DE102010043141B3 - Spring device for axial suspension of two components movable against each other in an axial direction, has connection section, which is stationary to element of two elements in axial directions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates primarily to a spring device for the axial suspension of two components which are relatively movable in the axial direction by means of rolling surfaces and rolling elements arranged between the rolling surfaces, a displacement of the rolling surfaces against one another in an axial direction causing the rolling surfaces to be displaced orthogonally to the axial direction against the force of a spring energy store. According to the invention, a total of at least four rolling surfaces with axially offset rolling elements are used. According to the invention, the use of spherical rolling elements or rolling elements is also provided, the rolling element rotation axis of which is oriented tangentially to a central axis. Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention to use an elastomer body as a spring energy store. Use especially when submitting work spindles.

Description

Field of application and state of the art

The invention relates to a spring device for the axial suspension of two relatively movable in an axial direction relative to each other components. The invention further relates to a clamping device for a rotating work spindle for the radial displacement of clamping jaws provided on the work spindle.

A generic spring device has a first connection section, which is stationary relative to a first component of the two components in the axial direction, a second connection portion, which is stationary in the axial direction to a second component of the two components, a plurality of circumferentially distributed around a central axis extending in the axial direction first rolling elements, which are arranged in each case adjacent to a first and on a second rolling surface and an elastically deformable spring energy storage. It is provided in a generic spring device, that the first and the second rolling surface are formed and arranged such that a relative movement of the connecting portions in the axial direction and a relative movement of the rolling surfaces is effected in the axial direction. Furthermore, the first and the second rolling surface are shaped such that a relative movement of the rolling surfaces in the axial direction due to the respective rolling elements arranged between them also causes a relative movement of the rolling surfaces orthogonal to the axial direction. Said spring energy storage is arranged such that it is stretched or relaxed in a relative movement of the rolling surfaces orthogonal to the axial direction.

A generic spring device is from the DE 40 13 773 A1 known. In this document, a plurality of spring devices are described, with particular relevance, the spring means of 5a and 5b is. This generic spring device has two connection sections 534 . 546 to which axially stationary rolling surfaces 522 . 524 are provided. Between these rolling surfaces rolling elements are arranged, which at an axial displacement of the connecting portions a deflection of Abstützkörpern 502 Force radially outward. This movement of the support body 502 goes with the introduction of a tensile stress in a the support body 502 surrounding bobbin 500 associated.

The spring device of DE 40 13 773 A1 has positive qualities in many ways. Such is the shape of the rolling surfaces 522 . 524 in particular, the resulting spring characteristic of the spring device can be influenced in a simple manner.

However, the spring device is the DE 40 13 773 A1 to be improved in some aspects. Thus, the spring device is comparatively large and not yet ideal in terms of assembly. In particular, it is considered not ideal that the connection section 534 via slots with the stationary to the rolling surfaces 522 provided bolt 528 is coupled, what is required to connect the terminal section 534 despite the variable spacing of the support body 502 to ensure.

Task and solution

The object of the invention is to provide a spring device which reduces the disadvantages of the prior art. The object is also to provide a clamping device with such an improved spring device available.

The object is achieved by means of a total of three different aspects of the invention, which are preferably realized together, but which can also be realized separately from each other.

According to a first aspect of the invention it is provided that a plurality of circumferentially distributed around the central axis of the second rolling elements is provided, which are respectively disposed on a third and on a fourth rolling surface, that the third and the fourth rolling surface are formed such that a Relative movement of the rolling surfaces in the axial direction due to the respectively arranged between them second rolling element also causes a relative movement of these rolling surfaces orthogonal to the axial direction that further provided the first rolling surface axially stationary to the first connection section and the fourth rolling surface axially stationary to the second connection section is provided and that also the second Rolling surface and the third rolling surface fixed to each other and are provided axially movable relative to the first and the second connection portion.

According to a second aspect of the invention it is provided that either the first rolling elements each have a spherical shape and the first and the second rolling surface are formed with respect to the central axis rotationally symmetric rolling surfaces or that the first rolling elements deviating from the spherical shape with respect to a rolling element rotationally symmetrical shape and are arranged such that their rolling body axis is aligned tangentially with respect to the central axis.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, it is provided that the spring energy store is designed as an elastomeric body, which abuts against a support surface and is pressed in a relative movement of the rolling surfaces orthogonal to the axial direction of this support surface and thereby tensioned.

For all variants of the invention, the following statements apply. The operation of a spring device according to the invention is based on the fact that the change in the axial spacing of the connecting sections also causes a displacement of the first and second rolling surface and possibly the third and fourth rolling surface in the axial direction. Since the rolling surfaces have at least partially aligned with respect to the axial direction, this axial displacement leads by means of arranged between the rolling surfaces first and possibly second rolling element to a relative displacement of a rolling elements associated rolling surfaces from each other in a direction deviating from the axial direction, in particular in one Direction with an existing relative to the central axis radial component. In order to achieve a uniform relative displacement over the circumference, at least three first or second rolling elements are preferably provided, but in particular preferably significantly more, for example six or more. Said relative movement, which preferably takes place in that the rolling surface facing away from the center axis is moved outward relative to the center axis and opposite the center axis, is changed out of tension state of the spring energy storage. The spring energy store, which is preferably arranged on the outside of the outer axis of the two rolling elements associated rolling surfaces, so can absorb the energy introduced by axial displacement of the connecting portions partially and cause the axial movement of the opposite force on the connection sections. The spring energy storage can be charged for this purpose train or pressure. This will be explained below.

The rolling surface in the context of the present invention is understood to mean that surface which can come into contact with the rolling element when the spring device is used as intended. The spring device according to the invention can in each case have one or more first, second, third and fourth rolling surfaces, wherein furthermore in the use of the singular for a rolling surface all rolling surfaces of the same type are to be understood. An embodiment with several rolling surfaces of the same type can according to the DE 40 13 773 A1 each rolling element in each case have a first and a second or a third and a fourth rolling surface. However, embodiments are also included and described in detail below, in which a plurality of rolling elements share a rolling surface. The shape of the rolling surfaces in the axial direction determines how the relationship between an axial displacement of the rolling surfaces and a relative thereto orthogonal displacement. The desired spring characteristic of the spring device according to the invention as a whole can be influenced by an adaptation of the shaping of the rolling surfaces. Preferably, the first and the second rolling surface of a rolling body and the third and the fourth rolling surface of a rolling body are coordinated such that on both sides of a region of maximum spacing areas of reduced spacings join, so that a relative spacing of the rolling surfaces orthogonal to the axial direction regardless of whether the terminal portions are axially moved towards or away from each other. However, it is also conceivable that the first and / or the second or the third and / or the fourth rolling surface and / or the fourth rolling surface are divided into two and provided on different components, so that in each case a portion of the respective rolling surface of an axial relative direction of movement Connection sections is assigned.

According to the first aspect of the invention, the first and the fourth rolling surface, which are assigned to the plurality of first and the second rolling elements, are axially axially fixed in each case at the two connecting sections. The second and the third rolling surface each form the opposite rolling surfaces to the first and fourth rolling surface and are provided on an intermediate member movable axially relative to both connecting portions. Preferably, the first and the fourth rolling surface are provided at their respective associated terminal portions in a fixed distance from the central axis of the spring means, while the second and the third rolling surface with respect to the central axis radially, in particular outwardly, are designed to be movable. The spring energy storage is arranged such that it is stretched by the common deflection of the second and the third rolling surface with respect to the central axis. Starting from an untensioned state of the spring device, an axial change in distance of the two connection sections towards each other and / or away from each other thus causes the first rolling elements between the first and second rolling surface and the second rolling elements between the third and fourth rolling surface each having a deflection of the second and cause third rolling surface, said deflection relative to the central axis against the force of the spring energy storage and preferably to the same extent. The third and fourth rolling surface replace together with the second rolling elements thus compared with the aforementioned DE 40 13 773 A1 the connection via bolts and slots and at the same time participate in the tensioning of the spring energy storage.

Since the subunit with the third and fourth rolling surface and the second rolling body can be designed to be completely symmetrical to the first subunit with the first and second rolling surface and the first rolling elements, all embodiments set forth below for the first and second rolling surface and the first rolling elements also apply to the third and fourth rolling surfaces and the second rolling elements.

The second aspect of the invention can be realized in two ways. On the one hand, it is possible to use spherical rolling elements which are arranged between rolling surfaces which are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis. It is understood as a rotationally symmetric rolling surface and a rolling surface, which does not extend fully around the central axis, but only over an angular portion, preferably of at least 10 °, said rotational symmetry to the central axis. As an alternative to this first sub-variant, in a second sub-variant, the rolling elements are not formed as spherical bodies, but have a rotationally symmetrical shape and are arranged so that their rolling body axis is aligned tangentially to the central axis of the spring device.

For both types of construction applies that at an axial spacing of the connecting portions, the rolling elements rotate about Wälzkörperachsen which are tangential to the central axis. This orientation of the Wälzkörperachsen allows a particularly compact design of the spring device. All rolling elements can roll directly on the preferably tubular connection sections or provided on the outside of rolling surfaces and it requires no radially outwardly extending boom, as shown in the DE 40 13 773 A1 are known. In this embodiment, the rolling surfaces which are movable relative to the central axis are deflected at least largely (+/- 5 °) radially to the central axis in the course of the axial relative movement of the rolling surfaces. Preferably, all rolling elements are arranged at the same distance to the central axis.

In the sub-variant with deviating from the spherical shape of the rolling elements at least three rolling elements are preferably distributed over the circumference, each having its own first and second rolling surface. In the sub-variant with spherical rolling elements, a particular advantage is that they roll on relatively easy to produce rotationally symmetric rolling surfaces. It is preferably provided that the spherical first rolling elements share a plurality of first and / or second rolling surface. So it is particularly possible that a total of only a single first and / or a single second rolling surface is provided on the circumferentially distributed around the central axis all first rolling elements are arranged. This leads to considerable simplification during assembly, since the rolling elements no longer need to be placed individually on predetermined rolling surfaces for this purpose. The design with spherical rolling elements furthermore allows the first connection section and the second connection to be rotatable relative to one another about the central axis. The rolling elements on the rolling surfaces in the circumferential direction have the opportunity to move. The rotational mobility of the connection sections is given at least in the untensioned state of the spring device and leads to relief during assembly of the spring device. The rotational mobility does not have to be given by 360 °. If a plurality of separate first or second rolling surfaces are provided, a lower rotational mobility may also be provided.

Several first or second rolling surfaces are given when a rolling element is permanently assigned to a rolling surface and never comes into contact with the other rolling surface. However, a rolling surface may also be more divided and still be considered as a single rolling surface. This is the case when those rolling surface, which is spaced in the course of the tension of the spring body from the central axis, is provided on a plurality of mutually movable ring segments, which are arranged around the central axis. The segmentation ensures that these ring segments can be deflected radially, wherein they occupy a tangential distance from each other. Preferably, however, these ring segments are designed such that they abut each other at least in the untensioned state of the spring energy storage or spaced by a maximum of one quarter of the ball diameter of the rolling elements, so that the gap thus formed are overcome before the spherical rolling elements in a rotational movement of the terminal sections trouble-free can.

As already mentioned, the spring energy store is to be arranged such that it is tensioned by an increasing spacing of the first and second rolling surfaces. He can be designed for this purpose as a tension spring. However, it is also an embodiment as a compression spring possible. This is the third aspect of the present invention.

According to this third aspect of the spring energy storage is formed as an elastomeric body which is supported on a support surface and which is compressed at a deflection of the movable relative to the central axis rolling surface.

The spring energy storage can be several or a single, in particular one Have circumferentially on the outside of the second rolling surface provided elastomeric body, wherein for simplicity in the following is always spoken of the elastomeric body in the singular. The elastomeric body extends between the preferably radially outer support surface on the one hand and the opposite preferably radially inner rolling surface on the other hand. When the rolling surface, which is movable relative to the center axis, is deflected by the first rolling body, the elastomer body is compressed and thus acts essentially as a spring-energy accumulator loaded with pressure. The rolling surface which is movable relative to the central axis is preferably provided on a rigid, in particular metallic component, which rests against the elastomer body on the side opposite the support surface. Deviating from this, however, it is also possible to provide the rolling surface directly on the elastomer body, so that a separate carrier component for the relative to the central axis radially movable rolling surface is eliminated. The elastomer body for this purpose, as already explained above, be designed as a circumferential elastomer body. The attachment of the rolling surface directly on the elastomeric body allows in this case to dispense with mutually movable ring segments, since the elastomeric body allows the expansion of the outer rolling surface due to its deformability. Even if a slight tensile stress thus results in the tangential direction on the inside of the elastomer body, this does not change the fact that the energy absorption by the elastomer body is essentially stored by the compressive stress acting in the radial direction.

In addition to the simple and inexpensive design of a spring device, which is made possible by the elastomer body, the advantage of the elastomer body is also in the adjustability. For this purpose, it is preferably provided that the elastomeric body is received in a receiving space, wherein the size of the receiving space is variable by means of an adjusting device. Thus, for example, the position of the radially outwardly or radially inwardly facing support surface can be displaced in order to change the spring characteristic of the spring device as a whole. Similar is also possible via an adjustability, which aims at that the receiving space axially delimiting walls are displaced to change the deformability of the elastomeric body and thus the spring characteristic of the spring means.

In order to prevent the initiation of large axial forces in the terminal portions that they are completely separated from each other, a securing device is preferably provided. This securing device defines an axial maximum distance of the connection sections to one another, wherein it is preferably designed as a sleeve surrounding the connection sections, which is secured in a form-fitting manner against separation from the first connection section and from the second connection section.

As with other types of spring, an influence of the spring characteristic of a spring device according to the invention is possible in that a plurality of spring devices according to the invention are arranged in parallel or in series.

The invention further relates to a clamping device for a rotating work spindle for the radial displacement of clamping jaws provided on the work spindle. A generic clamping device has a housing for rotationally fixed attachment to a main body of the work spindle and a relative to the axis of rotation of the work spindle axially extending clamping member whose distal end is provided for at least indirect active coupling with the clamping jaws. Within the housing, a displacement element is rotatably mounted, which has an internal thread. This internal thread engages an external thread on the clamping member, so that a rotational movement of the displacement element relative to the housing causes an axial movement of the relative non-rotatable relative to the housing clamping member relative to the housing.

In such a tensioning device according to the invention a spring device of the type described above is used. By means of this spring device, it is possible to effect a rotational movement of the displacement element of the clamping device for clamping a workpiece or a tool into the clamping jaws, which goes beyond the extent required to bring the clamping jaws against the workpiece or tool. The rotational movement of the displacement element, which is additionally introduced after reaching this system state, leads to the desired state of stress in the spring energy storage of the spring device and thus ensures a sufficient holding force on the jaws even at high rotational speeds.

For the arrangement of the spring device according to the invention on the clamping device according to the invention, in particular two designs are conceivable. Thus, in a first variant, it is provided that the spring device is provided on the tensioning element itself between the external thread and the distal end, which acts on the clamping jaws, so that the first connection section of the Freder- device is axially stationary relative to the external thread and the second connection section of the spring device axially stationary is provided to the distal end. With such a configuration, the tensioning member is thus stretched or compressed as a whole for tensioning the spring energy store. Alternatively, it is possible that the spring device is provided between the rotatably mounted displacement element on the one hand and the housing of the clamping device on the other hand, so that the first connection portion of the spring means provided axially stationary to the displacement element and the second connection portion of the spring means is axially fixed to the housing of the clamping device. In such a design is thus provided that the displacement element with internal thread to a limited extent is axially movable relative to the housing. The advantage of such a design is that it can be recognized on the basis of the axial relative position of the displacement element to the housing alone, as the state of stress of the spring device is instantaneous. This is particularly advantageous to detect this by means of a displacement measuring device which measures the axial relative position of the displacement element to the housing.

Brief description of the drawings

Other advantages and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the claims and from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, which are explained with reference to FIGS. Showing:

1 and 2 A first embodiment of a spring device according to the invention,

3 to 6 Variants to the first embodiment,

7 and 8th a further embodiment of a spring device according to the invention and

9 and 10 a tensioning device according to the invention with a spring device according to the invention.

Detailed description of the embodiments

The 1 and 2 show a spring device according to the invention 110 in two sectional views. This spring device 110 is to the suspension of the movement of two connection sections 120 . 130 in an axial direction 2a . 2 B intended. The two connection sections 120 . 130 are each formed as a hollow tube and may be part of a further explained below clamping member of a clamping device. The in 1a left side connection section 130 has at its right-hand end a tapered section 130a on that in the right-hand connection section 120 is inserted, so that the connecting sections 120 . 130 to each other translationally only in the through the central axis 2 defined axial direction 2a . 2 B are mobile. On the outside is at the mutually facing ends of the connection sections 120 . 130 each a circumferential groove 122 . 132 intended.

The mutually facing ends of the connection sections 120 . 130 are outside of a sleeve 140 surrounded, which at its right-hand end an inwardly facing collar 142 which has approximately to the outer surface of the connection portion 130 enough. At the right-hand end of the sleeve 140 this has an internal thread 140a in which a collar section 143 with external thread 143a is screwed. A cylinder wall 141 the sleeve 140 , the collar 142 and the collar section 143 surround an annular space 145 , This annular space 145 is to the central axis 2 through one of four individual segments 150a - 150d existing circumferential ring 150 completed. Inside the recording room 145 is an annular elastomeric body 160 arranged.

The one out of the four segments 150a - 150d existing ring 150 is on the outside opposite to the grooves 122 . 132 the connection sections 120 . 130 arranged and has this in the normal position of 1a opposite corresponding grooves 152a . 152b on.

As can be seen in particular 2 results are between the outer ring 150 and the internal connection sections 120 . 130 in the area of the grooves 122 . 152a and 132 . 152b each a plurality of spherical rolling elements 170a . 170b arranged.

In the basic position of 1a is the annular elastomeric body 160 in a radial direction 4 already slightly compressed, so he the ring segments 150a - 150d of the circumferential ring 150 pushes inward in the direction of the central axis. This creates a state in which the rolling elements 170a . 170b each two-point contact with the outer and inwardly open groove 152a respectively. 152b on the one hand and the inner and outwardly open groove 122 . 132 on the other hand. This in the 1a and 2 illustrated basic state adjusts, if no axial direction 2a . 2 B acting force on the two connection sections 120 . 130 acts. In this basic state, it is possible to use the connection sections 120 . 130 against each other around the central axis 2 to twist, because the grooves 122 . 132 . 152a . 152b rolling surfaces 124 . 134 . 154a . 154b provide, along which the rolling elements 170 can roll around.

The property of the illustrated spring device 110 in terms of suspension, an axial on the connecting sections 120 . 130 acting force is determined by the 1b explained. If the connection sections 120 . 130 in the axial direction 2a . 2 B be pulled apart by a force As illustrated by the arrows F, the rolling elements roll 170a . 170b on the rolling surfaces 124 . 134 . 154a . 154b in the in 1b shown way. They are then only in single point contact with the rolling surfaces 124 . 134 . 154a . 154b , In the in 1b clarified way enforces the axial displacement of the rolling surfaces 124 . 134 relative to the rolling surfaces 154a . 154b and away from each other, that is also the distance of the rolling surfaces 124 . 134 on the one hand and 154a . 154b on the other hand in the radial direction 4 increased. Since the at the connecting sections 120 . 130 provided rolling surfaces 124 . 134 in terms of their spacing from the central axis are invariable, the opposite rolling surfaces must 154a . 154b together with the ring segments 150a - 150d of the ring 150 dodge radially outwards. This evasion goes with a reduction of the circumferential recording space 145 accompanied, so that the elastomer ring lying therein 160 against the cylinder section 141 pressed and compressed. The relative displacement of the connection sections 120 . 130 therefore takes place against the counterforce of the elastomeric ring 160 , As soon as the at the connecting sections 120 . 130 attacking force is eliminated, stretching the elastomer ring 160 back in, presses the ring segments 150a - 150d of the ring 150 again radially together, thereby causing a return of the terminal sections 120 . 130 in the starting position of the 1a ,

A similar effect is achieved when the connecting sections 120 . 130 be pressed in the opposite direction to each other. This also causes a deflection of the ring segments 150a - 150d to the outside and thus a compression of the elastomeric ring 160 , where compared with 1b the rolling elements 170a . 170b but here at the respective opposite portion of the respective rolling surface 124 . 134 . 154a . 154b issue.

Thus, by means of a very simple design, a spring device is provided, which provides a rotational mobility of the connecting sections elastically connected by it 120 . 130 allows. At the same time it provides the desired spring effect in a compact outer shape.

A special feature lies in the fact that the deflection of the ring segments 150a - 150d outward depending on the displacement of the connection sections 120 . 130 against each other about the shape of the rolling surfaces 124 . 134 . 154a . 154b can be adjusted easily. 3 illustrates this with an alternative design in which the grooves 122 . 132 . 154a . 154b have a lower slope on their flanks. Thus, the deflection of the ring segments 150a - 150d with the same displacement of the connection sections 120 . 130 against each other less. The spring characteristic of the spring device 110 thus becomes flatter. Through more complex non-linear shapes of the rolling surfaces 124 . 134 . 154a . 154b can be effected very specific to the application case directed spring characteristics.

Another way to adjust the spring characteristic is the displaceability of the collar portion 143 opposite the sleeve 140 , When the collar section 143 to a lesser extent than in 1a and 1b shown in the sleeve 140 is screwed, resulting in a larger receiving space 145 which is due to a radial movement of the ring segments 150a - 150d to the outside a lighter evasion of the elastomeric body 160 allowed, so that this way a flatter spring characteristic can be achieved.

4 shows an alternative design in which the sleeve 140 in the direction of the receiving space, a conical support surface 140b having. A likewise conical supporting surface 143b is at one in the sleeve 140 screw-in collar section 143 intended. Corresponding to these two conical surfaces in the opposite direction 142b . 143b also has the elastomer ring 160 an outer surface 160a on, which has two correspondingly employed conical faces. This makes it possible, the position of the outer surface 160a of the elastomeric ring 160 to influence in the radial direction and thereby to the properties of the spring device 110 To influence.

Another special feature of the variant of 4 is because of both the sleeve 140 as well as on the collar section 143 inward-pointing and circumferential securing ridges 140c . 143c are provided. Corresponding to this are at the connection sections 120 . 130 outwardly facing securing bars 120c . 130c intended. The safety bars 120c . 130c . 140c . 143c work together to ensure complete separation of the terminal sections 120 . 130 prevented from each other.

The variant of 5 provides that deviating from the design of the 1a . 1b and 2 not a multi-segment ring 150 is provided of a metallic material, but instead the grooves 152a . 152b with rolling surfaces 154a . 154b directly on the elastomer ring 160 are provided.

6 shows an embodiment, which in turn is a variant of the embodiment of 1a . 1b and 2 represents. In this variant, the connection sections 120 . 130 as well as the ring 150 and the rolling elements according to the embodiment of 1a . 1b and 2 educated. However, there is no sleeve 140 intended. Furthermore, as Federenergiespeicher no elastomeric ring provided, which is supported on an outside surface and upon displacement of the connection sections 120 . 130 is loaded on pressure. Instead, there is a CFRP band loaded with tension 162 circumferentially on the outside of the ring segments 150a - 150d at. If, as in 1b shown, the connecting sections 120 . 130 spaced apart, this leads to a tensile stress in this CFRP band 162 , The variant of 6 illustrates how small a spring device according to the invention 110 can be trained.

The 7 and 8th show a further modification of the embodiment of 1 , Also in this case are in a direction of the central axis 2 extended axial direction 2a . 2 B mutually displaceable connection sections 220 . 230 provided, on whose outer side each grooves 222 . 232 are arranged, the inside rolling surfaces 224 . 234 for rolling elements 270a . 270b provide. Also on the outside the design resembles the 7 and 8th the design of the 1a . 1b and 2 , So is also a metallic ring 250 with four ring segments 250a - 250 d provided, wherein in the ring segments corresponding to the inside rolling surfaces 224 . 234 outside rolling surfaces 254a . 254b intended. Outside of the ring 250 is again an annular elastomeric body 260 Arranged in a reception room 245 a sleeve 240 is provided.

The relevant difference between the embodiments of 1a . 1b and 2 on the one hand and the 7 and 8th on the other hand lies in the shape of the rolling elements. How the particular 8th it can be seen, are the rolling elements 270a . 270b Cylindrical in this embodiment. Furthermore, the total of twelve first rolling elements 270a and twelve second rolling elements 270b each have their own inside rolling surface 224 respectively. 234 and its own outside rolling surface 254a respectively. 254b assigned. The rolling surfaces 224 . 234 . 254a . 254b do not merge into each other, so that a rotational mobility of the connection sections 220 . 230 against each other is not given.

This embodiment of the 7 and 8th leads to a compact spring device 210 , in particular by the arrangement of the rolling elements 270a . 270b and their rotational mobility about tangential to the central axis 2 aligned rolling body axes of rotation 272a . 272b ,

The 9 and 10 show a clamping device according to the invention 380 this has a housing attachable to a rotating spindle housing 382 with firmly connected sections 382a . 382b , This case 382 surrounds a tension tube 386 passing through the tensioning device 380 axially in the axial direction 2a . 2 B is relocatable. In a manner not shown, this axial movement of the clamping tube 386 used to move clamping jaws on the work spindle radially. This is an adjustment 384 in the case 382 arranged, which by means of a bearing assembly 383 opposite the housing 382 is rotatable. On the inside of the adjusting link 384 is an internal thread 384a provided, which with an external thread 386a on the tension tube 386 cooperates to the effect that a rotational movement of the adjusting member 384 around the central axis 2 an axial displacement of the clamping tube 386 causes. For driving the adjusting link 384 this has an external toothing 384b on, in the mounted state an in 9 not shown drive pinion acts.

The adjusting member 384 is in the axial direction 2a . 2 B not completely stationary to the housing 382 intended. Instead, a spring device according to the invention 310 provided that a limited spring-loaded translational axial movement of the adjusting member 384 opposite the housing 382 guaranteed.

The spring device 310 has an axial against the adjusting member 384 immovable first connection section 320 and an outside arranged and axially stationary to the housing 382 fixed connection section 350 , This connection section 350 is similar to the rings 150 . 250 the previous embodiments as a ring with a total of four ring segments 350a to 350d formed, which allow a radial deflection. Between the inner connection component 320 and the outer terminal component 350 are spherical rolling elements 370 arranged in two circumferential rows. For receiving these rolling elements 370 are at the inner connection section 320 two grooves 322a . 322b with rolling surfaces 324a . 324b intended. Accordingly, at the ring segments 350a to 350d of the outer ring 350 groove 352a . 352b provided, the rolling surfaces 354a . 354b provide. Outside of the ring 350 is again one in a recording room 345 arranged elastomeric ring 360 arranged.

If now via a rotary movement of the adjusting member 384 opposite the housing 382 an axial displacement of the clamping tube 386 takes place, so remains the setting member 384 this initially axially largely stationary to the housing 382 , Only when all clamping jaws bear against the workpiece or tool to be clamped and a further axial movement of the clamping tube 386 Therefore, no longer possible leads to a continued rotational movement of the adjusting member 384 to a tensioning of the spring device 310 , This results in an axial displacement of the inner connection portion 320 opposite the outer terminal section 350 to a radial deflection of the ring segments 350a to 350d and thus to a compression of the elastomer body 360 , The elastomer body 360 As spring energy storage acts permanently in this tensioned state in the direction of an axial movement of the adjusting member 384 and thus the tension tube 386 , so that the object clamped by means of the clamping jaws is permanently held by this clamping force.

In principle, it could also be provided that the adjusting member 384 opposite the housing 382 axially immovable and only rotatable. The spring device 310 could in this case on the left side section of the clamping tube 386 be arranged and designed according to the above-described embodiments. The advantage according to the embodiment of 9 and 10 lies in the fact that the axial displacement of the adjusting member 384 opposite the housing 382 allows a simple detection of the clamping state. This is purely exemplary in the embodiment of 9 and 10 an odometer 390 provided, the stationary on the housing 382 is arranged and is suitable, the position of an opposite axially stationary on the adjusting member 384 provided ring 392 capture.

For the design of 9 and 10 is further noted that the use of rolling elements 370 on two separate tracks this is not absolutely necessary, but only serves the purpose of tilting the ring segments 350a to 350d to avoid their radial deflection. For otherwise suitable guidance of the ring segments 350a to 350d can on the second row of rolling elements 370 be waived.

Unless otherwise indicated, all components of the exemplary embodiments mentioned are largely rigid components, in particular metallic components.

Claims (11)

Spring device ( 110 ; 210 ; 310 ) for the axial suspension of two in an axial direction ( 2a . 2 B ) against each other relatively movable components with - a first connection section ( 120 ; 220 ; 320 ) leading to a first component of the two components in the axial direction ( 2a . 2 B ) is stationary, - a second connection section ( 130 ; 230 ; 350 ) leading to a second component of the two components in the axial direction ( 2a . 2 B ) is stationary, - a plurality of circumferentially about an axially extending central axis ( 2 ) distributed first rolling elements ( 170a ; 270a ; 370 ), each at a first and at a second rolling surface ( 124 . 154a ; 224 . 254a ; 324a . 324b . 354a . 354b ) are arranged adjacent, and - an elastically deformable spring energy storage ( 160 ; 162 ; 260 ; 360 ), wherein - the first and the second rolling surface ( 124 . 154a ; 224 . 254a ; 324a . 324b . 354a . 354b ) are formed and arranged such that by a relative movement of the connecting portions ( 120 . 130 ; 220 . 230 ; 320 . 350 ) in the axial direction ( 2a . 2 B ) also a relative movement of the first rolling surface ( 124 ; 224 ; 324a . 324b ) opposite the second rolling surface ( 154a ; 254a ; 354a . 354b ) in the axial direction ( 2a . 2 B ), - the first and the second rolling surface ( 124 . 154a ; 224 . 254a ; 324a . 324b . 354a . 354b ) are shaped such that the relative movement of the first and second rolling surfaces in the axial direction ( 2a . 2 B ) due to the respective rolling elements ( 170a . 270a . 370 ) also a relative movement of the first rolling surface ( 124 ; 224 ; 324a . 324b ) opposite the second rolling surfaces ( 154a ; 254a ; 354a . 354b ) orthogonal to the axial direction ( 2a . 2 B ) causes and - the spring energy storage ( 160 ; 162 ; 260 ; 360 ) is arranged such that it during a relative movement of the rolling surfaces ( 124 . 154a ; 224 . 254a ; 324a . 324b . 354a . 354b ) is tensioned or relaxed orthogonal to the axial direction, characterized in that - a plurality of circumferentially about the central axis ( 2 ) distributed second rolling elements ( 170b ; 270b ), which in each case at a third and at a fourth rolling surface ( 134 . 154b ; 234 . 254b ) are arranged adjacent to each other, - the third and the fourth rolling surface ( 134 . 154b ; 234 . 254b ) are shaped such that a relative movement of the third and fourth rolling surfaces in the axial direction ( 2a . 2 B ) due to the respectively arranged between them second rolling body ( 170b ; 270b ) also a relative movement of the third rolling surface ( 154b ; 254b ) opposite the fourth rolling surface ( 134 . 234 ) orthogonal to the axial direction ( 2a . 2 B ), - the first rolling surface ( 124 ; 224 ) axially fixed to the first connection section ( 120 ; 220 ) and the fourth rolling surface ( 134 ; 234 ) axially stationary to the second connection section ( 230 ) is provided and - the second rolling surface ( 154a ; 254a ) and the third rolling surface ( 154b ; 254b ) axially fixed relative to each other and axially relative to the first and the second terminal portion ( 120 . 130 ; 220 . 230 ) are movably provided. Spring device ( 110 ; 210 ; 310 ) according to one of the preceding claim 1 or according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that - the first rolling elements ( 170a ; 370 ) each have a spherical shape and the first and the second rolling surface ( 124 . 154a ; 324a . 324b . 354a . 354b ) as related to the central axis ( 2 ) rotationally symmetric rolling surfaces are formed or - the first rolling elements ( 270a ) a deviating from the spherical shape with respect to a Wälzkörperachse ( 272a ) have rotationally symmetrical shape and are arranged such that their Wälzkörperachse ( 272a ) in each case relative to the central axis ( 2 ) is aligned tangentially. Spring device ( 110 ; 310 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first connection section ( 120 ; 320 ) and the second connection section ( 130 ; 350 ) against each other about the central axis ( 2 ) are rotatable. Spring device ( 110 ; 310 ) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the first or the second rolling surface ( 154a ; 354a . 354b ) of a first rolling element ( 170a . 370 ) on a plurality of mutually movable ring segments ( 150a - 150d ; 350a - 350d ) is provided. Spring device ( 110 ; 210 ; 310 ) according to one of the preceding claims or according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the spring energy store ( 160 ; 260 ; 360 ) as an elastomeric body ( 160 ; 260 ; 360 ) is formed, which on a support surface ( 141 ; 251 . 382a ) and in a relative movement of the rolling surfaces ( 124 . 154a ; 224 . 254a ; 324a . 324b . 354a . 354b ) orthogonal to the axial direction ( 2a . 2 B ) is pressed against this support surface and thereby tensioned. Spring device ( 110 ) according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one rolling surface ( 154a . 154b ) directly on the elastomer body ( 160 ) is provided. Spring device ( 110 ; 210 ) according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the elastomeric body ( 160 ; 260 ) in a recording room ( 145 ; 245 ), wherein the size of the receiving space by means of an adjusting device ( 143 ; 243 ) is changeable. Spring device ( 110 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a safety device ( 120c . 130c . 140c . 143c ) is provided which a complete separation of the terminal sections ( 120 . 130 ) are prevented from each other, wherein on the securing device preferably the support surface ( 141 ) for the elastomeric body ( 160 ) is provided. Clamping device ( 280 ) for a rotating work spindle for the radial displacement of clamping jaws provided on the work spindle, comprising - a housing ( 382 ) for rotationally fixed attachment to a main body of the work spindle, - one with respect to the axis of rotation ( 2 ) of the work spindle axially extending tendon ( 386 ), whose distal end is provided for at least indirect active coupling with the clamping jaws, - one in the housing ( 382 ) rotatably mounted displacement element ( 384 ) with an internal thread ( 384a ), which with an external thread ( 386a ) on the tendon ( 386 ) is engaged, so that a rotational movement of the displacement element ( 384 ) relative to the housing ( 382 ) an axial movement of the tendon ( 386 ) relative to the housing ( 382 ), characterized in that the tensioning device is a spring device ( 310 ) according to one of the preceding claims. Clamping device according to claim 9, characterized in that the spring device ( 110 ; 210 ) on the tendon ( 386 ) between the external thread ( 386a ) and the distal end, so that the first connection section ( 120 ; 220 ) of the spring device ( 110 ; 210 ) axially fixed to the external thread ( 386a ) and the second connection section ( 130 ; 230 ) of the spring device ( 110 ; 210 ) is provided axially fixed to the distal end. Clamping device according to claim 9, characterized in that the spring device ( 310 ) between the rotatably mounted displacement element ( 384 ) and the housing ( 382 ) of the tensioning device ( 380 ) is provided so that the first conclusion section ( 320 ) of the spring device ( 310 ) axially stationary to the displacement element ( 384 ) and the second connection section ( 350 ) of the spring device ( 310 ) axially fixed to the housing ( 382 ) of the tensioning device ( 380 ) is provided.

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