CN210977384U - A variable diameter plugging shunt - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a variable diameter blocking flow divider. The plugging shunt includes a shunt shorting, a sliding plugging shorting and a sliding pressure shorting; when the spline sleeve is located at the upper fulcrum relative to the spline shaft, the bosses of the sliding plugging and shorting are inserted into the shunt shorting groove. In the groove A, the large annulus is divided into the upper large annulus and the lower large annulus, and the drilling medium returned from the lower large annulus enters the double-wall drilling tool through the lateral passage B, the lateral passage A, and the main passage B in turn. Outlet channel; when the spline sleeve is located at the lower fulcrum relative to the spline shaft, the upper large annulus and the lower large annulus are communicated through groove A and groove B respectively. The variable-diameter plugger has the following advantages: (1) The upper large annulus is blocked to realize forward and reverse alternate gas reverse circulation drilling. There is a risk of sticking at the diverter, and it provides an opportunity to solve complex problems with positive circulation.

Description

A variable diameter plugging shunt

technical field

The invention relates to a plugging flow divider, in particular to a variable diameter downhole plugging flow divider for reverse circulation drilling.

Background technique

During drilling, the method in which the circulating medium carries cuttings or cores from the bottom of the well and returns to the surface from the center of the drill pipe is called reverse circulation center sampling drilling. Usually single-layer, double-layer or triple-layer drill pipe is used, but double-wall drill pipe is the most common. The circulating medium is pressed in by the annulus between the double pipes, and the cuttings (cores) are carried back up from the center of the inner pipe, so this method is called double pipe reverse circulation or double wall drill pipe reverse circulation drilling. With the continuous innovation of reverse circulation drilling theory and drilling technology, reverse circulation drilling technology is more and more widely used in the fields of mineral exploration, water well drilling and oil drilling. The forward and reverse gas reverse circulation drilling technology is a form of reverse circulation drilling. Compared with oil drilling rigs, its newly added equipment mainly includes gas boxes, double-wall drill pipes and downhole plugging diverters; the structure of drilling tools is generally a tap + gas Box + double-wall drilling tool + downhole plugging diverter + conventional drilling tool + drill bit; during the drilling process, the compressed air enters the annular gap of the double-wall drill pipe through the air box, and reaches the conventional drilling tool along the annular gap. The gas returned by the drilling tool carries cuttings through the large annulus between the drilling tool and the wellbore to the downhole plug, and returns to the surface from the inner pipe of the double-wall drilling tool. During the use of conventional downhole plugging shunts, the large falling blocks from the upper part cannot fall to the lower part of the plugging shunt, resulting in the risk of sticking. Moreover, conventional plugging devices are generally full-hole plugging devices, and when reverse circulation is used to deal with complex problems such as stuck drilling When there is difficulty and the circulation needs to be normalized, the drilling fluid cannot enter the upper annulus through the occluder, resulting in complicated treatment failure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a variable-diameter downhole plugging diverter for reverse circulation drilling, reduce the risk of sticking at the plugging diverter, and provide a fluid circulation method for dealing with complex problems from reverse circulation to positive circulation.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following design scheme:

A variable-diameter plugging shunt includes a shunt short-circuit, a sliding plugging short-circuit, and a sliding pressure-applying short-circuit; the upper and lower parts of the variable-diameter plugging shunt are respectively connected with a double-wall drilling tool and a conventional drilling tool. The tool includes an inner pipe and an outer pipe, the drilling medium return channel is formed inside the inner pipe, and the drilling medium injection channel is formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe; the shunt short connection is an axial short connection, and the main channel A and The main channel B is radially machined with a side channel A; the sliding pressure short connection includes a spline shaft and a spline sleeve; the spline shaft is a shaft-shaped short connection, with a through hole A machined inside and an axial machined outer edge with a External spline; the spline sleeve is a cylindrical short connection, and the inner spline is axially processed; the upper part of the split short connection is connected to the double-wall drilling tool, and the lower part is connected to the upper end of the spline shaft. The spline shaft and the spline sleeve pass through the inner and outer parts. Spline connection, the spline sleeve is connected with the lower conventional drilling tool; the spline sleeve slides up and down relative to the spline shaft, the highest point of the spline sleeve moving upward relative to the spline shaft is the upper fulcrum, and the lowest point of the downward movement is The lower fulcrum; when the spline sleeve is located at the upper fulcrum relative to the spline shaft, the double-wall drilling tool applies torque and drilling pressure to the lower conventional drilling tool through the shunt short, the spline shaft and the spline sleeve in turn; the spline sleeve is relative to the spline shaft. When the key shaft is located at the lower fulcrum, the double-wall drilling tool applies torque and pulling force to the lower conventional drilling tool through the shunt short, spline shaft and spline sleeve in turn; the main channel A of the shunt short is a through hole, which passes through the double-wall drilling tool The drilling medium injected into the channel enters the lower spline shaft through hole A and the inner hole of the conventional drilling tool in turn through the main channel A; the main channel B is a blind hole machined axially from top to bottom inside the split shorting, which is respectively connected with the double-wall drill. There is a return channel and a side channel A communicated; the outer edge surface of the shunt shorting is a stepped cylindrical surface, which are the first cylindrical surface and the second cylindrical surface respectively, the diameter of the second cylindrical surface is larger than the diameter of the first cylindrical surface, and the second cylindrical surface Located at the upper end of the first cylindrical surface, the lateral channel A is connected to the first cylindrical surface; the second cylindrical surface is axially machined with a groove A penetrating the second cylindrical surface; the sliding plugging short connection is a cylindrical short connection, which is processed radially There is a side channel B; the lower end of the sliding plugging short connection is connected with the spline sleeve, the inner cylindrical surface of the sliding plugging short connection is sleeved outside the first cylindrical surface of the shunt shorting connection, and the two are clearance fit; the sliding plugging short connection The upper end is machined with upward and outward bosses; the number of bosses for sliding plugging and shorting is equal to the number of shunt shorting grooves A, and axial grooves B are formed between bosses; sliding plugging shorting is connected to the cylindrical surface of the outer edge The diameter is smaller than the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short connection, and the outer diameter of the boss of the sliding plugging short connection is equal to the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short connection; The plugging short connection moves up and down with the spline sleeve. When the spline sleeve is located at the upper fulcrum relative to the spline shaft, the bosses of the sliding plugging short connection are inserted into the shunt short connection groove A, which separates the large annular space into the upper large annular space. The annulus and the lower large annulus, the drilling medium returned from the lower large annulus enters the double-wall drilling tool return channel through the lateral channel B, the lateral channel A, and the main channel B in turn; the spline sleeve is located at the When the fulcrum is lower, the bosses that slide and block the short-circuit are not inserted into the shunt short-circuit groove A, and the upper large annulus and the lower large annulus are communicated through the groove A and the groove B respectively.

The cross-section of the second cylindrical surface groove A of the shunt short-circuit is preferably a trapezoid, the angle between the two waistlines of the trapezoid is 10 degrees, and the intersection of the two waistlines is located outside the shunt and short-circuit second cylindrical surface; The upper bottom line and the lower bottom line of the trapezoidal groove A are arc lines. The cross section of the boss of the sliding plugging short connection is preferably a trapezoid, the included angle of the two waistlines of the trapezoid is 10 degrees, and the intersection of the two waistlines is located outside the sliding plugging short connection. The outer diameter of the sliding plugging shorting boss and the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt shorting are preferably 1 mm to 4 mm smaller than the diameter of the wellbore.

The advantages of the invention are as follows: (1) the upper large annulus is blocked to realize forward and reverse alternate gas reverse circulation drilling; (2) in the case of non-drilling, the upper and lower large annulus of the plugger are in a connected state, which can not only reduce the level of the plugged diverter The risk of sticking and provides the conditions for solving complex problems with positive cycles.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the closed state of a variable diameter blocking flow diverter according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an open state of a variable diameter plugging flow diverter according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the shunt short circuit in a variable diameter plugging shunt of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the shunt short circuit in a variable diameter plugging shunt according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a sliding plugging short connection in a variable diameter plugging shunt of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a sliding plugging short circuit in a variable diameter plugging shunt of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a closed state of a variable diameter blocking flow diverter according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an open state of a variable diameter blocking flow diverter according to the present invention.

In the figure: 10. Double wall drilling tool, 11. Inner pipe, 12. Outer pipe, 13. Return channel, 14. Injection channel, 20. Shunt short connection, 21. Shunt short circuit body, 22. Groove A, 23. Main channel A, 24. Main channel B, 25. Side channel A, 30. Sliding blocking short connection, 31. Sliding blocking short circuit body, 32. Lateral channel B, 33. Boss, 34. Groove B, 40. Sliding pressure short connection, 41. Spline shaft, 42. Spline sleeve, 43. Through hole A.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 to accompanying drawing 8, the present invention is further described:

Referring to FIG. 1, a variable diameter plugging shunt, the upper part and the lower part of which are respectively connected with a double-wall drilling tool 10 and a conventional drilling tool (not shown in the figure), and the double-wall drilling tool 10 includes an inner pipe 11 and an outer pipe 12. A drilling medium return channel 13 is formed inside the inner pipe 12, and a drilling medium injection channel 14 is formed between the inner pipe 11 and the outer pipe 12.

The variable diameter plugging shunt includes a shunt short circuit 20, a sliding plugging short circuit 30 and a sliding pressure short circuit 40; the shunt short circuit 20 is a shaft-shaped short circuit, and the main channel A23 and the main channel B24 are axially processed inside. , a lateral channel A25 is machined radially; the sliding pressure short connection 40 includes a spline shaft 41 and a spline sleeve 42; the spline shaft 41 is a shaft-shaped short connection, with a through hole A43 machined inside, and the outer edge is axially machined There are external splines; the spline sleeve 42 is a cylindrical short connection, and the inner spline is axially processed; the upper part of the shunt short connection 20 is connected to the double-wall drilling tool 10, and the lower part is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spline shaft 41. The spline shaft 41 and the spline sleeve 42 are connected by internal and external splines, and the spline sleeve 42 is connected with the lower conventional drilling tool; The point is the upper fulcrum, and the lowest point of the downward movement is the lower fulcrum; when the spline sleeve 42 is located at the upper fulcrum relative to the spline shaft 41, the double-wall drilling tool 10 is connected to 20, the spline shaft 41 and the spline sleeve through the shunt in turn. 42 applies torque and drilling pressure to the lower conventional drilling tool; when the spline sleeve 42 is located at the lower fulcrum relative to the spline shaft 41, the double-wall drilling tool 10 passes through the shunt short-circuit 20, the spline shaft 41 and the spline sleeve 42 in turn to the lower part. Conventional drilling tools apply torque and pull.

1 to 3, the main channel A23 of the shunt short-circuit 20 is an axial through hole, and the drilling medium injected into the channel 14 through the double-wall drilling tool enters the through hole A43 of the lower spline shaft 41 and the conventional drilling tool sequentially through the main channel A23. Internal channel; the main channel B24 is a blind hole processed axially from top to bottom inside the shunt short-circuit 20, and communicates with the double-wall drilling tool return channel 13 and the side channel A25 respectively; the outer edge surface of the shunt short-circuit 20 is a step The cylindrical surfaces are the first cylindrical surface and the second cylindrical surface respectively, the diameter of the second cylindrical surface is larger than the diameter of the first cylindrical surface, the second cylindrical surface is located at the upper end of the first cylindrical surface, and the lateral passage A25 is connected with the first cylindrical surface; The two cylindrical surfaces are axially machined with a groove A22 penetrating the second cylindrical surface.

Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the sliding plugging short connection 30 is a cylindrical short connection with a radially processed side channel B32; the lower end of the sliding plugging short connection 30 is fixedly connected with the spline sleeve 42, and the sliding plugging The inner cylindrical surface of the short-circuit 30 is sleeved on the outside of the first cylindrical surface of the shunt short-circuit 20, and the two are in clearance fit; the upper end of the sliding-blocking short-circuit 30 is processed with upward and outward bosses 33; The number of platforms 33 is equal to the number of shunt shorting grooves A22, and an axial groove B34 is formed between the bosses; the diameter of the outer cylindrical surface of the body of the sliding plugging shorting 30 is smaller than the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunting shorting 20, and the sliding plugging The outer diameter of the boss 33 of the short-circuit 30 is equal to the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short-circuit 20 .

A large annulus is formed between the double-wall drilling tools and the conventional drilling tools and the wellbore, and the sliding plugging short connection 30 moves up and down with the spline sleeve. Referring to Figures 1 and 7, when the spline sleeve 42 is located at the upper fulcrum relative to the spline shaft 41, the bosses 33 of the sliding blocking short-circuit 30 are inserted into the shunt short-circuit groove A22, and the large annulus is divided into The upper large annulus, the lower large annulus, and the drilling medium returned from the lower large annulus enter the double-wall drilling tool return channel 13 through the lateral channel B32, the lateral channel A25, and the main channel B24 in turn. Referring to Figures 2 and 8, when the spline sleeve 42 is located at the lower fulcrum relative to the spline shaft 41, the bosses 33 of the sliding blocking short-circuit 30 are not inserted into the shunt short-circuit groove A22, and the upper large annulus and The lower large annulus is communicated through groove A22 and groove B34, respectively.

4, the cross section of the second cylindrical surface groove A22 of the shunt shorting 20 is a trapezoid, the angle α between the two waistlines of the trapezoid is 10 degrees, and the intersection of the two waistlines is located outside the second cylindrical surface of the shunt shorting 20. . The upper bottom line and the lower bottom line of the shunt short-circuit 20 trapezoidal groove A22 are arc lines. The cross section of the boss 33 of the sliding plugging short connection 30 is a trapezoid, the included angle β of the two waistlines of the trapezoid is 10 degrees, and the intersection of the two waistlines is located outside the sliding plugging short connection 30 . The outer diameter of the sliding plugging short connection boss 33 and the shunt short connection 20 are 1 mm to 4 mm smaller than the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the wellbore.

Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 7, when the spline sleeve 42 is located at the upper fulcrum relative to the spline shaft 41, the variable diameter occluder is in a closed state and divides the large annulus into an upper large annulus and a lower large annulus, The drilling medium returned from the lower large annulus enters the double-wall drilling tool return channel 13 through the lateral channel B32, the lateral channel A25 and the main channel B24 in sequence. Referring to Figures 2 and 8, when the spline sleeve 42 is located at the lower fulcrum relative to the spline shaft 41, the variable diameter occluder is in an open state, and the upper large annulus and the lower large annulus pass through the groove A22 and the groove respectively. The groove B3 is connected, the falling blocks of the upper large annulus can fall to the lower large annulus, and when the reverse circulation is turned to the normal circulation, the drilling medium can enter the upper large annulus through the lower large annulus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. A variable-diameter plugging shunt, the upper part and the lower part of which are respectively connected with a double-wall drilling tool (10) and a conventional drilling tool, and the double-wall drilling tool (10) comprises an inner pipe (11) and an outer pipe (12), A drilling medium return channel (13) is formed inside the inner tube (11), and a drilling medium injection channel (14) is formed between the inner tube and the outer tube, and is characterized in that: the variable-diameter plugging flow divider is short-circuited by a flow divider ( 20), the sliding plugging short-circuit (30) and the sliding pressure-applying short-circuit (40) are connected in sequence; The shunt shorting connection (20) is a shaft-shaped shorting connection, the main channel A (23) and the main channel B (24) are axially machined inside, and the side channel A (25) is radially machined; the sliding pressure shorting connection ( 40) Including a spline shaft (41) and a spline sleeve (42); the spline shaft (41) is a shaft-shaped short connection, a through hole A (43) is machined inside, and an outer spline is axially machined on the outer edge; The spline sleeve (42) is a cylindrical short connection with an inner spline axially processed inside; the upper part of the shunt short connection (20) is connected to the double-wall drilling tool (10), and the lower part is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spline shaft (41), The spline shaft (41) and the spline sleeve (42) are connected by internal and external splines, and the spline sleeve (42) is connected with the lower conventional drilling tool; The highest point of the upward movement of the key sleeve (42) relative to the spline shaft (41) is the upper fulcrum, and the lowest point of the downward movement is the lower fulcrum; when the spline sleeve (42) is located at the upper fulcrum relative to the spline shaft (41) , the double-wall drilling tool (10) applies torque and drilling pressure to the lower conventional drilling tool through the shunt short (20), the spline shaft (41) and the spline sleeve (42) in turn; the spline sleeve (42) is relatively When the key shaft (41) is located at the lower fulcrum, the double-wall drilling tool (10) applies torque and tensile force to the lower conventional drilling tool through the shunt shorting (20), the spline shaft (41) and the spline sleeve (42) in sequence; The main channel A (23) of the shunt short (20) is an axial through hole, and the drilling medium injected into the channel (14) through the double-wall drilling tool enters the through hole of the lower spline shaft (41) through the main channel A (23) in turn. A (43) and the internal channel of the conventional drilling tool; the main channel B (24) is a blind hole machined axially from top to bottom inside the shunt shorting (20), which is respectively connected with the double-wall drilling tool return channel (13) and The lateral channel A (25) is communicated; the outer edge surface of the shunt short connection (20) is a stepped cylindrical surface, which are respectively a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface, the diameter of the second cylindrical surface is larger than that of the first cylindrical surface, and the second cylindrical surface is larger than the diameter of the first cylindrical surface. The surface is located at the upper end of the first cylindrical surface, and the lateral channel A (25) communicates with the first cylindrical surface; the second cylindrical surface is axially machined with a groove A (22) penetrating the second cylindrical surface; The sliding plugging short connection (30) is a cylindrical short connection, and a side channel B (32) is radially processed; the lower end of the sliding plugging short connection (30) is fixedly connected with the spline sleeve (42), and the sliding plugging The inner cylindrical surface of the short connection (30) is sleeved on the outside of the first cylindrical surface of the shunt short connection (20), and the two are in clearance fit; the upper end of the sliding plugging short connection (30) is processed with upward and outward bosses (33); The number of bosses (33) of the sliding plugging short connection (30) is equal to the number of the shunt shorting grooves A (22), and an axial groove B (34) is formed between the bosses; the sliding plugging short circuit (30) The diameter of the outer cylindrical surface of the main body is smaller than the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt shorting connection (20), and the outer diameter of the boss (33) of the sliding blocking shorting connection (30) is equal to the diameter of the second cylindrical surface of the shunt shorting connection (20); A large annulus is formed between the double-wall drilling tools and the conventional drilling tools and the wellbore, the sliding plugging short (30) moves up and down with the spline sleeve, and the spline sleeve (42) is located at the upper fulcrum relative to the spline shaft (41) At the same time, the bosses (33) of the sliding blocking short-circuit (30) are inserted into the shunt short-circuit groove A (22), and the large annulus is divided into an upper large annulus and a lower large annulus, and the lower large annulus returns to The out drilling medium enters the double-wall drilling tool return channel (13) through the lateral channel B (32), the lateral channel A (25) and the main channel B (24) in sequence; the spline sleeve (42) is opposite to the spline When the shaft (41) is located at the lower fulcrum, none of the bosses (33) of the sliding blocking short-circuit (30) is inserted into the shunt short-circuit groove A (22), and the upper large annulus and the lower large annulus pass through the grooves respectively. A (22) communicates with groove B (34). 2. A variable diameter plugging shunt according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross-section of the second cylindrical groove A (22) of the shunt short-circuit (20) is a trapezoid, and two trapezoidal The included angle of the waistlines is 10 degrees, and the intersection of the two waistlines is located outside the second cylindrical surface of the shunt short connection (20). 3 . The variable-diameter plugging shunt according to claim 2 , wherein the upper bottom line and the lower bottom line of the trapezoidal groove A of the shunt shorting ( 20 ) are arc lines. 4 . 4. A variable diameter plugging shunt according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cross section of the boss (33) of the sliding plugging short connection (30) is a trapezoid, and the two waistlines of the trapezoid are in the shape of a trapezoid. The included angle is 10 degrees and the intersection of the two waistlines is located outside the sliding plugging short (30). 5. A variable diameter plugging shunt according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the outer diameter of the sliding plugging shorting boss (33) and the shunt shorting (20) are the second The diameter of the cylindrical surface is 1mm to 4mm smaller than the diameter of the wellbore.

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