DE1509682A1 - Low-dust, light grid disc body with highly effective thermal insulation - Google Patents

Description

Patent registration

Dr. CO, Meiners, "Jooo Stuttgart-S, Immenhofer Str. 83 Dipl.-Ing.Heinrich Pfannkuch, 8000 Munich-Pasing

Berrsche Str. 16

Ing.Fritz Schnebel, 8201 Greimelberg Post Frasdorf, (Chiemgau) House No. 75

Versta-qbimgsarmer light raster Scneiberucörper with höohst- ^ ¹ Virksamer Wärmedämnung.

The invention aims to create a component that meets a number of requirements that were previously considered to be incompatible fulfilled, namely

Glare protection, thermal protection, i.e. high thermal insulation, sufficient transparency, directed or directed Lx permeability, aging resistance, Low maintenance, high static resistance, especially flexural strength, high sound insulation.

This element should be a solid element, the thickness of which, for most purposes, should not be greater than the thickness of the b &lcaY> tt-fce ". Poppel composite glass panes. ' £ ■' -

The prior art includes a number of plate-shaped components, but each of which only represents a part of the above. Meet requirements ..

“AD ORfQfNAL

909806/0748 -Sheet 2 - ^

23

For dimming artificial light sources Haster and hast lamellas are available; however, they are accumulating dust in the corners of the Grid and exposed on the lamellar webs as well as on their surfaces. Furthermore, those known in practice are subject to Haster in the material or in the paintwork of the material used a disadvantageous yellowing .. Furthermore, the previously known knobs or lamellae

Dimming for lights to accommodate artificial light sources not suitable for shielding the heat radiation of the light sources with increasing illuminance levels has a disruptive effect in modern workspaces.

For dimming the sun and sky light at the light entry openings of buildings, preferably the side windows, skylights, shed roofs, etc. So far, plates of various types are available.

The following is a breakdown of the essentials State of the art given, with the properties associated with each named agent are specified.

e f

Vacu-Schallum insulation

(Heat insulation)

Own
societies
Acquaintance
plates a
light
by-
casual-
speed b
By
sighted
speed C.
Fade
manure d
Stowage
exercise Isolating
glass "Ther- yes
mopaine " Yes no Yes Double
disc
with aluminum ^3a
cell honeycomb
grid Yes conditional Yes

no

little

no no

fr ¹ H Ό P Λ F f · * "■ ¹ ^ s C- * ü w ti UO / ü / 4 B

- Sheet.

COPY

BATH

Bu / iZB

Ί5Ü3 68 2

properties

Well-known records

a b translucency speed

Dimming

Dustiness

e f

Vacuum Sehall

(V7ärme- * insulation insulation)

* Thermo · lux double pane with fiberglass

4 «Temperature foil patent Schweig. Eberspäeher factory

5.Vaeuum glass panes, French

• Patent 1 004 019

6, Vacuum build plate Pat. Ann. J 6i} 1 / 47a

Yes

no

no

little

no

no

little

no

no

no

7 «. Laminated glass windows with blinds

3 a

no

no

little

Other techniques, such as in window curtains blinds _t, sense aperture occurs for dusting nor the Hachteil considerable TJnterhaltskosten, such techniques also bring a reduction in the influence of daylight with it. . . -

The plate-shaped body combined according to the invention a number of features known per se with a new advanced effect.

- sheet 4 -

909805/07 46. ·

BAD ORIGINAL Copy

4537/06 ₁ , _nnco . 4- July 25, 1965

The light grid disc body according to the invention consists of two or more preferably the same size or congruent transparent plates, preferably glass panes, it carries in the space between two such panes of glass or between two adjacent glass panes a honeycomb grid, in particular one made of rectangles or Squares (cells) existing grid with corresponding webs, also the plate-shaped body is in its entire edge border with a vapor diffusion-tight Connection of the adjacent spaced glass panes provided, after all, the interior space is between evacuated from the discs, thanks to the feature that the web height of the grid is equal to the clear distance of the Glass panes is the pressing against one another of the panes from these panes by means of a vacuum with the grid (i.e. with the bars stressed by pressure) a statically rigid, highly resilient and in particular significantly rigid structure generated.

Purely for the rigidity of the entire element, it is important that the grid standing between the panes of glass is able to generate thrust due to increased friction coefficient transferred to. The more the grid has shear forces due to the adhesion between its webs and the glass panes from the outer to the inner pane of a window and vice versa, the greater the effective moment of inertia of the total element.

According to the invention, the front edges that come into contact with the glass panes are therefore made special

. - sheet 5 «

90980 5/0746, »ad original

4537/06 - 5-23 July 1965

adhesively, e.g. by roughening such as sandblasting, ran, Haster embossing or similar or by etching or by laying on or sticking a very thin rubber layer, for example, which, for example, may be painted or sprayed on as a rubber solution that dries later. In the latter In the 2nd case, the layer is therefore very thin, so that there is practically every relative shift between Easter and slices remains avoided.

• Preference is given to creating a vapor diffusion-tight connection using the Thermopaine method, in which a sealing strip is soldered onto fused copper strips that are located on the inside of the glass edge surfaces of the panes>. When creating the vacuum for the purposes of the present invention, the lead web will be pierced at a suitable point. For the purpose of attaching an evacuation tube or the like. The bars of the notches or the grid can and must have small communication openings from cell to cell, for example in the form of notches on the support bar edges or in the form of perforations in the bars themselves.

A plate-shaped body according to the invention produced according to the combination mentioned clearly fulfills the following Conditions: .

The light grid is sealed dust-tight, the light grid is through the extraction of oxygen in the body and otherwise in the atmosphere, if applicable

'The aggressive substances contained in it are largely top remuneration

^BATH ORIGINAL

ί ⁵ ^ ⁰⁶ icnocQo " ⁶ - 23 July 1965 ν.

the light grid can be assembled in large pieces the size of a window pane without gluing,

the Liciitraster has a low thermal conductivity and "forms thermal bridges in the evacuated tree with only low heat transfer,

the light grid lets through the clear openings of the ' Honeycomb light in the room or in or out of lighting fixtures,

the light grid allows through the clear openings ■ in the honeycomb a sufficient view to the outside,

the light grid effects excellent light guidance and diffusion through the opal colored webs of the honeycomb and dimming,

the light grid body in its entirety has • a maximum by means of its vacuum (heat isolation) effective degree of thermal insulation,

the light grid body has excellent sound insulation.

⁽ The invention is shown in the drawing, and

although show in detail

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a plate according to the invention, ■

Pig. 2 shows a section approximately according to II-II of FIG. 3 shows a section similar to Pig, 2, but with

slightly changed dimensions,

Pig. -A is a plan view of a grid, seen approximately according to arrow 4 of FIG. 1 with the upper pane removed,

Fig. 5 again shows a section with some dimensions, 6 shows a platform clamped in a frame. !

909805/074 6 _{BAD 0RIGINAL} - sheet 7 -

According to FIGS. 1 and 2, the body has a conveyor disk 1 and a rear disk 2 (for example silicate glass panes) which are parallel to one another at a certain clear distance. A vapor diffusion-tight edge seal is formed between the panes 1 and 2 on the outside of the hands using the Thermopine system. As is known, this is produced in such a way that a copper st tire 3.4 is melted onto the inner surfaces of the two disks 1.2, and then a lead web 5 is inserted between these two copper strips 3.4 and connected absolutely tightly with solder 6 will. The grid body here has, for example, square cells, that is to say with webs 7 - and 8. The webs - can each be provided with notches 9, 10, but indicated holes 11 can also take their place. These organs 9 * 10, 11 serve to ensure the uniform evacuation of the entire interior between the discs 1 and 2 during evacuation, which is for example pierced at a single point of the lead web 5 # cte ^{r 2 ^ for this purpose} to back up. After the evacuation, as already mentioned, the lead bridge 5 is completely closed again.

■ Figs. 3 and 4 do not need to be explained in more detail. In Fig. 4, the grid cell dimensions x, y are indicated, which are of course variable. Pig.5 ^shows that the body according to the invention is an extremely rigid body. The parts 1, 2, 7, 8 are rigidly connected to one another by the vacuum and act in the manner of a rigid carrier with a neutral zone Z _n with a distance ζ of the bands 1, 2 (compression and tension band). Due to the strong inherent stiffness ■ 909808/07 * 8

4537/06 HP ₁ QSQ ₀ -8 - 23- July 1965

Bu / KB I O U υ Ο ο Ζ

raster, the rigidity is increased. The dimensions a, b, o can be for example

a = r 26 mm

b = 12 plus 7 «19 mm

c = 7 ßutt;

elements 1 and 2 may be crystal glass of category 6 to 8 mm.

"The two-sided front edges 7a (Pig. 5 ^ and &) of the

Easters 7 * 8 are made or designed to be compared to the smooth disk surfaces touching them 1,2 have a sufficiently high coefficient of friction ", as already mentioned" above.

It may be mentioned that the usual Theropaque disc a heat transfer rate of K- 2.63 Kcal / m / b / ° C Has. In contrast, the plate according to the invention is below Requirement for a 90 ^ igen evacuation K «0.553 ·

The stress with wind suction, for example with wind suction arrows S in FIG. 6, leaves those who are not evacuated Plates strongly bend the outer pane (corresponding to 2 of Pig. 6). In the case of the plate according to the invention, this is Influence practically zero, as can be seen from the following "consideration, but also from the experiment: When viewed a plate of 1m area and at 90 ^ iger Evacuation loads on the pane 2. From left to right (Fig. 6) pressure of a total of 9000 kg. The highest wind drafts S, which were observed in aerodynamically poor high-rise buildings, amounted to approx 200 kg / m. In this case, the disk 2 is therefore from

a differential pressure of 9OOO minus 200 = 8800 kg / m ² 909.805 / 0746 bad original _ _{sheet 9} _

still influenced from left to right, it "remains." so together with rester 7 * 8 "and disk 1 a rigid one Structure without effective bending, bulging or the like. In addition, it is largely a load-bearing element which, due to its rigidity, may only require weaker frames than previous panels.

Incidentally, the total carrier is calculated from FIG.

moment of 97 $ 7 cm, that is about thirty-four times that of a thermopain disc with the same dimensions.

The sound insulation is in the best sense nooh through

the bending stiffness influences} the body is a

t
Rigid, even buckling-resistant unit with higher dimensions and less deflection, so the element itself vibrates less and also transmits fewer vibrations. The number of natural vibrations, which is changed compared to known panes, is probably also significantly involved in the favorable sound properties.

It should also be mentioned that depending on the choice of the values χ and y (Fig. 4) in relation to the clear distance the panes 1 and 2 a masking of direct light rays takes place with an angle of incidence of, for example, 45 ° or less, 40 ° or less, 30 ° or less strike the pane from the outside.

The discs 1 and 2 can be thinner than usual be chosen for the plates, since the whole plate has now become a rigid whole element. This leads to Manufacturing cheaper.

BAD ORiGlNAIs. Sheet 10 -

80080-5 / 0746

4537/06. - 10-2Y. July 1 f45 '-

In the following, nooli tin is an example of the manufacturing process of plates according to the Irfindung.

An opal white-colored light grid 7 , 8 of low overall height, preferably made of plastic and formed from webs, small honeycombs, is provided with translucent, preferably clear, glass on both sides. ben, preferably silicate glass, covered. These panes 1, 2 are connected to the edges so that they are vapor-diffusion-tight 5, 6 and form a unitary body with the light grid enclosed by them. After assembly, this body is placed under negative pressure by means of extraction of air to the extent that the lowest possible heat transfer is achieved. In order to technically facilitate the technique of Vaouum formation, the light grids have a special feature. In contrast to all previously known light grids, the bars of the grid contain small holes or groove-like incisions, by means of which air is extracted from one side (edge) of the body over all honeycomb braids (cells) in one operation. The subject matter of the invention can be produced in various sizes suitable for the intended use, the grid connection having a further special feature. Grid pieces, limited in size by the Pertigungs-Guß- or Sprita-FormteiIe, are glued together according to previous technology. Gluing grid. In addition to increasing the price (manufacturing costs), sharing has the decisive disadvantage that adhesives lead to particularly strong yellowing at the seams. When connecting grid parts to

- Sheet 11 90980 5/074 6 bad original

According to the present invention, the connection of the Baster pieces follows larger areas through the depression in the body, that is, to put it the other way round, Gixxoh d «, roa Aulen

acting overpressure. . ·.

Furthermore, possible applications will follow given as examples. .

Lighting sector

Dimming and shielding of lighting fixtures, of built-in lighting in suspended ceilings as Liohtband or light ceilings. In luminaire construction, the Y / ug asserts itself to increase the effect of the people with it the luminous flux of the * artificially borrowed light sources without shielding geechloeiener When to step down freely let and only to "avoid blinding lamps" eeitlioh shield. But the higher the BeleuohtungsniTeaui at the lower the height, the greater the thermal load on working people, the greater the load on an air conditioning system that may be installed. To avoid this heat effect, the subject matter of the invention is used, which has the advantages of a high degree of lighting efficiency with excellent glare connects, however, the adverse effect on heat through its Vacuum thermal insulation is eliminated. Same as Bum installation In lighting fixtures, the Q-Ieiche applies to installation of recessed ceiling lighting.

Summaryi Installation of high and highest illuminance levels without the adverse effects of heat and with minimal maintenance costs, since the internal parts that for the direction of light and glare control

Are protected from dust. - sheet 12 -

BATH ORIGINAL

4537/06 -cnQOQÄ- 12 - 2Y. July 1965 bu / kb 1509682

Construction sector

Dimming, heat and sound insulation at light entry openings: The following areas of application are highlighted, in which the pensters have little prospect hindrance by the built in the subject matter of the invention Light grid not as annoying, but even as desirable can be viewed and also the prevention of outside insight into the room through the Lioh grid is beneficial.

1. For industrial glazing, side windows as well Skylight and shed.

2. When building a school. No insight into the Paterre trees, little Distraction of the students by the, environment.

3. When building a hospital. No outside view, because that The light grid acts like a curtain.

4. When building swimming pools and sports halls, no outside view.

5. Staircase glazing, no outside view.

6. Prison cells.

Special port steps that occur with the installation of the subject matter of the invention can be achieved, are among others also in the following economic factors:

a) Portfall of expensive and otherwise often required

"Additional dimming devices such as curtains, blinds, sun visors, canopies and the like.

b) Low maintenance, since the object only has smooth, glass surfaces has -all other parts used for dimming are enclosed dust-proof and resistant to aging.

909805/0746 ' ^{B1 & tt} ^'

BATH ORIGINAL

4537/06. - July 13-23, 1965 ' Bu / EB

c) Use much thinner, lighter and cost-saving Glass material compared to the usual insulating glass. At the same time, however, great flexural strength is achieved by means of the vacuum on the built-in light grid. Due to the atmospheric contact pressure not only the moment of inertia of the individual outer pane of the body, but that of the entire element

effective. Formula J »- proves it

the eminent progress. In the formula, are

J moment of inertia (cm)

h slice thickness (om)

b pane thickness (cm)

use the following values for comparison! I. External label "Thermopaine"

b 's -100} XL 3 0.7

II, Keue disc

j laO, 4i.es for the sake of effective disc. distance = 1.1

»- 100 '0> ⁴³ » 1.06 on ⁴

12 ^

I _fe = 40 χ 1.1 ² a 40 x 1.1 ²

² = s 48.3 χ 2 s 96.6, to be added.

so
= 97-7 cm ⁴

(where: factor 2 »number of slices in a unit}

fa area = 100 χ 0.4 a 40 om ² ) comparison:
2.86: 97V7 »^ Qi new Soheibe 24-fold moment of inertia assuming a friction coefficient of BAD ORIGINAL · *: '."

4537/06 _ _{n n} _ _ft * -14 - 23 * July 1965

only JiV = 0.3 still remains 10 times (despite the thinner pane).

d) The improvement and progress of the thermal insulation lies in the reduction of the heat transfer value E to approx. 0.5 - With normal insulating glass, the K value is still 2.7 kg.cal./m per h in C.

e) Almost complete reflection of the heat rays by the Opal bars of the light grid, as the heat rays naturally do not fall horizontally or almost horizontally and step through the honeycomb openings, but at an angle Angle from above on the bars of the grid.

f) Avoidance of heating of the body by the fact that no heat transfer through the vacuum from the outer pane can be done on the inner part and the inner pane. Advantage e.g. compared to composite windows with built-in Louvre.

g) The evacuation of a Q-laser body in one operation, as the so-called ¹¹ spacers "required for this, here formed by bars of the light grid, are characterized in that these bars create an air connection between all the honeycombs by means of holes or grooves .

The airtight, even vapor-diffusion-proof closure of the glass plates is known in the art and can be used for this purpose be used.

The progress made with the subject of the invention is evident from the enumeration of the foregoing points of view is achieved..summaryj am a component that

9Ö9805 / 0746 - sheet 15 -

BATH ORIGINAL

Light entry openings in the building sector, light transmission -and transparency combined with an extremely high level of thermal insulation.

Apparatus construction sector

Heat and cold insulating walls are used in various heat retention devices or refrigeration technology which, according to the current state of the art, close off the room in such a way that it can be viewed from outside not possible. The object of the invention is a heat and cold insulating light plate, -which light- and looks transparent. For example, a refrigerator or a cold room or freezer can be provided with a door or a lid leading from one of the . Subject of the invention corresponding plate (disc) consists. This gives the opportunity to aiöh. a To provide an overview of the goods in the room without opening the door or the lid of the device - with loss of cooling air - to open.

- sheet 16 -

BATH ORIGINAL

909805/07 46

Claims (11)

4537/06 Claims M Λ Consists of two or more spaced apart ^ - ^ glass panes and a grid element between them Plate body, characterized by the overall combination of the following features: The body consists of several, for example two Glass panes (1,2) which are arranged parallel to one another at a distance, an inherently rigid vice structure (7,8) is arranged between the disks (1,2), the peripheral edge zone is all around the entire body sealed vapor diffusion-tight, the cells of the grid are in communication with each other, for example via notches (9, 1o) or bores (11) of the webs (7,8) of the grid body, the interior space between the discs (1,2) is high evacuated. 2. Plate body according to claim 1, characterized g e. k e η η draws, that the vapor diffusion-tight closure through melted or vapor-deposited inner edge covering layers (3, 4) made of metal, for example copper, formed iat, furthermore by an uninterrupted circumferential Lead or metal web (5), which is sealed with the edge covering layers (3, 4) by continuous soldering beads (6) connected iat. . BAD ORIGINAL sheet 1? - 909805 / 07A6 ' J 3. Plate body according to claim 1 und'2, characterized shows that the louvre is made of opal white There is colored plastic, with intersecting and, for example, at right angles crossing webs (7,8) whose Height is equal to the distance between the discs (1,2), . with notches (9, 10) in the support edges of the webs. and / or bores (11) are provided in the webs themselves are. 4. Plate body according to one or more of the preceding "claims, characterized in that the body as a result of the pressure against one another created by the vacuum of the plates (1,2) or the clamping of the grid created in this way. (7,8) between the disks Ό, 2) is formed into a static unit. 5. plate body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact surfaces between the web edges (7 _t 8) on the one hand and the disc inner surfaces (1,2) on the other hand, of adhesives, and Kittmitteln dergleichen.frei. 6. Plate body according to one or more of the preceding Claims, in particular naoh claim 1, characterized thereby. indicates that the front edges of the grid (? a) • are designed and treated in such a way that they Surfaces (1,2) have a high coefficient of friction, eg by roughening or duroh applying a very. thin layer of a non-slip material such as ζ. Β, rubber. · ■ - Sheet 18 - · 909 805/07 46. BATH ORIGINAL 7. Process for the production of the vacuum in the interior of the Body according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the lead web or the like. (5) a bore or opening is made, possibly several, and then through this hole, if necessary after flushing the Interior with dry gas or dry air in the interior a high vacuum is produced and then said opening (5) or said openings (5) are tightly closed, for example soldered. 8. Application of the body according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 as a shielding or shielding body for Lighting fixtures. ' 9. Use of the body according to one or more of the claims 1 to 6 as a window element. 10. Application of the body according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 as a window element in devices. 11. Use of the body according to one or more of the following Proverbs 1 to 6 as a load-bearing or self-supporting static component in constructions. ORlGfNAL 9 0 9 8 0 5/0746