DE1442869A1 - Device for the catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon compounds - Google Patents

Description

Device for the catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons links

The invention relates to a device for catalyzing "...- see Cracking of hydrocarbon compounds in a furnace consisting of a heating chamber, a: or several burners and one or more tubes that are filled with the catalyst, the dia to be cleaved Hydrocarbon compound flows through the catalyst and the tubes by burning a fuel be heated from the outside »

So that is necessary for a good mechanical behavior of the pipes and for the good implementation of the cracking Even heating is achieved are already facilities

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Bobbin thread (Art 7, Section 1, Paragraph 2, No. I Sate

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directions known _? where a large number of. Burners are arranged on both sides of the tubes »However, this arrangement is complicated and also difficult to implement for the jail, because the heating is carried out with a liquid hydrocarbon compound <>.

Another device is also known, the one with two Zones work »In a heating zone there is a certain number of pipes, which are directly irradiated The wider zone. is a convection zone, in which there are other pipes which should no longer be exposed to direct radiation from the flames "

These known devices have the disadvantage that the. ■ The pipes are only heated very unevenly It is very difficult to control the heating along the axis of the pipes

In an older proposal, this disadvantage is eliminated in that a screen provided with openings is arranged between the burner or burners and the tubes, the remaining parts of the screen being in front of an associated tube and the openings in the space between the pipes open 'and that •'' ^: - the

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the openings are dimensioned so that in all pipe cross-sections perpendicular to the pipe axis the amount of heat QL, v? el before ^ is transmitted through the solid material parts of the screen and on the side facing the screen outside of the tubes meets ^ substantially equal to the heat quantity Qp is soft, is transmitted through DIE apertures of the screen is reflected by the Innenwaiidung of ^ü ± 'ens and the outside of the tubes facing the furnace interior meets ₀

For practical reasons, the screen must be made of fireproof Material, but its 'conductivity' is small, which under the usual conditions is a small thickness and therefore a "that robust device" yields »This is an IT disadvantage of the bere: '-'; proposed Facility"

The way of guessing is also, as in the case of the äl » Partial suggestion, one the same! ;; ILJige heating of every pipe in a perpendicular to its axis. Cross-section, it should also be possible in a simple manner, in different Heat cross-sections along the pipe to a greater or lesser extent, but the heating should remain uniform in every cross-section perpendicular to the pipe axis Facility according to the older proposal to be eliminated «,

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! times, the invention this is achieved in that at greater shield thickness and thus more stable shield design the full amterial parts of the screen are provided with holes over their entire thickness- «.

The solution according to the invention has many advantages. It is now superfluous to arrange burners on both sides of the tube. The number of burners may be substantially reduced who the _e - the control of or the burner is practically superfluous _o The screen secures namely - on G-round its ratio of solid material parts to breakthroughs -automatically the distribution of heat quantity in the respective desired Hive au of _{Pipe 0} The level of the raw _t r.eB is determined, for example, by the endothermic reaction of the hydrocarbon compound to be split.

The heat process for the transfer of the amount of heat Q ₂ »which hits the outside of the" tubes facing the inside wall of the furnace is the same as according to the older proposal in the sentence to the older one

• Proposal

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8 Π 3 8 ii Q / 1 1 Π ¹ ^

Proposal, however, is the transfer of the amount of heat Q .., which hits the outside of the tubes facing the screen, partly through Y / conduction across the material of the screen 2 and partly with the help of radiation across the holes d _o h _o <the Eerforierungen the solid material parts ₀ There thus arises for the amount of heat Q. a Teilstrahlungo Again must Q ₁ is essentially always equal to Qp _o

With a good approximation it can be said that the screen is limited the radiation from the lambs on the pipes, which would occur if there were no screen, in the ratio of the surface area of the screen's holes to the Surface of a screen «,

Obviously, this arrangement leads to a somewhat irregular heating of the side of the tubes facing the flame. But due to the conductivity of the tubes and the high coefficient of curvature inside the
Pipes, the regularity is very low

The invention is illustrated by way of example with reference to the drawing explained «.

1 shows an enlarged detail section, the solid material part 6 provided with holes (7)

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of

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'-' ■ - ■, 5

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- 6 - ■ -. '■■■

. of screen 2 can be seen,

Fig ,, 2. shows a 'perfected according to the invention Screen 2 with circular holes 7 in the Tollmat he ialteile β and

Figo 3 shows a cross section along the line A -. $ From ^ igo_2, where the flame 1 = of the burner, the screen 2 perfected according to the invention, the inner furnace wall 3, tubes 4 and openings • and solid material parts 6 can be seen _o

The oven can have any shape and be, for _o B <> rectangular or round ,, · To define the terms a pipe are 10,000 Kcal / h / m pipe length are supplied bejsplelsharber. Uniform heating then results (Q 1 = Q 2 = 5,000 Kcal / h / m) with the following approximate dimensions and temperatures:

_t 1 ■ = 1 40O ⁰ O

t 2 = 8oo

a = 100 mm '

- ■ b. = 200 mmο

The screen after the exemplary execution of the Invention has the following dimensions:

c. = 10 mm - ¹ ^ ';...; - ■■■

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d = '20 mm j 8 0 980 9/1 1 G 3

included

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the tubes have a Durohmesser of

ο = 100 mm
on*

The coefficient of thermal conductivity and the thickness of the screen are of secondary importance, as the greater part of the noise duvoh radiation across the holes? is transmitted «.

The holes are circular according to the drawing can of course have all possible other shapes and dimensions! matters in particular the presence of holes and the heating of the side of the tubes facing the flame through partial radiation "

The heating along the pipes is controlled by Change in the ratio of the surface of the holes to the surface of the screen achieved *

The sections without a screen can be used for reasons of strength are also formed in the same way, only with a larger hole ratio o

Claims BAD 0R16INAL

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Claims (4)

P a t e η t a η sp r ü ehe ■. 1.) Device for the catalytic cracking of carbon / hydrogen compounds in a furnace, "consisting of a heating chamber, one or more burners and one or more tubes which are filled with the catalyst, the hydrocarbon compound to be split flowing through the catalyst The tube can be buried from outside by burning a fuel, a screen provided with openings is arranged between the burner or burners and all tubes, the remaining clay material parts of the screen are each in front of an associated tube and the openings in the ileum open between the pipes and the openings are dimensioned so that in all pipe cross-sections lying perpendicular to the pipe axis that amount of heat Qv _p which is transferred through the solid material parts of the screen and hits the outside of the pipes facing the screen, is essentially equal to the amount of heat Q ₂ , which is through the openings in the screen is transmitted, is reflected back from the inner wall of the furnace and. on the. the outside of the tubes facing the furnace wall hits, "., dadur.ch marked ^ that with greater screen thickness and Documents (Art. 7 Paragraph I Paragraph 2 No. I Sau 3 of the amendment. * 4. S. Ut, BAD ORIGINAL : '809809/1 103. ' and thus the Yollraa "fcerial parts" with a more stable umbrella design (6) of the screen (2) are provided with holes (7) over their entire thickness 2) Device according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeicünety that the ratio of the surface area of the holes (7) the Yollniaterialteile (6) of the shield (2) to the surface of the screen (2) along the tubes (4) changed 3) Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the openings (5) of the screen (2) are closed with the help of Yollmaterialteile (6) which have a larger ratio of holes (7) to solid material ₀ BAD ORtQINAL 809809/1 103