DE1596881B2 - INFRARED OPTICAL GLASS WITH VERY HIGH REFRACTURES IN THE INFRARED SPECTRAL RANGE AND EXTREMELY OPTICAL LOCATION IN THE VISIBLE SPECTRAL RANGE AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURING - Google Patents
INFRARED OPTICAL GLASS WITH VERY HIGH REFRACTURES IN THE INFRARED SPECTRAL RANGE AND EXTREMELY OPTICAL LOCATION IN THE VISIBLE SPECTRAL RANGE AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURINGInfo
- Publication number
- DE1596881B2 DE1596881B2 DE19661596881 DE1596881A DE1596881B2 DE 1596881 B2 DE1596881 B2 DE 1596881B2 DE 19661596881 DE19661596881 DE 19661596881 DE 1596881 A DE1596881 A DE 1596881A DE 1596881 B2 DE1596881 B2 DE 1596881B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- infrared
- spectral range
- percent
- weight
- optical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WKMKTIVRRLOHAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);thallium(1+) Chemical compound [O-2].[Tl+].[Tl+] WKMKTIVRRLOHAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910003438 thallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000413 arsenic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960002594 arsenic trioxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- KTTMEOWBIWLMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diarsenic trioxide Chemical compound O1[As](O2)O[As]3O[As]1O[As]2O3 KTTMEOWBIWLMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YAFKGUAJYKXPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-J lead tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Pb](F)(F)F YAFKGUAJYKXPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005308 flint glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/12—Silica-free oxide glass compositions
- C03C3/253—Silica-free oxide glass compositions containing germanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/12—Silica-free oxide glass compositions
- C03C3/23—Silica-free oxide glass compositions containing halogen and at least one oxide, e.g. oxide of boron
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft infrarotdurchlässigc optische Gläser mit sehr hohen Brechzahlen im infraroten Spektralbereich und extremer optischer Lage im sichtbaren Spektralbereich.The invention relates to infrared transparent optics Glasses with very high refractive indices in the infrared spectral range and an extreme optical position in the visible Spectral range.
Für die Herstellung optischer Systeme, die im infraroten Spektralbereich korrigiert sind, gelten hinsichtlich der Farbkorrektur die gleichen Bedingungen wie bei optischen Systemen, die im sichtbaren Spektralbereich verwendet werden sollen. Das heißt aber mit anderen Worten, daß für die Herstellung derartiger optischer Systeme Gläser mit sehr unterschiedlichen Brechzahlen und Dispersionwerten zur Verfügung stehen müssen, wenn hinsichtlich ihrer Korrektionseigenschaften hochwertige Objektive verlangt werden. 1SFor the production of optical systems that are corrected in the infrared spectral range, the same conditions apply with regard to color correction as for optical systems that are to be used in the visible spectral range. In other words, however, glasses with very different refractive indices and dispersion values must be available for the production of optical systems of this type if high-quality lenses are required with regard to their correction properties. 1 p
Man kann diese infrarotdurchlässigen Gläser mit verschiedenen optischen Werten mit den Krön- und Flintgläsern im sichtbaren Spektralbereich vergleichen. Es stellt sich dabei .allerdings heraus, daß im infraroten Bereich Gläser mit hoher mittlerer Brech- ^o zahl im allgemeinen eine geringere Dispersion aufweisen als die Gläser mit niedrigerer mittlerer Brechzahl. These infrared-permeable glasses with different optical values can be used with the Krön and Compare flint glasses in the visible spectral range. It turns out, however, that im infrared range glasses with high average refractive ^ o number generally have a lower dispersion than the glasses with a lower average refractive index.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft speziell solche optischen Gläser mit hoher Brechzahl, die außerdem im sichtbaren Spektralbereich optische Werte aufweisen, die mit den bisher bekannten optischen Gläsern noch nicht erreicht worden sind. Infrarotdurchlässige optische Gläser mit ähnlichen optischen Werten, wie sie in der Erfindung angeführt werden, sind an sich bereits bekannt. Sie enthalten normalerweise als Glasbildner Germaniumoxid. Zur Variation der optischen Werte sind dabei Bleioxid, aber auch Lanthanoxid, Tantaloxid, Bariumoxid und Aluminiumoxid verwendet worden. Insbesondere sind bereits Gläser bekanntgeworden, die zumindestens aus 97 Gewichtsprozent Germaniumoxid und Bleioxid bestehen.The present invention particularly relates to such high refractive index optical glasses as well as the in the visible spectral range have optical values that are similar to those of the previously known optical Glasses have not yet been achieved. Infrared transmissive optical glasses with similar optical Values as stated in the invention are already known per se. They usually contain as a glass former germanium oxide. Lead oxide is used to vary the optical values, but also Lanthanum oxide, tantalum oxide, barium oxide and aluminum oxide have been used. In particular, are already Glasses have become known that contain at least 97 percent by weight germanium oxide and lead oxide exist.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß sich infrarotdurchlässige optische Gläser in hervorragender optischer Qualität aus Gemengen erschmelzen lassen, dieIt has now been found that infrared-permeable optical glasses have excellent optical properties Melting quality from mixtures that
zu 3 bis 50 Gewichtsprozent aus Germaniumoxid als Glasbildner,3 to 50 percent by weight of germanium oxide as a glass former,
zu 50 bis 80 Gewichtsprozent aus Wismutoxid und/oder Thalliumoxid undto 50 to 80 percent by weight of bismuth oxide and / or thallium oxide and
45 Tabelle 1
(Gewichtsprozent)45 Table 1
(Weight percent)
GeO2
Tl2O3
Bi2O3 GeO 2
Tl 2 O 3
Bi 2 O 3
35,95 64,0535.95 64.05
In der Tabelle 2 werden Gläser gezeigt, die neben den bisher genannten Stoffen Bleioxid und/oder Bleifluorid enthalten.Table 2 shows glasses which, in addition to the substances mentioned above, lead oxide and / or Contains lead fluoride.
Tabelle 2
(Gewichtsprozent)Table 2
(Weight percent)
GeO,
PbO.
Bi2O3
PbF2
Tl, O3 GeO,
PbO.
Bi 2 O 3
PbF 2
Tl, O 3
20.8
50.020.8
50.0
Schmelz-Nr. 7 8 9Enamel no. 7 8 9
29,229.2
50.0
20,850.0
20.8
9,29 19,82 41,439.29 19.82 41.43
29,4629.46
3.0 33.0 35.03.0 33.0 35.0
29.029.0
10,32 21,82 45,6010.32 21.82 45.60
22,3522.35
18,0
43,0
29,010.0
18.0
43.0
29.0
33.0
33,0
29,05.0
33.0
33.0
29.0
13,0
33,0
20,0
29,05.0
13.0
33.0
20.0
29.0
18,1
37,8
18,525; 5
18.1
37.8
18.5
zu 0 bis 33 Gewichtsprozent aus Bleioxid und/ oder Bleifluoridfrom 0 to 33 percent by weight of lead oxide and / or lead fluoride
bestehen.exist.
Die Oxide von Wismut und/oder Thallium können bis zu einem Anteil von etwa 10 Gewichtsprozent durch Arsenoxid ersetzt werden.The oxides of bismuth and / or thallium can contain up to about 10 percent by weight be replaced by arsenic oxide.
Die Gläser weisen nur eine geringe Kristallisationsneigung auf und lassen sich ohne Schwierigkeiten in größeren Stücken erschmelzen. Da der Preis der Gläser stark von den Rohstoffkosten abhängt, empfiehlt es sich, den Anteil an dem relativ teuren Germaniumoxid innerhalb des angegebenen Intervalls möglichst'niedrig zu halten.The glasses have only a slight tendency to crystallize and can be easily removed melt in larger pieces. Since the price of the glasses depends heavily on the cost of raw materials, it is advisable to keep the proportion of the relatively expensive germanium oxide within the specified range To keep the intervals as low as possible.
In den nachfolgenden Tabellen sind einige Beispiele für infrarotdurchlässige optische Gläser nach der Erfindung beschrieben, und zwar zeigt die Tabelle 1 Gläser, die aus reinen Zweistoffsystemen, Germaniumoxid einerseits und Thalliumoxid oder Wismutoxid andererseits, aufgebaut sind.In the following tables are some examples of infrared transparent optical glasses according to the Invention described, namely Table 1 shows glasses made from pure binary systems, germanium oxide on the one hand and thallium oxide or bismuth oxide on the other hand, are built up.
In der Tabelle 3 sind zwei Gläser angegeben, bei denen Germaniumoxid als Glasbildner und im einen Falle allein Wismutoxid und Thalliumoxid verwendet sind und im anderen Falle ein Teil des Wismutoxids und des Thalliumoxids durch Arsenoxid ersetzt sowie PbO vorhanden ist.Table 3 shows two glasses in which germanium oxide is used as a glass former and in one In the case only bismuth oxide and thallium oxide are used and in the other case part of the bismuth oxide and the thallium oxide is replaced by arsenic oxide and PbO is present.
(Gewichtsprozent)Table 3
(Weight percent)
30,0
30,0
26,0
10,04.0
30.0
30.0
26.0
10.0
15Schm
15th
34,75
34,0531.20
34.75
34.05
In der Tabelle 4 sind für einige der vorstehend genannten Gläser Brechzahlen im sichtbaren (ne) und im infraroten (nUSlim, η3Ομιη, n4 5„,„)-Spektralbereich aufgeführt. In Table 4, refractive indices in the visible (n e ) and in the infrared (n USlim , η 3Ομιη , n 4 5 ″, ″) spectral range are listed for some of the glasses mentioned above.
1616
2.0789
2,0619
2,03942.0789
2.0619
2.0394
In den Zeichnungen ist der Transmissionsverlauf für die vier der vorstehenden Gläser angegeben. Dabei ist die Dicke (d) der für die Transmissionsmessungen verwendeten Gläser in jedem Falle angegeben.In the drawings, the transmission curve for the four of the above glasses is given. The thickness (d) of the glasses used for the transmission measurements is given in each case.
Aus den· Transmissionskurven ist zu ersehen, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Gläser bis zu einer Wellenlänge von 5 μΐΏ eine ausgezeichnete Durchlässigkeit aufweisen.It can be seen from the transmission curves that the glasses according to the invention are up to one wavelength of 5 μΐΏ an excellent permeability exhibit.
Claims (4)
wobei beim Vorliegen von PbO der Sauerstoff im PbO teilweise oder ganz durch Fluor ersetzt sein kann.0 to 33 percent by weight PbO,
it being possible for the oxygen in the PbO to be partially or completely replaced by fluorine when PbO is present.
50 bis 80 Gewichtsprozent Bi2O3 und/oder Tl2O3 sowie aus3 to 50 percent by weight GeO 2 ,
50 to 80 percent by weight Bi 2 O 3 and / or Tl 2 O 3 and off
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEL0055406 | 1966-12-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1596881A1 DE1596881A1 (en) | 1970-05-06 |
| DE1596881B2 true DE1596881B2 (en) | 1971-08-05 |
Family
ID=7276932
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19661596881 Pending DE1596881B2 (en) | 1966-12-31 | 1966-12-31 | INFRARED OPTICAL GLASS WITH VERY HIGH REFRACTURES IN THE INFRARED SPECTRAL RANGE AND EXTREMELY OPTICAL LOCATION IN THE VISIBLE SPECTRAL RANGE AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURING |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1596881B2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1549090A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1208020A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2364803A1 (en) * | 1973-01-04 | 1974-07-11 | Corning Glass Works | GLASSES PRODUCED BY FLAME HYDROLYSIS AND THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEM |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103965899A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-08-06 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | Neodymium-doped oxyfluoride germinate glass up-conversion luminescent material and its preparation method and use |
-
1966
- 1966-12-31 DE DE19661596881 patent/DE1596881B2/en active Pending
-
1967
- 1967-12-20 GB GB5778567A patent/GB1208020A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-12-28 FR FR1549090D patent/FR1549090A/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2364803A1 (en) * | 1973-01-04 | 1974-07-11 | Corning Glass Works | GLASSES PRODUCED BY FLAME HYDROLYSIS AND THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEM |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1549090A (en) | 1968-12-06 |
| GB1208020A (en) | 1970-10-07 |
| DE1596881A1 (en) | 1970-05-06 |
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