DE1216430B - High speed polarized relay - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. Cl .:

HOIh

German KL: 21 g - 4/01

Number: 1216 430

File number: S 71473 VIII c / 21 g

Filing date: November 30, 1960

Opening day: May 12, 1966

The invention relates to a high speed polarized relay having a Electromagnet system, at the end of which a permanent magnet assigned to the two-wing armature is provided is so that the continuous fluxes only penetrate the ends of the armature in the transverse direction while the excitation flow flows through the armature in the longitudinal direction. To achieve a high switching speed for a relay To achieve this, it is necessary to keep the moment of inertia of the armature as small as possible Select. However, this is not always possible because a certain cross-section for the leadership of the Rivers cannot be undershot. Since polarized relays are known to have a permanent leak Multiples (up to a factor of 100) of the excitation flow, it is especially necessary, the flow circles to lead in such a way that no magnetic saturation of the armature occurs due to the continuous flux. In In connection with a high switching speed, there is usually also a requirement for a high one Response sensitivity of polarized relays, which is achieved by a suitable structure of the excitation circuit is strived for.

In known polarized relays, the two permanent magnets, an excitation winding and a two-winged one Have armature, the two permanent magnets have two pliers-shaped encompassing the armature Soft iron legs. The permanent magnets are at the same time the control flow between them leading soft iron legs arranged in such a way that there is a superposition of excitation flow and Continuous flow occurs. In order to avoid an unwanted saturation of the soft iron legs and so that a deterioration in the efficiency of the electromagnetic system occurs, this must be the Cross-section of the soft iron legs can be selected to be correspondingly large.

In connection with the fact that the soft iron legs prevent a magnetic Short circuit of the permanent magnets must have a certain distance and thus a relative large winding diameter must be selected, there is a deterioration in the efficiency of the electromagnet system. This is especially true with polarized relays, where almost always value is placed on a high sensitivity, particularly disadvantageous. It is known that the winding diameter deteriorates as the winding diameter increases the efficiency of a relay, because to achieve a certain number of ampere-turns then a longer wire length is required. This inevitably increases the electrical resistance of the High speed polarized relay

Applicant:

Siemens & Halske Aktiengesellschaft,

Berlin and Munich,

Munich 2, Witteisbacherplatz 2

Named as inventor:
Josef Fischer,
Herbert Krautwald,
Erwin Müller, Munich

Winding, and the relay's own consumption increases.

Another known embodiment of a polarized relay with two permanent magnets and one two-winged armature provides that the two permanent magnets arranged in the same polarity over common pole pieces are connected, which face the armature in a U-shape. This arrangement of the Permanent magnets mean that the continuous flow is not only at the ends of the armature with the excitation flow superimposed, but that a continuous flow is also effective in the longitudinal direction of the armature. For this The reason would have to increase the cross section of the armature accordingly, which is because of the then increased mass moment of inertia of the armature reduces the speed of sound of the relay. aside from that this known solution has no stationary flux guide parts for the excitation flow, since here the Excitation winding immediately surrounds the two-winged armature. The excitation winding must be from constructive Reasons to be carried out without an iron core, so that for this reason there is no high sensitivity a relay constructed in this way is to be expected. In addition, the winding core such an excitation coil be chosen so large in the clear width that the armature, up to his Can move stops freely. As the core diameter of the excitation coil increases, it decreases but also in turn the efficiency of the relay. . Otherwise, this known arrangement corresponds to in which the two permanent magnets polarized in the same direction are bridged by pole shoes, also another known solution in which, instead of this arrangement, only a single permanent magnet

609 568/413

3 4

is available. Both solutions are peculiar, and flows through the constant auxiliary air gap 8 zudaß for the excitation circuit always a shunt back to the permanent magnet 2. The one through the winding 9 is present, the force acting on the generated excitation flow, however, comes from the core armature a loss means sheet metal to the pole pieces la and is over the

The disadvantages described can be invented with a 5 working air gap 4 in the transverse direction via the armature 3 relay of the type described in more detail at the beginning. In this case, a superimposition of the permanent switch off takes place in that the working air gaps 4 take place at both the flow and the excitation flow in the pole shoes la and ends of the one-piece U-shaped.
The yoke of the electromagnet system each has an armature Since, as mentioned, the permanent magnet, which is attached to the armature 3 in the form of a pincer, is guided in the longitudinal direction, must be. Cross-section can be chosen to be relatively large. From the-

Since a large inertia is not the case here, as is the case with known embodiments, soft magnetic pole plates provide moment for the armature of such relays. Because there are permanent magnets between which there are permanent magnets but the cross-section of the armature is not reduced, the result is an excitation coil with substantially 15, applies to such a relay version with a smaller core diameter, so that a considerable a certain switching speed as the topmost increase in the efficiency of the Relay according to limit that cannot be increased,
the invention is achievable. Under the same construction, if there is also the requirement that borrowed conditions, the relay achieves a high response sensitivity to an increase in response sensitivity for this relay. 20 should show, then all losses must also be avoided

But also in the constructive direction this has to be, which the sensitivity of the relay down constructive Solution various advantages. Can start from there. So the one shown in Fig. 1 has beden The yoke ends of the electromagnetic system are directly equipped with a polarized relay bar the armature pliers-shaped comprehensive permanent shunt to the excitation circuit 1, which by Magnets are attached, the relay consists of only 25, the auxiliary air gap 7 and the flux guide parts 6 gewenigen Individual parts, creating a simple and forms. Approve this magnetic shunt Manufacturing results. Due to the compact effect that the occurring in the working air gaps 4 leadership of the iron core and the resulting flow of excitation is more or less weakened and Reducing the field winding can therefore also not have the optimal sensitivity of the Total volume of the relay can be kept smaller 30 relays can be achieved.

than is the case with known relays. This fact is also shown schematically in FIG

thing has in the course of the general downsizing of a polarized relay according to the magnet system

of structural components a special meaning- In comparison to known execution

tion. especially struggled for a very small cross-section

The armature 3 due to the arrangement of the two permanent 35. This armature is two-winged magnetically resulting disconnection of magnetically guided and preferably stored in the center of gravity, table shunt losses also bring an increase in the response sensitivity of the armature 3 through the winding 9, as - as controllable excitation flow and proven by the continuous tests have - the permanent fluxes generated in known magnets 2. The duration rivers relay occurring losses of this type up to 25% loading ₄₀ of the two magnets 2 close through the air wearing. In the present solution, the secondary column carries 4 and 5. The excitation flow essentially closes the excitation circuit to strengthen the actuating via the pole shoes la and the main working air force of the armature. column 4 led. The one about the permanent magnets 2 yet

In a further embodiment of the invention one can shunt the excitation flux that occurs, although the size of the auxiliary working air gap is small because of its 45, but it must nevertheless be magnetically conductive to take into account the length. But it does not represent a loss, as it makes pieces adjustable. In addition, it is also carried out via the auxiliary working air gap 5 to compensate for asymmetries and to the simpler ker 3 and amplifies the armature adjustment movement caused by the main exciter setting of the operating values of the relay. Permanent magnets with appropriately matched in- _5o The superposition of the permanent fluxes Φ _Β with the production to choose. The pathogen _flow Φ _Ε and the tributary Φ ΕΝ is shown in FIG. 2

Further details of the invention are also shown for the central position of the anchor,

from the following description of an execution- The resulting force effect is given by P

for example. It shows draws. This representation also shows

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a polar 55 that the continuous flow Φ _ο the anchor only in transverse direction

ized relay of known design for explanation device interspersed while he is from the excitation flow in

of the concept of the invention, flowing through the longitudinal direction.

F i g. 2 a polarized relay that uses the invention. However, it flows in the tilted position of the armature

has appropriate features. in addition to the excitation flow, there is also a compensating flow, see above

The relay shown schematically in Fig. 1 shows 60 that the cross section of the armature can be selected a principle that has been used very often up to now, that both rivers can be absorbed, with the flow of control and continuous flow in the low. Compared to the usual values of the are essentially kept separately. However, that of the continuous flow remains the sum of the excitation flow Magnet 2 outgoing continuous flux goes here over the and equalizing flux by at least one magnitude flux guide parts 6 and the constant auxiliary air flow 65 smaller than the continuous flow. The anchor 3 can gap 7 in the pole shoes la of the excitation circuit 1 and from this grand a small cross-section there to the working air gaps 4. Then pass through, and thus the armature inertia can also be set the continuous flow the armature 3 in the longitudinal direction moment are reduced so far that a substantial

borrowed increase in the switching speed of the relay is possible. You choose the material for the anchor preferably magnetic clean iron with a very small coercive force (less than 0.02 Oe).

Claims (7)

Patent claims: 1. High speed polarized relay with an electromagnet system on whose The end of a permanent magnet assigned to the two-wing armature is provided so that the Continuous flows only penetrate the ends of the armature in the transverse direction, while the excitation flow flows through the anchor in the longitudinal direction, characterized in that at both ends of the one-piece U-shaped Yoke (1) of the electromagnet system each have a permanent magnet encompassing the armature (3) in the form of tongs (2) is attached. 2. Polarized relay according to claim 1, characterized in that for generating the Continuous flux bar magnets with attached pole pieces are provided. 3. Polarized relay according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the size of the Auxiliary working air gaps (5) through attached to the permanent magnets or their pole pieces, adjustable in their effective length magnetic conductive pieces (2 a). 4. Polarized relay according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the excitation circuit (1) consists of soft iron with a low coercive force, namely less than 0.02 Oe. 5. Polarized relay according to claim 1 or the following, characterized in that the Yoke legs (la) of the excitation circuit (1) attached to pole shoes with an enlarged cross-section are. 6. Polarized relay according to claim 1 or the following, characterized in that the Anchor (3) is stored in the center of gravity. 7. Polarized relay according to claim 1 or the following, characterized in that for Compensation of asymmetries and for easier setting of the operating values of the relay Permanent magnets with appropriately matched induction are selected. Considered publications:
British Patent No. 724,978;
U.S. Patent No. 2,731,527. For this purpose, 1 sheet of drawings 609 568/413 5.66 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin