DE1531585A1 - Tanker - Google Patents

Description

VATINTANWXLTI -

DR ₄ E. WIEGAND DIPL-ING. W. NIEMANN 1531585

DR. M. KÖHLER DIPL-ING. C. GERNHARDT

MÖNCHEN HAMBURG

TELEPHONE: 395314 200OHAMBURG 50, September 26, 67

TElEGRAM CARPATENT KDNIGSTRASSE 28 · ■ «··» · ■

w. 13318/67 .'4 / H -

Mobil Oil Corporation, New York, New York (V.St.A.)

Tanker.

The invention relates to an improved design of tankers. In particular, it relates to a Ground training of a tanker * s to avoid the possibility of damage exclude or reduce the cargo tanks in the event that the bottom of the tanker is damaged. The invention relates in particular to a training or Arrangement of cargo tanks and charging pipework for tankers, to allow the cargo tanks to be completely emptied.

_ A problem with tankers is that damage to the soil can cause leaking out of the cargo of the tanker very easily. In addition to the loss of cargo, such a leak can pollute fishing areas and coastlines and endanger shipping lanes. For example, U.S. Patents 1,699 show

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and in 2 979 oo9 the proposal to use the lower part of the hull as a floor for cargo tanks. If that 'part If the skin is punctured, the tank load would flow into the surrounding water.

Furthermore, the deletion of the cargo, e.g. crude oil, shows off a tanker another problem with regard to the complete removal of the cargo and the deposited parts of the plague and other sediments from the cargo tanks. For example, each of the patents referenced above shows tankers, polyhedra, lengthways of the keel have a tunnel to the main loading tube and branch cargo pipes and around the cargo tanks and connect the main loading tubing together. However, the branch charge tubes extend in the execution of these Patents through a longitudinal bulkhead of each cargo tank, to establish a fluid connection near the bottom of the cargo tanks' to accomplish. Therefore, the two known designs do not allow a complete release of the charge or a Release of settled solids and other sediments.

According to the present invention there is provided a tanker which has an inner bottom spaced from the bottom of the tanker skin to be above the To create a space at the bottom of the skin. Continuous transverse and longitudinal bulkheads form cargo tanks above the inner floor. By providing the space below the cargo tanks, becomes the possibility of ripping open the cargo tanks on one Slightly reduced if the bottom damages the skin

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In the invention, ballast tanks are provided half of the tree formed between the inner floor and the tanker skin. Well-known tankers ; had ballast tanks at the same height as the cargo tanks, or they use cargo tanks as, ballast tanks, By providing the cargo tanks and the ballast tanks according to the invention, an improved trim capability is created because the ballast can be selectively controlled, to allow positive trimming of the length and width of at least the cargo portion of the "tanker".

According to another feature of the invention, it is longitudinal of the keel within the tree, that between the inner floor and .the bottom of the skin is formed, a tunnel is provided, Charge manifolds run the length of the skin in the tunnel and branch pipes run within the tree or the tunnel to the bottom of each cargo tank and the cargo manifolds to connect with each other. This design of the drilling connection ensures that the entire load, settled solids and other sediments from cargo tanks can be submitted. Therefore, the dead weight of the cargo can be increased and the transportation cost can be reduced.

By connecting the branching micro-mine to the ground every Ladeta: ilCRV. will have an improved suction option and therefore created a shorter pumping time. Furthermore, the Maintenance of loading tube reduced, because corrosion

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BATH ORIGINAL

diglieh enters on the inside of the pipe work.

Further advantages of the arrangement of the load distribution * Lenden pipes in the tunnel are such that the amount of main piping required is reduced and more convenient Access to the main piping and valves is provided. Embodiments of the invention are shown in FIG Connection explained with the drawing. .

Fig. 1 is a side view of a tanker, the Amidships loading section to starboard path Ghnitten is" -

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the tanker shown in Fig. 1 with the top cover plate removed from the amidship cargo section. : ν
Figv 3 is a section-according to line ΙΙΙ-ΪΙΙ of Fig * I,

"'- and" ■ - ■;.:;, - ■ "■ ^{;: /..;;:} . ; -' / -'- Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a loading distribution pipe system.

In the drawings a tanker skin Io is shown, which has a stern section 11 and bow section 12 which are connected to one another by a loading section 13 located amidships. Two continuous longitudinal bulkheads 14, extend at least over the length of the loading section 13. Non-perforated transverse bulkheads 17 are provided, to divide the cargo section 13 into a row of middle cargo tanks 15 and two rows of side tanks 16. A through-

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going top cover plate -JJ ^ is provided to cover the tops of the middle tanks 15 and the side tanks "16 to complete. "■ -

The longitudinal and transverse bulkheads 14 or VJ can be reinforced by stiffening struts 27. To simplify the drawing, stiffening struts 27 are shown only on the front transverse bulkhead of the front middle tank. In order to provide effective dissipation, the struts 27 preferably have an inclination of 8 mm / m.

The width of the side tanks 16 is preferably smaller than half the width of the middle cargo tanks 15. For example, about midships the middle cargo tanks 15 about 24 m wide and each of the side tanks 16 about broad: to be. ".- ■■■■

A continuous inner floor 18, which is arranged at a distance from the bottom of the skin Io, extends over the width of the loading section Ip and at least the length of the loading section 15 to form the bottom of the middle tanks 15 "and the side tanks 16. The The inner bottom 18 slopes upwards from the center line of the skin Io to both the starboard side and the port side of the skin Io in order to form a kind of sump in each of the middle tanks 15 and the side tanks 16. ■ '

The vertical distance between the keel and the inner floor 18 should be at least about 75 cm. The transverse bulkheads 17 and the longitudinal bulkheads 14 subdivide the space

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that between the inner bottom 18 and the bottom of the skin Io is formed in for permanently usable ballast tanks 19. These permanent ballast tanks 19 are for saltwater ballast provided and have appropriate ventilation pipes (not shown) and saltwater pipes (not shown).

A tunnel 2o runs below the inner floor 18 along the keel 21 at least over the length of the loading section 13. Appropriate access (not shown) to each the ballast tanks 19 are provided in the tunnel 2o. Loading manifolds 23 are arranged inside the tunnel 2o, a liquid charge, e.g. To distribute crude oil in and out of cargo tanks 15, 1β. Connect branch pipes 24 and 25 the lowest part of each cargo tank 1>, 16 and the cargo manifolds 23. The branch pipes 24 for the side tanks Ib run through the ballast tanks 19 to the bottom of the side tanks 16 and branch pipes 25 for the middle cargo tanks 15 run lengthways through the overhead part of the tunnel 2o the underside of the middle cargo tanks 15 · All pipe valves (not shown) can be arranged in the tunnel 2o.

The charge manifolds 23 extend rearward to a pump chamber 26 (Fig. 1). A ventilation for the tunnel 2o can be made that air from the front At the end of the tunnel 20 and the air is discharged through the pump chamber 26. Appropriate lighting (not shown) can be provided in the tunnel 2o.

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The tunnel 2o is preferably large enough to accommodate the Removal of each pipe section either through the pump chamber 26 or a front access (not shown) to enable. For example, it can be 2.4o m high and about 4.100 m wide. A sufficient bevel To create drains from the cargo tanks, the inner floor can. 18 is about 2.4 m above the keel to about Extend 3.6 m above the keel on the port and starboard sides of the skin Io.

Pig. 4 shows a preferred scheraatic training and placing the loading manifolds 25 in the tunnel 2o and the branch pipes 24, 25 »those to the middle and the Side tanks 15 and l6 are running. This pipe system enables the cargo to be distributed between the cargo tanks 15 »16, to create an effective trim position of the tanker, and they also provide means for loading and unloading various liquid cargoes into the center tanks 15 and the side tanks 16. The pipes 23, which are shown in FIG extending to the left are connected to a pump device in the pump chamber 26.

The term "continuous" is used in relation to bulkheads, top covers, deck structure, etc. used to prevent cargo or ballast from to flow through them. The structure described can include hatches, ventilation and pipe connections, as well as other possibilities to have access.

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ORIGINAL BATHROOM

As explained above, the general idea of the invention is to create a space between the bottom of the cargo tanks » 15, 16 and the bottom of the skin Io to minimize the possibility of the cargo tanks 15, 16 being pierced to reduce in the event that the skin Io should be damaged. It is therefore within the scope of the invention, the To form inner floor 18 near the lower ends of the longitudinal bulkheads 14 and the transverse bulkheads 17 and longitudinal and / or transverse bulkheads to be provided to such an extent as is necessary for the space between the inner floor l8 and the bottom of the skin io is formed. It is also within the scope of the invention to have this space up to about the sides to extend the skin io.

The cargo tanks shown in the drawings and described here can still be placed in additional cargo tanks be subdivided, or one or any combination of one or more cargo tanks can be used as ballast tanks be used. It is also within the scope of the invention to provide a single longitudinal bulkhead around the loading section to be divided into port and starboard cargo tanks.

Above was a preferred embodiment of a tanker explained for liquid charge, but it is within the scope of the invention, changes within the scope of the professional Ability to make.

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Claims (9)

-Q- claims. 1. Tanker for transporting a cargo of liquid at sea using a skin and using Bulkheads which form a plurality of continuous cargo tanks within the skin, characterized by parts which forming an interior floor at least partially over the length and width of the skin for between the cargo tanks and to provide a space for the bottom of the skin. 2. Tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that means are provided through which a plurality of ballast tanks is formed in the space. J5. Tanker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that a tunnel is provided which extends at least partially over the length and along the lower part of the Skin extends, and manifolds are provided within the tunnel as well as branch cargo pipes covering the floors of the cargo tanks and the cargo manifolds. 4. Tanker according to claim j5, characterized in that the manifold and branch pipes are connectable to a plurality of cargo tanks. 5. Tanker according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that that the inner floor extends outward and upward from near the center line of the skin to the sides of the skin and that the branch charging pipes are in fluid connection 909884/0100 _BA o - Io - with the lowest part of each of the cargo tanks. 6. Tanker according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized marked that the bottom of each of the cargo tanks, one Contains swamp, and that the Abzv / Eigladerohre with the swamp in fluencyi; be connected. 7. Tanker according to any of the preceding. Claims, characterized in that the tunnel is within the the aforementioned rooms are located. 8. Tanker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plurality of loading tanks v / at least a continuous longitudinal bulkhead and a plurality of continuous transverse bulkheads to the pile above of the inner body; To be subdivided into an inverse number of ladet-anks and that continuous covering means are provided for de La detanks. 9. Tanker according to claim b, characterized by a plurality of Ll.ngsschotts, many port and starboard longitudinal rows voi. Side loading tanks and at least one longitudinal row of medium cargo tanks. 90988 4/010