CN211170816U - A swirl diffusion type flash furnace concentrate nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a whirl diffusion type flash stove concentrate nozzle, the concentrate comes out the back from the discharge gate, earlier mix with the technology wind contact segment that the technology plenum got off, the whirl wind power disturbance that comes out by the whirl tuber pipe again for the dispersibility of concentrate is better, with technology wind, the more even that whirl wind mixes, and outer, under the technology wind cage cover of higher velocity of flow, make the whirl mixture control that concentrate and technology wind formed in the furnace body central region, thereby reduce the erosion and damage to the reaction tower oven. The whole concentrate nozzle has simple structure but strong strengthThe mass transfer and heat transfer rates in the reaction tower are improved, SO that the productivity of the matte obtained by smelting is improved, and the smoke generation rate and SO in the flue gas are effectively reduced₃The generation rate reduces the difficulty of the subsequent flue gas treatment.

Description

A swirl diffusion type flash furnace concentrate nozzle

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of copper smelting, in particular to a swirl diffusion type flash furnace concentrate nozzle.

Background technique

Flash furnace is a kind of intensified smelting equipment for processing powdery sulfide minerals, which is a utility model of Finland Outokumpu Company. In the flash smelting process of copper, the concentrate nozzle is the core component, which is located at the top of the reaction tower. The copper concentrate, process air and dispersed air are sprayed into the reaction tower through the concentrate nozzle, and the concentrate and the reaction gas are mixed and the combustion reaction occurs. , oxidize to form slag and matte, and release a lot of heat. Therefore, the uniformity of the mixture of concentrate and reaction gas plays a decisive role in the oxidation reaction of concentrate. If the mixture is not well mixed, ignition delay may occur, affecting the mass transfer and heat transfer rate of the entire combustion reaction, and even partial unreacted The material directly falls into the sedimentation tank, forming the phenomenon of "down raw meal", resulting in the deterioration of the furnace condition of the reaction tower, the increase in the content of ferric oxide in the slag, the difficulty in copper and slag discharge, and the increase in the incidence of soot and the SO2 in the soot. ₃ The generation rate increases, and the utilization efficiency of oxygen decreases obviously.

At present, the concentrate nozzles used in flash smelting in my country's smelters are mostly central jet diffusion type concentrate nozzles. , the process air outlet speed is adjusted steadily and steplessly, so that the concentrate in the reaction tower is mixed with the oxygen-enriched air. However, with the continuous increase of the production capacity of the reaction tower and the continuous increase of the smelting intensity, the occurrence rate of abnormal conditions such as lower and lower raw meal, material segregation, furnace body overheating and soot rate increase in production has increased significantly. The existing concentrate nozzle structure has been It can not well meet the needs of full mixing and rapid reaction of gas materials in the furnace under the condition of high feed rate.

Patent CN200880105946.7 discloses a concentrate nozzle. On the basis of the existing concentrate nozzle, it is provided with guide vanes in the air chamber to provide a corresponding rotating air flow field. The concentrate nozzle set in this way has a complicated manufacturing process. And after the setting, when the reaction gas passes through the bird's nest water jacket and reaches the top of the flash furnace, the intensity of the rotating air flow field has been reduced and weakened, which cannot meet the expected requirements. Unexpected phenomenon, poor effect.

Patent CN201410725685.6 discloses a cyclone concentrate nozzle. On the basis of the existing concentrate nozzle, a cyclone bird's nest water jacket capable of forming a rotating wind is fixed on the lower end of the air chamber. A cyclone pipe capable of forming a rotating wind is fixed at the lower end of the outer layer, and the wind direction of the rotating wind generated by the cyclone bird's nest water jacket and the cyclone pipe is the same. The nozzle manufacturing process is complex, and the mixing effect of the gas rotating into the furnace and the concentrate has not been significantly enhanced. When entering the reaction tower, the strength of the rotating air flow field does not meet the expected requirements. The concentrate nozzle still has uneven mixing of materials and no significant effect. .

Patents CN201020284998.X and CN201110208013.4 disclose two methods, both of which are to completely arrange the concentrate on the outer ring of the reaction air swirl, and rely on the swirl expansion to drive the movement of the concentrate particles to form a high-speed rotating mixed vortex. Fluid and complete mass transfer and heat transfer between gas particles. However, due to the large amount of swirling fluid entrained outside, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas after the reaction is returned to the top of the reaction tower, resulting in excessively fast loss of the top of the reaction tower; the swirling flow intensity can be adjusted but difficult to control; the reaction gas diffuses from the inside to the outside. When reaching the outer ring of the material ring, most of the oxygen has been consumed, so that the concentrate particles in the outer ring of the material ring cannot be oxidized.

The patent CN201510078260.5 discloses a spinning flotation smelting method, which sprays powdery sulfide concentrate and oxygen-containing gas into the space of a high-temperature reaction tower through equipment. Before entering the equipment, the oxygen-containing gas is divided into two parts: the second oxygen-containing gas is sprayed into the reaction tower in an annular direct-flow manner to form a bell-shaped air curtain; the first oxygen-containing gas is converted into a rotating jet through the equipment, Shot in the center of the curtain. In the annular space between the two airflows, the concentrate enters in a direction deviated from the center, and is drawn into by the rotating jet and sucks the high-temperature flue gas from the lower part of the reaction tower to form a two-phase rotating jet with mixed gas particles. When the sulfide concentrate is ignited at high temperature, it reacts violently with oxygen and releases flue gas rich in SO ₂ , and forms a mixed melt containing matte (or metal) and slag. (or metal) is separated from the slag to complete the metallurgical process. However, its adaptability to feeding is poor, and the reaction effect is better when the feeding amount is larger, but when the feeding amount is changed, especially when the feeding amount is small, the furnace condition becomes worse, and the phenomenon of unloading raw meal occurs.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a swirl diffusion type flash furnace concentrate nozzle, so as to solve the technical problems such as low mass transfer and heat transfer rate, serious smoke pollution and the like.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a swirl diffusion type flash furnace concentrate nozzle, which includes a vertical and sleeved supporting column, a cyclone air pipe and a feeding pipe from the inside and the outside. A swirl air channel is formed between the swirl air pipes, and a concentrate channel is formed between the swirl air duct and the feed pipe. The lowest end of the blade is lower than the discharge port. A water jacket is set on the outside of the feed pipe. A process air chamber is formed between the feed pipe and the water jacket. The bottom of the process air chamber is provided with a process air outlet. higher than the outlet.

Preferably, the concentrate nozzle is arranged above the reaction tower.

Preferably, the centerlines of the support column, the swirling air pipe and the feed pipe are coincident and vertical, and the diameters or pipe diameters increase sequentially.

Preferably, a conical frustum is installed at the bottom of the support column, and a swirl air outlet is provided at the bottom of the swirl air passage. At the position of the swirl air outlet, the swirl vanes are fixed by threads between the wall of the swirl air duct and the side surface of the frustum. The blades can move up and down or change the angle of inclination through the threaded connection.

Further preferably, the truncated cone and the support column are connected by threads.

Further preferably, the virtual curved surface formed by the outer edge of the swirl vane and the side surface of the truncated cone have a center line that coincides.

Preferably, an adjustment cone that can move up and down is provided on the outer side of the feeding pipe, the middle area of the adjustment cone is a cylindrical surface, and the upper and lower ends are tapered to form a shape similar to a truncated cone. When the adjustment cone moves downward, the distance between its surface and the water jacket in the process air chamber decreases, and the process air flow rate increases. Conversely, when the adjustment cone moves upwards, the process air velocity decreases.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

Using the concentrate nozzle of the utility model, after the concentrate comes out from the discharge port, it is first mixed with the contact part of the process air coming down from the process air chamber, and then strongly disturbed by the swirling air coming out of the swirling air duct, so that the dispersibility of the concentrate is improved. Better, it is more evenly mixed with process air and swirl air, and the outer layer, under the cover of higher process air, makes the swirl mixture formed by concentrate and air controlled in the furnace space, thereby reducing the impact on the furnace wall of the reaction tower. of erosion.

Through the on-site industrial test, under the concentrate feeding rate of 140t/h, the combustion effect of the concentrate in the reaction tower is significantly improved, the mass transfer and heat transfer rates in the tower are improved, and the Fe ₃ O ₄ content in the slag is reduced by 2%. The occurrence rate of soot is reduced to about 3%, the oxygen utilization rate is improved, and the SO ₃ generation rate in the soot is reduced by about 1%, which reduces the difficulty of subsequent soot treatment.

The structure of the entire concentrate nozzle is simple, but the mass transfer and heat transfer rates in the reaction tower are strengthened, and the production capacity of the matte obtained by smelting is increased by 5%.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments of the present invention and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached image:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the swirl vane;

Among them, 1 is the swirl air passage, 2 is the concentrate passage, 3 is the process air chamber, 4 is the water jacket, 5 is the swirl air duct, 6 is the adjustment cone, 7 is the support column, 8 is the feed pipe, 9 It is a reaction tower, 10 is a process air outlet, 11 is a discharge port, 12 is a swirl blade, 13 is a swirl air outlet, and 14 is a truncated cone.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in a variety of different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

As shown in Figures 1 to 2, a swirl diffusion type flash furnace concentrate nozzle includes a vertical and sleeved support column 7, a swirl air pipe 5 and a feed pipe 8 from the inside and the outside to support A swirl air channel 1 is formed between the column 7 and the swirl air duct 5, and a concentrate channel 2 is formed between the swirl air duct 5 and the feed pipe 8. The bottom of the concentrate channel 2 is provided with a discharge port 11, and the swirl air channel The bottom of 1 is provided with a swirl blade 12, the lowest end of the swirl blade 12 is lower than the discharge port 11, a water jacket 4 is set outside the feed pipe 8, and a process air is formed between the feed pipe 8 and the water jacket 4. Chamber 3, process air The bottom of the chamber 3 is provided with a process air outlet 10, and the process air outlet 10 is higher than the material outlet 11.

The concentrate nozzle is arranged above the reaction tower 9 .

The centerlines of the support column 7, the swirling air pipe 5 and the feeding pipe 8 are coincident and vertical, and the diameters or pipe diameters increase in turn.

The bottom of the support column 7 is installed with a truncated cone 14, and the bottom of the swirl air channel 1 is provided with a swirl air outlet 13. At the position of the swirl air outlet 13, the swirl air duct wall and the side of the truncated cone 14 are screwed to fix the swirl blades. 12. The swirl vane 12 can move up and down or change the inclination angle through the screw connection. The truncated cone 14 is connected with the support column 7 through threads. The virtual curved surface formed by the outer edge of the swirl vane 12 and the side surface of the truncated cone 14 have a center line that coincides.

The outer side of the feeding pipe 8 is provided with an adjusting cone 6 that can move up and down. The middle area of the adjusting cone is a cylindrical surface, and the upper and lower ends are tapered to form a truncated cone. When the adjustment cone moves downward, the distance between its surface and the water jacket in the process air chamber decreases, and the process air flow rate increases. Conversely, when the adjustment cone moves upwards, the process air velocity decreases.

The working method of the above-mentioned swirl diffusion type flash furnace concentrate nozzle, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) The concentrate enters the concentrate channel 2 and goes down through the discharge port 11, at the same time, the swirl wind enters the swirl air channel 1 and goes down to the swirl air outlet 13, and the process air enters the process air chamber 3 and goes down to the process air outlet 10;

(2) A part of the concentrate is scattered by the outside of the swirl blade 12 and spreads outward, and the other part of the concentrate is first mixed with the process air contact part from the process air outlet 10, and then strongly disturbed by the swirl wind from the swirl air outlet 13, The concentrate is fully dispersed, mixed evenly with the process air and the swirling air to form a swirling mixture, which is controlled in the reaction tower 9 and reduces the corrosion damage to the furnace wall of the reaction tower 9.

Preferably, in step (2), the swirl blades 12 can be moved upward to reduce the area of the discharge port, forcing the concentrate to be further dispersed by the outer side of the swirl blades 12 and enter the reaction tower 9 to better communicate with the process wind. , swirl wind contact to react.

The angle between the swirl blade and the horizontal direction can be changed to change the swirl wind outlet angle of the swirl wind, so that the swirl intensity changes correspondingly with the feeding amount, which can effectively improve the mixing uniformity of the concentrate and the process air, thereby improving the precision Mine combustion effect; under different feeding amounts, the flow of swirl wind adapts to change.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a whirl diffusion type flash furnace concentrate nozzle which characterized in that, by interior and outside include vertical, the support column of cover setting arrangement, whirl tuber pipe and inlet pipe, form whirl wind channel between support column and the whirl tuber pipe, form the concentrate passageway between whirl tuber pipe and the inlet pipe, the bottom of concentrate passageway is equipped with the discharge gate, the bottom of whirl wind channel is equipped with the whirl blade, the least significant end of whirl blade is less than the discharge gate, the water jacket is established to the outside cover of inlet pipe, form the process wind cavity between inlet pipe and the water jacket, the bottom of process wind cavity is equipped with the technology wind export, technology wind export is higher than the discharge gate.

2. The cyclone diffusion type flash furnace concentrate burner of claim 1, characterized in that the concentrate burner is arranged above the reaction shaft.

3. The concentrate burner of cyclone diffusion flash furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the central lines of the supporting pillar, the cyclone air pipe and the feeding pipe are coincident and vertical, and the diameters or pipe diameters are increased in turn.

4. The concentrate burner of the cyclone diffusion type flash furnace according to claim 1, wherein a cone frustum is installed at the bottom of the supporting column, a cyclone air outlet is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone air channel, cyclone blades are fixed between the tube wall of the cyclone air tube and the side surface of the cone frustum through threads at the position of the cyclone air outlet, and the cyclone blades can move up and down or change the inclination angle through threaded connection.

5. The concentrate burner of the cyclone diffusion flash furnace according to claim 4, wherein the truncated cone is screwed to the support column.

6. The cyclone diffusion type flash furnace concentrate burner of claim 4, characterized in that the virtual curved surface formed by the outer edge of the cyclone blade and the side surface of the cone frustum have a coincident center line.

7. The concentrate burner of cyclone diffusion flash furnace according to claim 1, wherein the outer side of the feeding pipe is provided with an adjusting cone which can move up and down, the middle area of the adjusting cone is a cylindrical surface, and the upper end and the lower end of the adjusting cone are gradually reduced to form a shape similar to a truncated cone.

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