DE102004036167B4 - Housing cover and device for shredding various materials - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to further develop an exhaust air device (107, 207, 307) on a housing cover (100, 200, 300) of a device for shredding or on a housing of such a device, the invention proposes a housing cover (100, 200, 300) of a device for shredding various materials, the housing cover (100, 200, 300) having an exhaust air device (107, 207, 307) with an exhaust air duct by means of which exhaust air is discharged from the device, the exhaust air device (107, 207, 307) being one of a straight exhaust air duct has deviating exhaust air duct and the exhaust air duct has an exhaust air duct which is divided into a first duct section (113, 213, 313) and a second duct section (114, 214, 314), the first duct section (113, 213, 313 ) is arranged at an angle with respect to the second channel section (114, 214, 314), the first channel section (113, 213, 313) in a first direction opposite the verti kalen is inclined and the second channel section (114, 214, 314) is inclined in a second direction opposite the first direction relative to the vertical.

Description

introduction

The invention relates to a housing cover of a device for shredding a wide variety of materials, the housing cover having an exhaust air device with an exhaust air duct by means of which exhaust air is discharged from the device, the exhaust air device having an exhaust air duct deviating from a straight exhaust air duct. The invention also relates to a device for shredding a wide variety of materials.

State of the art

Housing covers for shredders which have an exhaust air device with an exhaust air duct are known from the prior art. By means of the exhaust air duct, any dust that arises during the shredding of components or materials is removed from the shredder, in particular sucked off by means of a fan. Shredders are also known which do not have a separate housing cover with such an exhaust air device, but in which the respective housing of the shredder itself has an exhaust air device.

The US patent application U.S. 4,650,129 A discloses an apparatus for shredding used car bodies. For this purpose, the device has a hammer crusher which is arranged within a work space and rotates about a drive axis therein. The work area is delimited at the bottom by a floor grate and at the top by a ceiling grate. Both grids have openings that allow shredded material to pass through. When it passes through the bottom grate, the shredded material falls onto a conveyor, by means of which it is then removed from the device. As an alternative to passing through the floor grate, the crushed particles can also escape from the work area through the ceiling grate. This takes place in that the particles are thrown upwards as a result of the impact energy of the hammer crusher, pass through openings in the ceiling grate, hit an upper part of the device and finally fall down. Ultimately, the particles also reach the conveying device in this way and are discharged from the device. Outside the actual device, there is an exhaust device that sucks off dust that arises during the shredding process.

The patent application DE 37 44 241 A1 describes a shredding device with a housing cover which has an exhaust air device with an exhaust air duct. A hammer crusher of the comminution device that effects the comminution process is located inside a closed housing which is closed off by a ceiling grate following a working space located above the rotating hammer crusher. One level of the ceiling grate forms the transition between a “housing base” and a housing cover. The housing cover has an exhaust device. It is essential that the discharge chute serves as intended to discharge the respective part of the finished material that initially leaves the working space of the hammer crusher upwards through the ceiling grate described above and is deflected by 180 ° in an upper expansion space located inside the housing cover, then in To get essentially vertically down into a collecting channel. The material falling through the discharge chute is combined in the lower collecting channel with that part of the finished material that emerges from the housing interior through the floor grate below the hammer crusher. The shredder initially creates two separate finished material flows in different directions, which combine to form an overall flow of finished material.

The DE 19 89 671 U describes a shredding machine in which the "regular" finished material is to be discharged from a work area through a (lower) floor grate with a desired particle size, whereas special particles are to be discharged via a special discharge path, a discharge chute.

The Japanese patent application JP H-07256129 A describes a comminution device in which the raw material input takes place on the right side and the discharge of the finished material takes place on the left side. Above the rotor, which is equipped with striking tools, there is an impact space from which the finished material emerges through a vertically aligned grate and enters an ejection shaft, through which it falls vertically and is discharged from the shredding machine. The material should only be discharged through the discharge chute.

task

Regardless of whether the exhaust air device is provided in a housing cover or directly on a housing of a shredder, the object of the present invention is to further develop such exhaust air devices.

solution

The object of the invention is achieved by a housing cover of a device for shredding a wide variety of materials, the housing cover having an exhaust air device with a Has exhaust air duct, by means of which exhaust air is discharged from the device, the exhaust air device having an exhaust air duct which deviates from a straight exhaust air duct. According to the invention, the exhaust air duct has an exhaust air duct which is divided into a first duct section and a second duct section, the first duct section being arranged at an angle to the second duct section, the first duct section being inclined in a first direction with respect to the vertical and the second channel section is inclined in a second direction opposite to the first direction relative to the vertical.

In the context of the invention, the term “straight exhaust air duct” is understood to mean a duct for exhaust air that is neither kinked nor bent or otherwise curved and over which the exhaust air is guided. If, for example, a “straight” exhaust air device is oriented in such a way that if it is arranged vertically with regard to its main direction of flow, it is possible to drop an object through the “straight” exhaust air device without this object touching a side wall of the “straight” exhaust air duct In the present case, it is a "straight" exhaust air duct. In the sense of the invention, such a free fall is not possible with the present “curved” exhaust air device.

The "curved" exhaust air duct present, which deviates from a straight line, advantageously significantly reduces the risk that non-suspended material will pass through the exhaust air device, i.e. out of the shredding device, into the vicinity of the shredding device in an uncontrolled manner. The present “curved” exhaust air duct does not serve in the sense of the invention to make it possible to convey shredded objects or other structures out of the device.

In the present case, the term “non-levitating material” essentially means larger structures that move in the air due to high kinetic energy but cannot float in the air for a long period of time. Thus, the “non-suspended material” differs from small structures such as dust particles, which due to their low mass are able to float in the air for a longer period of time before they sink to the ground.

The channel sections arranged at an angle to one another reduce the risk of non-suspended material inadvertently escaping from the interior of the shredding device and possibly causing considerable damage outside the shredding device.

The “curved” exhaust air duct is particularly advantageous if the exhaust air device is connected to a suction device in which there is a risk that non-suspended material will be sucked in by the suction device and damage the suction device. The “curved” exhaust air duct also increases the operational safety of a shredding device, since in the present case the risk of heavier parts that could be thrown out of the shredding device's exhaust air device due to dynamically moving components is significantly reduced.

In this context it is advantageous if the exhaust air device has means for deflecting the exhaust air duct. By means of the deflection means, the exhaust air duct is designed in such a way that it is not straight and larger structures do not inadvertently get into the vicinity of the shredding device through the exhaust air device.

A structurally particularly simple embodiment variant provides that the deflection means have a kink and / or an arch. By means of the bend or the arch, the exhaust air duct of the exhaust air device is deflected in such a way that heavier structures, that is to say non-suspended material, cannot, as usual, get out of the shredding device unhindered. Rather, the structures that have got into the exhaust air duct collide against the side walls of this exhaust air duct and lose kinetic energy in the process in such a way that they ultimately fall back into the working area of the shredding device.

In order to prevent non-suspended material from getting out of the exhaust air device, it is also advantageous if the deflecting means have guide plates. The guide plates prevent the unhindered passage of accelerated, heavy structures through the exhaust air device. By means of the guide plates, an exhaust air duct is implemented within the exhaust air device, which advantageously has a curved course at least in one area of the exhaust air device.

In order to be able to remove a large amount of air volume from the shredding device, it is advantageous if a suction device is arranged on the exhaust air duct.

Through kinked or curved exhaust air ducts or provided with baffles, exhaust air contaminated with dust continues to get out of the shredding device without any problems, at the same time larger structures being advantageously retained by the deflection means described above. This prevents large structures from accidentally escaping from an opening in the shredding device that is not intended for this purpose.

In addition, the object of the invention is achieved by a device for shredding a wide variety of materials, the device having a housing cover with at least one of the features described above. Advantageously, already existing shredding devices can be retrofitted without any problems by means of the modified housing cover. This avoids high investment costs, since existing shredding devices can be structurally modified particularly easily.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a device for shredding a wide variety of materials, the device having a housing which has an exhaust air device with an exhaust air duct, by means of which the exhaust air is discharged from the device, the exhaust air device having an exhaust air duct deviating from a straight exhaust air duct having. According to the invention it is provided that the exhaust air duct has an exhaust air duct which is divided into a first duct section and a second duct section, the first duct section being arranged at an angle to the second duct section, the first duct section being inclined in a first direction relative to the vertical and the second channel section is inclined in a second direction opposite the first direction relative to the vertical. In particular in the case of shredding devices that do not have a separate housing cover, it is advantageous if the housing itself has the exhaust air device according to the invention.

It goes without saying that the exhaust air device arranged directly on the housing can also be advantageously developed by the additional features already described above in connection with the housing cover.

Further advantages, objectives and properties of the present invention are described with reference to the following explanations of the attached drawing, in which a housing of a shredder and exemplary embodiments of housing covers are shown by way of example.

• 1 schematisch eine geschnittene Ansicht eines Schredders gemäß dem Stand der Technik mit einem Gehäuse, welches eine mehrfach geknickte Ablufteinrichtung aufweist,
• 2 und 3 schematisch Ansichten eines ersten Gehäusedeckels mit einer in ihrem unteren Bereich geknickten Ablufteinrichtung,
• 4 und 5 schematisch Ansichten eines weiteren Gehäusedeckels mit einer in ihrem oberen Bereich geknickten Ablufteinrichtung und
• 6 und 7 schematisch Ansichten eines dritten Gehäusedeckels mit einer in ihrem mittleren Bereich geknickten Ablufteinrichtung.

It shows

• 1 schematically a sectional view of a shredder according to the prior art with a housing which has an exhaust air device which is bent several times,
• 2 and 3 schematic views of a first housing cover with an exhaust device bent in its lower area,
• 4th and 5 schematic views of a further housing cover with an exhaust air device bent in its upper area and
• 6th and 7th schematic views of a third housing cover with an exhaust device bent in its central area.

The Indian 1 shown, known from the prior art shredder 1 is intended for crushing old car bodies and has for this purpose within a housing 2 a hammer crusher 3 on which old car bodies are shredded. The material to be shredded comes through an inlet 4th in the direction of the arrow 5 inside the case 2 to the hammer crusher located there 3 . The one through the shredder 1 Manufactured end products (not shown here) are removed from the side of the shredder 1 guided.

The dust particles produced during shredding 6th are via an exhaust device 7th from the shredder 1 vacuumed, so that an unintentional disruptive dust development outside of the shredder 1 is largely avoided. The exhaust device 7th provides a curved exhaust duct 7A for extracting dust particles 6th ready. The dust particles 6th are by means of the exhaust air in a main flow direction 8th from the area of the hammer crusher 3 sucked out. Due to the design of the exhaust air device selected here 7th with the curved exhaust air duct 7A becomes the main exhaust air flow direction 8th in a first secondary exhaust air flow direction 9 and then in a further secondary exhaust air flow direction 10 diverted. For this purpose, the exhaust air device 7th a first kink 11 and a second kink 12 on. Thus, the present exhaust device 7th in a first channel section 13 , into a second channel section 14th and into a third channel section 15th divided. The first channel section 13 faces opposite the second channel section 14th in the area of the first kink 13 an angle 16 on. The second channel section 14th and the third channel section 15th point at the kink 12 an angle 17th on.

By the exhaust air device described here deviating from a straight exhaust air duct (not shown here) 7th prevents a large structure 18th through the exhaust device 7th from the shredder 1 can be hurled and the large structure 18th unintentionally into the vicinity of the shredder 1 got. Rather, it is the large structure that collides here 18th against an inside wall 19th of the second channel section 14th , loses at least part of its kinetic energy and falls into the area of the hammer crusher 3 back.

The one in the 2 and 3 Housing cover shown 100 points at its exhaust air outlet 130 an exhaust device bent in the lower area 107 on. The exhaust device 107 has only one kink in this embodiment 111 through which the exhaust device 107 in a first channel section 113 and into a second channel section 114 is divided. The kink 111 lies in the lower third of the exhaust air facility 107 so that the first channel section 113 is made much shorter than the second channel section 114 . The route, which is a large structure within the exhaust air device, is advantageous as a result 107 can travel unhindered, shortened.

The one in the 4th and 5 illustrated case cover 200 has one on an exhaust vent 230 arranged exhaust device 207 that has a kink in its upper third 211 having. The exhaust device 207 has a first channel section 213 and a second channel section 214 . It is advantageous that a large structure covers a relatively long distance within the first channel section 213 rises upwards and loses kinetic energy in this advantageous way before the large structure against an inside 219 of the second channel section 214 rebounds and then falls back.

The one in the 6th and 7th Housing cover shown 300 has an exhaust device 307 on that at an exhaust air outlet 330 is arranged. The exhaust device 307 is by means of a kink 311 in a first channel section 313 and into a second channel section 314 divided. Both channel sections 313 and 314 are essentially the same length as the kink 311 in the middle of the exhaust device 307 is arranged.

Claims (7)

Housing cover (100, 200, 300) of a device for shredding a wide variety of materials, the housing cover (100, 200, 300) having an exhaust air device (107, 207, 307) with an exhaust air duct, by means of which exhaust air is discharged from the device, the Exhaust air device (107, 207, 307) has an exhaust air duct which deviates from a straight exhaust air duct, characterized in that the exhaust air duct has an exhaust air duct which is divided into a first duct section (113, 213, 313) and a second duct section (114, 214, 314), wherein the first channel section (113, 213, 313) is arranged at an angle with respect to the second channel section (114, 214, 314), the first channel section (113, 213, 313) in a first direction opposite the Vertical is inclined and the second channel section (114, 214, 314) is inclined in a second direction opposite to the first direction relative to the vertical. Housing cover (100, 200, 300) Claim 1 , characterized in that the exhaust air device (107, 207, 307) has means for deflecting the exhaust air duct. Housing cover (100, 200, 300) Claim 2 , characterized in that the deflection means have a kink (111, 211, 311) and / or an arc. Housing cover (100, 200, 300) according to one of the Claims 2 or 3 , characterized in that the deflection means have guide plates. Housing cover (100, 200, 300) according to one of the Claims 1 to 4th , characterized in that a suction device is arranged on the exhaust air duct. Device for shredding various materials, characterized in that the device has a housing cover (100, 200, 300) according to one of the Claims 1 to 6th having. Device for shredding a wide variety of materials, the device having a housing which has an exhaust air device (107, 207, 307) with an exhaust air duct, by means of which exhaust air is discharged from the device, the exhaust air device (107, 207, 307) being one of a straight exhaust air duct has deviating exhaust air duct, characterized in that the exhaust air duct has an exhaust air duct which is divided into a first duct section (113, 213, 313) and a second duct section (114, 214, 314), the first duct section (113 , 213, 313) is arranged at an angle with respect to the second channel section (114, 214, 314), the first channel section (113, 213, 313) being inclined in a first direction relative to the vertical and the second channel section (114, 214 , 314) is inclined in a second direction opposite to the first direction relative to the vertical.

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