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CN85105731A - Produce the method and apparatus of synthetic gas - Google Patents

Produce the method and apparatus of synthetic gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN85105731A
CN85105731A CN 85105731 CN85105731A CN85105731A CN 85105731 A CN85105731 A CN 85105731A CN 85105731 CN85105731 CN 85105731 CN 85105731 A CN85105731 A CN 85105731A CN 85105731 A CN85105731 A CN 85105731A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pond
dividing plate
slag
water level
reactor
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Pending
Application number
CN 85105731
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
冈特·克劳斯·艾克斯特英
克特·谢里亚
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Priority to CN 85105731 priority Critical patent/CN85105731A/en
Publication of CN85105731A publication Critical patent/CN85105731A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

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  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

By in reactor, carbonaceous fuel and oxygen-containing gas being carried out the method and apparatus that partial combustion prepares synthetic gas, produced simultaneously slag is removed by the slag-drip opening of reactor bottom, by action of gravity it is fed and to carry out chilling in pond and be cured then.By the pond median water level being reduced to below the dividing plate lower end curing slag that floats on the water surface of pond is removed, this dividing plate is disposed in the pond and the pond and is divided into top quench zone and bottom capture district, by flood again dividing plate upper end with on capture scum silica frost below the dividing plate, through being arranged in the relief outlet that captures the top, district the slag that captures is discharged from the pond.

Description

Produce the method and apparatus of synthetic gas
The invention relates to by carbonaceous fuel and oxygen-containing gas and in reactor, carry out the method that part of fuel is produced synthetic gas, produced simultaneously slag is removed by the slag-drip opening of reactor bottom, by action of gravity it is fed in pond in addition chilling and makes its curing then.
Carbonaceous fuel carries out part of fuel with the oxygen-containing gas that is essentially pure oxygen and produces synthetic gas, and this synthetic gas mainly is made up of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.When oxygen-containing gas was air or oxygen-rich air, formed synthetic gas also contained the nitrogen of a great deal of certainly.So-called carbonaceous fuel is commonly referred to as coal or other solid fuel, for example, brown coal, mud coal, timber, coke, carbon black or the like, but liquid fuel, for example the mixture of tar sand oils or shale oil and liquid and granular solids fuel also is fine.
Preferably negative catalyst is also fed reactor.The purpose of negative catalyst is that the temperature in the reactor is played mitigate effects.By negative catalyst and reagent and (or) thermo-negative reaction of producing between the product of synthetic gas guarantees this point.Suitable negative catalyst is steam and carbonic acid gas.
Gasification is preferably carried out in 1200~1700 ℃ of temperature ranges He in 1~200 bar pressure scope.
The shape of producing the reactor of synthetic gas can be spherical, taper, box-shaped or garden cylindricality.Reactor preferably mainly is the ring-type Cylinder.
By reactor bottom input carbonaceous fuel and oxygen-containing gas.Import a kind of reagent by reactor bottom, and to import one or more other reagents by the sidewall of reactor also be possible.Yet fuel and oxygen-containing gas and negative catalyst are preferably imported by sidewall of reactor.Can advantageously realize this point by being symmetrical at least two burners that reactor axis is arranged in lower sidewall.
The part slag is carried secretly away with the droplet-shaped synthetic gas, and leaves reactor thus.Can be arranged in reactor bottom or close bottom though discharge the outlet of synthetic gas, preferably be positioned near top or the top.
The remaining part of formed liquid residue falls down in combustion reactions, and discharges by the slag-drip opening that is positioned at reactor bottom.
In order to remove the residue in the gasification, this early knows altogether that for the people in the vapourizing furnace pond, the slag that settles down owing to its action of gravity is captured and chilling in the vapourizing furnace bottom chilling pond to be installed, and forms small-particle slag or caking slag.After so becoming particle, slag is removed from the pond termly or continuously by general device.Slag-drip opening by basin bottom can suitably be discharged slag.When vapourizing furnace and pond are when being in 1 Palestine and Israel upward pressure, adorning a washing container (sluicing vessel) and be good below the pond.
The a part of slag that is cured by chilling floats on the water surface in pond always.Sometimes, the slag of 1~80 weight % that discharges from the reactor slag-drip opening adrift always.When this scum silica frost formed a suitable thick-layer, it may stop slag to be fallen in the pond.Therefore, preferably become and scum silica frost is removed from water before too thick at slag blanket.
When the slag-drip opening by basin bottom with the pond in all water all eject when removing removing dross, the slag of heat will contact with a valve or a plurality of valve at said slag-drip opening, this understands cause sizable infringement to valve.
According to the present invention, by an independent outlet scum silica frost is discharged, and still old enough water comes the chilling slag.
Therefore, the invention relates to by carbonaceous fuel and oxygen-containing gas and in reactor, carry out the method that synthetic gas is produced in partial combustion, produce slag simultaneously, this slag is discharged by the slag-drip opening of reactor bottom, and allow it fall in the pond by action of gravity, therein owing to chilling is cured, it is characterized in that, by the water level in the pond being reduced to get off the slag on the water surface that floats over the pond being removed of dividing plate than the lower end, this dividing plate is to be arranged in the pond, and the pond is divided into top quench zone and bottom capture district, and upper end by the dividing plate of flooding again, capture the scum silica frost below the dividing plate thus, the slag that traps is discharged from the pond by being arranged in an outlet that captures the top, district.
The present invention carries out partially combusted equipment about carbonaceous fuel and oxygen-containing gas, this equipment comprises a reactor that a slag-drip opening is housed in its bottom, slag is flowed in the pond by slag-drip opening, it is characterized in that, dividing plate is equipped with in the pond, the pond is divided into top quench zone and bottom capture district, be equipped with and can reduce and the device of rising pond median water level and the relief outlet of a scum silica frost and water is housed whether must takes the treating method that improves often and reduces capturing the top, district, this depend on carbonaceous fuel with (or) ash content of that part of slag of buoyant always.According to circumstances need, it also is possible only taking this treating method every now and then.Also can repeat this treating method termly.
Suitably arrange dividing plate, so that on the one hand when flood, it has the horizontal section part in enough ponds to capture the scum silica frost of a great deal of, and on the other hand, it is not so greatly, so that influence slag to sinking.Therefore, dividing plate preferably covers the horizontal section in 50~95% ponds.
Dividing plate can have different shapes, and therefore, it is possible adopting the dividing plate of part Cylinder wall shape, and the convex surface of this Cylinder up.When pond itself was the garden cylindricality, dividing plate preferably adopted the shape of a saddle like this.Dividing plate also can be sphere or semisphere.
Yet, preferably dividing plate at least major portion be flat, and be placed in the pond obliquely, because this simple in structure.For the optimal performance of flat partition board are provided, preferably make its angle of setting become 20 to 70 degree with the pond axis.
In another embodiment preferred, at least the major portion of dividing plate is the taper surface shape, the summit of this conical surface up, and its drift angle is in 40~140 scopes, by the outlet pipe that is arranged in the conical surface top slag that is captured is discharged simultaneously, though conical surface might not with the pond concentric, preferably the summit of conical surface is positioned on the medullary ray in pond.
The dividing plate that preferably is flat or taper advantageously has a limit in the lower end, this limit is preferably vertical.
Because the angle that is between dividing plate major portion flat or taper and the pond axis is in preferred embodiments between 20 and 70 degree, is quite little so solid impurity particle adheres to the danger of baffle surface.The so-called solid impurity particle meaning is to be cured and slag that falls down and the scum silica frost that contacts with dividing plate when water level reduces at quench zone.
Still the slag that adheres on the dividing plate for example can suitably be removed by the vibration dividing plate.Adherent slag washed away from dividing plate be good.In addition, when the water level in pond is reduced to the dividing plate lower end when following, preferably dividing plate is washed.For this reason, preferably on the wall in pond, be more preferably a bath nozzle is housed at least in the upper end of dividing plate.Wash away dividing plate and not only wash away adherent slag, and the slag cooling that makes dividing plate and fall thereon, owing to making slag, cooling solidifies, and flush water can protect dividing plate not overheated like this.
When still high and flat partition board becomes to be arranged vertically when water level, can prevent that slag from adhering to the problem of dividing plate.The path that slag falls is not downwards disturbed by dividing plate.Therefore, in preferred embodiments, the pond median septum preferably be arranged to rotaryly, dividing plate can rotate around an axle by this way, be that it can rotate to obliquity from a vertical position, the upper end of dividing plate contacts with the wall in pond at least there.When water level is, divider upright to be placed when above in the upper end of dividing plate.When water level reduces,,, and contact with the pool wall above the scum silica frost outlet pipe just in time so that its covers considerable part level cross-sectionn, pond with regard to rotating barrier.When water level raise, dividing plate was maintained at one position, back.Be removed until the scum silica frost that captures, dividing plate just rotates back into its original vertical position.
In cylindricality pond, garden, dividing plate preferably is ellipse garden shape, slices off the bottom of this ellipse garden shape, and the minor axis of ellipse garden shape is the same long with the internal diameter in pond, and this dividing plate can rotate around said minor axis.After below water level is reduced to the dividing plate lower end, can suitably be rotated into obliquity to this dividing plate.When dividing plate was in this obliquity, the slag that falls from reactor can be by by being sliced off the opening that part provides, and this surface-area that is sliced off part preferably accounts for 5~50% of ellipse garden surface-area.
Show, can suitably in the pressure range of 1~200 crust, gasify.The pressure of gasifying reactor also can be crossed the pressure in the pond.When gasification is when carrying out under about 1 bar pressure, scum silica frost of discharging from the pond and water can directly lead to separator, strainer for example, and can from water, separate and slag tap.Under elevated pressures, scum silica frost preferably enters termly with in its susceptor of therefrom removing.In addition, susceptor preferably is arranged in the place that is close to the pond, and will be connected with susceptor in the outlet at top, pond capture district with a pipe.
Preferably have at least a pipe that susceptor is connected with the device that improves the pond median water level with reduction.Can correspondingly reduce water level the pond by water is fed susceptor from the pond, and just can improve water level the pond by water is sent back to the pond from susceptor.Like this, discharge scum silica frost from this system and only need quite few water.Susceptor and reduction and improve between the device of pond median water level and might be connected with a pipe.Water is by this root pipe in any case.Preferably, between the device of susceptor and reduction pond median water level, a pipe is housed, between the device of susceptor and raising pond median water level, a pipe is housed in addition.
Though to comprise a receiving vessel but adopt a susceptor in the atmospheric gasification process also be possible when gasification this equipment when 1 Palestine and Israel's upward pressure carries out is corresponding.
Further specify the present invention referring now to accompanying drawing.Control and setting device, cooling system, insulation or the like does not show in the drawings, and a part of equipment that the carbonaceous fuel partial combustion is used represented in these figure summarys.
With reference to Fig. 1, by the burner on the sidewall of reactor 12, can be with carbonaceous fuel, oxygen-containing gas and available negative catalyst are introduced reactor 1.Partial combustion produces synthetic gas and slag.Formed more operative liquid slag is discharged from reactor by the slag-drip opening 3 of reactor 1 bottom.Synthetic gas is to the upper reaches, and the gas discharge outlet 5 by reactor head leaves reactor 1.Liquid slag falls from relief outlet 3, falls in the Cylinder pond 4, solidifies there.The solid slag particle passes through downwards along dividing plate 12, and this dividing plate is placed in the pond obliquely, and the pond is divided into top quench zone 13 and captures district 14 down, and the boundary in these two districts itself is regulated by dividing plate 12.Slag passes through slag-drip opening 6, and with valve 7 and 8 it is fed slag container 9, through valve 10 and 11 slag is cleaned out thus.
Part slag, especially poroid solid impurity particle and slag bits float on the water surface in pond always.Reduce water level in the pond termly by opening valve 20 on the pipeline 19, water is sent into susceptor 25 by discharge outlet 18 and through pipeline 19.By reducing water level, scum silica frost is passed in the opening between the vertical edges 21 of pond 4 and dividing plate 12 along dividing plate 12.When water level reached its lower-most point, valve 20 cut out.The lowest water level in pond suitably is between the low side and relief outlet 18 on limit 21: like this, scum silica frost can be dispersed on the entire cross section in pond after dividing plate passes through; Outlet 18, the danger that valve 20 and pipeline 19 are not polluted by slag.Then, valve 17 and 23 is opened, and by pump 24, water is pumped into the capture district from susceptor 25 through pipeline 22, and water level improves thus.Most of scum silica frost is captured below dividing plate 12, and enters susceptor 25 by exporting 15 through pipeline 16.Pipeline 16 preferably is inclined upwardly a little, so that impel scum silica frost to pass through.When water level just in time reaches dividing plate upper end when above, valve 17 cuts out, and when water level reached desirable top water level, shut-off valve 23 shut down pump 24.In susceptor 25, still retain some water (with dashed lines 26 expressions).Floating over slag waterborne in the susceptor 25 flows out by valve 27 and 28 frequently.
When gasifying reactor was operated under elevated pressures, this susceptor is corresponding to be equipped with a pressure control device.Before scum silica frost flows out from susceptor 25,,, pressure in the susceptor is reduced to normal pressure through pipeline 29 emission gases by opening valve 30., after susceptor is discharged, by pipeline 29 gas is pressed into this container and makes wherein increased pressure at scum silica frost.Pressure in the susceptor might not equal the pressure in the pond; The former pressure can be slightly low than the latter, when opening valve 20, water comparatively fast feeds susceptor.Open valve 20, the two pressure equates.After turning off valve 20 and 23, this pressure is reduced, so that scum silica frost is flowed out.
In Fig. 2, express with the equipment that is arranged to rotatable dividing plate 31 replacement stationary barriers 12.This dividing plate is ellipse garden shape, therefrom slices off a part.This dividing plate can be around rotating with 32 minor axises that indicated.
When scum silica frost was collected in water surface, dividing plate was in vertical position (dotting) in the operation.Sediment is not hindered by dividing plate.In the time will removing removing dross, flow out water and water level is reduced through pipeline 19, and dividing plate is become obliquity as shown in Figure 2.Open after valve 23 and 17, make the water level rising can will capture the scum silica frost capture in district's (limiting when being in obliquity) with dividing plate by dividing plate by water is fed to capture to distinguish through pipeline 22.After pipeline 16 removes removing dross, water level is brought up to desirable maximum height, and dividing plate is rotated to former vertical position.
Represented embodiment is to adopt the conical baffle 33 on limit 35 is housed in Fig. 3.The slag that is captured is discharged through the relief outlet 34 at conical baffle top, and this relief outlet is connected with pipeline 19 by pipe 36.
Embodiment
Carry out following experiment with the equipment shown in Fig. 1, its median septum is flat, and is placed on obliquely in the pond, and this dividing plate covers 80% level cross-sectionn, pond.
Per hour 6.6 tons are filled the nitrogen coal dust, and 5.6 tons of oxygen-containing gass and 0.6 ton of steam are introduced in the reactor through burner.
The mean particle size of coal dust is 510 -5Rice, and with ashless butt calculating, form by following:
C 81.5 weight %
H 5.3 weight %
N 1.6 weight %
O 10.8 weight %
S 0.8 weight %
Ash content is 8 weight %, moisture content 1 weight %.Oxygen-containing gas is made up of 99% pure oxygen
Pressure is 30 crust in the reactor.
Per hour 12 tons of synthetic gas of 1400 ℃ with following composition are discharged from (pressing dry gas calculates) by gas discharge outlet:
CO 66.1 volume %
H 31.5 volume %
CO 22.0 volume %
H 2S 0.3 volume %
CH 40.1 volume %
The slag of carrying secretly in the synthetic gas is 178 kilograms/hour.
The quantity of slag of discharging by slag-drip opening is 350 kilograms/hour.It is fallen in the pond, is cured there.
10 weight % are arranged adrift in the slag that is cured always.According to mentioned above, per 5 hours with water level reduction and rising.The scum silica frost that is removed enters susceptor.The emptying in per 24 hours of this susceptor once.
Sediment flows out from slag container 9 termly.

Claims (14)

1, in reactor, carry out the method that synthetic gas is produced in partial combustion by carbonaceous fuel and oxygen-containing gas, produced simultaneously slag is removed by the slag-drip opening of reactor bottom, by action of gravity it is fed in pond in addition chilling then and be cured, it is characterized in that, remove floating in the pond slag on the water surface by the pond median water level being reduced to below the dividing plate lower end, this dividing plate is positioned in the pond, and the pond is divided into top quench zone and bottom capture district, then by flood again dividing plate upper end with on capture scum silica frost below the dividing plate, the slag of Bu Jiing captures the relief outlet of distinguishing the top and discharges from the pond through being placed in thus.
2,, it is characterized in that this dividing plate covers 50~95% the level cross-sectionn in pond by claim 1 described method.
3, by claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that this dividing plate major part at least is flat, and tilt to be placed in the pond.
By claim 3 described methods, it is characterized in that 4, this dividing plate becomes 20~70 degree angles to place with the pond axis.
5, by claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that the major part of this dividing plate is the taper surface at least, the summit on this taper surface up, its drift angle is in 40~140 degree scopes, and its feature is that also the slag of capture is discharged through the relief outlet at top, taper surface.
6, by claim 5 described methods, it is characterized in that the summit on taper surface is to be positioned on the medullary ray of pond.
7, by each or multinomial described method in the claim 3~6, it is characterized in that this dividing plate has a limit in its lower end, this edge is vertical.
8, by each or multinomial described method in the claim 1~7, it is characterized in that,, wash away this dividing plate when the water level in pond is reduced to the dividing plate lower end when following.
9, by claim 1 described method, it is characterized in that the dividing plate of layout can rotate in the pond.
10, by claim 9 described methods, it is characterized in that dividing plate is ellipse garden shape, therefrom its underpart is cut away, and its minor axis is the same with the pond internal diameter long, below the pond median water level is reduced to the dividing plate lower end after this dividing plate changed into obliquity.
By claim 10 described methods, it is characterized in that 11, that part of surface-area that is sliced off accounts for 5~50% of ellipse garden surface-area.
12, according to each or multinomial described method in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that, the scum silica frost that is captured entered susceptor, then scum silica frost thus susceptor be removed.
13, by claim 12 described methods, it is characterized in that, make pond median water level reduction the susceptor and the pond median water level is raise by water is sent back to the pond from susceptor by water is fed from the pond.
14, carbonaceous fuel and oxygen-containing gas carry out partially combusted equipment, comprising a reactor, at this reactor bottom a slag-drip opening is housed, slag flows in the pond thus, it is characterized in that dividing plate is equipped with in the pond, the pond is divided into top quench zone and bottom capture district, the device that reduces and improve the pond median water level also is housed, and the relief outlet of a scum silica frost and water is arranged at the top that captures the district.
CN 85105731 1985-07-27 1985-07-27 Produce the method and apparatus of synthetic gas Pending CN85105731A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 85105731 CN85105731A (en) 1985-07-27 1985-07-27 Produce the method and apparatus of synthetic gas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 85105731 CN85105731A (en) 1985-07-27 1985-07-27 Produce the method and apparatus of synthetic gas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN85105731A true CN85105731A (en) 1987-02-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN 85105731 Pending CN85105731A (en) 1985-07-27 1985-07-27 Produce the method and apparatus of synthetic gas

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN85105731A (en)

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