CN213844542U - Simple and convenient mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model - Google Patents
Simple and convenient mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model Download PDFInfo
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- CN213844542U CN213844542U CN202120084773.8U CN202120084773U CN213844542U CN 213844542 U CN213844542 U CN 213844542U CN 202120084773 U CN202120084773 U CN 202120084773U CN 213844542 U CN213844542 U CN 213844542U
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Abstract
本申请涉及医学教学设备技术领域，提供一种简便的机械十二指肠乳头插管训练模型，包括底座，用于模拟人体躯干部；第一柔性管，为模拟食道，第一柔性管可拆卸式设于底座上；空心囊，为模拟胃，空心囊可拆卸式设于底座上并与第一柔性管的一端连接，第一柔性管的另一端为插入端；第二柔性管，弯曲设置，为模拟十二指肠，第二柔性管可拆卸式设于底座上且第二柔性管的一端与空心囊连接；以及，插管，插管可拆卸式设于底座上并可拆卸式插接于第二柔性管上，插管上设有插头，插头插入至第二柔性管内，插头为模拟十二指肠乳头。该训练模型具有材料来源广、取材方便、成本低、模拟程度高及重复使用的优点。
The application relates to the technical field of medical teaching equipment, and provides a simple mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model, including a base for simulating a human body trunk; a first flexible tube for simulating the esophagus, and the first flexible tube is detachable The hollow sac is set on the base; the hollow sac is designed to simulate the stomach, and the hollow sac is detachably arranged on the base and connected with one end of the first flexible tube, and the other end of the first flexible tube is the insertion end; the second flexible tube is bent and arranged , in order to simulate the duodenum, the second flexible tube is detachably arranged on the base and one end of the second flexible tube is connected with the hollow sac; Connected to the second flexible tube, the intubation tube is provided with a plug, the plug is inserted into the second flexible tube, and the plug is a simulated duodenal papilla. The training model has the advantages of wide material source, convenient material acquisition, low cost, high simulation degree and repeated use.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of medical teaching equipment, and more specifically relates to a simple and convenient mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model.
Background
The duodenoscope is inserted into the duodenal papilla from the oral cavity, and then an instrument is inserted into a bile duct and/or a pancreatic duct in the duodenal papilla through a biopsy duct in the duodenoscope, and the condition of the instrument in the bile duct and the pancreatic duct is monitored under the double observation of an endoscope and an X line.
ERCP is the most difficult technique in digestive endoscopy compared to other endoscopic procedures such as gastrointestinal endoscopy. The ERCP technique is difficult and high in risk, complications related to the operation per se, including digestive tract perforation, post-operation pancreatitis and the like, often have serious and even fatal consequences for patients, and the complications are caused by unskilled operator techniques, so that the ERCP can be operated by high-tech endoscopic physicians in hospitals.
The most important step for the success of ERCP operation is duodenal papilla intubation, and subsequent operations related to the bile pancreatic duct, such as radiography, stone removal, stent implantation and the like, can be performed only after the intubation is successful. Foreign studies have shown that even after 150 ERCP procedures, the success rate of the procedure is only 60%. And the ERCP doctor culture in foreign countries is that after a specialist doctor receives basic endoscope training, the ERCP related training is continued for 3 years. The current common condition in China is that doctors related to ERCP go forward to repair in a large ERCP endoscope center for 3-6 months, and only a few doctors can go forward to repair for one year, so that a plurality of doctors still cannot master the technology after going forward to repair. With the current wide clinical demand for ERCP technology, more ERCP physicians are required to engage in relevant technology; even if the relevant doctor grasps the relevant technique, the grasping hand technique is likely to be degraded every year if there is no certain number of cases.
The duodenoscope required by ERCP operation is a side-looking endoscope, and when duodenal papilla intubation is carried out, an incision knife and papilla alignment operation are required to be carried out, and the most basic operation skill requires that an operator is skilled in mastering the combined operation of an endoscope body, a large knob, a small knob and a forceps lifter. The conventional ERCP operation is mostly performed by doctors of digestive system department, the digestive system department doctors are familiar with the operation of direct-view endoscopes such as conventional gastrointestinal endoscope, and the operation of the duodenoscope which is used as the side-view endoscope is relatively easy to get to hands. Even so, during learning, the digestive physician still cannot avoid perforation of the digestive tract, particularly the duodenum, due to unfamiliar anatomical direction shifts resulting from field of view shifts. In addition, since ERCP is performed by cooperation of the operating doctor and the assistant nurse, the assistant nurse needs to grasp the skill of using the accessories such as the incision knife and the guide wire required for the duodenal papilla intubation, and the skill of using the accessories also needs a long time to learn and practice.
More and more hepatobiliary surgeons have recently begun to participate in ERCP training as well. Compared with the digestive physicians, most hepatobiliary surgeons have zero basis for the operation of the endoscope, so that the learning time of the ERCP is long, and the learning difficulty is increased. In most hospitals, there are not enough cases to practice the handskills due to the new technology just developed. Various factors are combined together, and the development of the ERCP technology in hospitals at all levels is greatly hindered. In order to avoid the operation with high difficulty in training the patient so as to avoid unnecessary injury to the patient, a cheap and good duodenal papilla intubation training model is urgently needed to shorten the learning time of ERCP and reduce the learning difficulty, so that more doctors can master the technology.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide a simple and convenient mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the learning time is long and the learning difficulty is large when a doctor performs ERCP operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: the utility model provides a simple and convenient mechanical duodenal papilla intubate training model, includes:
a base for simulating a human torso;
the first flexible pipe is a simulated esophagus and is detachably arranged on the base;
the hollow bag is detachably arranged on the base and is connected with one end of the first flexible pipe, and the other end of the first flexible pipe is an endoscope insertion end 1;
the second flexible tube is arranged in a bent mode and used for simulating duodenum, the second flexible tube is detachably arranged on the base, and one end of the second flexible tube is connected with the hollow bag; and the number of the first and second groups,
the intubation tube is detachably arranged on the base and is detachably inserted into the second flexible tube, a plug is arranged on the intubation tube and is inserted into the second flexible tube, and the plug simulates the duodenal papilla.
In one embodiment, the first flexible tube, the second flexible tube and the insertion tube are all disposed on the base through a plurality of fixing members, the hollow bag is suspended above the base, and each fixing member is detachably connected to the first flexible tube, the second flexible tube and the insertion tube.
In one embodiment, the fixing member includes a supporting plate connected to the base, a vertical plate disposed on the supporting plate, a first arc-shaped plate disposed on the vertical plate, and a second arc-shaped plate detachably disposed on the vertical plate, wherein a mounting hole is formed between the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate, and the mounting hole is used for clamping the first flexible tube, the second flexible tube, or the insertion tube.
In one embodiment, at least two fixing pieces are arranged for supporting the first flexible pipe, and the distance from the fixing piece far away from the hollow bag to the end face of the first flexible pipe far away from the hollow bag is 1-10 mm.
In one embodiment, the support plate and the vertical plate are L-shaped, the support plate is arranged on the base through a first bolt or adhered to the base, and the second arc-shaped plate is detachably arranged on the vertical plate through a second bolt.
In one embodiment, a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe are respectively arranged at two ends of the hollow bag, the first connecting pipe and the first flexible pipe are sleeved and the overlapped part is connected through a connecting piece, and the second connecting pipe and the second flexible pipe are sleeved and the overlapped part is connected through a connecting piece.
In one embodiment, the connector is a hoop or a snap ring.
In one embodiment, the first flexible tube and the second flexible tube are both corrugated tubes, and the first flexible tube and the second flexible tube are both polyvinyl chloride tubes.
In one embodiment, the hollow bag is a rubber hollow bag, a silica gel hollow bag or a soft plastic hollow bag, and the base is a rubber base, a silica gel base, a plastic base or a wood base.
In one embodiment, the first flexible tube, the second flexible tube, the cannula, and the hollow balloon are all opaque or transparent.
The application provides a simple and convenient mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model's beneficial effect lies in:
1. the first flexible tube and the second flexible tube are used for manufacturing a simulated esophagus and a simulated duodenum, the hollow capsule and the intubation tube are used for manufacturing a simulated stomach and a simulated duodenal papilla, and the simulation degree is high, so that the training model has the advantages of wide material source, convenience in material taking, low cost and high simulation degree;
2. the first flexible tube, the hollow bag, the second flexible tube and the cannula are detachably connected, so that the training model is convenient to assemble, doctors and nurses can conveniently assemble and use, and convenience is provided for training;
3. because the cost is low, the assembly is convenient, the ERCP can be widely popularized to doctors and nurses in various hospitals for use, the ERCP technology is promoted, the hospitals or individuals can bear economic burden, and the doctors and nurses can deal with various duodenal papilla forms after the technology of the doctors and nurses is improved, so that the ERCP can be more guaranteed for the health of patients;
4. because first flexible tube, the second flexible tube, intubate and hollow bag are transparent, the operator is at the operation in-process like this, can audio-visually understand the particular case of scope in this training model, and simultaneously, the perspective effect of X line can be simulated to transparent, the use of X line equipment has been left out this moment, the training cost has been reduced, and make things convenient for the operator to know the position of duodenoscope mirror body and nipple incision sword, with the help of transparent material's visuality, make the study operation scene more close to clinical reality, make the operator know the operating conditions from inside and outside, thereby make the operator familiar with the operation of duodenoscope sooner, the operator has effectively improved the learning efficiency that carries out ERCP.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a simple mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a front view structural illustration of a simple mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing member in a mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a connecting member of a mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a connecting member in a mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an intubation tube in a mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model provided by an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:
1. a base; 2. a first flexible tube; 21. a free section; 3. a hollow capsule; 31. a first connecting pipe; 32. a second connecting pipe; 4. a second flexible tube; 5. inserting a tube; 51. a plug; 6. a fixing member; 61. a support plate; 62. a vertical plate; 63. a first arc-shaped plate; 64. a second arc-shaped plate; 65. mounting holes; 66. a first bolt; 67. a second bolt; 7. a connecting member; 71. a clamping hole; 72. an operating ear; 73. a first half hoop; 74. a second half hoop; 75. and a third bolt.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings that is solely for the purpose of facilitating the description and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
Referring now to fig. 1, 2 and 6, a simplified mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model provided by an embodiment of the present application will be described. The simple mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model comprises a base 1, a first flexible tube 2, a hollow bag 3, a second flexible tube 4 and an intubation tube 5.
Wherein, base 1 is used for simulating human trunk, when carrying out the training operation, and first base 1 places on sick bed or the platform similar to the operating table. First flexible pipe 2 is the simulation esophagus, and first flexible pipe 2 is detachable to be located on base 1, makes things convenient for the equipment of first flexible pipe 2 like this.
The second flexible tube 4 is bent to be in a duodenum shape, the second flexible tube 4 is used for simulating duodenum, the second flexible tube 4 is detachably arranged on the base 1, one end of the second flexible tube 4 is connected with the hollow bag 3, and therefore the endoscope can be inserted into the second flexible tube 4 after penetrating through the hollow bag 3. One end of the second flexible tube 4, which is far away from the hollow bag 3, can be inserted into a plugging member such as a rubber plug or sealed by adopting a clamping member, so that the digestive tract simulated by the whole training model is of a structure with one blind end.
The intubation tube 5 is detachably arranged on the base 1 and detachably inserted into the second flexible tube 4, so that the position of the intubation tube 5 inserted into the second flexible tube 4 can be changed at any time. Specifically, the insertion tube 5 is provided with the plug 51, the plug 51 is inserted into the second flexible tube 4, the plug 51 simulates the duodenal papilla, and the plug 51 can be inserted into the second flexible tube 4 at multiple positions and at multiple angles, so that different conditions of the duodenal papilla can be simulated.
The simple and convenient mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model provided by the embodiment of the application can simulate common operation methods and combined application of a duodenoscope endoscope, and can also practice intubation under the guidance of a papilla incision knife and a guide wire. When the device is used, the duodenoscope is inserted into the simulated esophagus opening and then enters the simulated stomach, the right-handed endoscope body is straightened and shortened to reach the simulated duodenal papilla opening, and the combined observation of the duodenoscope on the papilla, the pulling-in and the pushing-out of the duodenoscope, the use of the large knob and the small knob in a matched mode, the use of the forceps lifting device and the intubation exercise in different directions of the incision knife are exercised through the rotation of the duodenoscope, the pulling of the endoscope, the operation of the large knob and the small knob and the forceps lifting device.
The simple and convenient mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model provided by the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the first flexible tube 2, the hollow bag 3, the second flexible tube 4 and the insertion tube 5 are detachably connected, so that the first flexible tube, the hollow bag, the second flexible tube and the insertion tube can be independently produced or purchased and then assembled together, and the device has the advantages of wide material source, convenience in assembly, reusability, capability of replacing damaged independent parts and low cost.
2. The first flexible tube 2 and the second flexible tube 4 are used for manufacturing a simulated esophagus and a simulated duodenum, the flexibility of the flexible tubes can simulate the esophagus and the duodenum in different shapes, the hollow bag 3 and the intubation tube 5 are used for manufacturing a simulated stomach and a simulated duodenal papilla, the hollow bag 3 can select the hollow bag 3 with the functions of contraction and expansion, different states of the stomach can be simulated, the intubation tube 5 can be inserted to different positions of the second flexible tube 4, particularly the bent inner side of the second flexible tube 4, the direction of the intubation tube 5 inserted into the second flexible tube 4 can be adjusted, and therefore different position conditions of the duodenal papilla can be simulated, and the training model has the advantage of high simulation degree;
3. the first flexible tube 2, the hollow bag 3, the second flexible tube 4 and the insertion tube 5 are detachably connected, so that the training model is convenient to assemble, doctors and nurses can conveniently and personally assemble and use, and convenience is provided for ERCP operation training;
4. because the cost is low, the equipment is convenient, can extensively promote doctors and nurses in each hospital to use, when improving ERCP technical popularization for each hospital or individual can bear economic burden, after doctor and nurse's technique improves, can deal with various duodenum nipple shapes, this has more the security to patient's health.
As shown in fig. 1-2, in the present embodiment, the first flexible tube 2, the second flexible tube 4 and the insertion tube 5 are all disposed on the base 1 through a plurality of fixing members 6, the hollow bag 3 is suspended above the base 1, the hollow bag 3 is suspended to simulate the state of the stomach in the body, and each fixing member 6 is detachably connected to the first flexible tube 2, the second flexible tube 4 and the insertion tube 5. Specifically, in the present embodiment, there are three fixing members 6 for fixing the first flexible tube 2, five fixing members 6 for fixing the second flexible tube 4, and one fixing member 6 for fixing the cannula 5. Of course, the specific number of the fixing members 6 may be selected according to the lengths of the first flexible tube 2 and the second flexible tube 4.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in this embodiment, the fixing member 6 includes a supporting plate 61 connected to the base 1, a vertical plate 62 disposed on the supporting plate 61, a first arc-shaped plate 63 disposed on the vertical plate 62, and a second arc-shaped plate 64 detachably disposed on the vertical plate 62, the first arc-shaped plate 63 and the second arc-shaped plate 64 are folded to form a mounting hole 65, and the mounting hole 65 is used for clamping the first flexible pipe 2, the second flexible pipe 4, or the insertion pipe 5. Backup pad 61, riser 62 and first arc 63 integrated into one piece, wherein, the detachable connection of second arc 64, like this in the installation, can adjust the size of mounting hole 65 to be applicable to the first flexible pipe 2 and the second flexible pipe 4 of different diameters size, mounting hole 65 is circular hole or oval-shaped hole.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, at least two fixing members 6 for supporting the first flexible tube 2 are provided, and the distance from the fixing member 6 away from the hollow bag 3 to the end surface of the first flexible tube 2 away from the hollow bag 3 is 1 to 10 mm. The tube section of the first flexible tube 2, which is 1-10mm long and away from the hollow capsule 3, is a free section 21, and the free section 21 is used for simulating the opening of the esophagus at different angles (after the patient lies on the examination bed, the head deflects to enable the opening to face different angles), namely, for simulating different insertion angles of the endoscope.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in this embodiment, the supporting plate 61 and the vertical plate 62 are L-shaped, the supporting plate 61 is fixed on the base 1 by the first bolt 66, or the supporting plate 61 is fixed on the base 1 by bonding, the second arc-shaped plate 64 is detachably disposed on the vertical plate 62 by the second bolt 67, the second bolt 67 can adjust the opening angle between the first arc-shaped plate 63 and the second arc-shaped plate 64, so as to adjust the aperture of the mounting hole 65, and thus the flexible pipe is suitable for the first flexible pipe 2, the second flexible pipe 4 and the insertion pipe 5 with different diameters. Wherein the fixing piece 6 for fixing the cannula 5 is used for clamping the tube body of the cannula 5.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, in this embodiment, a first connection tube 31 and a second connection tube 32 are respectively disposed at two ends of the hollow bag 3, the first connection tube 31 and the first flexible tube 2 are sleeved and the overlapped portion is connected by a connection piece 7, and the second connection tube 32 and the second flexible tube 4 are sleeved and the overlapped portion is connected by a connection piece 7. Specifically, the first connection pipe 31 is inserted into the first flexible pipe 2 by interference, the second connection pipe 32 is inserted into the second flexible pipe 4 by interference, and then the overlapped part is clamped by the connection member 7, so that the connection stability is ensured.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the connecting member 7 is a snap ring or an anchor ear. Of course, the connecting member may be a band as long as it can tie or clamp the first flexible tube 2 and the first connecting tube 31 and the second flexible tube 4 and the second connecting tube 32.
As shown in fig. 4, the connecting member 7 is a snap ring, which is formed by bending and intersecting a metal wire or a metal sheet and has a snap hole 71, and in a natural state, the diameter of the snap hole 71 is smaller than the diameters of the first flexible pipe 2 and the second flexible pipe 4. Card hole 71 is round hole or elliptical hole, the both ends of wire or sheetmetal are bent into operation ear 72 respectively, the extrusion force is applyed to the snap ring to the convenience like this, when the extrusion force orders about two operation ears 72 relative motion, the aperture of card hole 71 can grow, thereby can overlap and establish on first flexible pipe 2 and second flexible pipe 4, when removing the extrusion force to operation ear 72, because the elasticity restoring capacity of wire or sheetmetal self, the aperture of card hole 71 diminishes to initial condition, thereby first flexible pipe 2 of centre gripping and second flexible pipe 4, so that first flexible pipe 2 and first connecting pipe 31 stable connection, second flexible pipe 4 and second connecting pipe 32 stable connection.
As shown in fig. 5, the connecting member 7 is a hoop, the hoop includes a first half hoop 73 and a second half hoop 74, one end of the first half hoop 73 and one end of the second half hoop 74 are hinged by a hinge, and the other end of the first half hoop 73 and the other end of the second half hoop 74 are connected by a third bolt 75, so that the first half hoop 73 and the second half hoop 74 can be opened and closed.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in this embodiment, the first flexible pipe 2 and the second flexible pipe 4 are corrugated pipes, and the corrugated pipes can be water outlet pipes of washing machines, so that the water outlet pipes of the washing machines can be directly purchased to manufacture the first flexible pipe 2 and the second flexible pipe 4, thereby having the advantages of wide material sources and low cost, and the corrugated pipes can facilitate the clamping rings to be clamped at the wave troughs so as to ensure the connection firmness of the overlapped parts of the flexible pipes and the connecting pipes. The bellows can be compressed and bent, and can well simulate different states of esophagus and duodenum. In the present embodiment, the first flexible pipe 2 and the second flexible pipe 4 are both polyvinyl chloride pipes.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the hollow bag 3 is a rubber hollow bag, a silica gel hollow bag or a soft plastic hollow bag, preferably, the hollow bag 3 is a silica gel hollow bag, the hollow bag 3 can be made of an existing liquefied gas sampling air bag, the liquefied gas sampling air bag can be purchased at any time, the cost is low, and a similar air bag or a mold-opening manufacturing method can be purchased. The hollow bag 3 can be collapsed when stored, and can be kept in a bulging state when simulated training is performed, so that the hollow bag 3 is hollow.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the base 1 is a rubber base, a silicone base, a plastic base, or a wood base. Preferably, the base 1 is a plastic base, and is made of polypropylene (PP). In the present embodiment, the fixing member 6 is fixed to the base 1 by the first bolt 66, and thus when mounting, a through hole for passing a screw of the first bolt 66 may be drilled in the base 1. The base 1 can be purchased directly, and has the advantages of diversity of material selection and low cost.
As shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the cannula 5 is an outer casing of a medical syringe, and is made of polyvinyl chloride material, the plug 51 is a tip of the outer casing of the medical syringe, and the plug 51 can be inserted into the second flexible tube 4, so that the syringe is convenient to purchase, low in cost, and diverse in size selection. Specifically, during the actual simulation operation, an opening into which the plug 51 is inserted may be opened on the curved inner side of the second flexible tube 4, or a slit may be cut on the curved inner side of the second flexible tube 4, into which the plug 51 is inserted, and the angle and position of the slit may be changed.
In a first embodiment of this embodiment, as shown in figures 1 and 2, the first flexible tube 2, the second flexible tube 4, the insertion tube 5 and the hollow balloon 3 are all opaque in order to better conform to the conditions of a simulated esophagus, a simulated duodenum and a simulated stomach. The opaque part is made of opaque plastic, rubber or silica gel. In the second embodiment of the present embodiment, the first flexible tube 2, the second flexible tube 4, the insertion tube 5 and the hollow capsule 3 are transparent members, so that besides the practice performed by the operator, the observer can directly watch the operation condition of the operator for guidance or learning. The transparent part is made of transparent plastic, rubber or silica gel. When first flexible tube 2, second flexible tube 4, intubate 5 and hollow bag 3 are transparent, the operator is in operation process like this, can audio-visually understand the particular case of scope in this training model, and simultaneously, the perspective effect of X line can be simulated to transparent, the use of X line equipment has been omitted this moment, the training cost has been reduced, and make things convenient for the operator to know the position of duodenoscope mirror body and nipple incision sword, with the help of transparent material's visuality, make the scene more approach clinical reality during the study operation, make the operator know the particular operating conditions of self from inside and outside, thereby make the operator familiar with the operation of duodenoscope sooner, effectively improved the operator and carried out ERCP's learning efficiency. Therefore, in the actual ERCP learning process, a learning operator can firstly adopt the first flexible pipe 2, the second flexible pipe 4, the intubation tube 5 and the hollow bag 3 to simulate and learn the training model of the transparent part, after the operation of the duodenoscope is skilled to a certain degree, the learning operator adopts the training model of the opaque parts of the first flexible pipe 2, the second flexible pipe 4, the intubation tube 5 and the hollow bag 3, so that the learning operator simulates the internal condition of a human body to operate and train, the operation proficiency is further improved, and therefore the easy-to-learn mode and the difficult-to-learn mode can effectively improve the learning efficiency of the operator on the ERCP.
In order to simulate a more realistic scenario of the alimentary tract, a layer of color similar to the alimentary tract may be applied inside the first flexible tube 2, the hollow balloon 3, the second flexible tube 4 and the insertion tube 5.
The simple and convenient mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model provided by the embodiment of the application only focuses on the key first step of ERCP technical operation, namely duodenal papilla intubation, so that doctors who have zero-foundation duodenal operation can also practice repeatedly, are familiar with the operation of a endoscope body, and can also cooperate with an assistant to practice the use of a papilla incision knife and guide wire to guide intubation. The duodenal papilla of the embodiment of the application is made of polyvinyl chloride, is low in cost and can be replaced repeatedly. The training model that this application embodiment provided, simple structure can simulate the various basic techniques of duodenal papilla intubate, and convenient to use also can not receive place and X line equipment restriction, trains the operation at any time to make the operator can be skilled master the operating skill, avoid training on one's body at patient. Meanwhile, the operator does not need to contact harmful X rays, and unnecessary damage to the body is reduced.
The training model provided by the application can enable ERCP beginners to master the most basic operating skills of duodenoscopes quickly and skillfully, and solves the problems that EPCP training teachers are insufficient in resource and ERCP talents grow up quickly. Meanwhile, the training model provided by the application is simple, convenient and cheap, the used materials are convenient and easy to obtain, the assembly is quick, all levels of hospitals which intentionally develop the ERCP technology can bear the load, and the method is worthy of popularization.
In this embodiment, a specific size of the training model is as follows: the first flexible tube 2 is a simulated esophagus made of polyvinyl chloride, having a total length of 400mm, an outer diameter of 32mm and an inner diameter of 30 mm. The hollow capsule 3 is a simulated stomach made of silica gel, the outer diameter of the simulated stomach is 100mm, and the length of the stomach cavity is 200 mm. The second flexible tube 4 is a simulated duodenum made of polyvinyl chloride and having a total length of 400mm, an outer diameter of 32mm and an inner diameter of 30 mm. Plug 51 on cannula 5 is for simulating the duodenal bulb nipple, and the simulated duodenal bulb nipple is made by polyvinyl chloride, and cannula 5 total length is 100mm, and plug 51's length is 10mm, and external diameter 5mm, plug 51's through-hole diameter is 4mm, and cannula 5 keeps away from plug 51 partly internal diameter and is 20mm, and the external diameter is 40mm, and length is 90 mm. The simulated duodenal papilla in the embodiment of the application can be made into different specifications and models according to requirements. The connecting piece 7 is made of metal materials, and the aperture of the clamping hole 71 can be adjusted to be 30-35 mm. The fixing piece 6 is made of metal materials, the aperture of the mounting hole 65 can be adjusted, and the adjusting range is 20-40 mm. The base 1 is made of polyvinyl chloride material and has the size of 1000 multiplied by 800 multiplied by 6 mm. In the present embodiment, there are three fixing members 6 for fixing the first flexible pipe 2, which are located at 100mm, 200mm and 300mm of the first flexible pipe 2, respectively. There are five fixtures 6 for fixing the second flexible tube 4, which are located at 50mm, 150mm, 250mm, 300mm and 350mm of the second flexible tube 4, respectively. In this embodiment, the length of the fixing member 6 can be adjusted, or a height increasing pad can be added between the supporting plate 61 and the base 1 to adapt to different installation height requirements, and accordingly, the length of the screw rod of the first bolt 66 can be increased.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A simple mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model, comprising:
the base (1) is used for simulating the human body trunk;
the first flexible pipe (2) is used for simulating an esophagus, and the first flexible pipe (2) is detachably arranged on the base (1);
the hollow bag (3) is detachably arranged on the base (1) and is connected with one end of the first flexible pipe (2) in order to simulate the stomach, and the other end of the first flexible pipe (2) is an insertion end;
the second flexible tube (4) is arranged in a bending mode and used for simulating duodenum, the second flexible tube (4) is detachably arranged on the base (1), and one end of the second flexible tube (4) is connected with the hollow bag (3); and the number of the first and second groups,
intubation tube (5), intubation tube (5) are detachable to be located base (1) go up and detachable peg graft in on second flexible tube (4), be equipped with plug (51) on intubation tube (5), plug (51) insert extremely in second flexible tube (4), plug (51) are the simulation duodenal papilla.
2. The simple mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model of claim 1, wherein the first flexible tube (2), the second flexible tube (4) and the intubation tube (5) are all arranged on the base (1) through a plurality of fixing pieces (6), the hollow capsule (3) is suspended above the base (1), and each fixing piece (6) is detachably connected with the first flexible tube (2), the second flexible tube (4) and the intubation tube (5).
3. The simple mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model of claim 2, wherein the fixing member (6) comprises a supporting plate (61) connected with the base (1), a vertical plate (62) arranged on the supporting plate (61), a first arc-shaped plate (63) arranged on the vertical plate (62), and a second arc-shaped plate (64) detachably arranged on the vertical plate (62), wherein a mounting hole (65) is formed between the first arc-shaped plate (63) and the second arc-shaped plate (64), and the mounting hole (65) is used for clamping the first flexible tube (2), the second flexible tube (4) or the intubation tube (5).
4. The handy mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model according to claim 2, wherein at least two fixing pieces (6) are provided for supporting the first flexible tube (2), and the distance from the fixing piece (6) far from the hollow sac (3) to the end face of the first flexible tube (2) far from the hollow sac (3) is 1-10 mm.
5. The simple mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model of claim 3, wherein the supporting plate (61) and the vertical plate (62) are L-shaped, the supporting plate (61) is arranged on the base (1) through a first bolt (66) or is adhered to the base, and the second arc-shaped plate (64) is detachably arranged on the vertical plate (62) through a second bolt (67).
6. The simple mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model of claim 1, wherein a first connecting tube (31) and a second connecting tube (32) are respectively arranged at two ends of the hollow capsule (3), the first connecting tube (31) and the first flexible tube (2) are sleeved and overlapped to each other through a connecting piece (7), and the second connecting tube (32) and the second flexible tube (4) are sleeved and overlapped to each other through the connecting piece (7).
7. The simple mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model of claim 6, wherein the connecting piece (7) is a hoop or a snap ring.
8. The handy mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first flexible tube (2) and the second flexible tube (4) are both corrugated tubes, and the first flexible tube (2) and the second flexible tube (4) are both polyvinyl chloride tubes.
9. The simple mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the hollow capsule (3) is a rubber hollow capsule, a silica gel hollow capsule or a soft plastic hollow capsule, and the base (1) is a rubber base, a silica gel base, a plastic base or a wooden base.
10. The handy mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first flexible tube (2), the second flexible tube (4), the intubation tube (5) and the hollow sac (3) are all transparent or opaque.
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| CN112735243A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-04-30 | 中南大学湘雅二医院 | Simple and convenient mechanical duodenal papilla intubation training model |
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