CN210136148U - Simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an oral material abrasion testing machine, in particular to a simulating chewing type composite resin material abrasion testing machine. The simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine is composed of a motion device, a counter-grinding pair and a frame. The motion device and the counter-grinding pair are connected to the frame; the motion device is connected with a specimen clamp for fixing the specimen; the specimen The clamp can repeatedly lift and rotate relative to the frame, and can move toward or away from the counter-grinding pair; the counter-grinding pair can rotate relative to the frame; the side of the counter-grinding pair close to the specimen holder is provided with a food-simulating device. abrasive. The characteristics of the simulated chewing type composite resin material abrasion testing machine provided by the utility model are: the occlusal contact and mutual friction process between the test piece and the counter-wear piece are carried out intermittently respectively, and at the same time, low-hardness "soft abrasive" and elastic For the wear coupler, the technical problems of uneven wear of the test piece in the prior art and the inconsistency of the surface wear pattern with the actual clinical situation are solved.

Description

Simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a simulating chewing type composite resin material abrasion tester.

Background technique

In oral clinical treatment, the most widely used filling material for dental caries is composite resin filling material. Abrasion loss due to chewing food is one of the main failure modes of composite resin filling materials in the oral cavity. However, since there is almost no linear correlation between the basic mechanical and physical properties of composite resin materials and wear resistance, in vitro wear experiments have become an indispensable means to evaluate the performance of dental fillings.

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing chewing simulation wear tester (application number: 201720221322), which includes an upper jaw simulation mechanism 1', a lower jaw simulation mechanism 2' and a saliva groove 3'. The mechanism 2' is located in the saliva tank 3', the upper jaw simulation mechanism 1' is located above the lower jaw simulation mechanism 2', and the upper jaw simulation mechanism 1' and the lower jaw simulation mechanism 2' are arranged opposite, and the upper jaw simulation mechanism 1' can rotate along its own axis. , the mandibular simulation mechanism 2' can reciprocate up and down. When in use, the specimen (composite resin filling material) is placed on the upper jaw simulation mechanism 1' and the lower jaw simulation mechanism 2' respectively, and repeated occlusion with the upper jaw simulation mechanism 1' is realized during the reciprocating lifting and lowering of the lower jaw simulation mechanism 2'. The maxillary simulation mechanism 1' rotates to simulate the horizontal grinding of the teeth during chewing; wherein, the saliva tank 3' is used for containing saliva to prevent dry friction between the test pieces.

However, the test piece can only be rubbed repeatedly in the same direction. When the upper jaw simulation mechanism 1' rotates, the friction distance and friction line speed of each point along the radial direction of the upper and lower groups of test pieces are different, resulting in uneven surface wear of the test piece. , so that the evaluation of the wear resistance of the specimen is affected. In addition, the friction between the upper and lower groups of specimens in saliva is inconsistent with the clinical chewing and abrasion state with food intervention.

Therefore, the present application provides a new chewing-simulating composite resin material abrasion tester in view of the above problems.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a simulating chewing type composite resin material abrasion tester, so as to solve the problem of uneven abrasion of the test piece in the prior art, and the way and result of the in vitro abrasion of the test piece do not match the actual clinical situation. technical problem.

Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a simulating chewing type composite resin material abrasion testing machine, which includes a motion device, a pair of wear parts and a frame, and the movement device and the pair of wear parts are both connected to the machine. shelf;

A specimen clamp for fixing the specimen is connected to the moving device;

The moving device can make the specimen holder move up and down relative to the frame repeatedly and rotate, and when the specimen holder moves up and down relative to the frame, the specimen holder can move closer to or away from the pair of grinding couples. The pair of grinding pieces can rotate relative to the frame; the side of the pair of grinding pieces close to the sample holder is provided with abrasives for simulating food.

In the above technical solution, further, the abrasive includes fluorite powder with a Mohs hardness of 4 and distilled water added to the fluorite powder.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the anti-grinding coupler is a rubber plate.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the moving device includes a sliding sleeve and a lifting shaft, and the sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to the frame;

A keyway is opened on the sliding sleeve, and the keyway extends along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve; a sliding key is arranged on the lifting shaft, and the sliding key is matched with the key groove to make the lifting shaft can rotate with the sliding sleeve;

Along the axial direction of the lift shaft, the lift shaft includes a corresponding first end and a second end, and the specimen holder is arranged at the first end.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the sliding key can move along the extending direction of the keyway;

An end surface cam is fixedly connected to the second end of the lifting shaft, and the convex part of the end surface cam is close to the specimen holder;

A support wheel is fixed on the frame, and the support wheel is arranged below the end surface cam, and the support wheel cooperates with the protruding portion, so that the lifting shaft is repeatedly raised and lowered.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the simulating chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine further includes a rotating sleeve;

The rotating sleeve is connected to the first end of the lifting shaft through a bearing group, and can rotate relative to the lifting shaft, and the test piece is clamped and connected to the rotating sleeve;

A plurality of positioning rods are uniformly fixed on the circumferential surface of the rotating sleeve along the circumferential direction, and the axial direction of the positioning rods is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating sleeve;

A positioning plate is fixed on the frame;

When the lifting shaft descends, the locating rod can be driven to descend by the rotating sleeve, so that the locating rod is abutted with the locating plate, thereby stopping the rotation of the locating rod.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the simulating chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine also includes a grinding disc shaft;

The grinding disc shaft is rotatably connected to the frame, and the pair of grinding couples is fixed to the grinding disc shaft.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine further includes an abrasive baffle, and the abrasive baffle is fixed to the frame;

Along the length direction of the abrasive baffle, the abrasive baffle includes a corresponding first side and a second side; along the length of the abrasive baffle, the abrasive baffle extends spirally, so that a cavity is formed in the abrasive baffle; an inlet is formed between the first side and the second side, the inlet communicates with the cavity, and the first side is compared with the second side is closer to the center of the cavity;

The abrasive baffle is covered on the pair of abrasives, and is located on the side close to the edge of the pair of abrasives, and the inlet is opposite to the specimen clamp; when the pair of abrasives rotates, the first side is located rotationally downstream of the second side;

One side of the abrasive baffle close to the first side is provided with an incision, and the incision is arranged opposite to the specimen holder, and the incision and the side of the pair of abrasive couplers close to the abrasive baffle parallel.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the simulated chewing type composite resin material abrasion testing machine further includes a driving device;

The driving device includes a driving shaft, a gear transmission assembly, a ratchet transmission assembly and a driving component;

The driving component is drivingly connected to the driving shaft, and can make the driving shaft rotate; the driving shaft is drivingly connected to the sliding sleeve through the gear transmission assembly, and the driving shaft is drivingly connected to the sliding sleeve through the ratchet transmission assembly. The grinding wheel shaft.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the simulating chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine further includes a positioning plate, and the positioning plate is fixed to the grinding plate shaft;

A lower bearing sleeve is fixed on the frame, and the lower bearing sleeve is connected with the grinding wheel shaft through a second bearing;

An elastic member is fixed on the positioning plate, and a positioning ball is fixed on the side of the elastic member close to the lower bearing sleeve; a conical positioning hole is opened on the lower bearing sleeve, and the positioning ball The part of the locating bead is located in the locating hole, and the elastic member keeps the locating bead firmly in contact with the locating hole;

There are a plurality of the positioning holes, and the plurality of the positioning holes are uniformly distributed on the lower bearing sleeve;

The angle between the adjacent positioning holes is equal to the intermittent rotation angle of the ratchet transmission assembly.

Adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The specimen clamp is raised or lowered by the motion device, and the specimen clamp is moved in the direction close to the counter-grinding couple to realize the engagement between the specimen and the counter-grinding couple; and the specimen clamp is repeatedly raised and lowered by the motion device to simulate The occlusal chewing motion of the human body; when the test piece is engaged with the counter-grinding couple, the friction between the test piece and the counter-grinding couple is realized by rotating the counter-grinding couple relative to the frame.

It should be noted that when the specimen clamp is located above the counter-grinding couple, when the motion device makes the specimen clamp lower, the specimen clamp moves in the direction close to the counter-grinding couple, so as to realize the test piece and the counter-grinding couple. When the specimen clamp is located below the counter-grinding couple, when the motion device makes the specimen clamp rise, the specimen clamp moves in the direction close to the counter-grinding couple to realize the occlusion of the specimen and the counter-grinding couple. . The following description is given by taking the sample holder located above the counter-grinding couple as an example.

The operation process of the simulated chewing composite resin material wear testing machine is as follows: S1. Connect the specimen to the specimen clamp; S2. The motion device drives the specimen clamp to descend, so that the specimen is engaged with the anti-wear couple; S3 , and then rotate the counter-grinding pair relative to the frame to realize the friction between the test piece and the counter-grinding pair; S4, the motion device drives the specimen clamp to rise, so that the specimen gradually moves away from the counter-grinding pair, and at the same time drives the test piece through the motion device. The piece clamp is rotated relative to the frame, so that the test piece is rotated by a certain angle; at the same time, the counter-grinding coupler is rotated by a certain angle to change the position where it is engaged with the test piece clamp; S5, repeat the above S2-S4 process.

The analysis of the above operation process is as follows: after the S3 process, the one-time wear of the test piece is realized. Through the setting of the S4 process, the test piece is lifted to a certain height after each wear process, free from friction, and rotated at a certain angle, and then Then perform the next lowering engagement action and friction action with the counter-grinding pair. The worn surface of the test piece can take turns to accept the wear action of multiple different directions, so that the worn surface of the test piece is uniformly worn, which is conducive to maintaining the flatness of the worn surface of the test piece, and will not be caused by wear in the same direction all the time. The initial wear surface of the test piece and the wear surface at the end of the final wear test have excessive shape changes, reducing the influence of the directionality of the wear test on the experimental results, which is important for accurately measuring the wear amount of the test piece, especially when using the test material. Such height changes are of great significance to evaluate the wear resistance of materials.

In addition, in the abrasion experiment, the presence of abrasives can make the surface of the specimen subjected to abrasion to show the desired abrasion state, that is, the abrasion state similar to that of clinical abrasion, so that the results of abrasion experiment are more similar to clinical abrasion results. .

In the prior art, the material test piece can only be subjected to the abrasion test in saliva, which is inconsistent with the actual situation that the dental filling material is mainly abraded by food in the oral environment. The actual situation is that in the process of oral chewing, the wear and tear of the filling material occurs, mainly when the teeth on the opposite side squeeze the food and the teeth filled with the filling material for rolling and friction during chewing. There are not only the occlusal action of the upper and lower teeth, but also the friction action of squeezing the food under the action of the occlusal force.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the simulated chewing composite resin material wear tester simulates the wear of the upper and lower teeth through the relative vertical movement between the test piece and the counter-grinding pair by arranging the abrasive for simulating food on the counter-grinding pair. The occlusal action is to simulate the occlusal extrusion of the upper and lower teeth under the action of the occlusal force through the relative parallel movement between the wear surface of the specimen and the counter-grinding couple under the action of simulated occlusal stress, that is, the counter-grinding couple rotates relative to the specimen. Friction action after pressing food. To sum up, the simulated chewing type composite resin material wear tester of the present invention further ensures that the test piece is subjected to wear test in an environment similar to that of the human oral cavity, and improves the in vitro wear test result of the composite resin filling material compared with that in the patient's oral cavity. Correlation of wear results after long-term use.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, Other related figures can be obtained from these figures.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the abrasion testing machine in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion tester provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion tester provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion tester provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

5 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion tester provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the partial structure of part A of the simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion tester shown in FIG. 5;

7 is a cross-sectional view of another part of the structure of the simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

Figure 8 is an electron microscope image of the surface morphology of the composite resin filling material after clinical oral wear;

9 is an electron microscope image of the surface morphology of the composite resin filling material after being worn by a simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion tester;

Fig. 10 is an electron microscope image of the surface morphology of the composite resin material after being worn by a rigid pair of abrasives and hard abrasives.

Icons: 1'- upper jaw simulation mechanism; 2'- lower jaw simulation mechanism; 3'- saliva tank;

1- pair of grinding parts; 2- frame; 31- specimen holder; 32- specimen;

41-Sliding sleeve; 411-Keyway; 42-Lifting shaft; 421-Feather key;

5-end cam; 51-protrusion; 61-support wheel; 62-counterweight; 621-fixing pin; 63-rotating sleeve; 64-positioning rod; 65-positioning plate; 66-first bearing; 67-first Four bearings;

71-positioning plate; 72-lower bearing sleeve; 73-second bearing; 74-elastic part; 75-positioning ball; 76-upper bearing sleeve; 77-third bearing; 78-thrust bearing;

8-grinding shaft; 81-abrasive baffle; 811-grinding plate; 812-first side; 813-second side; 82-inlet; 83-cut; 91-drive shaft; 921-first gear; 922- The second gear; 931-pawl wheel; 932-ratchet.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only In order to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, it is not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, as well as a specific orientation configuration and operation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a connectable connection. Detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

Example

In the prior art, the upper and lower sets of specimens are both worn along a fixed axis, so that the portion of the specimen near the axis of the maxillary simulation mechanism has a small amount of wear, and the portion far from the axis has a large amount of wear, so that the wear of the specimen is large. Unidirectional wear marks appear on the wear surface, and the wear damage pattern is directional, resulting in uneven wear on the surface of the specimen, which is not conducive to the measurement of wear test results.

In view of the above problems, referring to Fig. 2-Fig. 10, this embodiment provides a simulated chewing type composite resin material abrasion testing machine, the simulated chewing type composite resin material abrasion testing machine includes a motion device, a pair of wear parts 1 and a machine Frame 2, and both the motion device and the anti-grinding coupler 1 are connected to the frame 2; the motion device is connected with a test piece clamp 31 for fixing the test piece 32; it should be noted that in this embodiment, the test piece 32 is Composite resin filling material. The motion device can make the specimen holder 31 lift and rotate relative to the frame 2 repeatedly, and when the specimen holder 31 lifts and lowers relative to the frame 2, the specimen holder 31 can move in the direction of approaching or away from the grinding pair 1; The piece 1 can be rotated relative to the frame 2; the side of the grinding couple piece 1 close to the specimen holder 31 is provided with abrasives (not shown in the figure) for simulating food.

With this arrangement, the specimen holder 31 is raised or lowered by the motion device, and the specimen holder 31 is moved toward the direction close to the counter-grinding pair 1, so as to realize the engagement between the specimen 32 and the counter-grinding pair 1; and through the motion device The specimen holder 31 is repeatedly raised and lowered to simulate the occlusal and chewing motion of the human body; after the specimen 32 is engaged with the counter-grinding coupler 1, the counter-grinding coupler 1 is rotated relative to the frame 2 to realize the test piece 32 and the counter-grinding coupler. 1 friction.

It should be noted that when the specimen holder 31 is located above the counter-grinding coupler 1, when the motion device makes the specimen holder 31 descend, the specimen holder 31 moves in the direction close to the counter-grinding coupler 1, so as to realize the test piece Engagement with the counter-grinding coupler 1; when the specimen holder 31 is located below the counter-grinding coupler 1, when the motion device makes the specimen holder 31 rise, the specimen holder 31 moves in the direction close to the counter-grinding coupler 1, In order to realize the occlusion of the test piece and the anti-grinding coupler 1. The following description is given by taking the sample holder located above the counter-grinding couple as an example.

The operation process of the simulated chewing composite resin material wear testing machine is as follows: S1. Connect the test piece 32 to the test piece holder 31; Part 1 is engaged; S3, then rotate the counter-grinding coupler 1 relative to the frame 2 to achieve friction between the test piece 32 and the counter-grinding coupler 1; S4, the motion device drives the specimen clamp 31 to rise, so that the specimen 32 gradually moves away For the grinding coupler 1, at the same time, the motion device drives the specimen holder 31 to rotate relative to the frame 2, so that the specimen 32 rotates by a certain angle; at the same time, the counter-grinding coupler 1 is rotated by a certain angle, and the position where it is engaged with the specimen holder 31 is changed. ; S5, repeat the above S2-S4 process.

The analysis of the above operation process is as follows: after the S3 process, the one-time wear of the test piece 32 is realized, and through the setting of the S4 process, the test piece 32 is lifted to a certain height after each wear process, separated from friction, and rotated at a certain angle. , and then perform the next lowering engagement action and friction action with the pair of grinding coupler 1. The abraded surface of the test piece 32 can take turns to accept the wear action of multiple different directions, so that the abraded surface of the test piece 32 is uniformly worn, which is conducive to maintaining the flatness of the worn surface of the test piece 32, and will not always be the same Directional wear causes excessive shape changes between the initial wear surface of the test piece 32 and the wear surface at the end of the final wear test, reducing the influence of the directionality of the wear test on the experimental results, and for accurately measuring the wear amount of the test piece 32, especially It is of great significance to evaluate the wear resistance of the material by measuring the height change of the material sample.

In addition, the abrasive can make the surface of the test piece subjected to the abrasion test to show the required abrasion state, that is, the abrasion state similar to the clinical abrasion, so that the abrasion experiment result can be correlated with the clinical abrasion result.

In the prior art, the material test piece can only be subjected to the abrasion test in saliva, which is inconsistent with the actual situation that the dental filling material is mainly abraded by food in the oral environment. The actual situation is that in the process of oral chewing, the wear and tear of the filling material occurs, mainly when the teeth on the opposite side squeeze the food and the teeth filled with the filling material to roll and rub. In this process, there are not only the occlusal action of the upper and lower teeth, but also the friction action of the squeezed food on the dental filling material specimen under the action of the occlusal force, which is the so-called three-body wear method.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the simulated chewing type composite resin material abrasion tester simulates the relative vertical movement between the test piece 32 and the counter-grinding pair 1 by setting abrasives on the counter-grinding pair 1 for simulating food. The occlusal action of the upper and lower teeth is simulated by the relative parallel movement between the wear surface of the specimen 32 and the counter-grinding coupler 1 under the action of simulated occlusal stress, that is, the rotation of the counter-grinding coupler 1 relative to the specimen 32 to simulate the upper and lower teeth Under the action of the bite force, the friction action after the bite squeezes the food. To sum up, the simulated chewing composite resin material wear tester of this embodiment further ensures that the test piece 32 is subjected to the wear test in an environment similar to that of the human oral cavity, and improves the in vitro wear test result of the composite resin filling material compared with that in the patient's oral cavity. Correlation of wear results after long-term use.

Among them, it should be noted that the hardness of the abrasive is very important. If the hardness of the abrasive is too high, the wear scar left on the wear surface of the test piece 32 is very different from the actual wear scar of the material in the oral cavity; if the hardness is too low, the wear efficiency is affected.

The actual situation of oral clinic is that the hardness of food is much lower than that of various filling materials filled in the cavity of the tooth. In particular, composite resin filling materials, which are widely used in clinic for repairing dental caries, are composed of resin matrix with low hardness and glass powder filler with high hardness. Observing the wear surface of the material, it is found that the wear law of this composite material is: the resin matrix on the surface is first worn due to the rolling and friction of the food, so that the high-hardness filler particles protrude from the surface of the material (see Figure 8). , which will protect the resin matrix between the filler particles and slow down the process of being worn; when the resin matrix is worn to the extent that the filler particles cannot be stabilized, the filler particles will destabilize and fall off, leaving behind on the surface of the filler material. Dock marks; after the protection of the hard filler is lost, the resin matrix continues to wear down until the underlying filler particles are exposed again.

Therefore, preferably, in this embodiment, the abrasive material includes fluorite powder material (existing material) with a Mohs hardness of 4, which is a stable inorganic material. During the abrasion test, an appropriate amount of distilled water is added to the fluorite powder material to form Wet sand-like abrasive. According to the national industry standard YB/T 5217-2005 "Fluorite" standard for fluorite concentrate FC-98, chemical composition requirements: CaF ₂ >98%, SiO ₂ <0.6%; particle size requirements: <110 mesh, The content between 110 mesh and 120 mesh is not less than 65%. The results of in vitro (simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine) abrasion experiments on various oral filling materials with this abrasive are correlated with the abrasion results of these materials after long-term use in the oral cavity of patients. Moreover, in the results of both intraoral and in vitro experiments, the order of wear resistance of these materials is consistent, and the wear surface morphology of the in vitro composite resin filling material is basically the same as that in the oral cavity.

Preferably, the anti-grinding coupler 1 is a rubber plate. For example, the Shore hardness of the rubber sheet is 60 degrees, the thickness is 6mm, and the material formula is determined. Therefore, the test pieces 32 of various dental materials all use the same and standard pair of wear parts 1. Under the same wear conditions, it is more objective to compare the wear resistance of the test pieces 32 of different materials. Comply with the principle of single comparison.

In addition, by uniformly using a rubber plate with a certain hardness for the grinding pair 1, the chewing conditions of the oral cavity can be simulated more realistically. Because the periodontal ligament has a certain buffering effect around the teeth, the upper and lower teeth do not collide with two rigid bodies when chewing. Therefore, the rubber plate with a certain hardness can not only play a certain buffering effect, but also transmit the necessary chewing pressure. From a microscopic point of view, the test piece 32 is in occlusal contact with the surface of the soft and elastic rubber plate, which prevents the filler particles from falling off due to impact and collision, and at the same time, the elastic deformation of the surface of the rubber plate can be more fully transmitted to the filler particles. The pressure increases the abrasive effect of the abrasive particles on the resin matrix. Therefore, in this embodiment, the microscopic morphology of the composite resin filling material after abrasion is also the same as that of the same type of material worn by the food in the oral cavity (see FIG. 9 ). However, the wear experiments of the wear coupler and the hard abrasive were carried out using rigidity, and the microscopic morphology of the obtained composite resin material after wear was completely different (see Figure 10).

In the prior art, the materials of the upper and lower groups of test pieces are the same, and the result of grinding the test pieces of the same material cannot evaluate and compare the difference in wear resistance between different materials. Because the anti-wear parts of the test piece are also test pieces, the same material samples rub against each other, and there is no unified standard for evaluating the wear resistance results of different materials.

In this example, the test piece and the rubber plate are ground against each other, and there is an abrasive that simulates food in between. The test pieces of various dental materials use the same, standard anti-abrasion parts and abrasives, and when replacing the test pieces, update the anti-abrasion parts and abrasives, so that all the test pieces can be obtained under the same wear conditions. The results of the wear test can more objectively compare the wear resistance of different specimen materials.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2 , the moving device includes a sliding sleeve 41 and a lifting shaft 42 , and the sliding sleeve 41 is rotatably connected to the frame 2 ; the sliding sleeve 41 is provided with a key groove 411 , and the key groove 411 is along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 41 . extension; the lifting shaft 42 is provided with a sliding key 421, and the sliding key 421 is matched with the keyway 411, so that the lifting shaft 42 can rotate with the sliding sleeve 41; along the axial direction of the lifting shaft 42, the lifting shaft 42 includes a corresponding first end and the second end, the specimen holder 31 is arranged at the first end. That is, the second end is located above the first end.

With this arrangement, when the sliding sleeve 41 rotates relative to the frame 2, since the sliding key 421 on the lifting shaft 42 is matched with the key groove 411 on the sliding sleeve 41, the lifting shaft 42 is driven to rotate relative to the frame 2, so the lifting shaft 42 is driven to rotate relative to the frame 2. The specimen holder 31 on the first end of the 42 rotates accordingly, so that the specimen on the specimen holder 31 can be rotated by a certain angle.

Optionally, the sliding sleeve 41 is connected to the frame 2 through a bearing, so that the sliding sleeve 41 can rotate relative to the frame 2 .

Preferably, the sliding key 421 can move along the extending direction of the key groove 411 , that is, the length of the key groove 411 is greater than the length of the sliding key 421 ; the second end of the lifting shaft 42 is fixed with the end surface cam 5 , and the protrusion of the end surface cam 5 is fixed. The support wheel 61 is fixed on the frame 2, and the support wheel 61 is arranged below the end surface cam 5, and the support wheel 61 cooperates with the raised part 51 to make the lifting shaft 42 rise and fall repeatedly.

With this arrangement, when the lifting shaft 42 rotates, it drives the end surface cam 5 to rotate. When the raised portion 51 is in contact with the support wheel 61, the support wheel 61 supports the raised portion 51, and the support raised portion 51 rises. When the part 51 rotates to be gradually disengaged from the support wheel 61, the raised part 51 gradually descends. Therefore, in the process of one rotation of the end face cam 5, one lift of the lift shaft 42 is realized; The movement in the extension direction provides the possibility for the lifting shaft 42 to rise and fall along the axis direction within the sliding sleeve 41 .

It should be noted that the end face cam 5 is a cam having a raised portion 51 on its end face, which is in the prior art, and therefore will not be repeated here.

As another achievable way, the sliding sleeve 41 is provided with a sliding key, the lifting shaft 42 is provided with a key groove, and the sliding key is matched with the key groove, so that the lifting shaft 42 can rotate with the sliding sleeve 41, and the length of the key groove is longer than that of the sliding key. The length of , provides a margin for the lifting and lowering of the lifting shaft 42 .

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine further includes a counterweight 62 ;

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 2 , the counterweight 62 is fixed on the end face cam 5 through a fixing pin 621 .

With this arrangement, the counterweight 62 can make the end surface cam 5 firmly press against the top of the support wheel 61 all the time, so as to ensure that the end surface cam 5 can drive the lifting shaft 42 to move up and down stably. At the same time, the setting of the counterweight 62 also provides a positive pressure for the occlusion of the test piece 32 and the pair of grinding couples 1 to simulate the occlusal force of the human teeth. The end cam 5 and the fixing pin 621.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 7 , the simulating chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine further includes a rotating sleeve 63; the rotating sleeve 63 is connected to the first end of the lifting shaft 42 through the bearing set, and the specimen clamp 31 is fixed to the Rotating sleeve 63; a plurality of positioning rods 64 are evenly fixed on the circumferential surface of the rotating sleeve 63 along the circumferential direction, and the axial direction of the positioning rods 64 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating sleeve 63; a positioning plate 65 is fixed on the frame 2 When the lifting shaft 42 descends, it can drive the rotating sleeve 63 and the positioning rod 64 to descend, so that the positioning rod 64 and the positioning plate 65 abut, so that the rotating sleeve 63 and the positioning rod 64 stop rotating.

The operation process of the simulated chewing composite resin material wear testing machine is as follows: when the sliding sleeve 41 rotates relative to the frame 2, the lifting shaft 42 is driven to rotate relative to the frame 2, so that the end face cam 5 rotates, and the repeated lifting and lowering of the lifting shaft 42 is realized. ; Among them, when the lifting shaft 42 descends, the rotating sleeve 63 and the test piece clamp 31 descend accordingly, so that the test piece 32 is engaged with the grinding pair 1 below it, and at this time, the rotating sleeve 63 descends to its peripheral fixed position The rod 64 is in contact with the positioning plate 65, so that the positioning rod 64 is blocked, so that the rotating sleeve 63 stops rotating, and under the action of the bearing group, the lifting shaft 42 continues to rotate, that is, the test piece 32 and the friction pair below it. 1. When occluding, the test piece 32 does not rotate; as the end face cam 5 continues to rotate, the lifting shaft 42 rises until the positioning rod 64 is separated from the positioning plate 65. Under the frictional force of the bearing group, the lifting shaft 42 drives the rotating sleeve 63 to continue to rotate , so the specimen clamp 31 rotates until the lifting shaft 42 descends again, and the positioning rod 64 is in contact with the positioning plate 65 again. By engaging with the pair of wear parts 1 and repeating the above process, the worn surface of the test piece 32 can be subjected to a plurality of different directions of wear in turn, so that the worn surface of the test piece 32 is uniformly worn.

Among them, when the test piece 32 is engaged with the anti-grinding coupler 1 below it, the test piece 32 does not rotate, that is to say, the test piece 32 only exerts pressure on the anti-grinding coupler 1 at this time, so as to eliminate the interference caused by the rotation of the test piece 32 and ensure The test piece 32 is independent of the force acting on the grinding coupler 1, so as to conveniently control the pressure exerted by the test piece 32, thereby effectively ensuring that the pressure exerted by the test piece 32 is within the prescribed pressure range. At the same time, when the test piece 32 is engaged with the grinding pair 1 below it, since the rotation of the grinding wheel shaft 8 is completed by the ratchet wheel 931 intermittently pushing the ratchet wheel 932, the grinding wheel 811 fixedly connected with the grinding wheel shaft 8 and the fixed connection The anti-grinding coupler 1 on its surface also moves intermittently. That is, when the test piece 32 is engaged with the counter-grinding coupler 1, the counter-grinding coupler 1 does not rotate, and the test piece 32 stops descending. After the occlusal action is completed, the counter-grinding coupler 1 rotates an angle to realize the friction with the test piece 32. ; Then, after the test piece 32 rises and disengages from the occlusal part 1, before the next occlusal action starts, the anti-grinding part 1 rotates another angle, ready to accept the next occlusion.

Optionally, the bearing set includes a plurality of first bearings 66 and a plurality of fourth bearings 67. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the bearing set includes two first bearings 66 and one fourth bearing 67. The first bearing 66 is a thrust bearing, and the fourth bearing 67 is a tapered roller bearing. It can not only transmit the pressure of the lifting shaft 42 to the rotating sleeve 63 , but also ensure that the lifting shaft 42 and the rotating sleeve 63 can rotate relative to each other.

When the rotating sleeve 63 does not bear external resistance, the rotating sleeve 63 can rotate synchronously with the lifting shaft 42 under the action of friction. After the relative positions of the positioning plate 65 and the positioning rod 64 are set, the rotation angle of the rotating sleeve 63 in each lifting cycle can be controlled.

It should be noted that, optionally, the number of positioning rods 64 is N, for example, N is two, three, four or five, and the angle between two adjacent positioning rods 64 is 360°/N, so , the above-mentioned "certain angle" is 360°/N, that is, each time the lifting shaft 42 is lifted and lowered, the rotation angle of the test piece 32 is 360°/N, which realizes the uniform wear of the test piece 32 in N directions.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 7 , the simulating chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine further includes a grinding wheel shaft 8 ; That is to say, through the rotation of the grinding disc shaft 8 relative to the frame 2 , the pair of grinding pairs 1 is driven to rotate relative to the frame 2 .

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 7 , a grinding disc 811 is also included, the grinding disc 811 is fixed to the grinding disc shaft 8 , and the grinding pair 1 is fixedly connected to the grinding disc shaft 8 through the grinding disc 811 .

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 7 , the simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine further includes an abrasive baffle 81 , and the abrasive baffle 81 is fixed to the frame 2 ; along the length direction of the abrasive baffle 81 , The abrasive baffle 81 includes a corresponding first side 812 and a second side 813; along the length direction of the abrasive baffle 81, the abrasive baffle 81 extends in a spiral shape, so that a cavity is formed in the abrasive baffle 81; An inlet 82 is formed between the first side 812 and the second side 813, the inlet 82 communicates with the cavity, and the first side 812 is closer to the center of the cavity than the second side 813; the abrasive baffle 81 covers It is located on the counter-grinding coupler 1, and is located on the side close to the edge of the counter-grinding coupler 1, and the inlet 82 is opposite to the specimen holder 31; when the counter-grinding coupler 1 rotates, the first side 812 is located on the second side 813 The side of the abrasive baffle plate 81 close to the first side 812 is provided with an incision 83, and the incision 83 is arranged opposite to the specimen holder 31, and the incision 83 is parallel to the side of the abrasive pair 1 close to the abrasive baffle plate 81, That is, the side of the abrasive baffle 81 close to the first side 812 has a certain distance from the surface of the opposite abrasive pair 1 .

That is, as shown in FIG. 4 , the abrasive baffle 81 is in the shape of a spiral cone, and the space of the cavity close to the first side 812 is smaller than the space of the cavity close to the second side 813 .

When the test piece 32 is engaged with the anti-grinding coupler 1, the test piece 32 is first pressed against the abrasive in the form of wet sand, so that the edge of the abrasive centered on the pressing place is lifted, and the frictional rotation of the anti-grinding coupler 1 is rotated. It is brought into the inlet 82 located near the edge of the counter-grinding coupler 1, thereby entering the cavity and collecting the abrasive; the abrasive rotates with the counter-grinding coupler 1 in the cavity, because the first side 812 is located on the second side. 813 rotates downstream, so the abrasive rotates from the second side 813 to the first side 812, since the first side 812 is closer to the center of the cavity than the second side 813, so from the second side 813 to the first side 812 On one side 812, the space between the abrasive baffle 81 and the counter-grinding pair 1 gradually decreases. In summary, in the process of the abrasive turning from the second side 813 to the first side 812, the abrasive is gradually squeezed by the lower and lower abrasive baffles 81, that is, the agitation of the abrasive is realized, and the abrasive is stirred from the second side 813 to the first side 812. The output is at the notch 83 on the side 812. Since the notch 83 is parallel to the surface of the counter-grinding pair 1, the abrasive is output in a flat state; since the notch 83 is opposite to the specimen holder 31, the flattened abrasive is output to Under the test piece holder 31 and the test piece 32, the test piece 32 is engaged and rubbed during the rotation of the grinding coupler 1.

In the simulated chewing type composite resin material abrasion tester of this embodiment, during the rotation of the counter-abrasive member 1, the abrasive baffle 81 automatically pushes the abrasive that was squeezed away during the previous friction and adheres to the counter-abrasive member 1. The abrasive is collected, squeezed, stirred, and flattened to a certain height. With the rotation of the pair of grinding pair 1, it is accurately transported to the drop of the test piece 32. The homogenization of the abrasive is achieved, so that the particles in the abrasive will not settle naturally, so that the abrasive will spread more stably and consistently, so that the effect of the abrasive can be fully exerted. It is ensured that each bite and friction between the test piece 32 and the grinding coupler 1 are carried out under the same abrasive conditions, so that the destructive effect of the abrasive on the test piece 32 is consistent and sufficient, and all abrasives can fully participate in the material. The whole process of sample wear.

To sum up, the function of the abrasive baffle is as follows: on the one hand, it collects, mixes, and squeezes the abrasive that has been bitten and scattered to play a role of stirring, so that the abrasive can be fully and uniformly used; on the other hand, from the first side The abrasive extruded from 812 is highly consistent, ensuring that every bite and friction are carried out under the same wear conditions.

In addition, due to the use of a rubber plate for the abrasive coupler 1, the frictional force generated between the surface of the rubber plate and the abrasive can also stabilize the abrasive, ensuring that there is no sliding between the abrasive and the abrasive couple 1. The wear of the piece 32 is more efficient.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2 , the simulating chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine further includes a driving device; the driving device includes a driving shaft 91, a gear transmission assembly, a ratchet transmission assembly and a driving component (not shown in the figure); the driving component The driving shaft 91 is driven and connected to make the driving shaft 91 rotate; the driving shaft 91 is drivingly connected to the sliding sleeve 41 through the gear transmission assembly, and the driving shaft 91 is drivingly connected to the grinding wheel shaft 8 through the ratchet transmission assembly.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the gear transmission assembly includes a first gear 921 and a second gear 922 that mesh with each other. The first gear 921 is fixed to the driving shaft 91 , and the second gear 922 is fixed to the sliding sleeve 41 . By driving The component drives the driving shaft 91 to rotate, so the first gear 921 rotates, and the first gear 921 drives the sliding sleeve 41 to rotate through the second gear 922 .

The ratchet transmission assembly includes a matching ratchet wheel 931 and a ratchet wheel 932. The ratchet wheel 931 is fixed to the driving shaft 91, and the ratchet wheel 932 is fixed to the grinding wheel shaft 8. The driving component drives the driving shaft 91 to rotate, so the ratchet wheel 931 rotates , and the ratchet wheel 931 toggles the ratchet wheel 932 to drive the grinding wheel shaft 8 to rotate evenly and intermittently.

The grinding disc shaft 8 rotates evenly and intermittently to drive the counter-grinding pair 1 to rotate evenly and intermittently, which more realistically simulates the frictional movement of the teeth in the human oral cavity after each occlusion.

Optionally, the driving component is a motor or a deceleration motor, but it is not limited to the above form, which is not limited here, as long as it can drive the driving shaft 91 to rotate.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion tester further includes a positioning plate 71 , and the positioning plate 71 is fixed to the grinding wheel shaft 8 ; the frame 2 is fixed with a lower bearing sleeve 72 , and the lower bearing sleeve 72 is connected with the grinding wheel shaft 8 through the second bearing 73; the positioning plate 71 is fixed with an elastic member 74, and the elastic member 74 is fixed with a positioning ball 75 on the side of the elastic member 74 close to the lower bearing sleeve 72; the lower bearing sleeve 72 There is a conical positioning hole on the upper part, and the part of the positioning bead 75 is located in the positioning hole, and the elastic member 74 makes the positioning bead 75 tightly abut in the positioning hole; there are multiple positioning holes, and a plurality of positioning holes The lower bearing sleeve 72 is evenly distributed around the circumference; the angle between adjacent positioning holes is equal to the intermittent rotation angle of the ratchet transmission assembly.

When the grinding disc shaft 8 rotates intermittently, the positioning disc 71 rotates along with it, and the lower bearing sleeve 72 does not rotate. If the rotation angle of the grinding disc shaft 8 is not in place, the positioning ball 75 cannot rotate to the center position in the next positioning hole. For example, the positioning bead 75 is clamped in the positioning hole and abuts on the conical side surface. At this time, due to the guiding effect of the tapered surface of the positioning hole, the positioning bead 75 is forcibly pressed into the positioning hole, and is located at the center of the positioning hole, thereby driving the grinding wheel shaft 8 to rotate, providing alignment for the rotation of the grinding wheel shaft 8. Accurate positioning of the grinding wheel shaft 8 is achieved.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 5 , an upper bearing sleeve 76 is also included, the upper bearing sleeve 76 is fixedly connected to the frame 2 , and the upper bearing sleeve 76 is rotatably connected to the grinding wheel shaft 8 through the third bearing 77 . The thrust bearing 78 receives the positive pressure when the test piece 32 engages with the counter-grinding coupler 1 and reduces the friction force generated by the axial pressure when the grinding disc shaft 8 rotates.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, but not to limit them; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced, including the use of digital control units such as stepper motors or servo motors to replace gears, ratchets, baffles and other transmission and positioning mechanisms. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A simulated chewing type composite resin material abrasion tester, characterized in that it comprises a motion device, a pair of grinding parts (1) and a frame (2), and the motion device and the pair of grinding parts (1) ) are connected to the frame (2); A specimen clamp (31) for fixing the specimen (32) is connected to the motion device; The motion device can make the specimen holder (31) move up and down relative to the frame (2) repeatedly and rotate, and when the specimen holder (31) is lifted and lowered relative to the frame (2), the specimen holder (31) is lifted and lowered relative to the frame (2). The clamp (31) can move in a direction close to or away from the pair of grinding pairs (1); the pair of grinding pairs (1) can rotate relative to the frame (2); the pair of grinding pairs ( 1) An abrasive for simulating food is provided on one side of the specimen holder (31). 2 . The simulated chewing type composite resin material abrasion tester according to claim 1 , wherein the abrasive comprises fluorite powder with a Mohs hardness of 4 and distilled water added to the fluorite powder. 3 . 3. The simulated chewing type composite resin material abrasion tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, the pair of abrasion parts (1) is a rubber plate. 4. The simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the moving device comprises a sliding sleeve (41) and a lifting shaft (42), and the sliding sleeve (41) is connected to the the frame (2) is rotatably connected; The sliding sleeve (41) is provided with a key groove (411), and the key groove (411) extends along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve (41); the lifting shaft (42) is provided with a sliding key (421) , and the sliding key (421) is matched with the key groove (411), so that the lifting shaft (42) can rotate with the sliding sleeve (41); Along the axial direction of the lift shaft (42), the lift shaft (42) includes a corresponding first end and a second end, and the specimen holder (31) is arranged on the first end. 5. The simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine according to claim 4, wherein the sliding key (421) can move along the extending direction of the key groove (411); An end surface cam (5) is fixedly connected to the second end of the lifting shaft (42), and the raised portion (51) of the end surface cam (5) is close to the test piece holder (31); A support wheel (61) is fixed on the frame (2), and the support wheel (61) is arranged below the end surface cam (5), and the support wheel (61) is connected to the protrusion The part (51) is matched to make the lifting shaft (42) rise and fall repeatedly. 6. The simulated chewing type composite resin material abrasion testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, further comprising a rotating sleeve (63); The rotating sleeve (63) is connected to the first end of the lifting shaft (42) through a bearing set, and can rotate relative to the lifting shaft (42), and the specimen holder (31) is fixed to the rotating sleeve (63). ); A plurality of positioning rods (64) are uniformly fixed on the circumferential surface of the rotating sleeve (63) along the circumferential direction, and the axial direction of the positioning rods (64) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating sleeve (63); A positioning plate (65) is fixed on the frame (2); When the lifting shaft (42) descends, the positioning rod (64) can be driven to descend through the rotating sleeve (63), so that the positioning rod (64) is in contact with the positioning plate (65), thereby The positioning rod (64) is stopped. 7. The simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that, further comprising a grinding disc shaft (8); The grinding disc shaft (8) is rotatably connected to the frame (2), and the pair of grinding couples (1) are fixedly connected to the grinding disc shaft (8). 8. The simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises an abrasive baffle (81), and the abrasive baffle (81) is fixed to the frame (2) ); Along the length direction of the abrasive baffle (81), the abrasive baffle (81) includes a corresponding first side (812) and a second side (813); along the abrasive baffle (81) The abrasive baffle (81) extends in a helical shape, so that a cavity is formed in the abrasive baffle (81); the first side (812) and the second side ( An inlet (82) is formed between 813), the inlet (82) communicates with the cavity, and the first side (812) is closer to the cavity than the second side (813) the center of the body; The abrasive baffle (81) is covered on the pair of grinding couples (1), and is located on the side close to the edge of the pair of grinding couples (1), and the inlet (82) is connected to the test piece The clamps (31) are opposite to each other; when the pair of grinding couplers (1) rotates, the first side (812) is located downstream of the rotation of the second side (813); A slit (83) is formed on the side of the abrasive baffle plate (81) close to the first side (812), and the slit (83) is arranged opposite to the specimen holder (31). (83) is parallel to the surface of the pair of abrasive couples (1) close to the abrasive baffle plate (81). 9. The simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion tester according to claim 7, characterized in that, further comprising a driving device; The driving device includes a driving shaft (91), a gear transmission assembly, a ratchet transmission assembly and a driving component; The driving component is drivingly connected to the driving shaft (91), and can make the driving shaft (91) rotate; the driving shaft (91) is drivingly connected to the sliding sleeve (41) through the gear transmission assembly, and all the The driving shaft (91) is drivingly connected to the grinding wheel shaft (8) through the ratchet transmission assembly. 10. The simulated chewing composite resin material abrasion testing machine according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises a positioning plate (71), and the positioning plate (71) is fixed to the grinding plate shaft (8); A lower bearing sleeve (72) is fixed on the frame (2), and the lower bearing sleeve (72) is connected with the grinding wheel shaft (8) through a second bearing (73); An elastic member (74) is fixed on the positioning plate (71), and a positioning ball (75) is fixed on the side of the elastic member (74) close to the lower bearing sleeve (72); the lower bearing sleeve is fixed with a positioning ball (75). A conical positioning hole is formed on the (72), and a part of the positioning bead (75) is located in the positioning hole. The elastic member (74) makes the positioning bead (75) always tightly abut against connected to the positioning hole; There are a plurality of the positioning holes, and the plurality of the positioning holes are uniformly distributed in the circumference on the lower bearing sleeve (72); The angle between the adjacent positioning holes is equal to the intermittent rotation angle of the ratchet transmission assembly.

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