CN211087701U - A diaphragm for meniscus surgical operation practice - Google Patents

Abstract

A diaphragm for the practice of meniscus surgery, comprising two first arc-shaped plates, two second arc-shaped plates, two third arc-shaped plates and a cover plate, the first arc-shaped plate The central angle of the plate is 90°, the central angle of the second arc plate is 45°, the central angle of the third arc plate is 30°, the first arc plate and the second arc The shaped plate is provided with an arc-shaped installation groove, and a plurality of guide seats made of rubber are slidably connected in the installation groove. The separator provided by the utility model for the operation practice of meniscus operation only needs one set of separator structure to meet the needs of various operation exercises, thereby greatly reducing the structural cost and effectively improving the practice efficiency.

Description

A diaphragm for meniscus surgical operation practice

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of teaching and training, in particular to a separator used for meniscus operation practice.

Background technique

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the position of the meniscus in the knee joint; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the top-view structure principle of the meniscus in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the meniscus; It is a meniscus cartilage between the femoral condyle and the tibial plateau. Its lateral edge is thicker and is closely connected with the joint capsule. The medial edge is thinner and is in a free state. The medial meniscus 101 is "C" shaped, and the lateral meniscus 102 Approximately in the shape of an "O", the anterior and posterior ends of the meniscus are attached to the non-articular parts of the middle of the tibial plateau, anterior and posterior to the intercondylar spine. This part is also known as the anterior and posterior horns of the meniscus.

The parameniscal capillary network originates from the medial-inferior and lateral-inferior branches of the geniculate artery, forming peripheral vessels and radially penetrating vessels beside the meniscus. Therefore, referring to FIG. 3 , the meniscus is divided into a “red-red” area, a “red-white” area and a “white-white” area according to the position of the blood vessel area. Because the meniscus itself has poor blood supply and weak repair power, it is difficult to repair itself once it is damaged. If it is not treated in time, it is easy to cause damaging arthritis in the late stage.

Most scholars tend to agree that for qualified cases, no resection should be performed for those that can be sutured, and subtotal or total resection should not be performed for those that can be partially resected. physiological function. If the patient's meniscus injury is relatively fresh, the blood supply of the tear opening is rich, and the patient is young and middle-aged, the first choice is of course meniscal suture.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure and principle of the meniscus peripheral tear; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the meniscus barrel handle tear; Referring to Figures 4 and 5, in medical practice, the peripheral tear of the meniscus is also That is, the injury of the "red-red" area of the meniscus near the junction of the joint capsule has the best effect after suture, and the barrel-handle tear, that is, the internal fragments of the "red-white" area of the meniscus are displaced after suture. more likely to succeed.

Arthroscopic suturing of meniscus injury is a relatively mature surgical method at present. It injects flowing sterile saline into the joint cavity, enters the joint cavity through the working channel with a lens and operating instruments, and directly displays the lens through the monitor. Under the vision, the location and extent of the meniscus injury can be observed, which can be sutured by one of three methods: outside-in suturing, inside-out suturing, or total internal suturing.

Meniscus suture is a delicate operation, which requires high technical requirements for doctors, and skilled suture techniques require doctors to practice for a long time.

The team of the inventor of the present application (that is, the medical and nursing team of the applicant's "Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital" Department of Orthopedics), based on practical experience, combined with existing technologies, for example, a knee arthroscopy exercise model provided by Chinese patent CN202363002U, The knee joint model provided by Chinese patent CN201498135U, or the technologies mentioned in the literature such as the detachable knee joint teaching model provided by CN206601879U, a training device for simulating meniscus surgery in an arthroscopic environment is designed. On the same day, an application for a utility model titled "a training device for simulating meniscus surgery in an arthroscopic environment" was submitted, and Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional exploded structure principle of the training device for simulating meniscus surgery in an arthroscopic environment; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the top surface of the tibia model of FIG. 6 . Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , a training device for simulating meniscus surgery in an arthroscopic environment designed by the inventor’s team includes a base plate 1 , a tibia model 2 and a femur model 3 respectively connected to the base plate 1 . , the top of the tibia model 2 is detachably provided with a meniscus model 4, the bottom plate 1 is detachably provided with an isolation cylinder 5 for blocking the field of view of the tibia model 2, and the meniscus model 4 can be made of silica gel through injection molding The two ends of the meniscus model 4 can be provided with mounting holes 41, and the top of the tibia model 2 can be provided with mounting holes corresponding to the mounting holes 41, so that the rubber nails or rubber Plugs (not shown in the figure) fixedly connect the two sides of the meniscus model 4 with the top of the tibia model 2, and the femur model 3 can be rotated with the bottom plate 1 through a link system 31. Connection, the base plate 1 can be provided with an installation slot 11 around the tibia model 2, the isolation cylinder 5 can be inserted on the slot 11, and the isolation cylinder 5 corresponds to the femur model 3 One side is provided with an assembly opening 51, which can provide an assembly space for the connecting rod system 31, so as to ensure that when the femur model 3 is assembled in any position, the connecting rod system 31 will not affect the isolation cylinder 5 assembly. Several (two are shown in the figure) are provided on the side wall of the isolation cylinder 5 relative to the tibial model 2 for insertion holes 52 for arthroscopic and surgical instruments during the arthroscopic suturing operation. The use process of the training device for simulating meniscus surgery in an arthroscopic environment is as follows: when medical staff need to practice meniscus suture operation, they must first select the meniscus suture site for practice, and assemble the corresponding meniscus model 4 On the top surface of the tibial model 2, then adjust and fix the position of the femoral model 3, so that the femoral model 3 and the tibial model 2 simulate the space position of the knee joint cavity, and then cover the isolation cylinder 5 On the tibia model 2 and fixed with the base plate 1, the medical staff can insert the arthroscope into the isolation cylinder 5 through the insertion hole 52 in front of the isolation cylinder 5 and place it on the meniscus The model 4 is then inserted into the insertion hole 52 to insert a surgical instrument, and the suturing operation is practiced according to the image obtained by the arthroscope and displayed on the display. After the suturing practice is over and the surgical instruments and arthroscope are stored, the isolation cylinder 5 can be removed to directly observe the effect of suturing, thereby facilitating the evaluation of the operation action, adjustment and development of skilled suturing operation feel and skills.

The above-mentioned training device for simulating a meniscus surgical operation in an arthroscopic environment designed by the inventor's team can better simulate a meniscus suture operation environment, and the cost is low.

In the surgical procedure of arthroscopic meniscus suture, three surgical approaches are mainly used clinically, including: anterolateral approach, anteromedial approach, and lateral-superior approach. In the training device for meniscus surgery in the arthroscopic environment, the approach of the surgical instrument is simulated through the insertion hole 52 on the fixed isolation cylinder 5, that is, different suture methods are required on each isolation cylinder 5. The insertion hole 52 is set through the surgical approach, therefore, the isolation cylinder 5 needs to be replaced when performing different suturing operations. In this way, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of the isolation cylinders 5 to meet the needs of different operators when they practice different stitching methods.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the present utility model is to provide a partition plate for meniscus operation practice, so as to reduce or avoid the aforementioned problems.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model proposes a partition plate for meniscus surgical operation practice, which is used for detachable assembly on a ring groove on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is arranged in the ring groove There is a tibia model, and the top surface of the tibia model is provided with a meniscus model, which includes two first arc-shaped plates, two second arc-shaped plates, two third arc-shaped plates and a cover plate. The central angle of the arc-shaped plate is 90°, the central angle of the second arc-shaped plate is 45°, the central angle of the third arc-shaped plate is 30°, the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate are 30°. The arc-shaped plate is provided with an arc-shaped installation groove, and a plurality of guide seats made of rubber are slidably connected in the installation groove.

Preferably, the guide seat includes two flared portions connected by a straight pipe portion.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the straight pipe portion is 5mm-10mm.

Preferably, the cross-sectional width of the installation groove is 13 mm, and the outer diameter of the straight pipe portion is 14 mm.

Preferably, the cover plate is provided with a U-shaped buckle for engaging with the side wall of the first arc-shaped plate or the second arc-shaped plate.

Preferably, the height of the lowest point of the installation groove on the first arc plate is 2 cm lower than the height of the lowest point of the meniscus model, and the height of the highest point is the same as the height of the highest point of the meniscus model. same.

Preferably, the height of the lowest point of the installation groove of the second arc-shaped plate is the same as the height of the highest point of the meniscus model, and the height of the highest point is 2cm higher than the height of the lowest point of the meniscus model. .

The baffle plate provided by the present invention for the practice of meniscus surgical operation, compared with the present invention, is used to solve the problem of the title of “A kind of artificial arthroscopic environment for meniscus surgical operation” submitted by the team of the inventor on the same day of the present application. According to the technical solution in the utility model application of "practice device", only one set of partition structure is needed to meet the needs of various operation exercises, thereby greatly reducing the structural cost and effectively improving the practice efficiency.

Description of drawings

The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention schematically, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. in,

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the position of the meniscus in the knee joint;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top-view structural principle diagram of the meniscus of FIG. 1;

3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure principle of the meniscus;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the meniscus peripheral tear;

5 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the meniscus barrel handle tear;

6 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a partial three-dimensional exploded structure of an exercise device for simulating meniscus surgery in an arthroscopic environment applied on the same day;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the top surface of the tibia model of FIG. 6 .

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional exploded structure principle of a diaphragm used for meniscus surgical operation practice according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic top-view structural principle diagram of the spliced state of the first arc-shaped plate, the second arc-shaped plate and the third arc-shaped plate of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural principle diagram of the first arc-shaped plate of FIG. 8 being unfolded into a plane state;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural principle diagram of the second arc-shaped plate of FIG. 8 being unfolded into a plane state;

FIG. 12 is a schematic partial cross-sectional structural principle diagram of the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate of FIG. 8 when they are connected to the guide seat.

Detailed ways

In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein, the same parts use the same reference numerals.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional exploded structure principle of a diaphragm used for meniscus surgical operation practice according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a first arc-shaped plate and a second arc-shaped plate in FIG. 8 . Schematic diagram of the top-view structure principle in the state of being spliced with the third arc-shaped plate; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the first arc-shaped plate of FIG. 8 being unfolded into a planar state; FIG. Schematic diagram of the structure principle; FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure principle when the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate of FIG. 8 are connected to the guide seat. Referring to Figures 8-12, the present invention provides a diaphragm 6 for meniscus surgical operation practice, which is used to be detachably assembled on a ring groove 11' on the bottom plate 1, the bottom plate 1. A tibial model 2 (not shown in FIG. 8, see FIG. 6) is provided in the annular groove 11', and a meniscus model 4 is provided on the top surface of the tibial model 2, which includes two first arcs plate 61 , two second arc-shaped plates 62 , two third arc-shaped plates 63 and a cover plate 64 , the central angle of the first arc-shaped plate 61 is 90°, and the The central angle is 45°, the central angle of the third arc-shaped plate 63 is 30°, the first arc-shaped plate 61 and the second arc-shaped plate 62 are provided with arc-shaped installation grooves 611 (621), A plurality of guide seats 65 made of rubber are slidably connected in the installation groove 611 (621).

As described in the background art, the present invention is used to solve the problem in the utility model application titled "A training device for simulating meniscus surgery in an arthroscopic environment" submitted by the inventor's team on the same day of the present application. When stitching is practiced, the isolation cylinder 5 needs to be replaced.

The conventional positions of the three surgical approaches commonly used in clinical practice are:

Anterolateral approach: located 1cm above the lateral joint line, 1cm at the edge of the patellar tendon, and the entrance is 1cm below the patella;

The anteromedial approach: located 1cm from the medial joint line, 1cm below the inferior pole of the patella, and 1cm medial to the medial border of the patellar tendon;

Lateral-superior approach: located on the lateral side of the quadriceps tendon, about 2.5cm above the lateral superior corner of the patella;

Of course, depending on the specific suture site, instruments used, and operating habits, other approaches can also be set. But the general approach setting principle, the approach of the suturing device is usually near the meniscus.

Referring to FIG. 8 , FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , in the present application, by arranging arc-shaped mounting grooves 611 ( 621 ) on the first arc-shaped plate 61 and the second arc-shaped plate 62 , it is possible to use The guide seat 65 made of rubber for the simulated approach can be near the position of the top surface of the tibial model 2 of the bottom plate 1, that is, the approach of the simulated suturing instrument can be approximated by adjusting the position of the guide seat 65. Actual surgical approach, near meniscus model 4.

The installation grooves 611 ( 621 ) are provided with openings on one side of the first arc-shaped plate 61 and the second arc-shaped plate 62 , which facilitates assembly and replacement of different guide seats 65 .

Referring to FIG. 12 , the guide seat 65 may include two flared portions 652 connected by a straight tube portion 651 , and the inner diameter of the straight tube portion 651 may be 5mm-10mm, which effectively simulates arthroscopic surgery. In particular, a plurality of the guide seats 65 whose inner diameters of the straight pipe portions 651 are respectively set to 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm and 10mm can be provided. These guide seats 65 All of them can be assembled in the installation groove 611 (621), and during the simulated operation, the corresponding guide seat 65 can be adjusted to a specific position according to the needs of the instrument used.

The cross-sectional width of the installation groove 611 ( 621 ) can be set to 13 mm, and the outer diameter of the straight pipe portion 651 can be set to 14 mm, so as to avoid random shaking of the guide seat 65 when not in use. The guide seat 65 is made of rubber. Therefore, for the guide seat 65 in use, the inserted instrument and the side wall of the installation groove 611 ( 621 ) can press the straight pipe portion 651 Therefore, during use, the position of the guide seat 65 can also be guaranteed to be stable.

Since the installation slot 611 on the first arc-shaped plate 61 is mainly used to simulate the anterolateral approach and the anterior medial approach, the lowest point of the installation slot 611 on the first arc-shaped plate 61 is can be set to be 2cm lower than the height of the lowest point of the meniscus model 4 , and the height of the highest point can be set to be the same as the height of the highest point of the meniscus model 4 . Similarly, since the installation groove 621 of the second arc-shaped plate 62 is mainly used to simulate the external upper approach, the height of the lowest point of the installation groove 621 of the second arc-shaped plate 62 can be set In order to be the same as the height of the highest point of the meniscus model 4 , the height of the highest point may be set to be 2 cm higher than the height of the lowest point of the meniscus model 4 . In this way, even if the tibial model 2 is hingedly connected with the bottom 1, the position of the tibial model 2 can be adjusted. After the tibial model 2 is adjusted in place, the first arc-shaped plate 61 and the The position of the second arc-shaped plate 62 is used to obtain the corresponding position of the guide seat 65 .

8 and 9 , the first arc-shaped plate 61 , the second arc-shaped plate 62 and the third arc-shaped plate 63 can be spliced in the annular groove 11 ′. A field of vision is blocked for the position of the meniscus model 4. On the other hand, the positions of the first arc-shaped plate 61 and the second arc-shaped plate 62 can be flexibly adjusted in the annular groove 11', thereby The position of the guide seat 65 corresponding to the simulated surgical instrument approach is obtained.

The cover plate 64 is used to block the field of view above the tibia model 2, and will not be stressed during the exercise. Therefore, the cover plate 64 can be provided with a U-shaped buckle (not shown in the figure), It only needs to be able to be clamped with the side wall of the first arc-shaped plate 61 or the second arc-shaped plate 62 . This greatly simplifies manufacturing costs.

When the first arc-shaped plate 61 , the second arc-shaped plate 62 and the third arc-shaped plate 63 are all spliced on the annular groove 11 ′, the space between the two third arc-shaped plates 63 There is also an assembly space for the connecting rod system 31. Those skilled in the art should understand that when the positions of the first arc-shaped plate 61 and the second arc-shaped plate 62 on the ring groove 11' are adjusted to a greater extent At the time, only one third arc-shaped plate 63 can be assembled on the annular groove 11 ′, as long as it can meet the blocking of the field of view.

The baffle plate provided by the present invention for the practice of meniscus surgical operation, compared with the present invention, is used to solve the problem of the title of “A kind of artificial arthroscopic environment for meniscus surgical operation” submitted by the team of the inventor on the same day of the present application. According to the technical solution in the utility model application of "practice device", only one set of partition structure is needed to meet the needs of various operation exercises, thereby greatly reducing the structural cost and effectively improving the practice efficiency.

Those skilled in the art should understand that although the present invention is described in terms of multiple embodiments, not every embodiment only includes an independent technical solution. This description in the description is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should understand the description as a whole, and regard the technical solutions involved in each embodiment as being able to be combined into different embodiments to understand the present utility. A new range of protection.

The above descriptions are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes, modifications and combinations made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A separator for meniscus surgical operation practice, characterized in that, it is used to be detachably assembled on a ring groove on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is provided with a tibia model in the ring groove, so that the The top surface of the tibia model is provided with a meniscus model, which includes two first arc-shaped plates, two second arc-shaped plates, two third arc-shaped plates and a cover plate. The center of the first arc-shaped plate The angle is 90°, the central angle of the second arc-shaped plate is 45°, the central angle of the third arc-shaped plate is 30°, and the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate are provided with An arc-shaped installation groove is slidably connected with a plurality of guide seats made of rubber. 2 . The diaphragm for meniscus operation practice according to claim 1 , wherein the guide seat comprises two flared parts connected by a straight pipe part. 3 . 3 . The diaphragm for meniscus operation practice according to claim 2 , wherein the inner diameter of the straight tube portion is 5mm-10mm. 4 . 4 . The diaphragm for meniscus surgical operation practice according to claim 3 , wherein the cross-sectional width of the installation groove is 13 mm, and the outer diameter of the straight tube portion is 14 mm. 5 . 5 . The baffle plate for meniscus surgical operation practice according to claim 1 , wherein the cover plate is provided with a side wall for connecting with the first arc-shaped plate or the second arc-shaped plate. 6 . Snap-on U-shaped buckle. 6 . The diaphragm for meniscus surgical operation practice according to claim 1 , wherein the height of the lowest point of the installation groove on the first arc-shaped plate is lower than that of the meniscus model. 7 . The height of the point is 2 cm lower and the height of the highest point is the same as the height of the highest point of the meniscus model. 7 . The diaphragm for meniscus surgical operation practice according to claim 6 , wherein the height of the lowest point of the installation groove of the second arc-shaped plate is the same as the highest point of the meniscus model. 8 . are the same height, the height of the highest point is 2cm higher than the height of the lowest point of the meniscus model.

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