DE102015202313A1 - balancer shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

Balancing shaft for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, with a mass balance weight and at least two bearing sections, which are formed by bearing rings, wherein the mass balance weight radially outwardly circumferential recesses, in which the bearing rings can be introduced. The inventive design, a large weight potential is exploited and drastically reduces the manufacturing cost of the balance shaft.

Description

The invention relates to a balance shaft for a reciprocating internal combustion engine with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

• – Lagerabschnitte, an denen Gleitlager angeordnet sind,
• – Gewichtsabschnitte, an denen Gegengewichte angeordnet sind,
• – eine Längsbohrung in ungefähr axialer Richtung durch die Lagerabschnitte und Gewichtsabschnitte zur Versorgung der Gleitlager in den Lagerabschnitten mit Schmierflüssigkeit,
• – die Längsbohrung ist exzentrisch zur Drehachse der Massenausgleichswelle angeordnet und
• – die Mitte der Längsbohrung ist in Richtung der Gegengewichte versetzt angeordnet.

The technical environment, for example, the German patent application DE 10 2004 011 820 A1 pointed. From this publication, a mass balancing shaft for an internal combustion engine having the following features:

• - bearing sections, on which plain bearings are arranged,
• Weight sections on which counterweights are arranged,
• A longitudinal bore in an approximately axial direction through the bearing sections and weight sections for supplying the sliding bearings in the bearing sections with lubricating fluid,
• - The longitudinal bore is arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation of the mass balance shaft and
• - The center of the longitudinal bore is offset in the direction of the counterweights.

With this known mass balance shaft, a lighter mass balance shaft is shown, which is lighter at the same mass forces and moments generated without losing rigidity.

However, a lightweight mass balance shaft is not yet shown with this known, lightweight mass balance shaft.

Another generic mass balance shaft is from the German patent application DE 10 2013 200 237 A1 known. In this publication, a multi-part balancer shaft is proposed for an internal combustion engine, which is mounted in a housing, wherein the shaft body consists of at least two sheet metal forming layers and forms a cavity for receiving at least one weight in at least two sheet metal forming layers.

Even with this known mass balance shaft, the maximum mass saving is not yet shown.

From the Japanese patent application JP 2000-186746 A Another mass balance shaft is known, in which the mass balance weights and the bearing sections can be introduced into a longitudinally slotted hollow shaft.

Balancing shafts are generally made in one piece, with few exceptions, as shown above. Especially with roller bearings mounted balance shafts they are forged from a rolling steel. To alleviate weight, for example, there are patent applications and patents which save material in the unloaded area of storage.

By manufacturing one piece, the weight potentials for mass reduction of the balance shaft are not fully exploited.

The use of high-quality, cost-intensive bearing steels is necessary for the entire balance shaft. The usual production methods for balancer shafts are generally limited to forging components.

Object of the present invention is to present a balance shaft, which is cost-effective in the production, while the maximum mass savings potential is exhausted.

This object is solved by the features in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

The proposal according to the invention is to assemble the balance shaft of a plurality of components, wherein the material use is substantially reduced to the balance weights. In the balancing weights recesses (production by turning and / or milling and / or grinding, etc.) are introduced radially outward circumferential, which serve to receive the bearing rings, which are threaded and fixed in position. The bearing rings are axially and radially fixed in position by the mass balance weight. The bearing rings extend at least 180 ° over the circumference of the mass balance weight. A compound of the balancing weights with the bearing rings is possible for example by positive engagement, joining, soldering, welding or gluing.

The balance weights can thus be made inexpensively from a material that does not have to be able to roll. Thus, a wide range of materials is given, which is not limited to steel. From the point of view of the balancing weight, it is desirable to choose a material with the highest possible density.

To achieve functionally required stiffness, if necessary, z. B. ribs, preferably longitudinal ribs, are arranged on the balance weight.

For weight reasons, lighter materials, such as aluminum, fiber composite material (CFRP), etc., can be used for this purpose, as for the balance weights themselves, which provides an additional weight saving potential.

The manufacturing process of balancing weights is thus not limited to the Forging expensive bearing steel, but allows a wide range of manufacturing processes such as casting, sintering, mechanical manufacturing and forming, such. B. forging.

The bearing rings are preferably commercially available bearing rings, which are mainly made of bearing steel, such as. 100Cr6.

Of course, the balance shaft according to the invention for any reciprocating internal combustion engine (regardless of the number of cylinders) are provided, it is preferably provided in three- or four-cylinder reciprocating internal combustion engines.

• – maximale Ausnutzung des Gewichtseinsparpotentials,
• – es ist die Verwendung preisgünstiger, handelsüblicher Lagerringe möglich,
• – es ist sind die Verwendung und der Einsatz günstigerer Werkstoffe für das Massenausgleichsgewicht möglich und dies unabhängig vom Fertigungsverfahren (Schmieden, Gießen, ...),
• – eine aufwändige Bearbeitung der Lagerlaufbahn auf der Ausgleichswelle kann eingespart werden (Härten, Schleifen, Finishen),
• – es ist die Verwendung leichter Materialien zur Funktionserreichung wie z. B. von Rippen, bevorzugt Längsrippen, für die Steifigkeit möglich.

Overall, the following advantages thus result from the inventive design of the balance shaft:

• Maximum utilization of the weight saving potential,
• It is possible to use low-cost, commercially available bearing rings,
• - it is the use and the use of cheaper materials for the mass balance weight possible and this regardless of the manufacturing process (forging, casting, ...),
• - An elaborate processing of the bearing raceway on the balance shaft can be saved (hardening, grinding, finishing),
• - It is the use of lightweight materials for functional achievement such. B. of ribs, preferably longitudinal ribs, for the rigidity possible.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to three exemplary embodiments in three figures.

1 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of a three-dimensionally illustrated, according to the invention balance shaft.

2 shows a plan view of a second embodiment of a three-dimensionally illustrated, according to the invention balance shaft.

3 shows a plan view of a third embodiment of a three-dimensionally illustrated, according to the invention balance shaft.

1 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of a three-dimensionally illustrated, according to the invention balance shaft 1 , In this embodiment, it is a balancing shaft 1 for a four-cylinder inline reciprocating internal combustion engine. Of course, the inventive design can also be provided for a three-cylinder reciprocating internal combustion engine.

The balance shaft according to the invention 1 consists essentially of a mass balance weight 2 with two threaded bearing rings 3 . 3 ' , For a drive of the balance shaft is at the mass balance weight 2 front end a drive end 6 arranged on which for the operation, that is the rotation of the balance shaft 1 For example, a gear or a toothed belt wheel can be arranged.

According to the invention, the mass balance weight 2 two radially outer recesses 4 on, in which the bearing rings can be introduced after threading. The depressions can be introduced into the mass balance weight, for example, by turning and / or milling and / or grinding or sintering, etc. In this first embodiment, the bearing rings extend 3 . 3 ' 360 ° radially outward around the mass balance weight 2 , Thus, the balance shaft according to the invention 1 assembled from several components, wherein essentially the material used on the mass balance weight 2 is reduced.

The bearing rings 3 . 3 ' be axially and radially from the radially outer circumferential recesses 4 in the mass balance weight 2 fixed in position. A compound of the mass balance weight 2 with the bearing rings 3 . 3 ' is possible, for example, by pure positive engagement, as in the present embodiment, or by joining or soldering or welding or gluing. The mass balance weight 2 can thus be made of a material that does not have to be able to roll. Thus, a wide range of materials is given in an advantageous manner, which is not limited to steel. From functional view of the mass balance weight 2 The aim is to choose a material with the highest possible density.

The manufacturing process of mass balance weight 1 is thus not limited to forging of bearing steel, but allows a wide field, such as casting, sintering, mechanical manufacturing and forming.

The bearing rings 3 . 3 ' are preferably commercially available (inexpensive), and are preferably made of bearing steel, such as. B. 100Cr6 manufactured.

In 2 in which the same reference numbers as in 1 apply, is a second embodiment of a balance shaft according to the invention 1 shown. The balance shaft 1 in 2 differs from the embodiment in 1 in that the bearing rings 3 . 3 ' are also weight-optimized, ie material is saved on non-bearing bearing ring sections. This allows a further weight reduction for the balance shaft according to the invention 1 ,

3 , in which the same reference numbers as in 1 apply, shows a third embodiment of a balance shaft according to the invention 1 , The third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in FIG 1 in that the balance shaft 1 at the mass balance weight 2 in the axial direction, a stiffening strut 5 having. This stiffening strut 5 can also be made of a lighter material, such. As aluminum or fiber composite material (CFRP), which offers additional weight saving potential.

In the present embodiment, the stiffening strut 5 rectangular, but may have any cross-sections in other embodiments. Of course, the stiffening strut 5 also for the second embodiment in 2 be used.

• – Ausnutzung eines maximalen Gewichtseinsparpotentiales,
• – es ist die Verwendung kostengünstiger, handelsüblicher Lagerringe möglich,
• – es ist der Einsatz günstiger Werkstoffe für das Massenausgleichsgewicht 2 möglich, unabhängig vom Fertigungsverfahren (Schmieden, Gießen, ...),
• – es kann die aufwändige Bearbeitung der Lagerlaufbahn auf der Ausgleichswelle 1 eingespart werden (Härten, Schleifen, Finishen),
• – es ist die Verwendung leichter Materialien zur Funktionserreichung, wie z. B. Versteifungsstreben für die Steifigkeit möglich.

Thus, the inventive design of the balancer shaft 1 for the following advantages:

• - utilization of a maximum weight saving potential,
• - It is the use of low-cost, commercially available bearing rings possible,
• - It is the use of favorable materials for the mass balance weight 2 possible, regardless of the manufacturing process (forging, casting, ...),
• - It can be the time-consuming processing of the bearing raceway on the balance shaft 1 saved (hardening, grinding, finishing),
• - It is the use of lightweight materials to achieve the function, such. B. stiffening struts for stiffness possible.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

balancer shaft

2

Counterbalancing weight

3, 3 '

bearing ring

4

deepening

5

Versteifungsstrebe

6

drive end

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102004011820 A1 [0002]
• DE 102013200237 A1 [0005]
• JP 2000-186746 A [0007]

Claims (8)

Balance shaft ( 1 ) for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, with a mass balance weight ( 2 ) and at least two bearing sections supported by bearing rings ( 3 . 3 ' ), characterized in that the mass balance weight ( 2 ) radially outer circumferential recesses ( 4 ) into which the bearing rings ( 3 . 3 ' ) can be introduced. Balancing shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing rings ( 3 . 3 ' ) at least 180 ° radially outward around the mass balance weight ( 2 ). Balancing shaft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mass balance weight ( 2 ) in the axial direction, a stiffening strut ( 5 ) having. Balancing shaft according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bearing rings ( 3 . 3 ' ) by positive engagement or soldering or welding or gluing with the balance weight ( 2 ) are connectable. Balancing shaft according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bearing rings ( 3 . 3 ' ) are made of a bearing steel. Balance shaft according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the mass balance weight ( 2 ) can be produced by casting or sintering or forging. Balance shaft according to one of the claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the stiffening strut ( 5 ) is made of a light metal or a fiber composite material. Balance shaft according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the balance shaft ( 1 ) is provided for a three- or a four-cylinder internal combustion engine.

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