DE1546461A1 - Means for the transparency of papers - Google Patents
Means for the transparency of papersInfo
- Publication number
- DE1546461A1 DE1546461A1 DE19651546461 DE1546461A DE1546461A1 DE 1546461 A1 DE1546461 A1 DE 1546461A1 DE 19651546461 DE19651546461 DE 19651546461 DE 1546461 A DE1546461 A DE 1546461A DE 1546461 A1 DE1546461 A1 DE 1546461A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- papers
- transparency
- transparent
- agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002298 terpene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000664 diazo group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[*] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGUBCDYYAKENKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietinsaeure-aethylester Natural products C1CC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC3C(C(=O)OCC)(C)CCCC3(C)C21 AGUBCDYYAKENKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000972 Agathis dammara Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002871 Dammar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AGUBCDYYAKENKG-YVNJGZBMSA-N Ethyl abietate Chemical compound C1CC(C(C)C)=CC2=CC[C@H]3[C@@](C(=O)OCC)(C)CCC[C@]3(C)[C@H]21 AGUBCDYYAKENKG-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZIJKGAXBCRWEOL-SAXBRCJISA-N Sucrose octaacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(=O)C)O[C@@]1(COC(C)=O)O[C@@H]1[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1 ZIJKGAXBCRWEOL-SAXBRCJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019498 Walnut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001344 [(2S,3S,4R,5R)-4-acetyloxy-2,5-bis(acetyloxymethyl)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxolan-3-yl] acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OVXRPXGVKBHGQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N abietic acid methyl ester Natural products C1CC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC3C(C(=O)OC)(C)CCCC3(C)C21 OVXRPXGVKBHGQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012261 resinous substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940013883 sucrose octaacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008170 walnut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/775—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of paper
- G03C1/785—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of paper translucent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/26—Agents rendering paper transparent or translucent
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
Iraneparentleierte Papiere sind seit langem bekannt und von besonderem Interesse als Zeiohenpapiere, lampenechirmkarton, Fhotoreproduktionspapiere sur Herstellung Ton z. B. Diazo-Kopien oder ähnlichem. 'Iran-separated papers have been known for a long time and of particular interest as drawing papers, lampshade cardboard, photo production papers for production Sound z. B. Diazo copies or the like. '
Für die Transparentisierung kommen in der Praxis nur solche Rohpapiere in Frage, die noch eine gewisse Saugfähigkeit und damit ausreichende Aufnahmefähigkeit für das Transparentlsierungsmittel haben. Außerdem ist wichtig, daß für die Verwendung des transparentislerten Papieres als Zeichenpapier bzw. Photo~Reproduktionspapier das zu transparentIsierende Rohpapier sehr gleichmäßig in der Durchsicht gearbeitet ist, da jede Inhomogenität in der Durchsicht durch die Imprägnierung weiter rerstärkt wird.For the transparency come in practice only those base papers in question, which still have a certain absorbency and thus sufficient absorption capacity for have the transparency solvent. It is also important that for the use of transparent paper as drawing paper or photo reproduction paper transparent base paper very evenly in the See-through is worked, since any inhomogeneity in the see-through is reinforced by the impregnation.
Vormales opakes Papier hat aufgrund seiner faseret ruktur und der dadurch bedingten Streuung des Lichtes im Papier eine schlechte Transparen«.Previously opaque paper has a structure due to its fiber structure and the resulting scattering of light a bad transparency in the paper ”.
WR/Si BADWR / Si BAD
009843/0173009843/0173
Es sind eine ganze Reihe von Verfahren zur Transparentisierung von Papier in Abhängigkeit vom beabsichtigten Verwendungszweck beschrieben worden. Ganz allgemein werden transparentisierte Papiere durch !Tränkung von Rohpapieren mit Mischungen von Natur- oder Kunstharzen sowie von Mineralölen oder trockenen ölen aus der Schmelze, unter Zusatz von Lösungsmitteln oder aus wäßrigen Dispersionen hergestellt. In der vergangenen Zeit sind auch Verfahren bekannt geworden, bei denen das Rohpapier mit einem Monomeren getränkt wird, welches dann anschließend im Papier zur Polymerisation gebracht wird. Sie Transparenz wird umso höher, je stärker das Rohpapier imprägniert ist und ie näher bei gleichem Imprägniermittelgehalt der Brechungsindex des Transparentisierungsmittels dem Brechungsindex der Papierfaser des zu transparentisierenden Papieres kommt.A number of methods have been described for the transparency of paper, depending on the intended use. In general, transparent papers are produced by impregnating base papers with mixtures of natural or synthetic resins and mineral oils or dry oils from the melt, with the addition of solvents or from aqueous dispersions. In recent times, processes have also become known in which the base paper is impregnated with a monomer, which is then subsequently brought to polymerize in the paper. You transparency is higher, the stronger the base paper is impregnated and he closer the Transparentisierungsmittels the refractive index of the paper fiber is used in the same Imprägniermittelgehalt the refractive index of about transparentisierenden paper.
Zur Transparentisierung von Papieren ist es bekannt, eine Mischung aus Petroleum, harzartigen Substanzen, wie Dammar, Kolophonium, mit einer Spur pflanzlicher öle, wie Rizinusöl oder Walnußöl, zu verwenden. Auch die Verwendung von Methyl- oder Aethylabietat in Kombination mit Sucroseoctaacetat in einem flüchtigen Lösungsmittel, wie z. B. Aethylenchlorid, ist bekannt geworden, ebenso Mineralöl in Kombination mit Wachs. **For the transparency of papers, it is known a mixture of petroleum, resinous substances, such as dammar, rosin, with a trace of vegetable oils, such as Castor oil or walnut oil, to use. Also the use of methyl or ethyl abietate in combination with sucrose octaacetate in a volatile solvent, such as. B. ethylene chloride has become known, as is mineral oil in combination with wax. **
Es ist ferner bekannt, Lösungen von Polystyrolharzen, Cyclohexanonharzen, Chloidiphenylharzen, Alkydharzen, Harn-It is also known to use solutions of polystyrene resins, Cyclohexanone resins, chloidiphenyl resins, alkyd resins, urinary
009843/0 173009843/0 173
atoff-foraaldehydharsen oder dergleichen sur Transparentisierung von Papieren eu benutzen. Nach einem anderen bekannten Vorschlag nimmt man eine einseitige Beschichtung aus der Schneise bev. Imprägnierung aus der Lösung mit einem Gemisch von polymerisiertem o&-Methylstyrol mit Estern der Phthalsäure oder Sebacinsäure vor. Bekanntlich gelingt auch die Herstellung eines transparenten Papieres durch Imprägnieren eines saugfähigen Rohpapieres mit einer Mischung aus Celluloseacetobutyrat und chloriertem Diphenyl ait anschließender Beschichtung mit einer Mischung aus CeI-luloseacetobutyrat, Dlbutylsebaeat und Butylstearat.Use atoff-foraaldehydharsen or the like to make paper transparent. According to another known proposal one takes a one-sided coating from the aisle bev. Impregnation from the solution with a mixture of polymerized o & -Methylstyrene with Esters of phthalic acid or sebacic acid. As is well known the production of a transparent paper is also possible by impregnating an absorbent base paper with a mixture of cellulose acetobutyrate and chlorinated diphenyl followed by coating with a mixture of cellulose acetate butyrate, dibutyl sebaeate and butyl stearate.
Sin großer Hachteil der so hergestellten transparentleierten Papiere let, daß sie eich nicht ohne Auftragen weiterer Hilfsschichten ale Unterlagen ftir lichtempfindliche SnbJLchten, s. B. photographic ehe Halogensllber-Uelatine-Saulelonen eignen, da auf den mehr oder veniger hydrophoben transparent!eierten Papieren die hydrophilen lichtempfindlichen Schichten nicht ausreichend haften.A large part of the transparently glazed papers produced in this way allow them to be calibrated without being applied Further auxiliary layers are suitable as substrates for light-sensitive substrates, e.g. photographic, before halogen-silver-ulatine columns, since they are more or less hydrophobic transparent paper, the hydrophilic photosensitive layers do not adhere sufficiently.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe sugrunde, ein Mittel sur Herstellung eines transparentleierten Papiere* su schaffen, durch das die Nachteile der bekannten transparentisierten Papiere beseitigt werden und die bo hergestellten Papiere direkt, d. h. ohne weitere HiIfsschichten ait hydrophilen lichtempfindlichen Schichten, β. B. Halogen-Sllber-Gelatlne-Emulslonen, begießbar sind.The present invention is therefore based on the task of creating a means for the production of a transparent paper, by means of which the disadvantages of the known transparent papers are eliminated and the papers produced directly, d. H. without additional auxiliary layers with hydrophilic light-sensitive layers, β. B. Halogen-Silber-Gelatlne-Emulslonen, are pourable.
009843/0 173 BADORiGINAL009843/0 173 BADORiGINAL
Es wurde gefunden, daß man ein ausgezeichnet transparentisiertes Papier erhält, wenn man das Papier mit einem Terpenpolymerisat behandelt.It has been found that an excellently transparent paper is obtained if the paper is used with treated with a terpene polymer.
Bas Terpenpolymerieat ermöglicht eine außerordentlich gleichmäßige Anfärbung mit wäßrigen lichtempfindlichen Lösungen.Bas terpene polymer enables extremely uniform coloring with aqueous photosensitive solutions.
Ein so behandeltes Papier läßt sich auch besonders gut nit wäßrigen Blazolösungen sensibilisieren.Paper treated in this way can also be sensitized particularly well with aqueous blazo solutions.
Als Terpenpolymerieat wird vorzugsweise ein Produkt ▼erwendet, welches unter dem Handelenamen Piccolyte S 10 bekannt ist und von der Peneylvania Industrial Chemical Corp. in Claiaon, Pen. USA, hergestellt wird.The terpene polymer used is preferably a product which is available under the trade name Piccolyte S 10 known and from the Peneylvania Industrial Chemical Corp. in Claiaon, Pen. USA.
Bas erfindungsgeaäße Transparentlslerungsmittel kann in Form einer Lösung in Estern und organischen Kohlenwasserstoffen eingesetzt werden, kann aber auch als Emulsion Innerhalb der Papiermaschine in das Papier eingearbeitet werden.Bas according to the invention transparent solvent can be used in the form of a solution in esters and organic hydrocarbons, but can also be used as an emulsion Be incorporated into the paper within the paper machine.
Bas zu transparentisierende Papier kann sowohl aus Cellulosefasern als auch aus synthetischen Fasern bzw. einer Mischung aus beiden Jaserarten bestehen.Basically transparent paper can be made of both Cellulose fibers as well as synthetic fibers or a mixture of both types of jasers.
BIe nach dem erfindungsgeaäßen Verfahren hergestellten Papiere sind lichtbeständig, gegenüber lichtempfindlichen Schichten indifferent und stabil gegenüber photographischen Bädern oder Chemikalien, wie sie in der Diazotypie verwendet werden. Eine Verminderung der Transparenz tritt auch beim längeren Lagern und bei der VerarbeitungThe papers produced by the process according to the invention are lightfast, indifferent to light-sensitive layers and stable to photographic baths or chemicals such as those used in diazo printing. A decrease in transparency also occurs during prolonged storage and processing
009843/0173009843/0173
in den photographischen Bädern nicht ein. Die hergestellten Papiere kleben nicht und sind praktisch geruchsfrei.in the photographic baths. The papers produced do not stick and are practically odorless.
Der Polymerisationsgrad dee Mischpolymerisate ist für die Transparentisierung ohne Bedeutung.The degree of polymerization of the copolymers is irrelevant for the transparency.
Das folgende Beispiel erläutert die Erfindung. Eine Rolle Rohpapier, 60 g/m , bestehend aus 100 $> Baumwolle, wird mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 20 m/min, durch eine 40 #ige Lösung des lerpenpolymerisats in Butylacetat gezogen und der Überschuß am Imprägniermittel mit Hilfe ▼on Stahlschaben abgestreift. Nach dem Verdunsten des Lesungsmittels bleibt das imprägnierte Papier bis sum Auftragen einer wäßrigen Diazoiumsalz-lösung einige Tage * stehen. Zur Verbesserung der Oberflächenglätte kann das transparentisierte Papier von der Sensibillsierung kalandert werden· Die optische Dichte des transparentleierten Papieres beträgt 0,19, die des Rohpapieres 0,53.The following example illustrates the invention. A roll of raw paper, 60 g / m, consisting of 100 $> cotton, is pulled through a 40 # solution of the lerpenic polymer in butyl acetate at a speed of 20 m / min and the excess impregnating agent is wiped off with the help of steel scrapers. After the reading medium has evaporated, the impregnated paper remains in place for a few days * until an aqueous diazoium salt solution has been applied. To improve the surface smoothness, the transparent paper can be calendered from the sensitization. The optical density of the transparent paper is 0.19, that of the base paper 0.53.
Ale Lösungsmittel sind praktisch alle Lösungsmittel geeignet, die mit dem Polymerisat bzw. dem Papier verträglich sind, z. B. Ketone, Ester und aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe.Virtually all solvents that are compatible with the polymer or the paper are suitable for all solvents, e.g. B. ketones, esters and aromatic hydrocarbons.
TUr besondere Anwendungezwecke können bis zu 70 # des Polymers durch Wachse, öle, Harze und Weichmacher ersetzt werden.For special purposes, up to 70 # of the polymer can be replaced by waxes, oils, resins and plasticizers.
- Ansprüche -- Expectations -
BAD OfISGBAD OfISG
009843/0173009843/0173
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DESC037925 | 1965-10-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1546461A1 true DE1546461A1 (en) | 1970-10-22 |
Family
ID=7434498
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19651546461 Pending DE1546461A1 (en) | 1965-10-26 | 1965-10-26 | Means for the transparency of papers |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1546461A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1461291A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1136220A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI122332B (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2011-12-15 | Valtion Teknillinen | Fiber product and method for forming transparent areas in a fiber product |
-
1965
- 1965-10-26 DE DE19651546461 patent/DE1546461A1/en active Pending
- 1965-12-17 GB GB5365865A patent/GB1136220A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-12-24 FR FR43645A patent/FR1461291A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1461291A (en) | 1966-12-10 |
| GB1136220A (en) | 1968-12-11 |
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