DE102006038946A1 - Rotary vane pump or motor for pumping fluid or producing torque has radial movement of vanes controlled by parabolic sliding track - Google Patents

Abstract

The pump or motor has a double-mounted rotor (20) with slots for the vanes (30) attached to opposite ones by thin bolts (34) in a housing (10). The vanes pass through a separating sector (IV), a working sector (II) and two transition sectors (I, III). The radial movement of the vanes is controlled by a parabolic sliding track (18).

Description

These The invention relates to a vane machine, which priority with liquid is operated and as a motor, as well as a pump for high performance should be used and equipped with self-regulating radial wing is. The vane machine according to the invention can be used to drive the wheels be used by vehicles or work machines, which a big torque at the lowest speed and also at high speeds. These Vane machine consists of a cylindrical Rotor in the four opposite, radially movable wings, which with two thin ones Bolts are connected, incorporated and are in one Casing, which is in a sector of 90 ° itself sealing on the rotor adapts, warts in the opposite Sector, the housing to the half-extended wing, circular arc sealingly rests.

The remaining two sectors are the transition areas in which the wing change position and are controlled by parabolic slideways, which through their passages also allow the inflow and outflow from the machine.

With WO 95/06819 is the solution a vane machine known.

These However, registration is in practice a pump for viscous media, e.g. liquid concrete. These Pump is likely As a concrete pump certainly work, as not very high Pressure and not working at high speeds. For high hydraulic Performances, as a pump or motor, this vane pump is not suitable.

The relatively thick wings in the rotor provide a mechanical connection between the input and the output of this machine, which have different pressures. If this machine is used as a motor, it must have high mechanical energy be spent on the wing with the relatively large Cross section, in the pressure chamber to push. would in the wing slots of the rotor recesses for the pressure balance be present, so the effort would be to move the wing lower, but still present, because of the cross section of the strong Connecting bolts that make shifting work difficult.

Around high pressures to transfer with good sealing performance, have to the sealing joints as possible be long and parallel. In this concrete pump was the sealing joint on the wing reduced by recesses, which by their use makes sense. For a high pressure, hydraulic machine would not be the recesses meaningful.

The wing this concrete pump are in the work area about two-thirds off pushed out the rotor, resulting in the relatively low working pressure is still acceptable. At high hydraulic pressure it would become too Jamming or even damage come.

Of the size Extension of the wings from the rotor can guarantee no exact wing guide and high Speeds are only conditionally possible.

Of the Separation area, where the wings between the entrance and the exit completely are retracted in the rotor, is a long and parallel sealing joint for high pressures very much to the advantage.

These however, a long parallel sealing joint is very unfavorable for a concrete pump. In spite of many technical measures concrete residues get into the joint and create high friction, in which the little grains of sand stand up and strongly obstruct the movement of the rotor or even destroy the rotor can.

These Disadvantages are somewhat reduced with another solution according to WO 97/22807. Here are now six wings in the rotor, and here too the opposite wing connected with two bolts. The sealing joint between entrance and Output shortened here on one sixth of the rotor circumference, which for the concrete pump better is and for a high pressure pump less well.

The transition area, where the wings change from retracted to extended state on the rotor, extends here at two-sixths. That's for an exact wing guide and higher speeds Cheap.

The End faces of the wings are beveled in this application to the rear, so that seals only one Edge the working space to the inner wall of the housing. That's for a concrete pump feasible, for one hydraulic high pressure pump would be an edge seal is not sufficient.

six wing on a rotor reduce the working space at the same stroke and convey less material per revolution and generate more mechanical friction and more expensive Structurally, the vane pump.

Further is with DE-GM 88 05 078 another solution known.

These Pump, which with liquid or gas can work, almost always has the same inner diameter, although the cross section is not circular.

The four wings consist of two plates of equal length, width and thickness. Farther Both plates have a recess in the middle on one side as wide as the radial movement of the wings is and the depth reaches to the half the wing width.

The two pairs of wings are mirror-inverted and crossed taken up in the crosswise slotted rotor. The slotted Rotor is held together by a short one-sided extension and is stored on one side. This rotor is located with its wings in a housing, in that in a sector of 90 ° the Sealing the housing rests against the rotor.

There the wing pairs consistent Plates are, so it is structurally possible, the wings to almost in half the rotor diameter, to push out of the rotor, what here is done.

Thereby can in a turn the largest possible amount on gas or liquid be moved when it comes to low pressures. Very high pressures can be Destroy the machine.

in the The area of inflow and outflow are guide curves, which form-fitting and palpating the pair of wings move to the opposite position while the opposite guide curve the wings support.

The guide curves are designed according to the principle of a curve of the same diameter. That is also true for the two mentioned above Registrations too.

The means; The radial displacement of the pair of wings in the entire displacement range always has the same speed.

at low speeds, that is harmless, but at very high would have to the wings from radial retirement in the work area, to change in the shift area, abruptly take the full shift speed. That would first as beating noises noticeable and then as destruction the machine.

Therefore is this machine for high hydraulic performance, high pressure and high speed, not suitable, but is very simple and inexpensive in construction the production.

The object of the invention is to design a vane machine so that
the liquids with high pressure, at very low speeds, but also at high speeds, as a pump to promote, and from high hydraulic pressures to provide high torque at low speeds, but also to allow a high speed.

According to the invention this Task by the application of the vane machine with the characterizing Part of the features defined in claim 1 solved.

The Essence of the inventive elements is the one-sided druckbelasstete wing are freed from radial movement, whereby only a slight sliding friction accrues, which at pressure increase itself not, or only slightly increased.

in the Area of radial movement, the wings from both sides with the flushed with the same pressure, are thus freed from unilateral pressure and thus can be the wings move easily.

The Invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.

In the associated 5 drawings show:

1 shows the open cross-section of this vane machine with the sectors. The slides are located here in the middle of the sectors.

2 shows the section AA and the slide are here at the border areas of the sectors and you can see the hollow of the slide.

3 shows a longitudinal section and you can see here the connecting pins, the shaft and the stub shaft with the bearings.

4 shows a perspective view into the housing with the rotor removed and the housing cover removed and you can see the diagonally slotted through holes and a connecting piece.

5 shows a single pair of wings with the corresponding openings, cavities and the connecting pins.

The vane machine consists of a housing 10 with a housing cover 11 , each with a roller bearing 13 for the wave 24 and the stub shaft 25 ,

Inside is a roller-shaped rotor 20 with four opposite rotor slots 21 in which there are radially movable wings 30 are located.

These wings 30 are however with two thin connection bolts 34 firmly with the opposite wing 30 connected with each other.

Consequently yield four moving wings, two pairs of wings.

The thin connecting bolts 34 must with matching through hole 22 through the cylindrical rotor 20 from a rotor slot 21 to the opposite rotor slot 21 be passed.

The arrangement of the thin connecting bolts 34 , opposite the other pair of wings 30 , something must be placed offset, otherwise they are in the middle of the rotor 20 hinder.

The thin connecting bolts 34 should be as thin as possible, but as thick as necessary, because they must be able to absorb centrifugal forces, displacement forces and certain compressive forces.

By connecting the wings 30 with the thin connecting bolts 34 , the wings control each other, that of the parabolic slideway 18 the inner surface of the housing is introduced and from the opposite parabolic slideway 18 is intercepted.

pressure springs are superfluous.

Basically, too more than two wing pairs be incorporated.

It But there is no advantage if more than two slide pairs installed As the friction increases, the working space becomes smaller the rotor becomes more unstable and the cost becomes higher.

The cross section of the housing 10 you have to visually imagine in four equal sectors.

This can also be in the 1 detect.

In a range of 90 ° in sector IV is the housing 10 like a quarter of a bearing shell exactly on the rotor 20 at. This sector IV separates and seals the pressure difference between the entrance 14 and the exit 16 the vane machine.

The thin connecting bolts 34 are attached in the way they face the opposite wing 30 half the wing length from the rotor 20 push out, which is also in the sector of 90 °, sealingly against the circular arc-shaped housing inner wall 19 adapts. That is sector II and the working area of this vane machine, which is with the side wall 12 forms a closed cell.

The wing end face 33 has the same curvature as that inner casing in this area.

The relatively large Thickness of the wing achieves a greater sealing effect.

Between these two sectors, in which the wings are once retracted and extended opposite, are the transition sectors I and III. The inner sides of the case have the shape of parabolic curves and close, as controlling parabolic slideways 18 , exactly tangential to the subsequent circular arcs.

Before the extended wing with the radial rest position leaves the working area of sector II, so closes first the following wing the workspace.

If all four wings are located exactly in the transitional area, then in sector II a tightly closed cell is formed for a short time, hence cell machine s. 2 , If the region of the radial rest position is left by further rotation of the rotor, the vane first gives the passages of the overflow channel 35 free, there is pressure equalization and the wings 30 can now be moved without stress.

So the wings move first slowly increasingly faster in the radial direction. In the middle of Displacement sectors I and III is the radial displacement speed the highest and then take off again.

This is similar to the movement of the piston in the crank motor. Here the piston has the highest speed in the middle of the dead center and in the direction of dead center, it decreases again and at the turning point the piston comes to a very short stop.

This Standstill is in this vane machine on a rotation range of 90 ° the Slider delayed beyond.

Because in the labor sector II the wings in radial rest position, the sealing surfaces from the wing to the housing always parallel and sufficiently long can now be lossless and low-friction, even big load on the wing are given.

The opposite side, the separation sector IV generates no counter torque, since the wing is retracted in the entire quarter in the rotor. The front side 33 The slider does not exactly match the radius of the case. Here, the housing supports the sealing effect, since it rests sealingly on the rotor in the entire sector.

In order for the wings to be easily moved by pressure equalization, they not only have to be hollow, but must also be open on two sides. The one open side is the front edge of the wing inside the rotor and the other side is laterally and preferably where the pressure is and as long and wide as the wing pushes out of the rotor. The wing hollowing 31 should be holes or rectangular channels whose wing partitions 32 very important for stability.

To facilitate the pressure equalization of the retracted wing in the rotor, in the rotor slot on the side of the open wing, a Rotorschlitzrundung 23 is working.

Through the wing hollow 31 is when retracting the wing into the rotor, displaced relatively little liquid and there is plenty of room in the wing to compensate.

These measure and the sinusoidal control the wing pairs enable a higher speed.

The pressure input motor 14 is located in the entire quarter of sector I and is made by oblique passage slots 15 in the parabolic slideway 18 passed.

The low pressure output engine 16 is located in the entire quarter of sector III and is made by oblique passage slots 17 in the parabolic slideway 18 passed.

Thereby become the wings flows around at both ends and from both sides and can be friction-reduced move.

The centrifugal forces lift through the thin connecting bolts 34 largely on and at half-extended wings 30 they are completely gone.

The parabolic slideways 18 control the movement of the wings 30 and with the thin connecting bolts 34 thus the opposite wing is controlled and the following slideway supports the wing.

The thin connecting bolts 34 establish a mechanically movable connection between the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber.

Therefore have to the thin ones Connecting bolts as possible be thin. If the bolts designed too strong, there are restoring forces, which overcome with energy expenditure Need to become.

The then applies if the machine is to work as a motor, because not just the wings, but also the connecting bolts into the pressure chamber have to move.

Becomes the vane machine used as a pump, so the pressure difference comes to advantage the displacement of the wings.

The passage 15 u. 17 at the slides should be at least twice as large as the cross section in the working space. Otherwise, a higher flow resistance would occur at high speed. The inlet and outlet connections should be round and have the same cross-section as the working sector II, so that the flow rate always remains the same.

There in the employment sector a constant amount is included in the short term, this machine can also be used as an encoder for liquid volume, when the turns counted become.

By Drive this vane machine can pumped and the crowd with great Accuracy can be measured. This also works with strongly changing ones Speed or with fluctuating counterpressure. (e.g., aircraft refueling)

These Vane machine is also suitable for self-priming of water, but to pump of dirty water would be she did not recommend and would permanently damaged.

Basically this machine also for gases be used.

she can only promote gases to a limited extent and insufficient compact, as the compressed gases in the cavity of the slide from Pressure chamber to be transported back to the unpressurized room.

however Gas pressure or vapor pressure can be converted into torque. If the wing is the Work sector II has already reached the interior of the wing full working pressure and thus the pressure loss on the entire lateral area of the extended wing act and generate torque.

When leaving the wing from the work sector, first the transfer ports 35 released and the gas pressure can balance. The pressure equalization is not there immediately, but it starts from this moment, even if the transition slots are made more generous.

The escape of the overpressure from the wing hollow 31 of the wing causes even in the transition region of sector III, an additional torque.

The radial movement of the wings in this area, due to the compressibility of the gas, still done initially with a residual side load of the wings.

Of the Exhaust gas flow is not pulsation-free.

Becomes this vane machine, as mentioned at the beginning, primarily with liquid operated, the pressure equalization is immediately available and the wings can be friction to be moved.

Thereby This machine works pulsation free.

Of the liquid flow can not be shut off with a valve, as with a centrifugal pump.

One Shutting off the line of the working fluid would block the drive motor cause.

The Machine is for Right and left rotation suitable.

10

casing

11

housing cover

12 12 '

Side wall

13 13 '

camp

14

High pressure input

15

high pressure Passage slots

16

Low-pressure outlet

17

low pressure Passage slots

18 18 '

Parabolic slideways

19

Circular arc-shaped inner wall

20

rotor

21

rotor slots

22

Through holes

23

Rotor slot curves

24

wave

25

stub shaft

30

wing

31

Flügelhohlungen

32

Wing partitions

33

Wing face

34 34 '

Thin connecting bolts

35

transfer ports

Claims (10)

Vane machine, which is primarily operated with liquid, is used to implement high hydraulic pumping or rotating power, consists of a dual-bearing rotor ( 20 ) in its four rotor slots ( 21 ), radially movable wings ( 30 ), which with thin bolts ( 34 ) are located in a housing ( 10 ), which is unilaterally in a quarter circular arc on the rotor ( 20 ) and opposite to the labor sector II, which is connected to the high-pressure inlet ( 14 ) and the low-pressure outlet ( 16 ), characterized in that the radial movement of the wings ( 30 ) by a parabolic slideway ( 18 ) and of the diametrically opposite slideway ( 18 ' ) is positively supported and that the wings ( 30 ) with two thin connecting bolts ( 34 ) with the opposite wing ( 30 ), which with through-hole ( 22 ) from the rotor slot ( 21 ) to the opposite rotor slot ( 21 ' ) is passed. Vane machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the wings ( 30 ) are hollow and at the end face inside in the rotor slot ( 21 ' ) are open and that the wings ( 30 ) are in the extended area laterally open in the pressure area. Vane machine according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that the outer wing end faces ( 33 ), which have the same curvature as the arcuate inner wall ( 19 ) of the labor sector II. Vane machine according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the blade hollow ( 31 ) consist of holes, or of many rectangular channels with their wing partitions ( 32 ). Vane machine according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that from the high pressure input ( 14 ) to work sector II, oblique, high pressure passage slots ( 15 ), which through the parabolic slideway ( 18 ) and that from Labor Sector II to the low-pressure exit ( 16 ) the low pressure passage slots ( 17 ), which also by the parabolic slideway ( 18 ' ). Vane machine according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that at the rotor slots ( 21 ) on one side at the outer edges of a Rohrschlitzrundung ( 23 ) is attached to the side where the wing ( 30 ) has the lateral opening. Vane machine according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the housing ( 10 ) in sector IV sealingly at an angle of at most 90 °, to the rotor ( 20 ) adapts. Vane machine according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that after the working sector II to the low pressure passage slots ( 17 ) overflow slots ( 35 ) are located. Vane machine according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the housing interior wall in the working sector II a circular arc-shaped inner wall 19 represents which with the movement of the wing 30 exactly matches in this area. Vane machine according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that of a rotor slot 21 to the opposite rotor slot 21 ' there are two exact through holes 22 ' are mounted and that the other two holes extending at right angles to the distance of the wing partitions are mounted offset.