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CN85107934A - Method and equipment for heat treatment of metal workpieces using continuous furnace - Google Patents

Method and equipment for heat treatment of metal workpieces using continuous furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN85107934A
CN85107934A CN85107934.2A CN85107934A CN85107934A CN 85107934 A CN85107934 A CN 85107934A CN 85107934 A CN85107934 A CN 85107934A CN 85107934 A CN85107934 A CN 85107934A
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China
Prior art keywords
furnace
chamber
treatment
workpiece
chambers
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CN85107934.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1014078B (en
Inventor
保罗·霍尼
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Ipsen International GmbH
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Ipsen International GmbH
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Publication of CN85107934A publication Critical patent/CN85107934A/en
Publication of CN1014078B publication Critical patent/CN1014078B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/16—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a circular or arcuate path
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0037—Rotary furnaces with vertical axis; Furnaces with rotating floor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F27B9/028—Multi-chamber type furnaces

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)

Abstract

本发明为应用一连续式直通炉或连续式炉对金属件进行热处理的方法。该炉至少有两个带有炉门的处理室，工件将周期地进入到处理室中，至少有一个处理室可对工件进行不规则地运送，故工件可在处理室中停留不同的时间，处理后被送出。该设备特点是，在几个处理室的炉室中，温度和(或)气氛是不同的，每一个炉室都有一进料门和出料门。每个处理室(2、3)是按圆形周期炉设计的，它装有按周期转动的炉底。操作炉门中的一个是与邻近处理室(3)相隔的隔门。

The present invention is a method for heat-treating metal parts using a continuous straight-through furnace or a continuous furnace. The furnace has at least two processing chambers with furnace doors. The workpieces will enter the processing chambers periodically. At least one processing chamber can transport the workpieces irregularly, so the workpieces can stay in the processing chambers for different times. sent after processing. The equipment is characterized in that the temperatures and (or) atmospheres are different in the furnace chambers of several processing chambers, and each furnace chamber has an inlet door and an outlet door. Each treatment chamber (2, 3) is designed as a circular periodic furnace, which is equipped with a furnace bottom that rotates periodically. One of the operating furnace doors is a partition door separated from the adjacent processing chamber (3).

Description

The method and the equipment thereof that adopt continuous furnace that metal works is heat-treated
The invention belongs to the method for metal works being heat-treated with continuous furnace.This stove has two continous way treatment chambers at least, interior in successively by workpiece, and a plurality of workpiece are heat-treated, the operation fire door all is equipped with in each chamber, each workpiece is periodically by this fire door and enter in the treatment chamber.Carry out in treatment chamber after the Overheating Treatment, workpiece promptly moves once more, finally is sent.The invention still further relates to and carry out above-mentioned heat treated equipment; particularly it can carry out two sections carburizings to metal works in protective atmosphere; in its several treatment chambers each all can have different temperature and (or) furnace gas, each furnace chamber all is equipped with the fire door that can enter and send workpiece.In having first treatment chamber of high carbon potential, carry out overcarburizing more, in second treatment chamber, spread-carbonization treatment, so just reached the carburized depth value of final regulation.
Up to the present, known is the continous way through furnace.This class stove has a shortcoming, and promptly the treatment time of each workpiece is immutable.Enter each workpiece in the stove, will send outside the stove by an immutable order by a preset time at interval.This shows that the purposes of this class continuous furnace is limited, they are suitable for handling a large amount of identical workpiece.Must carry out indiscriminate or identical processing to them.
In addition, everybody also understands stove at the bottom of being used for the heat treated rotary oven of metal works.By a charging fire door enter in the stove and be positioned over a ring furnace at the bottom of workpiece, continuously by certain sense of rotation and along a very long path through stove.After treating processes finishes, still by workpiece being sent fire door (United States Patent (USP) 4 412 813) with the same order of charging.Therefore, stove is still by known continous way principle and uses at the bottom of this class rotary oven, and promptly all workpiece are identical in the residence time of each treatment station (treatment chamber).Stove also has another shortcoming at the bottom of this known rotary oven, i.e. furnace chamber subregion not can not make the carbon potential difference in each district yet.Like this, in actual applications, for example carburizing, the stove maximum only can reach the carburized layer depth of 0.6mm at the bottom of the rotary oven.Therefore, can not obtain darker carburized layer depth, even if it is can obtain, also extremely uneconomical.In view of the foregoing, the present invention proposes such target, promptly develop a kind of heat treating method of metal works and the continuous oven of the sort of form that beginning is mentioned the time.So just, can avoid shortcoming recited above, and simultaneously treatment process different and (or) workpiece of asynchronism(-nization), particularly can carry out carburizing, and the different workpiece of carburized layer depth, thereby can utilize the processing power of stove fully by two segmented modes.Owing to can handle the workpiece of size, size and different amts simultaneously, so stove just has purposes widely.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention advises that aspect heat treating method in a treatment chamber, workpiece movement is irregular at least, and promptly the residence time of workpiece can be different.Promptly from one or more treatment chambers, send after stopping.For reaching this target, propose to realize the relevant devices of treatment process of the present invention below.This equipment has 2 treatment chambers by circular cycle stove design, and has rotatable furnace bottom.By one embodiment of the invention, each operates fire door can open 45 ° at least, preferably 180 °.One in the fire door is the partition door that separates with adjacent treatment chamber.
Main points of the present invention are, carry out the different treatment process and the workpiece in treatment time in order to handle those requirements with the time inequality, thereby design a continuous furnace, this stove can be sent workpiece with the another kind of time sequence different with the time sequence of charging with the workpiece that disposes.Like this, it is unequal just must making workpiece movement at least one treatment chamber, after soon workpiece disposed by the different time, just sends from the treatment chamber at place.
Therefore just might in a treatment chamber,,, also promptly move each workpiece with the identical time promptly with constant order by common mode.And before or after it another treatment chamber of face, then more be designed to one can be in the storage compartment of two reverse directions motions.Heat-treat in the workpiece atmosphere therein.But the position that a plurality of place work pieces are arranged in this storage compartment.For charging and feeding, these positions can be moved before the operation fire door.Charge time, treatment time and discharging time can be controlled by the heat treatment process of a regulation.Can there be in line or several in line storing positions this storage compartment.According to another embodiment of the present invention, employing be stove at the bottom of the rotary oven.It is by circular cycle stove design, and a furnace bottom that can rotate at a direction and reverse direction thereof by the cycle is arranged, and its stocking cycle is rule or irregular, and it has constituted treatment chamber.The sense of rotation of furnace bottom can select arbitrarily and depend on, where is the room or where parks a workpiece to be unloaded.Common situation is to realize motion irregular cycle of furnace bottom by the automatic control system of thermal treatment and discharging.Yet, when handling identical in a large number workpiece, may also be adjusted to the periodic motion of rule.
In order to obtain to be up to the case depth of 1.8mm economically with two sections carburization process, according to a design of the present invention following suggestion is proposed, furnace chamber is designed to Double Circle cycle stove, and its first furnace chamber is used to carry out high carbon potential carburizing, and second furnace chamber then is used to hang down the diffusion of carbon potential.Designed furnace chamber is two independent circular cycle stoves, separates each other by a partition door.Charging fire door and discharging fire door are preferably on the axis.In order to enlarge its handiness, by other furnace chambers of circular cycle stove design, can as planet be connected first and (or) on second furnace chamber.Especially in this case, promptly need auto parts on the one hand, as gear, motor piece carries out one processing, and other direction also needs loose mail is heat-treated as bolt, nut.At this moment, with the present invention by the rotary oven of continuous furnace design at the bottom of stove to combine with continous way through furnace at charging position and discharging position be suitable.They respectively can be pressed heating chamber or all hot cell uses.Usually connect a quenching chamber in terminal.
In this stove, might handle simultaneously the workpiece that requires different case depths.For example, can (carry out high carbon potential carburizing) in first treatment chamber, the requirement of packing into simultaneously has the workpiece of 0.5mm and 1.2mm case depth.Treatment time according to two kinds of furnace charges requires difference, can not control with computer by corresponding time difference, so that workpiece enters in second chamber (diffuser casing) by partition door.Simultaneously, control stove sense of rotation so that its motion by way of the shortest.Used computer to control whole stove.It can be in accordance with regulations treatment temp control carbon potential and carburizing and diffusion time controlled, simultaneously also can be according to the ability adjustment charging process of stove.
Details of the present invention, characteristics and advantage can be understood by following description of drawings.This figure is depicted as one and adopts protection gas that metal works is carried out multistage heat treated continuous furnace, and its two treatment chambers are that it has the furnace bottom that can be rotated periodically according to the circular cycle stove of the conceptual design of the present invention's proposition.
By the workpiece movement direction, the each several part of stove is arranged as follows successively:
Heating chamber 1 is a through type process furnace,
Carburizing chamber 2 is a circular cycle stove,
Diffuser casing 3 is a circular cycle stove,
All hot cell 4 is a through type process furnace,
5 is a quenching chamber.
Each furnace chamber constitutes a continuous furnace, can carry out two sections carburizings to workpiece with protection gas.Workpiece is positioned on the iron bar 6 or on the support, or is put in the charging basket, and enters in the stove by a feed chamber 7.Feed chamber 7 is equipped with a feeding gate 8.Feed chamber 7 is parts of heating chamber 1, and it makes heating chamber and isolate from outer air.After the partition door 9 that leads to heating chamber 1 is closed, get final product charging.
Heating chamber 1 can be by a pusher cylinder 10 chargings after opening partition door 9.Heat treated part passes through heating chamber 1 by the processing cycle, simultaneously in atmosphere a kind of not carburizing, that do not produce carbon black, from 830 ℃ of carburizing temperatures that are heated to 900 ℃.Heating chamber 1 wherein is equipped with an electric heater unit and is divided into two heating zone (not shown) by the continuous passing furnace design.Adopt methane rich combustion gas and air as protection gas.
A dumping device 11 is equipped with at the left end place of heating chamber 1 shown in the figure, is a chain assembly.After opening partition door 12, this device can be sent the thermal treatment part that is arranged in this place into the carburizing chamber 2 that is communicated with heating chamber.Heating chamber 2 is designed to circular periodic stove.It at the bottom of the converter 13, can rotate on both direction once in accordance with regulations, and 18 blowing positions are arranged.According to the requirement in workpiece treatment time, this furnace bottom can be regularly and irregularly, rotated on one or opposite turning direction by computer with controlling.In order to carry out carburizing, can carburizing chamber 2 be heated to 900 ℃ by heating unit at 4 heating zone devices with high carbon potential.Can adopt high methane gas and add gas shield gas.The time that workpiece needs to handle in carburetted gas is to be determined by the carburized layer depth of stipulating.Carburetted gas must not produce carbon black.After reaching specific time, the workpiece at the bottom of the rotary oven on 13 promptly rotates to the discharging position.Herein, a partition door 14 that leads to diffuser casing 3 is promptly opened.One chain type material-pulling device 15 is about to workpiece and is pushed in this chamber.This chamber is designed to a less circular cycle stove.
Diffuser casing 3 has the position of 6 parts of knocking off, and by means of the heating unit (not shown) treatment temp is adjusted in 900 ℃, wherein adopts high methane gas/interpolation gas+air to make protection gas.The residence time by workpiece is determined diffusion time.With the residence time of computer control workpiece in chamber 3.Then, by at the bottom of the rotary furnace to the left or to the right, workpiece is delivered to the discharging position along the shortest path.At this place, after opening a partition door 16, workpiece is delivered among the equal hot cell 4 by means of chain 17.
All hot cell 4 is designed by a through type stove.It is divided into two heating zone (heating unit is not shown), workpiece can be heated to the temperature of regulation, and for example quenching temperature is 850 ℃.Can adopt high methane gas/interpolation gas+air as protection gas.
All in the hot cell 4 workpiece is being heated to quenching temperature, protection gas carbon gesture wherein is the carbon content of workpiece extexine.In order in continuous passing furnace, to transport workpiece, a pusher cylinder 18 is installed also.Workpiece the cooling and after the quenching temperature soaking, a discharging position that promptly arrives the right side in two workpiece shown in the figure.Perhaps can workpiece be transported on the lifting gantry of quenching chamber 5 oil quenching grooves along illustrated long and short dash line direction, perhaps by a fire door discharging by an inner chain driver of installing.
By described stove, can carry out two sections carburizing treatment to various workpiece according to workpiece material, shape, size and quantity.Like this, just advantage of continuous passing furnace itself (drive automatically, high rate of heating) and travelling workpiece position had the advantages at the bottom of the rotary oven of high degree of flexibility.
Shown by reference numeral
1 heating chamber
Carburizing chambers 2
3 diffuser casings
4 equal hot cells
5 quenching chambers
6 brandreths
7 feed chambers
8 charging fire doors
9 partition doors
10 pusher cylinders
11 chain assemblies
12 partition doors
At the bottom of 13 rotary ovens
14 partition doors
15 chain assemblies
16 partition doors
17 chains
18 pusher cylinders
19 chain type driving devices
20 Dump gate

Claims (7)

1、一种应用连续式炉对金属工件进行热处理的工艺方法，其特征在于该炉至少有两个其中依次通过工件的，并对多个工件进行热处理的连续式处理室，各室都装有操作炉门，各工件周期地通过此炉门并进入处理室中，在处理室中进行加热处理之后，工件即移动，最终被送出，在炉子运行中，至少在一个处理室中，这类工件的移动是不规则的，也即这类工件的停留时间是不同的，之后才从有关的一个或几个处理室中送出。1. A process for heat treating metal workpieces using a continuous furnace, characterized in that the furnace has at least two continuous treatment chambers through which workpieces pass sequentially and for heat treating a plurality of workpieces, each chamber being equipped with an operating furnace door, through which each workpiece periodically passes and enters a treatment chamber, and after being heated in the treatment chamber, the workpiece is moved and eventually discharged, and during operation of the furnace, in at least one treatment chamber, the movement of the workpieces is irregular, that is, the residence time of the workpieces varies before they are discharged from the relevant one or more treatment chambers. 2、根据权利要求1中提出的工艺方法，其特征在于该方法是用一旋转炉底炉来实现的，该炉是按圆形周期炉设计的，它有一可按处理周期并可在相反旋转方向转动的炉底，它的运动周期可以是规则的，也可以是不规则的，由该炉构成了处理室。2. A process according to claim 1, characterised in that it is carried out using a rotary hearth furnace designed as a circular periodic furnace, having a hearth which can rotate in opposite directions according to the treatment cycle, the movement cycle being either regular or irregular, and forming the treatment chamber. 3、根据权利要求1或2中提出的工艺方法，其特征在于该方法是用一双圆形周期炉实现的，第一个处理室可用于进行高碳势的渗碳，第二个处理室可用于进行较低碳势的扩散，此二处理室是按单个的圆形周期炉设计的，并以一隔门隔开，此门最好与进料门和出料门在一轴线上。3. A process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the process is carried out using a double circular periodic furnace, the first treatment chamber being used for carburising with a high carbon potential and the second treatment chamber being used for diffusion with a lower carbon potential, the two treatment chambers being designed as a single circular periodic furnace and being separated by a partition door, preferably on the same axis as the feed and discharge doors. 4、根据权利要求1至3中的一个实现此工艺的特征在于是在保护气作用下在设备中的几个处理室中对金属工件进行二段渗碳处理室中的温度和（或）炉气是不同的，各炉室都装有一进料炉门和出料炉门，这就表明，4. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is characterized in that the metal workpiece is subjected to a two-stage carburizing treatment in several treatment chambers in the apparatus under the action of a protective gas, the temperature and/or furnace atmosphere in the chambers being different, and each chamber being equipped with a feed door and a discharge door, which means that 二处理室（2，3）是按圆形周期炉设计的，它有一旋转炉底，其中的一个操作炉门是用于与相邻处理室（3）相隔的隔门（14）。The two treatment chambers (2, 3) are designed as circular periodic furnaces and have a rotating furnace bottom. One of the operating furnace doors is a partition door (14) for separating the two treatment chambers (3). 5、根据权利要求4提出的设备说明，操作炉门至少彼此可移开45°。5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the operating doors are movable apart from each other by at least 45°. 6、根据权利要求4或5提出的设备说明，按圆形周期炉设计的其他处理室将按行星方式与第一个和（或）第二个处理室连接。6. The apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the further treatment chambers designed as a circular cycle furnace are connected to the first and/or second treatment chamber in a planetary manner. 7、根据权利要求4至6中的一项提出的设备说明，在装料一侧和卸料一侧各装置有一直通式炉，分别作为加热室（1）和均热室（4），在均热室处最好安置一淬火室。7. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a continuous furnace is provided on the charging side and the discharge side, serving as a heating chamber (1) and a soaking chamber (4), respectively, and preferably a quenching chamber is provided at the soaking chamber.
CN 85107934 1984-11-13 1985-10-28 Process for heat treatment of metallic pieces by continous furnace and apparatus thereof Expired CN1014078B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843441338 DE3441338A1 (en) 1984-11-13 1984-11-13 Process for heat-treating metallic workpieces, using a straight-flow or continuous pusher-type furnace, and equipment for carrying out this process
DEP3441338.3 1984-11-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN85107934A true CN85107934A (en) 1986-07-09
CN1014078B CN1014078B (en) 1991-09-25

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CN198585204461U Expired - Lifetime CN85204461U (en) 1984-11-13 1985-10-28 Continuous furnace for heat-treatment of metal parts
CN 85107934 Expired CN1014078B (en) 1984-11-13 1985-10-28 Process for heat treatment of metallic pieces by continous furnace and apparatus thereof

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JP (1) JPS61119665A (en)
CN (2) CN85204461U (en)
AT (1) AT392653B (en)
DE (1) DE3441338A1 (en)
SU (1) SU1487818A3 (en)

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CN1133060C (en) * 1995-04-24 2003-12-31 洛伊热处理有限公司 Method and furnaces for heat treatment of workpieces
CN102191451A (en) * 2011-04-19 2011-09-21 哈尔滨意锋稀土材料开发有限公司 A double furnace type continuous rare earth carburizing equipment and its process
CN102312187A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-01-11 黄山学院 Complete equipment for strengthening treatment of cutter surface
CN103842758A (en) * 2011-05-24 2014-06-04 自动压力机装置股份有限公司 A method and an apparatus for reducing the heat loss in a heated workpiece
CN110699633A (en) * 2019-11-27 2020-01-17 特诺恩技术（天津）有限公司 Charging and discharging method of annular rotary-bottom type gas carburizing furnace for gear carburizing heat treatment

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1133060C (en) * 1995-04-24 2003-12-31 洛伊热处理有限公司 Method and furnaces for heat treatment of workpieces
CN102191451A (en) * 2011-04-19 2011-09-21 哈尔滨意锋稀土材料开发有限公司 A double furnace type continuous rare earth carburizing equipment and its process
CN102191451B (en) * 2011-04-19 2013-06-19 哈尔滨意锋稀土材料开发有限公司 Double-hearth continuous rare earth carburizing process
CN103842758A (en) * 2011-05-24 2014-06-04 自动压力机装置股份有限公司 A method and an apparatus for reducing the heat loss in a heated workpiece
US9193541B2 (en) 2011-05-24 2015-11-24 Automation, Press And Tooling, A.P. & T Ab Method and an apparatus for reducing the heat loss in a heated workpiece
CN103842758B (en) * 2011-05-24 2016-06-08 自动压力机装置股份有限公司 For reducing the method and apparatus of the heat loss in heated parts
CN102312187A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-01-11 黄山学院 Complete equipment for strengthening treatment of cutter surface
CN110699633A (en) * 2019-11-27 2020-01-17 特诺恩技术（天津）有限公司 Charging and discharging method of annular rotary-bottom type gas carburizing furnace for gear carburizing heat treatment

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AT392653B (en) 1991-05-27
DE3441338A1 (en) 1986-05-15
CN1014078B (en) 1991-09-25
SU1487818A3 (en) 1989-06-15
JPH0116307B2 (en) 1989-03-23
JPS61119665A (en) 1986-06-06
ATA270185A (en) 1990-10-15
DE3441338C2 (en) 1988-04-14
CN85204461U (en) 1987-06-03

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