DE1432576A1 - Process for producing a smoking tobacco material from tobacco dust - Google Patents

Description

Hürnberg, April 30, 1963 17/32

British-American Tobacco Company Limited, Westminster House, 7, Millbank, London, S ₀ W ₀ 1, England

"Process for the manufacture of a smoking tobacco material from Tobacco dust "

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The invention relates to a method and a device for the production of smoking tobacco material, in particular from Tobacco particles normally for-use as cigarette tobacco or the like are too small »

The production of smoking material from fine tobacco particles has so far encountered numerous difficulties to give break and tensile strength ', which make it possible to process the material in a known manner mechanically and to bring in or ribbon or strip form * such foreign additives, however, have such harmful influences on the final product Raijcheigenschaften _o Further disadvantages of the known methods for preparing Tobacco materials are tedious to manufacture and high in cost. The object of the present invention is

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to eliminate these disadvantages,:

For producing sound Rauchtabakraaterial "tobacco · (ie _o such a proportion, therefore according to the invention is ground into flour and with a small portion of" barrel shifted "that the water content is less than the tobacco content) will be without addition of a binder, and the 'mixture then pressed, with mechanical processing such as mixing or pressing plasticization occurs in order to increase the incline inherent in the tobacco. To release resinification (adhesive) «,

In practical terms, the grinding is carried out in such a way that the flour passes through a hundred-mesh sieve and preferably predominantly through a two-hundred-mesh sieve, while the water content is within a range of about 16-30 $ of the total weight of the tobacco » In contrast to known proposals, according to which a relatively large amount of water is added in order to achieve a colloidal suspension, according to the present invention. Invention uses the mixture in the form of a thick dough or a free-flowing granular powder. No additional foreign binding agent is added to the mixture, but a humidifier can be added, in accordance with the known treatment of tobacco. The mixing time required to achieve a certain amount of resinification depends largely on the water content and. on the type of equipment used. The water content, in turn, depends on the saturation and the type of tobacco flour * -X used .

Advantageously, the IvIIs © hung -. is pressed in fiber form * .- ·. · The Preßvor.gang can in known devices, such as take place with a pressure piston or a pressure screw,

ORiGlNAL ^

in which the mixture is pressed from a cylinder or a drum through one or more nozzles _{or the like} . The diameter or the width of the nozzle openings is expediently selected within a range of approx. 0 * 02 - 0 * 045 cm, depending on the desired end results "

The fibers obtained in this way have excellent breaking or tensile strengths and are for one direct mixture with Zi _; , 'arett.entabak or other common smoking products »They can, however, also / further be traded, for example by rolling« In this way, the squeezed out fibers with a circular cross-section can be rolled into a flat cross-section. The dimensions. And the perms of the material produced according to the invention, the inner coherence and the ease with: 1er es. can be further processed, make it an extremely advantageous smoking tobacco material. ...

With the help of the drawings, various implementation options are possible des. - erf indunjs according to η method for example described. The., Drawings show: .-- ·

Fi ^ ₀ 1 a process diagram,

¹ Fig. 2 partially cut a side view of a sin- - ■ "- · ■" · · · ■ · richt üng ^: -with a Z-ylirider-r.oleeiipresse, · "

■ ■ · : l? ± gi 3 a Yercikalschhitt · by a "Sruckscxmeekenpresse,

"'" As shown in Fig · ΐ', the starting material, tobacco waste, Tabalcbrosel etc. which, among other things, also contain pebbles or sand can, with these larger '"particles the nozzles ier press plate clog or stronger - ^ ersohleiiE · iii-aeri - ". lahl-," 'KiseH-i-Gder

Pressing devices can exercise * a desander 1- _: fed.

The. Sanding can due to a ¹ density differeiltiäfion 'by means of a grain grading apparatus; "of known construction or by sieving and subsequent air sifting o The desanding can be carried out 'either before' or after the tobacco has passed through a drying device 2. The choice depends on the type of tobacco and on its original: '
Moisture content. O If the ^ drying is carried out first,
then under certain circumstances the separation of the sand or similar particles from the tobacco can take place more easily. - - ~ _:. ■ -, - ■ - - ■ -....

■ The 'dryer 2 can be "a known pneumatic" - or ■ rotary cylinder dryer; The tobacco becomes · / up to ■ to ^; a.em
· Moisture content of about _o 4 - 6 ^ _t dried to his marriage '.SU: sufficient: Felnheitsgrad- to -ermöglichenö

"'. The dried tobacco v / ill"' ^{1 is} then fed to a Jeinzerkieinerungsßiühle 3, in which it is ground as long as, 'he bisι
finally one. rounded-LIäschen / inch sieve and preferably '- ^:
luiuptoächlich "a iläschen Zweiiiündert-sieve passed _o nec The ßlahlvor ^ ',. the' serves the 'tobacco' intrinsic 'tilt'."
to clear the further i-work steps in order to harden, · ^:
■ can "- be carried out in a hammer mill ^""" is however before- ^: to ^ s wise in "a" jet mill "carried out", in which the "crushing""reduction effect Idzw, an abrasion between the individual tobacco particles : yourself; - appearance: ». --y.- ν ■ - *; '-: -: ■■ ·: ·. ·". j ..- - ■: ·. · · .--; - ■■ '■. "' .: '^;

■ "·· 'TcJm possibly" n-o-often-V ^ rbi

to "remove, is." Suitably, the milled 'tobacco by' a sieve 4 "ge3.eitetV'Die rMscftenweite this ^sieve; hang-fr of ^de'r: Size '''

: '^<: * ·. ^; ■ '■;■■'. ■ / '■■ - ■'. ■■■■■.-.-. ^"J eAD

the nozzle openings. A hundred-mesh nylon umbrella (Orifice size 105 microns) has been found to be suitable for nozzle orifices of 0.004-0.045 cm diameter, however, at Smaller openings, for example 0.02 cm in diameter, a finer sieve needed if necessary, the larger ones Tobacco parts ground again, as schematically shown in the diagram at 5 is shown "

Before pressing, a small amount of water is added to the ground tobacco in a mixer 6, which preferably increases the moisture content to about 1.6-30 $, based on the hateful weight of the tobacco. The type of mixture depends in turn on the type of tobacco used Tobacco. If the tobacco can be easily plasticized by the pressing process, so-called shear mixers are not necessary, "In this case, the mixture can expediently in a planetary mixer, for _o .B. a mixer with pad-shaped mixing tools, the mixing tools not only rotating around their axis but also carrying out a planetary movement in the trough. In other cases, strip mixers or other mixers can also be used which result in a powdery product. However, it is desirable to prevent igglomerate formation of the ground ta'bak, as this would lead to uneven loading of the press _β

If shear force mixing is necessary, a double-Z disc mixer can be used as appropriate is known in the rubber and plastic industry * The amount the shear force to be applied depends on the amount of aji Yerharzungsbarkeit, in the plastified product i

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should be »The temperature and pressure conditions under which the mixing can be changed to follow the progressive plasticization »With this type of mixing results in a stiff dough, which is useful by known Medium-granulated to particles or spheres with a diameter smaller than about 0.6 cm before feeding to the To produce press 7 »

During the mixing - if necessary - a known humidifier, for example up to 5 ° glycerine, depending on the type of tobacco used, is added - ^ speak ,,. - \

Own 2 shows, more or less schematically, a practical device with a piston press. The ground tobacco is fed via a funnel 11 to a cylinder 12 from which it is pressed out by means of a piston 13 which can be actuated by hydraulic means (not shown) _{or the like} . An electrical heater 14 in the form of a coil or sleeve is arranged around the cylinder 12. The press plate of the press consists of a plate 15 which has a series or group of fine round openings or nozzles -j6 and which are interchangeable in a nozzle holder or distributor 17, which can have the shape of a fishtail «The size of the openings depends, of course, on the. Diameter of the laser to be ^produced . spe; cif is rather struck can be achieved with less effort. An additional part of the

higher pressure is that the risk of clogging the nozzles is reduced. Specific pressures Ms of 700 kp / cm ² or even more can be used «

In FIG. 3, one is suitable for the method according to the invention Screw press shown. The worm 18 is driven by a gear 19 and works against a thrust bearing 20, which is arranged in a drum 21 "One downwards The curved outlet opening 22 in the nozzle head 17 leads to the press plate 15. Successive areas of the drum 21 can be heated with the help of a series of electric heaters 23, and the nozzle head 17 by means of a heater 24ο the mentioned Zones and the feed zone of the drum 21 can also with Cooling jackets 25 are provided and the screw 18 can by means of circulating water-cooled in concentric channels 26 »

The squeezed out pasers run with a circular "cross-section then between walings 8 (Figo 1) through, soak them be brought into a flat shape of rectangular cross-section, which corresponds to that of cut tobacco. Through the 7 yes process can also have corresponding strength properties and Colorations can be achieved.

An advantageous device is in conjunction with the Piston press shown in FIG. 2, but this can be used in the same way in connection with the screw press according to FIG after a short fall into the roller gap 27 from rollers 28 Steel or other hard material moving at the same speed rotate, similar to the calendering rolls «The free

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The opening between the rollers 28 can, for example, be approximately 0.012 cm and can be adjusted. Because Mn rollers are given a somewhat greater circumferential speed than the speed of the exit of the fibers from the openings 16, the lasers can be lasered from the nozzles torn off or broken into lengths corresponding to the cut tobacco with which the fibers are to be mixed. The mean length depends on the distance between the openings 16 and the roller gap 27 _o The rolled fibers are scraped off the rollers 28 by means of spring-loaded scrapers or squeegees 29 »" \ -

After the WalZ'W process, the fibers have to be dried again be, for example, up to a moisture content for the cigarette production is suitable “This is carried out in a conventional dryer 9 (Fig. 1). During this drying ^ During the process, the fibers have a crimped appearance, similarly that of cut tobacco, especially if a Rotary dryer is used «

Figure 2 shows a suitable facility, in which the fibers fall on an endless horizontal conveyor belt 30 in the form of a wide wire mesh and then through a tunnel dryer (not shown) or »■ a countercurrent hot air dryer can be run »The dried Tobacco is removed from the conveyor belt by a rotating brush 31 and falls into a collecting container 32 or the like, from " where it is taken from for mixing with ordinary tobacco

If desired, the extruded fibers can have a cross-section other than circular, for example a right-hand

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angular ,, The extruded material can also take the form of thin Have stripes or ribbons *

In the following some selected examples will be explained in more detail- * wrote:

1o using a screw press as previously in view on Mgβ 3 has been described:

Flake-like tobacco is first dried to a moisture content of $ 4.3 in a steam-heated rotary cylinder dryer. Of the dried tobacco is then passed through a jet mill, approx. 70 kp / h headed »The product of which at least $ 98 a size *» «- smaller than 75 microns was through a hundred mesh Hylon screen (Opening size 105 microns) passed around any larger particles, especially sand or the like, to remove.

The mixing was carried out batchwise, namely approx 20kp per batch, in a planetary mixer for 4 minutes with a mixing tool speed of 45 revolutions per Minute · Approximately; 4 kp of water were added along with 0 * 5 kp of glycerin ($ 3) added · The product was evenly moistened without Tendency to agglomerate in larger lumps, and could easily inserted into the funnel 11 of the screw press 18, 21 will·

As a screw press, a similar fype for plastics used, with a drum 21 of about 5 cm in diameter and a length to diameter ratio of 20: 1 * that Pressure ratio was 2.5: 1 · Is were 4 heaters 23 and one Nozzle head heater 24 used «Me Sohnecke 18 was with the help of the

% no 26 water-cooled. Also the area of the drum 21 in the

Mhe of the hopper 11 was cooled, 'tern to the feed to Erlei * The pressing plate 15 had 4-5 nozzles 1-6, of which jedi NEN diameter of 0.016 has cm.

The following table shows typical working conditions;

listed.

Jreichstempe- • at ur en ⁰ C.

Nozzle head screw screw beginning end

temp.

U / min pressure force _aa tons content

go 100 110 110 80 20th 1.5 23.0 .21.3 η ti It η η 40 1.75 23-0 20.75 η Il It η Il 60 2.0 23.0 20.75 90 100 110 110 90 20th 1.25 23.0 21.3 Il It H It It 40 1.5 23.0 20.2 It ' Il Il η η 60 .1.75 23.0 .20.45 go 100 110 130 100 40 1.5 23.0 20.5 η Il η It η 60 1.75 23.0 20.5

The fibers produced were rolled as they passed between Sts cylinder 28 with a nip of 0.012 cm. Dere the speed of fall was slightly greater than the exit valve Density of the fibers from the Bresse, so that lasers from 1 to · < Length emerged, which after drying in an air dryer ζ mixture with thread-like tobacco for the cigarette hera part ·, were suitable.

2 · Method according to the invention, carried out with the aid of a Piston press, as described in connection with Fig, 2 »

It became the same initial tobacco-water-glycerin mixture used, as in Example 1, and in a piston press 12,

13 of 2.5 cm diameter pressed out «

The temperature of the cylinder 12 was determined with the aid of the heater

14 held at 85 ° C and the press plate contained 37 nozzles 16, each 0 x 04 cm in diameter. The press plate reached, although it was not directly heated, a permanent temperature τοπ 65 ° C _e During pressing, the maximum piston pressure was 280 kp / öm ² ; the average production amount was approx. 2.5 kp / h «Each dem" baling and drying, as described in example 1, warn the lasers for mixing with normal thread-like cut tobacco »

- Expectations -

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Claims (8)

Claims 1. Process for the production of raw tobacco material from tobacco dust, characterized in that the Missing tobacco too .. and with a small portion of water mixed without the skin of a binding agent and the mixture squeezed out is and that the mixture by mechanical action is plasticized during the iv.ixing process and / or the pressing process, to the deodorant tobacco inherent tendency to resinify (adhesiveness) trigger. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the Y / asserunteil approx. 16 - 30 / 'of the dimensional weight of the Tobacco cheats. 3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that a humidifier is added to the mixture will· 4. The method according to claims 1, Z or 3f, characterized in that the rj.sch.ung is plasticized with the aid of a high-force device. 5 · Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, d C-. urch-g β indicates that the mixture is expressed in "^ aorforη, n. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that d c. β the fibers are then rolled 7. ' Verf nlifpr. according to claim 6, characterized in that : -. ß dor vVslavor ^ cng by al ζ en takes place, 8098 10/0593 speed is greater than the exit distance the fibers out of the press, so that the fibers in individual pieces be torn. 8 · Method according to claims 5 »δ or 7, d a d u r c h characterized in that the fibers are then "dried until crimped · 9 · Procedure according to claim 8, thereby marked net, that the fibers are dried on a large-meshed edge sieve will. 10. The method according to claim 1 and one or more of the following, characterized in that the tobacco goal is grinding to a residual moisture content of 4 to 6 / is dried. 11. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tobacco is before the grinding and cleaned of larger particles, in particular Sand that is befjpeit. 12. The method according to claim 1 and one or more of the following, characterized in that the Tobacco up to a fineness of 100-pale, 2.5 cm each, grind and then poured through a sieve. 13 · method according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the pressing means are partially heated and / or cooled during the pressing process The © patent attorney 8 0 9 810/0593