DE1095762B - Process for the electrostatic processing of potash salts - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

With the previously known methods of electrostatic processing of minerals, one always does again the observation that with the same mineral and with the same methodical procedure the success the preparation often fluctuates extremely strongly, apparently as a result of the different provenance and Prehistory of the material to be processed. This is also the case with potash salts, to such an extent that that one can never predict whether a method that has clearly proven itself with a particular salt will be used in the Applying this method to a salt of the same type but of a different origin will lead to success.

In older proposals it has already been shown that one is largely independent of these fluctuations can do by means of chemical conditioning of the reprocessed items, by in almost all cases a a suitable chemical conditioning agent can be found that is particularly suitable for the particular item to be processed works well. A large number of conditioning agents have been identified in the earlier proposals cited and also proven by numerous examples that both different salts and the same salts are different Origin and deviating accompanying substances can be electrostatically processed with the best success.

The present invention relates to the use of a new class of substances as conditioning agents for electrostatic preparation in connection with the conditioning agents specified earlier It is also possible to process goods that have so far withstood electrostatic separation.

This class of substances consists of organic compounds that have at least 6 carbon atoms in the molecule and carry a larger number of functional groups, ie are "polyvalent", with the functional Groups can all be the same or different from one another and furthermore be completely or partially further substituted can. Specifically, this substance mass is made up of compounds of the polysaccharide type, the proteins, the polyacrylic acid derivatives or other polymers, but also the corresponding mono- or Oligomers are included.

As already indicated, these polyvalent substances are on their own as conditioning agents for the electrostatic Processing generally not effective, as numerous attempts have confirmed. So you have the role of auxiliary conditioning agents. The procedure itself is that the conditioning agent and the polyvalent aid is brought into intimate contact with the material to be processed. That can be done in a number of ways:

The dried material to be processed, in the usual grain size for electrostatic processing, is mixed with small quantities, namely about 10 to 100 g, generally about 50 g of the polyvalent excipient

for electrostatic processing
of potash salts

Applicant:

Potash Research Institute G. mb H.,
Hanover, Georgstr. 29

Dr.-Ing. Hans Autenrieth,

and Dr. rer. nat. Gerd Peuschel, Hanover,

have been named as inventors

intimately mixed per ton of material to be processed using known methods. The actual conditioning agent

ao is then applied. The consistency of the polyvalent excipients usually leaves (about _1/0 to 5 ° ig) appear to be appropriate, the application in the form of a solution. If good distribution of the excipient appears to be ensured in some other way, the solvent can also be dispensed with. The solvent must be removed using known methods prior to electrostatic separation. The actual conditioning agent, consisting of an organic or inorganic substance of anionic character, i.e. a substance which contains one or more activated hydrogen atoms in the molecule that can be replaced by metal ions or in which these hydrogen atoms are wholly or partially replaced by metal ions (salts), is also used the material to be processed intimately mixed, it being used either in substance or in solution, namely in amounts of 20 to 200 g, preferably 50 to 150 g / t of material to be processed. The solvent must also be removed prior to electrostatic separation. Polyvalent adjuvant and anionic conditioning agent can be applied together in the same solution or successively in different solutions or both in substance or one in substance and the other in solution. In some cases it has even been found to be advantageous to first apply the auxiliary in the form of a solution, then remove the solvent and only then apply the anionic conditioning agent to the material. The most appropriate way of proceeding can easily be determined by simple preliminary experiments. The processed material pretreated in this way is subjected to electrostatic separation at a suitable temperature between room temperature and the evaporation, melting or decomposition temperature of the conditioning agent and / or the processed material.

009 680/93

The following examples demonstrate the success of the new method. In Table 1 are experiments with a Hard salt reproduced, showing that a separation

Table 1

Hard salt with 25% K ₈ O
Grain size ... 0.1 to 0.6 mm
Separation temperature ... 50 ⁰ C

Conditioning agents

None

Sulfonated fatty acid amide
("Xynomine Powder",
Onyx)

Fatty acid mixture C ₄ -C ₉ ...

Residue
° / o K ₂ O

20.7

23.4
13.6

concentrate
° / o K ₂ O

30.2

24.6
39.8

Yield% K ₂ O

59.3

55.5
67.8 electrostatically, even when using conditioning agents that are very effective with other salts, is not possible.

The otherwise highly effective sulfonated fatty acid amide "Xynomine Powder" does not cause any separation at all with this salt. The experiment with fatty acid as a conditioning agent shows a certain separation effect and gives a concentrate of almost 40% K ₂ O, but with a completely inadequate yield. A full one

ίο third of the material to be processed is a residue with almost 14% K ₂ O. This high K ₂ O content makes it completely impossible to reject the residue, and on the other hand there is also no way of making it usable in an economical manner. As already mentioned, the polyvalent substances are hardly effective on their own as conditioning agents. Numerical examples are therefore not given. The examples in Table 2 relate to hard salts with different K ₂ O contents, which varied between 15 and 25%.

Table 2

Hard salts with 15 to 25% K ₂ O

Grain size 0.1 to 0.6 mm

Separation temperature, 50 ° C

Conditioning agents

a) Polyvalent auxiliary

b) Anionic agent quantity g / t

Yield% K ₂ O

1st conc.

2. Conc.% K ₂ O

a) Na carboxymethyl cellulose ("Tylose" Kalle)

b) a-nitrose - /? - naphthol

a) Na carboxymethyl cellulose ("Tylose" Kalle)

b) saccharin

a) mannogalactose

b) Phthalimide - Potassium

a) »Separan 2610« (presumably polystyrene derivative,

Dow Chemical)

b) Fatty acid mixture C ₄ -C ₈

a) glue (»halba«, handle)

b) Fatty acid mixture C ₄ -C ₉

a) cane sugar

b) naphthenic acids

a) Glucose

b) Fatty acid mixture C ₄ -C ₉

a) dextrin

b) ricinol sulfonic acid Na

a) tannin

b) Fatty acid mixture C ₄ -C ₉

a) Polyacrylic acid derivative (»Sedipur CA 3« BASF)

b) Fatty acid mixture C ₄ -C ₉

a) gelatin

b) Sulphonated fatty acid amide (»Xynomine« Onyx) ....

a) Polyacrylic acid derivative (»Sedipur CA 3« BASF)

b) Fatty acid mixture C ₄ -C ₉

a) tannin

Dextrin

b) Fatty acid mixture C ₄ -C ₉

a) Polyacrylic acid derivative (»Sedipur CA 3«, BASF)

b) benzoic acid

a) polyvinyl alcohol

b) Paraffin sulfonic acid Na ("Mersolat D", Bayer)

a) Gallic acid

b) Na alkylbenzenesulfonic acid ("sulfonate N 56",

Chem. Factory Stockhausen)

50 150

50 150

50 150

50 150

50 150

50 150

50 150

50 150

50 150

50 150

50 150

10 150

150

50 150

50 150

50 150

86.0 85.4 81.2

89.3

43.8 42.8 41.3

40.9 41.6 39.4 39.8 38.2 36.8 40.8 38.2 41.0

31.8

39.8 37.1

34.0

57.6 57.2 57.0

56.7 55.8 54.3 46.4 53.7 54.4 56.7 54.6 57.6

54.2

56.0 53.3

54.6

Apart from sylvin, rock salt and kieserite, all the hard salts in the examples also contained certain amounts of clayey accompanying substances, which, as is well known, make electrostatic treatment very difficult. On the particularly beneficial effect of the polyvalent auxiliaries on these clayey accompanying substances S will be discussed in detail below.

The values in the table above were obtained by pulling the conditioned material over the electrostatic precipitator was given, in which three fractions arise. The first concentrate obtained in this way (in Table 2 as "1. Conc." labeled) was then passed through the separator again and the second concentrate ("2nd conc.") was obtained. (The Medium items from both passages go through the separator again together with fresh items to be processed.)

The behavior of the clay with the electrostatic is very favorable due to the polyvalent auxiliaries Divorce Affects. We could observe that with those clay-containing processing goods that electrostatically separate even without polyvalent auxiliaries, the clay goes with the potash parts, d. H. in Concentrate enriches. This is of course highly undesirable. When using polyvalent auxiliaries on the other hand, this enrichment is completely absent, in some cases even a complete one takes place Reversal as the clay builds up in the residue. This behavior can be followed qualitatively very easily, because the clay is dark in color and one can therefore judge by the mere appearance whether and where one Enrichment of the tone has taken place.

The reproduced in Tables 1 and 2 tests were all performed for comparison purposes at the same temperature of 5O ⁰ C. But you are not tied to this temperature, you can completely depend on the other operating conditions. The temperature limits in question are already mentioned above.

Thus, the use of polyvalent auxiliaries brings together with the conditioning agents mentioned two decisive technical advances: On the one hand, this makes it possible to also use such potassium salts electrostatically to process that were previously inaccessible to this type of separation, on the other hand, it can be a Avoid enrichment of the clay in the concentrate, in some cases even a simultaneous and additional one

Effect the separation of the clay components from the potash components.

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. A method for the electrostatic processing of mixtures containing potassium parts, especially those which also contain clayey components, by chemical conditioning of the material to be processed and subsequent separation in an electrical separator, characterized in that the conditioning by means of a substance or a mixture of substances of an anionic character and one or more Polyvalent substances takes place, whereby polyvalent substances are to be understood as meaning those which have at least 6 carbon atoms and a larger number of functional groups in the molecule and the functional groups occurring within the same molecule can be identical to one another, different from one another and also further substituted . 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that of the anionic conditioning agent 20 to 200 g, preferably 50 to 150 g, and of the polyvalent conditioning agent 10 to 100 g, preferably 40 to 60 g / t of processed material are used. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the conditioning in takes place in such a way that the conditioning agents are intimately mixed with the material to be processed, wherein they either together or separately, simultaneously or one after the other, in solution or in substance, optionally also be applied to the material to be processed with intermediate drying and the solvent or solvents before the material is applied to the electric separator according to known methods removed. 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electrostatic Divorce takes place at a temperature between room temperature and the evaporation, melting or Decomposition temperature of the material to be processed and / or the conditioning agent is. © 009 680/93 12.