DE1792145A1 - Metal soaps as granulation aids - Google Patents

Description

Metal soaps as a granulating aid (addendum to the German patent application 5 15 42 058.3) Subject of the German patent application P 15 42 058.3 (corresponds to: C 38 496 TVo / 39b) is a method for granulating as a processing aid or additives for plastics, especially PVC, suitable products, thereby characterized in that powdery inorganic and / or metal soap stabilizers and, if necessary, detergents, dyes, antistatic agents or anti-fluff agents Use of suitable organic products that contain a hydrocarbon residue and whose melting point is above 400C, granulate while adding the mixture Sharp stirring heated above the melting point of the granulating aid and then brings to room temperature with cooling and slower stirring.

Particularly suitable as granulation aids are those products which are usually used as lubricants in plastics processing. They usually contain a long-chain hydrocarbon residue. Preferably Vslrat or esters of petroleum alcohols or synthetic alcohols with at least 6 carbon atoms and letta acids, esters of fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols, also partial esters such as glycerol monostearate, fatty alcohols, corresponding synthetic acids, oxy or Halogen fatty acids.

In addition, paraffins, synthetic paraffins and montan waxes are refined Montan waxes, hardened oils such as hardened castor oil, ester waxes, fatty acid amides, Fatty acid alkylamides, fatty acid alkylamine esters such as triethanolamine distearate, fatty amines, Fatty ketones such as stearone, anhydrides of higher carboxylic acids, alkylphenols and last but not least Longer-chain ethers such as distearyl ether or fatty alcohol or alkylphenol polyglycol ether suitable as a granulating agent. Use 2 - 40%, preferably 7 - 15%, based on the substance to be granulated.

Granulating aids that are very hard at room temperature and the To give granules a brittle handle, suitable plasticizers can be softened will. Hard granulation auxiliaries are, for example, the synthesis paraffins or the refined montan waxes with melting points around 100 ° C or ethylene-bis-stearamide with a melting point around 135 ° C But also lower melting waxes such as z * B. Carnauba wax can be hard and brittle at room temperature. For softening are the usual plasticizers such as mineral oils, chlorinated paraffins, epoxidized oils such as epoxidized soybean oil, but also phthalate plasticizers such as dioctyl phthalate or Phosphate plasticizers such as tricresyl phosphate are suitable.

Inorganic substances can be obtained by the process according to the invention like netalloxide, hydroxide, basic hydroxide, carbonate, basic carbonate like e.g. white lead, sulphates, basic sulphates such as direibasic lead sulphate, neutrals or granulate basic phosphites, basic acetates, etc. alone or in admixture. These compounds are commonly used as stabilizers and fillers for halogen-containing Polymers used.

The method according to the invention enables the plastic processing used auxiliaries, in particular stabilizers and fillers, with the aid the lubricants also used in the processing of plastics to granulate. The composition of the granules can therefore vary depending on the technical Needs to be adapted.

To form the granules according to the method according to the invention the high-melting processing aids and additives, such as inorganic Stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride, fillers and optionally dyes, antistatic agents or anti-flame agents in a high-speed heating and cooling mixer more than 1000 rpm together with the granulating aids to a temperature that is above the melting point of the granulating aid, brought.

With low-melting granulation aids, e.g. tallow fatty alcohol With a melting point of about 48 ° C, this temperature is caused by the frictional heat reached in the high-speed mixer. For granulating aids with a higher melting point. e.g. hydrogenated castor oil with a melting point of about 84 ° C is additionally heated. After the melting point of the granulating aid is exceeded, the temperature is supplied - as far as it was heated - set and the speed of rotation of the agitator reduced to below 700 rpm.

The granules are formed while stirring slowly while cooling. Depending on the stirring speed, temperature and granulating aid, smaller ones are obtained or larger granulates with diameters between 0.1 and 10 mm. The melting points the granulation auxiliaries are between 40 and 150 ° C. The preferred granulation temperatures are between 45 and 55 ° C.

The process according to the invention is not only suitable for granulation of additives and processing aids for plastics, but also for granulation other substances where the granular form offers a technical advantage; for example in the case of fertilizers or fire extinguishing powders that flow freely over long periods of time have to stay, or for titanium dioxide or barite.

It has now been found that metal soaps can also be used as granulation auxiliaries can be used. In Prage come such metal soaps, which thereby are characterized as being able to soften below 180 ° C, at room temperature but represent solid products. one therefore chooses one for each granulation Metal soap that becomes liquid or soft at the temperature at which it is greyed out is.

To carry out the process according to the invention, ammonium soaps are predominantly Alkali soaps, alkaline earth soaps such as magnesium, potassium, strontium or barium soaps, Aluminum soaps, tin soaps, lead soaps, cadmium soaps, zinc soaps or iron, Cobalt, nickel or iron soaps as well as copper soaps are suitable.

From the number of suitable carboxylic acids, there is no restriction wanting to express the following called: unsaturated carboxylic acids such as palmitolein, O1, linoleic, linolenic or ricinoleic acid, as well as unsaturated fatty acids with over 18 carbon atoms; cyclic aliphatic or aromatic single and polybasic carboxylic acids including phthalic acid or naphthenic acids, carboxylic acids, which are in α-position to Carboxyl group have a quaternary carbon atom such as 2,2-dimethylheptanoic acid or 2-methyl-2-propylheptanoic acid or other branched acids such as ethylhexanoic acid; short-chain fatty acids such as caproic acids, generally saturated, aliphatic ones monocarboxylic acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms.

With these granulating aids, practically all substances can be granulated which are solid. In particular, however, the method is used to granulate Pigments, dyes and fillers, fertilizers, washing powders or plastics, e.g. molding compounds or halogen-containing polymers or plastics processing aids like thermal or light stabilizers.

For granulation, the metal soaps are used in quantities of 2 to 40%, preferably from 5 to 20, based on the substance to be granulated, used.

Example 1 15 kg tribasic lead sulfate, 15 kg with calcium stearate surface-treated chalk and 8 kg calcium ricinoleate are heated and coolable mixer at a temperature of about 1200C at 1500 rpm. To Granulation occurs after approx. 10 min stirring time. You stir at a slower speed of about 500 rpm and obtains granules of an average particle diameter of 1.5 mm. These granulates serve as a stabilizer and lubricant during processing from PfC to extruders.

Example 2 15 kg of chalk coated with 2% calcium stearate, 5 kg dibasic lead phosphite and 10 kg dibasic lead stearate are combined with 4 kg of lead oleate, 1.5 kg of barium ethylhexylate and 0.1 kg of the zinc salt of 2,2-dimethylheptanoic acid stirred in the mixer as above at 100 ° C. It is initially mixed in for 15 minutes at 1800 rpm this temperature and then stirred cold with additional cooling at 600 rpm.

The resulting granules have a durometer of 1 mm.

Claims (1)

Method for the granulation of solid substances, in particular of suitable as processing aids or additives for chlorine-containing polymers Products according to P 15 42 058.3, characterized in that as granulating aids Metal sides are used whose softening point is below 180 a and which are solid at room temperature and which, as cations, are ammonium, alkali and alkaline earth ions such as atagnesium, calcium, strontium or barium ions @ aluminum, tin, lead, Contain cadmium, zinc, iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium or copper ions and as carboxylic acids, unsaturated carboxylic acids such as palmitole, oil, linoleic, linolenic or ricinoleic acid and unsaturated fatty acids with more than 18 carbon atoms, cyclic aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids including phthalic acid or naphthenic acid, carboxylic acids which have a quaternary carbon atom in the position to the carboxyl group such as 2,2-dimethylheptanoic acid or 2-methyl-2-propylheptanoic acid or other branched ones Acids such as ethylhexanoic acid or short-chain fatty acids such as Oapric acids or generally saturated, aliphatic, monobasic Carboxylic acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms.