DE1234035B - Stereophotogrammetric evaluation device with means for recording terrain profiles - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN VMTWl PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

German class: 42 c -10/02

Number: 1234 035

File number: Z 6895 IX b / 42 c

I 234 035 Filing date: October 9, 1958

Opened on: February 9, 1967

The invention relates to a stereophotogrammetric evaluation device with means for detecting Terrain profiles from stereophotogrammetric terrain recordings with a stereoscopic measurement mark relative to the visual terrain model with the aid of a cross slide driven by spindles in the three Cartesian coordinate directions and from a separate drive via a friction gear in particular along a profile track adjustable in direction in a measuring plane and is movable in a direction perpendicular thereto, the movements of the compound slide on the perpendicular mutually oriented adjusting spindles of a drawing device are given and / or the positions of the cross slide can be read on a coordinate registration device.

Stereophotogrammetric evaluation devices are known in which, for drawing profiles on the drawing sheet of a drawing device, a first guide is placed in the direction of the profile track, in which a second guide arranged perpendicular to this ruler and receiving the drawing pen is displaceable. If the compound slide carrying the measurement mark or the aerial photographs is now moved in one coordinate direction, the measurement mark moves parallel to the first-mentioned guide. Is adjusted while the height of the measurement mark respectively in such a way that it scans the area in the direction of the profile track, then the scanning is held by movement of the pen in the second guide (see FIG. Schwidefsky, "Outline of photogrammetry", Stuttgart 1954, p 86 ).

The known device has several disadvantages. The intended lever transmission dei Movement of the carriage on the drawing pen limits the measurement accuracy. The rigid connection between Pen and cross slide also require that the drawing table for the device is not set up arbitrarily can be. This is often desired in order to observe the movement of the pen to be able to. In addition, the scale of the profile drawing cannot be changed because of the pen movement is firmly coupled to the movement of the compound slide. After all, this has training but also a design disadvantage. This is because additional funds must be earmarked to be able to separate the compound slide from one of its drive spindles, otherwise the drive the mark would be blocked by the other spindle.

It is also known to use the measuring mark systems of a stereophotogrammetric evaluation device with the aid of friction gears under any adjustable stereophotogrammetric evaluation device
Means for recording terrain profiles

Applicant:

Carl Zeiss, Heidenheim / Brenz

Named the inventor:

Dr. Kurt Schwidefsky, Karlsruhe;
Hans Utz, Heidenheim / Brenz

To guide direction angles in a plane or spatially on a straight line.

A particularly advantageous coupling between the measuring mark movement and the drawing or recording device of a stereophotogrammetric evaluation device of the type described above is achieved according to the invention by a common drive which, on the one hand, sets the drive shaft of the friction gear in rotation in a manner known per se and, on the other hand, acts as a rotary encoder for the adjusting spindle serves in the abscissa direction of the Zeichenein direction and / or actuates a contact device for triggering the coordinate registration device at regular time intervals.

This eliminates the need for the known devices with a rigid connection between the measuring slide system and pen, and it is also extremely easy to register coordinates possible.

A motor whose speed can be regulated can be provided as the drive; the drive can but can also be done by hand.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the spindles for the measurement mark shift act over electrical tracking controls on the pen, and a switch is provided that controls the tracking for the pen in the ordinate direction, optionally with the spindle for the relative movement the measuring mark in the y-direction or z-direction and the tracking control of the pen in the abscissa direction either with the drive of the friction gear or the spindle for the measuring movement connects in the ^ -direction. This switch serves the following purpose:

If it couples the drive means of the measuring mark for the χ or y direction with the follow-up controls of the pen in the abscissa or ordinate

709 508/87

direction, then the evaluation device can be used for mapping as before. On the other hand, the ^ Movement of the measuring mark given on the ordinate direction of the pen and this on the other hand in the abscissa direction shifted by the drive of the friction gear, then the device is used for Draw a profile.

So you can use the device for different purposes by simply switching.

The drawing shows an embodiment of the invention using an evaluation device for horizontal recordings shown, namely shows

F i g. 1 the evaluation device in a perspective view,

F i g. 2 shows a detail of FIG. 1.

In Fig. 1 , two terrain recordings 1 and 2 are each attached to a lever 5 and 6 rotatable in a fixed joint 3 and 4. The other ends of the levers 5 and 6 are fastened with ball joints 7 and 8 to a support 10 which is adjustable in height by a spindle 9.

As in Fig. 1 , the terrain recordings 1 and 2 are viewed via two eyepieces 11 and 12, mirror prisms 13 and 14, objective lenses 15 and 16 and two further mirror prisms 17 and 18. In the image plane of the eyepieces, two measuring marks 19 and 20 are arranged, which are superimposed on the terrain recordings 1 and 2. If you look into the eyepieces, you can see the terrain shown in Figures 1 and 2 stereoscopically; Likewise, marks 19 and 20 combine to form a measurement mark that appears in the stereoscopic terrain model.

The carrier 10 together with the spindle 9 is mounted on a carriage 21 which is supported by rollers 22 a guide 23 is displaceable. The displacement is effected by a spindle 24. The tour 23 is arranged in perpendicular to it guides 25 and

26 displaceable by a spindle 27. By adjusting the guide 23, the carriage 21 and the carrier 10, the relative position of the measurement mark to the terrain shown is changed. By means of a suitable shift, it is up to you to bring the spatial measurement mark into contact with the terrain in a suitable manner. If, for example, the height of the carrier 10 is fixed and the spatial measurement mark is now moved along the terrain, then a pen 28 connected to the carriage 21 draws the contour lines associated with the set height ζ on a sheet of paper 29.

The displacement of the carriage 21 in the x direction is effected by a hand wheel 30, which The spindle 24 rotates via bevel gears 31. The displacement of the carriage 21 in the y-direction becomes caused by a hand wheel 32, which the spindle

27 rotates and thereby moves the guide 23. The carrier 10, however, is when you press a

Adjusted foot disk 33, which is connected to drive spindle 9 via a cardan shaft 34.

The following device is provided for drawing a profile section whose track Sp in the jcy plane, as shown on the paper 29, encloses the angle u with the ^ direction.

The spindle 27 is via bevel gears 35, 36, 36 'and a flexible shaft 37 with a drive unit 38 connected. The spindle 24 is via the bevel gears 31, the drive shaft 31 ', bevel gears 31 ″ as well as through a flexible shaft 39 is directly connected to the assembly 38. The drive unit 38 rotates the

Shafts 37 and 39, as will be shown later, in such a way that the carriage moves in the x-direction proportionally to the cosine of the angle u and that the guide 23 moves in the y-direction proportionally to the sine of the angle u . The measuring mark therefore runs in the terrain model along the profile track Sp. To obtain the profile itself, the user must adjust the height of the spatial measuring mark with the foot disk 33 in such a way that it always remains in contact with the terrain. This movement is communicated to a pen 40 via a follow-up control. For this purpose, the spindle 9 is connected to an electrical control element 42 which generates a voltage corresponding to the rotation of the spindle 9, e.g. B. with a resolver. The control voltages generated are fed via a line 43 drawn in dashed lines to a receiver 44 which, via an amplifier 45, controls a motor 46 which in turn rotates a drive spindle 47. The spindle 47 moves a carriage 48, which in turn is arranged on a carriage 49 and carries the drawing pen 40. The spindle 47 acts back on the receiver 44 via two gear wheels 50 and a shaft 51, in such a way that the latter supplies the voltage zero when the lag has been reached.

The drawing pen receives the second movement, which is necessary to draw the profile, immediately from the drive unit 38. With the drive unit is again an electrical control element 52 connected, which is connected to a receiver 54 via a line 53 shown in dashed lines is. This in turn controls a follow-up motor 56 via an amplifier 55. The motor 56 rotates one Shaft 57 and thereby displaces the slide 49.

A bevel gear 59 is seated on the shaft 57, which via a bevel gear 59 ′ and a flexible shaft 60 regulates the overrun of the motor 56 via the unit 54.

A counter 65 is connected to the drive spindles 24, 27 and 9 via shafts 61, 62 and 67. This registers the x, y and z movements of the mark on the rollers 63, 64 and 66. As will be shown, the drive unit 38 triggers a printing unit in the counter 65 at certain intervals, which triggers the results Sheets of paper 68 registered.

F i g. 2 shows the interior of the drive unit 38 of FIG. 1. A motor 70 whose speed can be regulated is provided here, which rotates a friction disk 73 via bevel gears 71, 72. A roller 74 runs on the friction disk 73. The distance of the roller 74 from the axis of rotation of the friction disk 73 can be adjusted via levers 75, 76 and a cam disk 77. The cam 77 is connected to a rotary knob 78. The rotary knob 78 can be used to set the angle value u at which the profile is to be drawn on a scale 79 (FIG. I). With this setting, the roller 74 picks up a value proportional to cosine u from the disk 73 and rotates the gears 79 ′, 80, which in turn rotate the shaft 39. Another roller 81 runs on the friction disk 73, and its distance from the axis of rotation can also be adjusted via levers 82, 83 and a cam disk 84. The cam 84 is connected to the rotary knob 78 via bevel gears 110, 111, a shaft 112 and bevel gears 113, 114. If the rotary knob 78 is turned to the angle

Claims (3)

»Vert u set, then the roller 81 moves away from the axis of rotation of the disk 73 so far that it rotates proportionally to the sine of the angle M. Their rotary motion is transmitted to gears 87, 88, 89. The gear 89 rotates the flexible shaft 37. The gears 79 'and 87 sit in guides 90 and 91 of the levers 75 and 82, so that they rotate with these levers, but the Rollers 74 and 81 can be moved axially. The ends of levers 75 and 82 rotate in sockets 92 and 93. As in FIG. 2 is also indicated, the control of the running speed of the motor is effected via a potentiometer 86. The potentiometer is set by turning knob 85 (Fig. 1). A control element 52 is connected to the bevel gear 72 via a shaft 115. On the shaft 115 sits a contact disk 116 which, depending on the position of the disk 116, opens and closes a switch 117. The switch 117 controls a printing mechanism (not shown) in the counter 65 via a connecting line 118. In FIG. 1, two further control elements 100 and 101 are provided. The element 100 is connected via the bevel gears 31 to the spindle 24 which effects the x displacement. The element 10 is connected to the spindle 27 which causes the displacement. As can also be seen, the control voltages generated by these elements can also be fed to the receivers 54 and 44 via lines 102 and 103 via switches 104, 105. If the switches 104 and 105 close the last-mentioned circles, then the device works as a normal mapping device in that the χ and y movements of the measuring mark are now transferred to the drawing pen 40. The z-line is now dead. The pen 40 draws z. B. contour lines if the height ζ remains fixed during this terrain scan. The described drawing device can therefore, depending on the position of the switches 104 and 105, map or draw profile sections in any direction. The drawing device 28, 29 could therefore be omitted. Patent claims: 1. Sterophotogrammetric evaluation device with means for recording terrain profiles from stereophotogrammetric terrain recordings in which a stereoscopic measurement mark relative to the visual terrain model with the aid of a cross slide driven by spindles is movable in the three Cartesian coordinate directions and by a separate drive via a friction gear, in particular along a directionally adjustable profile track in a measuring plane and in a direction perpendicular thereto, the movements of the compound slide are given to the mutually perpendicular adjustment spindles of a drawing device and / or the positions of the compound slide can be read on a coordinate registration device, characterized by a common drive (52) which, on the one hand, sets the drive shaft (IlS) of the friction gear in rotation in a manner known per se and, on the other hand, acts as a rotary encoder for the adjusting spindle (51) in the abscissa direction the drawing device is used and / or a contact device (117) for triggering the coordinate registration device (65) is actuated at regular time intervals. 2. Stereophotogrammetric evaluation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the common drive is a speed-adjustable motor. 3. Stereophotogrammetric evaluation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spindles of the compound slide for the measurement mark displacement act in a manner known per se via electrical follow-up controls on the adjustment spindles of the drawing device and that a switch (104, 105) is provided which controls the follow-up control for the adjusting spindles (47) in the ordinate direction of the drawing device optionally with the spindle for the relative movement of the measuring mark in the y or z direction and the follow-up control of the adjusting spindle in the abscissa direction (57) of the drawing device optionally with the drive of the friction gear or the spindle (24) connects for the measurement mark shift in the x-direction. Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 1 022 809, 361155, 877, 376 121; Swiss Patent No. 260 613;
U.S. Patent No. 2,686,099;
Buchholz, Photogrammetrie, Berlin 1954, pp. 104 to 106. 1 sheet of drawings 709 508/87 1.67 © BundesdruckereiBerlin