and which is necessarily the same as that with one advance for the coolant supply. Because this forced molding 4 is occupied by a blow pin 19 and transfers the paths to the outside, they can simply be placed 180 ° to one of the receiving recess 92 ao. The shape of the hollow body can be applied to eindes rotary table II. When retracting the blowing ways by changing the Blasformdornes 19 comparable in the field of Blasdornwagens 42 inserts 63 in the Blasformeinrichtungen 62 * falls, the deforming means 26 to be on the changes. ^

Mandrel holder 20 back, so that in this way the Die F i g. 6 and 7 represent one of several similar ones below Opening of the intermediate molding 4 released 35 borrowed rotary valves, which are used to control, which leads to an improvement in the heating of the averaging of pressure, suction and exhaust air as well as of Intermediate molding 4 leads. Pressure and coolant to the three rotating

The residence time in the heater 54 of the tables I, II, III can be used. Similarly, only turntable II is larger, the more intermediate, correspondingly smaller, rotary slides are accommodated in the overforms 4. Therefore the 30 dispensing devices A, B, C and D are arranged. The possible distance to be fully utilized so that part of the turntable is on the outer ring 93, and four times as many units EU are arranged in the off-turntable II as part of the turntable III. The net are how on the turntable III units JSIII channels 94 and 95 lead to the individual blower are arranged. The speed of rotation of the turntable ΙΠ thorns 19 are therefore connected to the duct 79 of the blown air is accordingly four times as great as that of the feed nozzle 75 in FIG. The turntable II. Ring 96 is fixed during operation and is with

The preform 5 is uniformly brought to the deformation temperature 98 by the heating device, an exhaust air segment 97 and a blown air segment 54, which is brought over a certain range, e.g. B. with PVC hard to about 110 ° C. of the ring 96 extend. The blown air segment 98

In the transfer device D (see FIG. 1), the blow pin 19 with the heated intermediate mold is connected to a compressed air source via a bore 99 and a pipe 100. The waste air 4 to the blow segment 97 formed by the turntable III is passed on via a bore 101 in the dialing station. Immediately after the end of the operation, the stationary ring 96 and one of the blow pin 19 and intermediate molding 4 at the bore 102 in the ring 103 with the outer |

the turntable III will add the associated two-part atmosphere or one to the outer atmosphere Blow molding devices 62 closed (see Fig. 4), generating line in connection. The ring 96 is true however, the deformation device 26 becomes fixed during operation, but can within limits adjusted or rotated in its lower part, in the right part of FIG. 3, for the purpose of adjustment position shown. Immediately after becoming. For this purpose is in a ring 104, the At the end of the blow molding devices 62, the deforming 50 is immovably connected to the turntable III, mation device 26 of the mandrel 19 is arranged by an adjusting spindle 105, which is approximately tangential the mandrel holder 20 fork-like comprehensive lifting device with respect to the axis of the turntable III (see FIG. 9) starts in the manner shown in FIG. The adjusting spindle 105 engages with a bolt striking position the blow molding device 62 pressed. threaded end 106 in a threaded hole 107 of the Thus, the intermediate shape 4 is in the neck part against 55 stationary ring 104 and points to the outside the blown air sealed. With the side protruding upwards, a key end 108 appears. aside from that the lifting device is shortly before the stop, the adjusting spindle 105 has an annular groove 109, in Position also the blown air supply head 74 with that of the flattened end 110 of a bolt 111 a blown air supply nozzle 75 by means of the piston that engages, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotary auxiliary power device 70 extends to the bore 22 of the 60 table III and is mounted in the ring 96 lower end face of the blow pin 19 connected. is. By adjusting the adjusting spindle 105 it is During the remaining distance to raise the Ver possible, the ring 96 within certain limits shaping device 26 serving lifting device to rotate and thus also the switching positions gives way to the blown air supply nozzle 75 within the adjust. This adjustment is possibly also Blown air supply head 74 under tension of 65 possible during operation. For a pure Spring 76 back. Adjustment would mean an adjustment of the outer ring

This blow pin 19 will now suffice with compressed air against 93 of the rotary valve. The F i g. 6th serves. After inflation and an off and 7 show only as an example the control of the inflation

air. The other controls can be provided in the same way. If a turntable I, II, III requires several controls, the corresponding rings are to be arranged one above the other.

Alternatively, the rotary slide valve can be used for the device explained above with radial sealing an axial seal can also be selected.

Crosswise arranged slides 112 of the transfer device C (see Fig. 8) have at their end Rollers 113 or pins that engage in a fixed, preferably circular groove 114 that is eccentric attached to the axis of rotation of a slide carrier

are arranged in which the slides 112 are slidably mounted one above the other and the uniformly this axis revolves. The circular groove 114 is formed so that only one roller 113 each Slide 112 is performed. The chord length of the groove is at the inlet point 115 and outlet point 116 114 is the same as the distance between the roller axes of a slide 112.

The groove 114 continuously changes the effective radius of the slide 112. This allows the different Circumferential speeds of the turntables I, II, III are compensated.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

109 586/92

Claims (21)

Patent claims: 1. A method for producing hollow bodies, in particular bottles, from thermoplastic Plastic, in which a cold preform grips in the form of a tube open on both sides, essentially heated over its entire length and keeping one open and closing it its other end is deformed into a bucket-like intermediate molding and then the intermediate molded article grasped from the inside is brought into a blow mold surrounding it and in it is inflated to the desired hollow body, characterized in that the cold preform (5) first from the outside in middle area between its ends (1, 2) detected, then only the two ends (1,2) Deformation temperature or welding temperature heated and then welded to one The bottom or the mouth of a bottle, then the intermediate molding (4) to a deformation temperature which is below the deformation temperature and is required for inflation heated and then inflated. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that only one end (2) of the preform (5) deformed into a bottle mouth and immediately afterwards the other end (1) in a known manner into a hollow bottom shape is pushed in. 3. The method according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that the to be deformed Ends (1, 2) of the preform (5) are heated differently over their length, and although between a temperature corresponding essentially to the welding temperature of the plastic at its outer edge and one below the softening temperature of the plastic Temperature at its end lying on the unheated part of the preform. 4. Machine for the production of hollow bodies according to the method according to one of the claims 1 to 3 with at least one turntable, along its circumference devices for holding and for the transport of the preforms by gripping them from the inside, devices for heating of the preforms, means for deforming one end of the preforms to form intermediate preforms are arranged are, with multi-part blow molding devices with blow molding devices and ejectors, the Axes of the preforms held extend parallel to the axis of rotation of the turntable and mold parts movable in the axial direction of the preforms by the deformation devices have, characterized by the series arrangement of first heating devices (89) for heating the ends (1, 2) of the preforms (5) to the deformation temperature or welding temperature, deformation devices (26, 31, 32) for deforming both ends (1, 2), second heating devices (54) for heating the intermediate moldings (4) to the deformation temperature, Blow molding devices (62), ejectors (84), holders (9) for transporting the preforms (5) for gripping from the outside and holder for transporting the intermediate moldings (4) by gripping them from the inside. 5. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the first heating devices (89) and their heating elements out of the area before deforming the axis of the preform (5) can be moved away. 6. Machine according to claim 4 and / or 5, characterized in that several, preferably three, turntables (I, II, III) driven synchronously in a fixed speed ratio are provided, the first turntable (I) having a number of holders (9) and the same number of deformation devices (26, 31, 32) with mold parts movable in the axial direction as well as a partial segment of this first turntable (I) is assigned the first heating device (89), the second heating devices (II) being assigned to the circumference of the second turntable (II) 54) are assigned and wherein on the third turntable (III) a number μ of multi-part, in particular two-part blow molding devices (62) and a corresponding number of blown air supply heads (74) and ejectors (84) are arranged. 7. Machine according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the holder for gripping the intermediate moldings (4) is formed from the inside in a manner known per se than the internal mold parts of the deformation devices (26, 31,32) carrying blow pins (19) are and that the blow pins (19) from the first turntable (I) to the second turntable (II), from the second turntable (II) to the third turntable (III) and from the third turntable (III) to the first turntable (I) with the help of known transfer devices (ß, C, D) are movable. 8. Machine according to one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the blow pins are movable by means of an auxiliary power device parallel to the axis of rotation of a turntable, characterized in that each blow pin (19) of a blow mandrel _Λ carriage (42) is carried against a on \ the turntable (I) arranged stop (53) with the auxiliary power device (38) is movable, and that an outer mold half of the deformation device (32) for shaping the bottom is movably arranged in the same axis by means of a further auxiliary power device (34), wherein the holders (9) for gripping the preforms (5), viewed in the direction of the axis of the turntable (I), are arranged between the two auxiliary power devices (34, 38). 9. Machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the blow mandrel (19) relative to the blow mandrel carriage (42) by means of an energy store (49) against one provided on the blow mandrel carriage (42) Stop (51) is movable. 10. Machine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the blow mandrel (19) by means of the outer mold half of the deformation device (32) against the action of the energy storage device (49) can be moved against a stop. 11. Machine according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the blow pin (19) before handing over to the second 3 4 Turntable (II) formed from the open holder (9) with connections in the form of grooves can be moved out. while one with the turntable (I, II, III) 12. Machine according to one of claims 4 connected ring (93) with channels (94.95) entbis 11 with an auxiliary device for speaking of the number of supply points axial approach of a blown air supply 5 is provided. head to the 22 carrying the intermediate molding. Machine according to claim 21, characterized in that Blow pin and an auxiliary power device for indicates that the fixed ring (96) in Removal of the finished blown hollow body is adjustable from its radial position.
the blow pin, characterized in that the Blow molding devices (62) coaxially with the io two auxiliary power devices (70, 80) arranged are net. 13. Machine according to one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that the holder The invention relates to a method and a (9) and the blow molding devices (62, 63) with 15 machine for producing hollow bodies, insbetels Auxiliary devices are movable, the special bottles, made of thermoplastic material, substantially perpendicular to one through which a cold preform in the shape of a two-axis of the turntable (I, III) laid level side open pipe detected, essentially on ganeanendet are. zer length heated and keeping his 14. Machine according to one of claims 4 to 20 and closing its other end to one to 13, characterized in that the holder is deformed bucket-like intermediate molding and there- (9) and the blow molding devices (62) rotatable according to the intermediate molding detected by them in one is arranged around spindles (6, 55), the blow mold of which is brought around it and is inflated in it to axes parallel to the axis of the associated hollow body desired.
Turntables (I, III) run. It is known such hollow bodies, in particular 15. Machine according to claim 14, characterized in that bottles are produced by a blowing process, that the holder (9) and the blower are immediately in the middle of an extrusion press form devices (62) associated lever (64) extruded tube using a blow mold is blown into the desired hollow body with the aid of radially movable rollers (14, 65), controllable via cam tracks (17, 18; 68, 69) 30 Here it is also known to have several hoses are. to extrude at the same time, which work alternately 16. Machine according to claim 15, characterized in that the blow-molded batteries are blown into bottles. that the cam tracks (17,18; 68, den. It is also known to use a strand 69) Press on a steep and a flat section of extruded tubing on a stepped or conical basis. 35 continuously operating rotary table machines to 17. Work machine according to one of claims 4, to which the hose is fed tangentially to 16, characterized in that it will. It is also known (German Auslegeschrift Turntable (I) with twice the number of 1 206 571), a tube-shaped bottle blowing machine, units (£ 1) is filled like that of the blow molding unit 40, open on both sides, made of thermoplastic preforms carrying the turntable (III) and with the plastic feed and this in the blow molding machine half the speed as the latter rotates. to be heated to the deformation or welding temperature 18. Machine according to one of claims 4 men and to blabis in the desired hollow body shape 17, characterized in that the second sen. However, the hollow bodies are produced Turntable (II) to which the second heating device. 45 not free of waste. gen (54) are assigned, with the double number. A method is also known (USA patent number is occupied by units (EU) like the script 2 792 593), with the tubular one on both sides Open preforms made of a thermoplastic synthetic turntable, carrying preforming devices (26, 31, 32) (I) and with half the speed like fabric stuck over a blow pin, in a heating insert running around. 50 direction to deformation or welding temperature 19. Machine according to one of claims 1 to be heated, whereupon by an axially movable to 18, characterized in that the rotary deformation device at one end of the front table (I, II, III) by toothed gears (8, 57) a floor is molded so that a are positively connected to each other. Intermediate molding is created, and then the 20. Machine according to one of claims 17 to 55 intermediate moldings into the desired hollow bodies to 19, characterized in that between molds are blown. The reliable formation of the turntables (I, II, III) transfer device of the bottom when closing the end of the Vorgen (B, C, D) are provided, which for the purpose of molding is likely to be difficult, however, since the deforming device is set when adjusting unequal circumferential speeds the temperature-heated material of the preform, which tends to give way at the same angular speed, is formed on the welding of the turntables (I, II, III) as a gear. In addition, there are different circumferential speeds on the forming device, cutting edges for smoothing the loose. NEN end of the intermediate molding provided. 21. Machine according to one of claims 4 The invention is based on the object of providing a Verbis 20, characterized in that the operating 65 drive that, starting from a cold medium from the fixed axis of the rotary preform, an efficient production can be fed in from single tables (I, II, HI), with a fixed ring (96) being molded in a known manner in intervening floors provided with no walls and their further processing to form hollow _r