DE1056377B - Process for the electrolytic deposition of aluminum - Google Patents
Process for the electrolytic deposition of aluminumInfo
- Publication number
- DE1056377B DE1056377B DEZ4976A DEZ0004976A DE1056377B DE 1056377 B DE1056377 B DE 1056377B DE Z4976 A DEZ4976 A DE Z4976A DE Z0004976 A DEZ0004976 A DE Z0004976A DE 1056377 B DE1056377 B DE 1056377B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- compounds
- electrolytic deposition
- air
- electrolytes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical group [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical group C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- -1 Tetraethylammonium halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KPJPHPFMCOKUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound I[CH2] KPJPHPFMCOKUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-O hydron;quinoline Chemical group [NH+]1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical group C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- YMBCJWGVCUEGHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC YMBCJWGVCUEGHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/22—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of metals not provided for in groups C25C1/02 - C25C1/20
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/42—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of light metals
- C25D3/44—Aluminium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Abscheidung von Aluminium Zusatz zur Patentanmeldung Z 4338 VI / 40 c (Auslegeschrift 1047 450) Gegenstand der Patentanmeldung Z 4338 VI/40 c ist ein Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Abscheidung von Aluminium, bei dem als Elektrolyte homogene Schmelzen aus echten organischen Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel AlR(R')2, in der R Alkyl und R' Alkyl, Wasserstoff oder Halogen bedeutet, und deren Komplexverbindungen mit Alkaliverbindungen der allgemeinen Formel Me R' verwendet werden, worin Me ein Alkalimetall bedeutet und wobei der Elektrolyt vor Lufteintritt geschützt wird.Process for the electrolytic deposition of aluminum Addition to patent application Z 4338 VI / 40 c (Auslegeschrift 1 047 450) The subject of patent application Z 4338 VI / 40 c is a process for the electrolytic deposition of aluminum, in which homogeneous melts from real organic compounds are used as electrolytes general formula AlR (R ') 2, in which R is alkyl and R' is alkyl, hydrogen or halogen, and their complex compounds with alkali compounds of the general formula Me R 'are used, in which Me is an alkali metal and the electrolyte is protected from the ingress of air .
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man durch Verwendung homogener Schmelzen aus echten organischen Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel AlR(R')2, in der R und R' die vorstehend angeführte Bedeutung besitzen, und deren Komplexverbindungen mit quartären Ammoniumverbindungen als Elektrolyten die Eigenschaften des Aluminiumniederschlages, insbesondere die Härte, den Glanz und die Kornstruktur günstig beeinflussen kann. Durch geeignete Auswahl der quartären Salze ist es möglich, beliebige Lösungen dieser quartären Salze in Aluminiumtriäthyl herzustellen, da bei Anwendung solcher Elektrolytkombinationen aus quartären Ammoniumverbindungen die Bildung flüssiger Phasen der bestimmten Zusammensetzung 1 Salzmolekül + 2 Aluminiumtrialkylmoleküle häufig unterbleibt und mit einer weitaus größeren Variationsbreite, als bisher möglich war, Lösungen hergestellt werden können, die nur wenig Elektrolyt und viel Aluminiumtriäthyl enthalten.It has now been found that by using homogeneous melts from real organic compounds of the general formula AlR (R ') 2, in which R and R 'have the meaning given above, and their complex compounds with quaternary ammonium compounds as electrolytes the properties of the aluminum precipitate, in particular the hardness, the gloss and the grain structure can favorably influence. By suitable selection of the quaternary salts, it is possible to use any solutions of these To produce quaternary salts in aluminum triethyl, because when using such electrolyte combinations from quaternary ammonium compounds the formation of liquid phases of the specific composition 1 salt molecule + 2 aluminum trialkyl molecules is often absent and with one far greater range of variation than was previously possible, solutions can be produced, which contain only a little electrolyte and a lot of aluminum triethyl.
Als Elektrolyte geeignete quartäre Ammoniumverbindungen sind insbesondere Tetraäthylammoniumhalogenide, Triäthyl-n-butylammoniumhalogenide, Äthyltri-n-butylammoniumhalogenide, Dodecyl-tri-methylammoniumchlorid, quartäre Pyridinium-, Chinolinium- und Isochinoliniumsalze, wie Pyridinium-jodmethylat und ähnliche Verbindungen.Quaternary ammonium compounds suitable as electrolytes are in particular Tetraethylammonium halides, triethyl-n-butylammonium halides, ethyltri-n-butylammonium halides, Dodecyl-tri-methylammonium chloride, quaternary pyridinium, quinolinium and isoquinolinium salts, such as pyridinium iodomethylate and similar compounds.
Beispiel 1 Man bringt unter Rühren und unter Stickstoff Tetraäthylammoniumchlorid und Aluminiumtriäthyl in einem Mengenverhältnis von 1 Mol zu mehr als 2 Mol zusammen. Das feste Salz löst sich auf, und es bilden sich zwei Schichten aus. Die obere Schicht besteht aus praktisch reinem Aluminiumtriäthyl. Sie ist um so größer, j e mehr Aluminiumtriäthyl man im Überschuß verwandt hat. Die untere Schicht besitzt genau die Zusammensetzung: (C2H5)4NC1 - 2 4C2H5)3 und ist ein ausgezeichneter Elektrolyt, der sich zur Abscheidung- von Aluminium gemäß dem Verfahren der Hauptanmeldung vorzüglich eignet.EXAMPLE 1 Tetraethylammonium chloride is added with stirring and under nitrogen and aluminum triethyl in a proportion of 1 mol to more than 2 mol together. The solid salt dissolves and two layers are formed. The top layer consists of practically pure aluminum triethyl. It is the greater, the more aluminum triethyl has been used in excess. The lower layer has the exact composition: (C2H5) 4NC1 - 2 4C2H5) 3 and is an excellent electrolyte suitable for deposition of aluminum according to the procedure of the main application.
Elektrolysiert man in diesem System bei 90° C und einer kathodischen Stromdichte von 0,3 A/dm2, so erhält man glänzende festhaftende kompakte Aluminiumüberzüge bis zu Schichtdicken von ,80#t. Beispiel 2 Pyridiniumjodmethylat wird, wie im Beispiel 1 beschrieben, mit Aluininiumtriäthyl zusammengebracht. Auch hier bildet sich eine gelb- bis braungefärbte, mit Aluminiumtriäthyl nicht mischbare flüssige untere Schicht von der Zusammensetzung Pyridinium-jodmethylat - 2 Aluminiumtriäthyl.Electrolyzed in this system at 90 ° C and a cathodic With a current density of 0.3 A / dm2, glossy, firmly adhering, compact aluminum coatings are obtained up to layer thicknesses of .80 # t. Example 2 Pyridinium iodomethylate is, as in the example 1, brought together with Aluininiumtriethyl. Here, too, one forms yellow to brown colored, liquid lower layer immiscible with aluminum triethyl on the composition pyridinium iodomethylate - 2 aluminum triethyl.
Beispiel 3 In flüssigem Aluminium-tri-n-butyl wird Dodecyltrimethylammonitumchlorid in einer solchen Menge aufgelöst, daß das Mengenverhältnis (Mol) des quartären Salzes zum Aluminium.-tri-n-butyl kleiner als 1 ist. Man erhält Elektrolyte beliebiger Zusammensetzung (das quartäre Salz ist im Aluminium-tri-n-butyl. in allen Verhältnissen löslich), die bei -der Elektrolyse bei 100 bis 120° C und Stromdichten bis etwa 0,8 A/dm2 an der Kathode einen guten und festhaftenden Niederschlag abscheiden.Example 3 Dodecyltrimethylammonite chloride is converted into liquid aluminum tri-n-butyl dissolved in such an amount that the quantitative ratio (mol) of the quaternary salt to aluminum.-tri-n-butyl is less than 1. Any electrolyte can be obtained Composition (the quaternary salt is in aluminum tri-n-butyl. In all proportions soluble), the electrolysis at 100 to 120 ° C and current densities up to about 0.8 A / dm2 a good and firmly adhering precipitate can be deposited on the cathode.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEZ4976A DE1056377B (en) | 1955-06-13 | 1955-06-13 | Process for the electrolytic deposition of aluminum |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEZ4976A DE1056377B (en) | 1955-06-13 | 1955-06-13 | Process for the electrolytic deposition of aluminum |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1056377B true DE1056377B (en) | 1959-04-30 |
Family
ID=7619302
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEZ4976A Pending DE1056377B (en) | 1955-06-13 | 1955-06-13 | Process for the electrolytic deposition of aluminum |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1056377B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1179074B (en) | 1961-11-14 | 1964-10-01 | Dr Walter Strohmeier | Bath for the galvanic deposition of beryllium coatings |
| DE1191581B (en) | 1960-10-29 | 1965-04-22 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Process for the production of aluminum by thermal decomposition of organic aluminum compounds |
| WO2003102276A1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-11 | Aluminal Oberflächentechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing organoaluminium complexes and the use thereof for producing electrolyte solutions for the electrochemical deposition of aluminium-magnesium alloys |
| WO2004099218A1 (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-18 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Production of mixed sodium and potassium tetraalkylaluminate solutions |
-
1955
- 1955-06-13 DE DEZ4976A patent/DE1056377B/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1191581B (en) | 1960-10-29 | 1965-04-22 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Process for the production of aluminum by thermal decomposition of organic aluminum compounds |
| DE1179074B (en) | 1961-11-14 | 1964-10-01 | Dr Walter Strohmeier | Bath for the galvanic deposition of beryllium coatings |
| WO2003102276A1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-11 | Aluminal Oberflächentechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing organoaluminium complexes and the use thereof for producing electrolyte solutions for the electrochemical deposition of aluminium-magnesium alloys |
| US7235681B2 (en) | 2002-05-31 | 2007-06-26 | Aluminal Oberflachentechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing organoaluminum complexes and the use thereof for producing electrolyte solutions for the electrochemical deposition of aluminum-magnesium alloys |
| WO2004099218A1 (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-18 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Production of mixed sodium and potassium tetraalkylaluminate solutions |
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