DE1531125A1 - Load bearing for load lifters, such as elevators or the like. - Google Patents

Description

DipMng. August Boshart Dipi.-ina. Waiter Jackish

Patent attorneys Stuttgart-NJ, MenzelsfraS 40

At the Heilbrunnen 70

A 29 884 - see

Load bearing for load lifters, elevators or the like,

The invention relates to a load lifting device for load lifters, such as elevators or the like, the individual Eragarrae has and can be moved to loading positions at different heights,

Load lifter with load receptacles of the type described above must be provided with fall protection devices that cover the shaft or the ceiling breakthrough in which the!, branch lifter is arranged, secure against access as long as the load bearing is not at the appropriate height, that is, in the corresponding position and the next in the loading position and accessible Load absorption make a fall between their support arms impossible. One serving the latter purpose

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Fuse, which is simple and cheap in its structure, and which can also be retrofitted afterwards, if necessary Can be installed, is the object of the invention. / According to the invention it is proposed that the load bearing with a cover in operative connection stands in such a way that the projected area of the Laäfenaufnahme in the lifting direction of the load lifter is at least one upper loading position is automatically closed at the bottom. Because the access to the shaft or to the floor opening The releasing lock can only be opened when the load is in the associated loading position is located, it is ensured by the solution according to the invention that carelessness when releasing the load, e.g. so-called containers cannot cause the operator to fall when driving in. This would be taken for granted can also be achieved by a cover that is constantly under or between the support arms. However, if the load lifter is designed in this way, then it is subject to legal requirements as an "elevator" Overall construction due to the security measures to be provided then increased to a degree that for pure Load lifter is often not portable. These safety rules but are not required by law if the load bearing does not have a closed floor having.

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In an embodiment of the invention, the cover is in the loading position the load pick-up preferably below this, being movable through / the stroke of the load pick-up

Parts such as panels, slides, compartments, shutters or the like * can be formed. If these parts are designed to be closed, this means that they are simultaneously in the loading position Air circulation in the shaft or through the opening in the ceiling is avoided, so that the often undesirable draft is eliminated

In an embodiment of the invention, the cover can of course but also be formed by parts attached to the load bearing, but only in the respective loading position can be automatically brought into a position in which they cover the load bearing downwards.

In a further development of the invention, ^it can be expedient to provide as a cover a stationary but movable plate attached at the level of the loading position, which is held in the closed position in the loading position of the load pick-up by a bracket provided on this. In an embodiment of the invention, the plate is advantageously pivotably arranged on a ceiling penetrated by the load lifter, on a shaft wall or the like, namely in such a way that

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that it is in the loading position by a guide provided on it is supported on a bracket attached to the load frame. This guide can be designed as a rail with advantage be that close to the pivot axis of the plate with this

is connected and «related to the blocking layer of the plate, over this runs and is essentially oblique to this extends. With regard to the function of the guide, a form has been found to be useful in which the rail in its area adjoining the plate has a section which is strongly inclined towards this and which is approximately parallel to this running section passes over and on

path

which is connected by a section running diagonally from the plate O

Since the plate serving as a cover may have to absorb greater forces and especially at higher lifting speeds of the load lifter may be subject to almost sudden stresses «can be implemented in the development the invention would be appropriate «the Flüaang to stiffen forming scfajme by cross connections to the plate, which can be formed in the simplest way by a transverse pjatte.

The holder for the plate forming the cover can be attached to one of the arms of the load pick-up

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Attached stop be formed with advantage a roller attached to each outer side facing away from the further arm is formed.

compulsorily

According to the invention, the automatic pivoting of the flats provided as a cover can thereby be » enough that the guide provided on each plate when lowering the load bearing from the loading position on the Bracket slides and protrudes with released, hanging plate in.die path of movement of the bracket, so that at Movement in the opposite direction, ie towards the loading position, the holder automatically slides into the guide and as a result, the plate swivels into its shut-off position. Of course, it is also possible within the scope of the invention and with regard to large covers, so for example plates of great length even expedient, on both arms of the Provide load bearing brackets for the cover. The arrangement of the covers and the ones necessary for them Brackets are designed to be particularly simple, if the plates with their pivot axes run transversely to the arms; however, a parallel course of Arms and swivel axes, especially when «loh your arms in

parallel planes with the guide (s) of the load lifter * extend, be quite advantageous. With such an arrangement, the cover can also consist of several parts at any time. be formed, whereby a structurally special one » multiple solution results when two opposite and as a cover

--η Q approx

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on their facing away from each other seldom pivotable hinged plates are provided «

In an embodiment of the invention, a part that is approximately perpendicular to the plate can also be used as a guide, that is to say for example a bracket should be provided «for the load pick-up into the path of movement when the load is outside the loading position which protrudes on this bracket provided. With this kind of training it can be useful « to provide the holder with a damping element or to support it resiliently in order to dampen the contact shock.

In the context of the invention, however, it is by no means necessary that the Halternng always be designed as a separate part Rather, it can also be formed by a part of the load bearing itself, such as an arm.

In another, within the scope of the invention Form of training that is characterized by particular simplicity and which allows a largely shock-free lifting of the plate forming the cover / can

a bracket '

be attached to the plate / with the system provided on it that protrudes laterally beyond this,

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in the movement path of one provided on the load-bearing device Haltuns engages, which is formed by a misshapen bracket, the web inclined against the system is. A design of the system as a bolt, but in particular as a role, is particularly advantageous in this Pail.

Another, simple and very space-saving, in the frame The solution lying the invention is characterized in that the plate-shaped cover is concentric to her Pivot axis is connected to a gear, which is arranged in the movement path of a on the air intake The rack is located so that when the load pickup is retracted into the respective loading position, it is also automatic the pivoting of the cover results in its blocking position. This solution can be found anywhere in particular Use with advantage where charging positions are provided on several floors. In simple catfish can be namely a pivoting of the cover into its blocking position both when driving upwards and downwards as a result achieve that per pivot axis of the cover two Gears are provided, each of which, however, is connected to the plate in a rotationally fixed manner in only one direction the opposite direction can rotate freely. By locking these gears in opposite directions and by engaging the racks associated with the gears on different sides of the gears

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this can be achieved in a simple manner.

Another, possible and advantageous solution within the scope of the invention is characterized in that the plate-shaped pivotably attached cover near its end opposite the pivot axis with a deformable tension element "such as a rope" a chain " is connected to an oil arm or the like the movement path of the load pick-up is tightened with the swiveled-out cover and that in the movement path a «when the load is moved into the loading position, the traction means gripping bracket. The bracket can also here in a simple catfish by means of a bolt be educated "who is preferably on a wound up" is attached above the support arms protruding upward support.

In an advantageous embodiment of the inventive concept, it is also _{proposed for loads "which are only accessible after opening a lock f} to couple the cover to the lock via a connection" so that the cover is automatically swayed into its locked position when the lock is opened. The wounding between the barrier and the cover can be done in an expedient manner by means of a crank drive ©, cable drives, lever connections or appropriate combinations, with any gear ratios

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form "Regardless of" whether the lock and / or the

- near © cover stationary or to which loads / are attached » The proposed solution can be a simple one Securing of the load bearing can also be achieved in all those cases in which several «charging positions are provided on different floors Load bearing attached cover can this »within the scope of the invention designed to be windable, so for example be formed by a roller shutter. Furthermore, the cover can also be attached exclusively to the connection to the barrier are »so that they are not only panned over the connection» but also Getragex | is

In an embodiment of the invention, it can furthermore be advantageous to have a plate-shaped, pivoted, on the load pick-up to provide a bare cover, which is designed so that it when the load pick-up is moved into its loading position, it can be reconciled into its blocking position by resting on a stationary stop.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to execution examples. Show it

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909832/0756

Fig. 1 shows the arrangement of a load lifter in the region of - Reckendurebjbruckes and JsugeJ & ise load receiving in a) · loading position, in which it from this ceiling "loadable 1-.Yc ₃ wherein said ceiling opening by serving as a fall protection, o ^! fcsfoat arranged and closed cover P is only closed when the load is in the diagonal loading position,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the arrangement according to Fig .. .1.,

Fig. 5 to Pig. 6th

further embodiments of covers in schematic representation.,

Flg. 7 shows an embodiment in which the cover

is movably attached to the load bearing,

Fig. 8 to Fig. 10 Ausführungsfor-men, in which the cover stationarily

is attached and depending on each control the access to the Lastaufnahrae in their loading position final lock, and

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Pig, 11 an embodiment in which the cover via a crank with the in access to the load; -support lying lock is connected and is also supported by this crank connection.

The load lifter, which is partially shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, has a load pick-up with a frame 3 as a arm 2

Fraa, has, on which ends / ttrina 1 running transversely to them are arranged, which have a U-shaped cross-section and which at the same time serve as guide rails for containers that can be moved onto the load-bearing device, which are not shown here. In addition to the approximately horizontally extending frames 2, the framework 3 has approximately vertically extending supports 4 which are connected at their upper end by a cross brace 5 and to which several guide rollers 6 are attached, which slide in rails 7. In the present exemplary embodiment, the rails 7 are attached to one of the edges 12 of the deodorant opening 13. The lifting devices provided for moving the load pick-up are not shown here and can be formed by means known per se for this purpose. Of course, within the scope of the invention, the arms 2 of the frame 3 can also directly form the support arms for the load, but this is not shown here.

The ceiling break 13 is usually what is still here is not shown, by fences, enclosures or the like. Shielded so that it is out of the loading position

ORIGINAL 909832/0756 - 12 -

- as shown here - not moving loads is accessible. In the shield, however, must be a barrier, For example, a door, a barrier or the like can be provided which can only be opened as soon as the load bearing has reached its loading position, in which, as here shown, the arms 1 level with the surface of the ceiling 14 lie.

"The load bearing as such shows a deviation from elevator cabins or the like. No closed floor area, but

fr * «or frame is only formed by individual forraeC1. This results in a certain danger for the persons in need, especially when loading and unloading. This is excluded within the scope of the invention in that a cover serving as a fall protection is provided below the load bearing, which cover is formed by two plates 9 in the exemplary embodiment. The plates 9 are supported via hinges 20, that is to say pivotably against the edge 12 of the opening 12 in the ceiling 14. Near the soles 20 guides 10 are attached to the plates 9, which are formed by rails. The rails then run and the plate 9 over a section 15 / based on the position shown, alternate upwards, then go over and run into a section 16 running close to parallel & u da & Plft & sn 9

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in a section 17 running obliquely upwards and away from the plate. In the position shown, that is, in the The plates 9 are in the loading position via the guides 10 supported against brackets 11 formed by clumps, which are here attached to the side of one of the arms 1 · Of course, such Brackets are provided and the plates 9 are accordingly supported on both sides «For stiffening of the guides 10, these are each supported on their longitudinal side remote from the arm 1 by a transverse plate 18 with the corresponding Plate 9 connected.

If the load is taken from its loading position shown, in the mobile container or the like. In the direction of arrow 8 on the load bearing or the arms 1 be pushed on, which is facilitated by the guide pieces 19 provided near the edge 12 of the ceiling 14, downwards drained, the plates 9, which are supported by their guides 10 on the brackets 11, pivot afterwards down and come into an almost vertical position in which the guides 10 obliquely inward in the stroke of the Load absorption protrude in such a way that they lie in the path of movement of the brackets 11. Will the load bearing is now in the opposite direction, i.e. in

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Move upwards towards its position shown, the brackets 11 come against the guides, and although preferably against derri section 17 to the plant and subsequently slide, this together with the plates 9 swiveling at the same time, along this egg until the position shown is reached. The device described here is an automatic covering of the Load bearing reached down in their respective loading position.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the plate an approximately perpendicular to this stop part which is formed approximately by a bracket attached to the plate can be attached. The stop part 21 acts when the load bearing is retracted into the loading position as well as in the loading position of the load pick-up itself a holding device 22 the plate 9 taken over the stop part 21 and in the loading position of the load bearing also held. The pivoting movement of the plate 9 takes place in this case Embodiment, based on the same lifting speed, is substantially faster than in an embodiment according to FIG Flg. 1 and 2, in which the inclined guide means that the cover plate 9 is almost shock-free the bracket 11 ensures 1st. Around

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To reduce shock loads in the present embodiment, The holder 22 can be formed by a damping element or also damping against the load receptacle be supported.

4 also shows an embodiment in which the plate-shaped Cover 9 is pivotably attached to the ceiling 14 via a hinge 20 and in the case of the plate 9 a stop part 2J is provided, which by a on the Plate 9 attached bracket 24 and an attached, laterally over the bracket protruding system 25 is formed. D ± o * Appendix 25 is at the load bearing, to the side attached to an arm 1, one as a U-shaped bracket 26 trained holder assigned, whose web against the hand of the ceiling opening, and thus against the pivot axis the plate 9 is too inclined, so that here too a

NS

more gradual acceleration when turning up the plate-shaped Cover 9 results. The system 25 can advantageously be designed as a role and it can in particular also be supported elastically, so that a smooth and even exposure of the Cover 9 results.

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In the embodiment according to FIG. 5 can be pivoted on the on the ceiling 14 attached cover plate 9 a deformable tension element 27 attached in the form of a rope, what the illustration here does not show that when the cover plate is swiveled out of the path of the load receiving device, it is tightened as a rope, chain, articulated arm or Like. Trained tension element 27 is in its length for this purpose dimensioned so that it is, if a symmetrically arranged

ge

^w second plate 9 is provided, with flats pivoted down just stretched between these extends »If only one plate 9 is provided, the tension of the tension element take place on the side facing away from the plate 9 against the ceiling 14. Now the load bearing is from below into your Raised loading position, the pulling element 27 of a holder 28 protruding laterally beyond the load pick-up, which is attached to a on the load pick-up Support 29 is attached. As a result, the plates 9 are pivoted upwards and in the loading position of the load pick-up according to the dimensioning of the support 29 and the Zugelenentes 27 held in an almost horizontal position.

The execution bell according to FIG. 6 is concentric to the pivot axis 20 of the plate-shaped cover 9 a gear «50 ao arranged that a rotation of the same

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a pivoting of the plate-shaped cover 9 to Consequence. For this purpose, a toothed rack is attached to the load pick-up, which comes into operative connection with the toothed wheel 30 can «so that when the load frame is retracted into its loading position by engagement of the rack 31 in the gear 50 the plate 9 is pivoted up independently. These Embodiment can be designed in a simple manner so that it can also be used for designs where the load bearing has several loading positions on different floors and where thus both when driving up * * and when driving down the load absorption when moving into the, loading position the plate-shaped covers 9 in their Lock position must be pivoted.

In the embodiment straight Flg. 7 is in contrast to the embodiments described so far, the plate-shaped cover 9 on hinges 32 on the Load bearing, e.g. on a front frame 2 appropriate. The pivoting of the cover 9 into its blocking position when the load bearing is retracted into its the respective loading position is automatically achieved in that the edge of the plate facing the ceiling 14 comes to rest against a ceiling-mounted stop 33,

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so that the plate 9 is pivoted from its hanging position (not shown here) into the blocking position shown.

With the execution plates geroäss Pig. 8 to 10 are, in turn vorgö- 9 w see which are pivotally connected to the ceiling 14 stationary., Plate-like covers. These are, however, operated not depending on the position of the load pick-up, but depending on the access to the load pick-up preventing locks 35, in such a way that when the respective locks are opened 35 # and thus when the access is released to take the load, the cover 9 is brought into its blocking position. Doors, barriers or the like can serve as locks 35. The connection between the respective lock 35 and the

Covering can take place via cable drives, crank drives, linkage connections or the like, as shown in the exemplary embodiments. A more detailed description of these connections, in which translations are preferably also provided, should be superfluous »Embodiments of this type are particularly suitable for use in all those cases » in which the load bearing has several loading positions on different stookworks. Within the scope of the invention it is of course also necessary to provide the locks on the load pick-up itself.

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In FIG. 11 a further embodiment is shown in which the flat cover 9 different from the previous ones Embodiments neither pivotable on the ceiling 14 nor is attached to the load bearing »in the - rather the Cover 9 directly through the parts producing the connection to a barrier which, in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 6 to 10, are only used for pivoting serve to cover, is also worn «In the rest it is Of course, it is also possible to form the cover by compartments, shutters or the like. Furthermore, besides pivotable or covers that can be rolled up, also covers that can be slid on rails or are guided in some other way to use.

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Claims (1)

A η s ρ r U C he Load bearing for load lifters, vile elevators or the like., has on the individual support arms and in / different Loading positions at height can be moved, characterized in that the load pick-up (1 to 5) with a cover (9) in operative connection, such that the projected area in the stroke direction Load bearing at least in an upper loading position is automatically closed downwards. 2. Load bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover (9) below the on close / s (1 to 5) is provided. 2. Load bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the cover (9) by in the stroke of the load receiver (Ibis 5) movable parts, such as Plates, slides, compartments, shutters or the like. Is formed. 4. Load bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (9) by a Fixed, but movable plate attached at the level of the loading position is formed, which is in the loading position of the load orders (1 to 5) by one at this provided holding (11) is held in the locked position. 909832/075 6 _BATH Al 5. Load bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that that the plate (9) can be swiveled on a ceiling (14), on a shaft wall or the like, penetrate the load lifter arranged 1st and in the loading position via a guide (10) provided on it on one of the load receptacles (1 to 5) attached bracket (11) is supported 1st. 6. Load bearing according to one of the preceding claims « characterized in that the guide (10) is formed by a rail which is close to the pivot axis (20) the PJatte (9) ndfc this is connected via this runs and extends essentially obliquely to this. 7. Load bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that that the guide (10) in its area adjoining the plate (9) is strongly inclined towards the latter Section (15) which merges into a section (l6) running approximately parallel to the plate (9), adjoined by a section (Ij) running obliquely away from the plate. 8. Load bearing according to claim 6 or 7 » characterized in that the rail forming the guide (10) is stiffened by cross connections (1Θ) to the plate (9). 909832/0756 BATH ORIGINAL 9. Load bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that that the guide (10) and the plate (9) duroh one Qiierplatfce (l8) are connected. 10 · Load bearing according to one of the preceding claims * characterized «that the holder (11) by a stop attached to one of the support arms (1) is formed. 11 · Load bearing according to claims, characterized thereby, that a roller attached to the outer arm side facing away from the further arm (1) serves as a holder (11) is provided. 12 «Load bearing according to one of the preceding claims, . , a ~ or characterized in that the cover (9) is in several parts is trained. Load bearing according to claim 12, characterized in that two opposing and pivotally hinged plates (9) are provided on their sides facing away from one another. Load bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the on each plate (9) provided guide (10) when lowering the 90 9 8 32/0756 BATH Load pick-up (Ibis 5) from the loading position to the Bracket (11) slides and with released, starving plate (9) in the path of movement Bracket (11) protrudes. 15. Load bearing after one of the previous tests, characterized in that on both support arms (1) of the load bearing (1 to 5) brackets (11) for the cover (9) are attached. 16. Load bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support arms (1) run transversely to the pivot axis {20) of the plate (s) (9). 17. Load bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as a guide an approximately perpendicular to the plate (9) and in the movement path the bracket (22) protruding into the bracket (22) is provided. 18. Load bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holder of a Part of the load bearing is formed. BATH ORIGINAL 909832/0756 19. Load suspension according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the plate-shaped Cover (9) is provided with a bracket (24) with a system (25) projecting laterally over it which is in the trajectory of the lifting of loads, or the holder (26) provided on it protrudes. 20. Load bearing according to claim 19, (characterized by that the system (25) is formed by a bolt, 21. Load suspension according to claim 20, characterized in that that the system (25) is formed by a role. 22. Load bearing according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the holder (26) is formed by a U-shaped bracket, the web in which the loading position of the load bearing is inclined towards the system (25). 25. Load bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate-shaped cover (9) concentric to its pivot axis (20) with a gear 00) connected 1st, which is in the Movement path of a rack (31) arranged on the load bearing is located. 909832/0756 _aA D 24, load bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate-shaped pivotably attached cover (9) close to its the Pivot axis (20) opposite end is connected to a deformable tension element (27) which at swiveled out of the trajectory of the load receptacles Cover (9) is tightened and in the movement path of one when moving the loads would take the pulling element (27) holding bracket in the loading position, 25 »Load bearing according to claim 24, characterized in that that the holder (28) is attached to the load eye? Assumption attached bolt is formed. 26. Load bearing according to claim 25 »characterized in that that the bolt (28) is mounted on a support (29). 27. Load bearing according to one of the preceding claims, recording
where the. / is accessible only after opening a lock, characterized in that the cover (9) is connected to the lock (25) and when you open the lock (35) automatically in their Spar position is pivotable. BATHROOM OHiGINAL 909832/0756 id 28. Load suspension according to claim 27, characterized in that that in the connection between the lock (^ 35) and the cover (9) is a translation. 29. Load bearing according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that that lock (35) and cover (9) are "arranged stationary. 30. Lasfcenaufnähme according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (9) is arranged on the load bearing. 31 «Load bearing according to one of the preceding claims)., thereby gskennselehnet that the lock (35) is stationary and the cover (9) is arranged on the load receptacle and that the cover (9) with the lock (35) is in operative connection in the respective loading position. 32, load bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pivotable plate-shaped cover (9) is arranged on the Laot holder is, which is designed such that when retracting the load bearing in its loading position can be pivoted into its blocking position by bearing against a stationary stop (33). BAD Ofti ^ IHAL 909832/0756