CN218329375U - Novel carbon black reaction system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a novel carbon black reaction system, which belongs to the technical field of carbon black production and comprises a main air supply system, a high-temperature air preheater, a waste heat recoverer, a high-temperature raw oil heater and a carbon black reaction furnace system, wherein the main air supply system adopts frequency conversion control; the carbon black reaction furnace system comprises a combustion section, a throat section, a reaction section, a quenching section and a vaporization section, wherein an air distributor is arranged in the combustion section and used for uniformly mixing hot air and fuel gas. The utility model has the characteristics of improve combustion efficiency, reduce raw oil consumption, energy saving and consumption reduction reduces and opens the parking etc. and examines the maintenance number of times, and the operation is undulant to be reduced, prolongs the life of equipment, improves product quality and stabilizes the productivity.

Description

Novel carbon black reaction system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of carbon black production, especially, relate to a novel carbon black reaction system.

Background

The carbon black is prepared by incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of hydrocarbons at high temperature, and the production process mainly comprises the steps of preheating raw oil by a raw oil preheater, spraying the preheated raw oil into a reaction furnace in an atomized state by an oil gun, carrying out pyrolysis reaction at 1900-2200 ℃ to generate carbon black dust, carrying out quenching and cooling termination reaction on flue gas containing the carbon black dust, recovering waste heat, and carrying out a series of processes such as bag filtration collection, wet granulation, drying and packaging to finally obtain the finished product of the carbon black. The most important in the whole process is a carbon black reaction system, and the control of the system process determines the quality and the cost of the carbon black.

The main equipment of the existing carbon black reaction system comprises a carbon black reaction furnace, a main air supply fan, an air preheater, a raw oil preheater, a waste heat recoverer and the like. The common carbon black reaction furnace is a five-section furnace and comprises a combustion section, a throat section, a reaction section, a quenching section and a vaporization section. Because of high reaction temperature, the carbon black reaction furnace totally uses refractory materials as the inner lining, but because of harsh operating conditions, the service life is short; the combustion section of the traditional carbon black reaction furnace consists of a cavity, fuel oil or fuel gas is sprayed into high-temperature air, so that high-temperature flue gas flow is formed and enters a throat pipe section, but the mixing uniformity of the fuel gas and the air in the throat pipe section is poor, the combustion efficiency is low, the flame temperature is low, the excess air coefficient is high, the oxygen content of the flue gas is high, a large amount of raw oil needs to be consumed in the throat pipe section to react with oxygen, and the consumption of the raw oil is increased; the throat pipe section of the traditional carbon black reaction furnace is only provided with a radial oil gun, atomized raw oil is sprayed into the reaction furnace and then is in a ring shape, the center of the circle is hollow, most of high-temperature flue gas after combustion enters the reaction section at the hollow position and cannot be fully contacted with the raw oil, the reaction is uneven, the efficiency is low, and therefore the generated carbon black particles are uneven, the product quality is poor, the indexes such as the coloring strength and the nitrogen adsorption are low; the traditional throat adopts a structural form of a metal shell and a lining refractory material, the temperature of the inner side of the throat is about 1900-2200 ℃, the flow velocity of gas is about mach 1, and the throat is washed by high temperature and high flow velocity for a long time, so that the geometric dimension of the throat is gradually enlarged and irregularly changed, the reaction granularity of carbon black is unevenly changed, and the quality and the stability of a product are poor; ignition of a traditional carbon black reaction furnace is started on site by an operator, manual ignition is realized, a torch is usually manually ignited outside the reaction furnace and then placed in a combustion section, flame combustion conditions are checked through a fire viewer, when fire is extinguished, the ignition operation needs to be repeated, the operation is complicated, and the risk of tempering is high; the traditional main air supply machine operates in full frequency, a mode of discharging partial air quantity is adopted, the air quantity is adjusted by using an adjusting valve, the control fluctuation is large, and energy waste is easily caused; most of the traditional air preheaters have preheating temperature of 750-850 ℃, and have the problems of high fuel consumption and low heat recovery utilization rate; the traditional raw oil preheater adopts a circular shell and is internally provided with a coil pipe, raw oil flows in the pipe, smoke flows outside the pipe, partial smoke can be deflected due to the fact that gaps outside the pipe cannot be uniformly distributed, the preheating temperature of the raw oil is about 200 ℃, the temperature is low, the atomization effect of the raw oil sprayed into a reaction furnace is poor, oil mist drops are large, the raw oil cannot fully react with hot air, and the reaction effect is poor; the traditional carbon black reaction system is used for producing carbon black after recovering waste heat in carbon black smoke to generate steam, and because the carbon black does not need medium-high pressure steam, the temperature of the pipe wall is low, the dust is easily accumulated, the heat transfer efficiency is reduced, and even the blockage is caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below to provide a more concise and understandable description of the other features, objects, and advantages of the application.

The utility model provides a novel carbon black reaction system improves the combination configuration through each equipment to reaction system, has solved the above-mentioned technical problem that current carbon black reaction system exists, has the improvement combustion efficiency, reduces raw oil consumption, and energy saving and consumption reduction reduces to open and parks etc. and examines the maintenance number of times, and the operation is undulant to be reduced, prolongs the life of equipment, has improved the operational safety nature, improves product quality and stabilizes the characteristics of productivity.

The utility model discloses an aspect discloses a novel carbon black reaction system, include

The main air supply system adopts frequency conversion control;

the cold air inlet of the high-temperature air preheater is connected with the main air supply fan system;

the upper end of the waste heat recoverer is connected with the upper end of the high-temperature air preheater;

the front end of the high-temperature raw oil heater is connected with the lower end of the waste heat recoverer;

the carbon black reaction furnace system comprises a combustion section, a throat section, a reaction section, a quenching section and a vaporization section, wherein the front end of the carbon black reaction furnace system is connected with a carbon black raw oil outlet of a high-temperature raw oil heater, the rear end of the carbon black reaction furnace system is connected with the lower end of a high-temperature air preheater through a flue, the combustion section, the reaction section, the quenching section and the vaporization section are arranged, a hot air inlet is arranged above one end, away from the throat section, of the combustion section, a fuel gas inlet is arranged at the front end of the combustion section, and an air distributor is arranged in the combustion section and used for uniformly mixing hot air and the fuel gas.

In some embodiments, the combustion section is provided with an automatic temperature rise system, wherein the automatic temperature rise system is connected with a DCS sequence control program.

In some embodiments, the automatic temperature raising system comprises an automatic temperature raising system and an automatic igniter, wherein the automatic igniter is connected with a DCS (distributed control system) sequence control program, and the flame monitor is arranged on a front end plate of the carbon black reaction furnace system.

In some embodiments, the throat section is provided with a plurality of radial oil guns arranged along the circumferential direction, and the axial oil guns are arranged in the inner center position of the throat section.

In some embodiments, the quenching section adopts two-stage quenching, wherein the one-stage quenching is high-pressure water atomization quenching and is used for entering the flue gas to carry out termination reaction; the secondary quenching is double-fluid atomization quenching and is used for controlling the smoke temperature protection equipment.

In some embodiments, the high-temperature raw oil heater comprises a square shell, wherein heating pipes are arranged in the square shell, and the heating pipe bundles are uniformly and orderly arranged in the square shell at equal intervals.

In some embodiments, the hot air outlet of the high-temperature air preheater is connected with the hot air inlet of the carbon black reaction furnace system through a hot air pipeline, wherein the hot air pipeline adopts an integrated structure lined with refractory bricks.

In some embodiments, the throat section is made of heat-resistant alloy steel, and a water cooling system is arranged outside the throat section.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

(1) The main air supply system of the utility model adopts the frequency conversion control, the original air can be closed, the ineffective operation is reduced, the air quantity operation is linear operation, the adjustment precision is enhanced, and the fluctuation is reduced; the high-temperature air preheater can increase the preheating temperature of the high-temperature air to 950 ℃, can bring more heat in the flue gas into a combustion system, and reduces the cost; the waste heat recoverer improves the wall temperature of the heat exchange tube by improving the steam pressure, reduces the problem that the heat transfer efficiency is influenced by the ash hanging caused by the reduction of the wall temperature, even the carbon black cannot be produced continuously, ensures the stability of a production system and the recovered steam, reduces the maintenance times such as starting and stopping, and prolongs the service life of equipment; the air distributor is arranged in the combustion section of the carbon black reaction furnace system, so that hot air passing through the air distributor and fuel gas are uniformly mixed, the contact surface is increased, the excess oxygen coefficient is reduced, the reaction consumption of raw oil is reduced, the oil temperature of the raw oil is improved, the viscosity can be reduced, the atomization effect is improved, the uniformity and the stability of the reaction are improved, and the novel carbon black reaction system achieves the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

(2) The utility model discloses the burning section of carbon black reacting furnace system still sets up the automatic heating system, and the automatic heating system includes automatic fire lighter and flame monitor, from the production of throwing oil of lighting a fire of reacting furnace, can realize on-the-spot unmanned operation, and the burning condition in the reacting furnace passes through flame monitor automated inspection, realizes putting out a fire and reports to the police, overtemperature superpressure interlocking etc. not only makes production system more intelligent, convenient to reduce the operational risk, improved operational safety nature.

(3) The utility model discloses the choke section of carbon black reacting furnace system has set up radial oil gun and axial oil gun simultaneously, makes raw oil and high temperature flue gas carry out abundant contact, and the reaction is even stable, has reduced the manufacturing cost of carbon black, improves the stability of product quality and productivity.

(4) The utility model discloses carbon black reacting furnace system's quench zone adopts the two-stage rapid cooling, through the hierarchical control of rapid cooling squirt for one-to-one control reduces interference factor, has increased the stability of control.

(5) The utility model discloses a high temperature raw oil heater adopts square shell structure, and heating pipe bundle is equidistant even orderly arrangement inside square shell, and above-mentioned structure can make carbon black flue gas distribute evenly, and raw oil is even with the contact surface of carbon black flue gas, avoids the bias flow, has reduced the coal tar because of negative effects such as coking that local high temperature brought, makes the production and the product quality of carbon black more steady.

(6) The utility model discloses a throat section material is heat-resisting alloy steel, effectively avoids causing the laryngeal opening to warp because of high temperature high velocity of flow erodees and needs to carry out frequent change, causes the carbon black quality undulant and examines the more problem of maintenance number of times, and has reduced the spare parts cost.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art combustion section;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art throat section;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a preheater for a raw carbon black oil according to the prior art;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel carbon black reaction system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon black reactor system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a throat section according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross section of a high-temperature raw oil heater according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the drawings: 1. the device comprises a main air supply fan system, a carbon black reaction furnace system, a hot air inlet 202, a fuel gas inlet 203, an air distributor 204, a combustion section 205, a throat section 206, a reaction section 207, a quenching section 208, a vaporization section 209, a radial oil gun 210, an axial oil gun 3, a high-temperature air preheater 4, a waste heat recoverer 5, a high-temperature raw oil heater 501, a shell 502 and a heating pipe.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The use of the terms "a" and "an" and "the" and similar referents in the context of describing the invention are not to be construed as limiting the number of times it is recited, either in the singular or the plural. The present invention relates to the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having" and any variations thereof, and is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "connected," "coupled," and the like in the description may not be limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The utility model relates to a "a plurality of" means two or more. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, as referred to herein, merely distinguish similar objects and do not denote a particular ordering of objects.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a novel carbon black reaction system, figure 4 is according to the utility model discloses novel carbon black reaction system's of embodiment structural schematic diagram. Referring to fig. 4, the novel carbon black reaction system comprises at least: the system comprises a main air supply fan system 1, a carbon black reaction furnace system 2, a high-temperature air preheater 3, a waste heat recoverer 4 and a high-temperature raw oil heater 5. Wherein, the main air supply system 1 is used for providing combustion-supporting air required by the combustion of the raw oil in the carbon black reaction furnace. The main air supply fan system 1 adopts variable frequency control, has small starting current and can avoid impact on a power grid; the air quantity control precision is high, and the air quantity fluctuation is small; the rotating speed of the fan is low, and the maintenance quantity of rotating parts such as bearings is small; no excess air is diffused, and the power consumption is low.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a carbon black reacting furnace system 2, including burning section 204, choke section 205, reaction section 206, quench section 207 and vaporization section 208, wherein, burning section 204 is kept away from the top of choke section 205 one end and is set up hot-air inlet 201, be connected with high-temperature air preheater 3's hot-air outlet, its front end sets up fuel gas import 202, hot-air gets into air distributor 203 that the inside cavity of burning section 204 set up through hot-air pipes, mix the burning with the inside fuel gas that gets into burning section 204, the area of contact and the probability of the two have been strengthened, make the burning of fuel gas abundant, combustion temperature is higher, flame temperature is more even, the reaction is more thorough, the conversion rate is higher, the carbon black particle diameter is littleer, the molecule particle is more even, the color strength is higher, thereby make product quality more stable. The combustion section 204 is also provided with an automatic temperature rising system which is connected with a DCS sequential control program, and computer control can be realized from purging, leakage detection, ignition, low temperature rising, medium temperature rising and heat load to normal production. The flow meter regulating valve group is arranged in a fuel gas pipe network, and the flow of the fuel gas is regulated according to a program given by DCS so that the fuel gas automatically enters each stage of carbon black production, such as an ignition stage, a low temperature rise stage, a medium temperature rise stage, a high temperature rise stage and a production stage. The automatic heating system comprises an automatic igniter and a flame monitor, the central control is periodically confirmed according to the computer process, normal production can be achieved, the automatic igniter located in the combustion section is connected into the DCS sequential control system, the flame monitor arranged on the front end plate of the reaction furnace can detect the ignition condition in the reaction furnace in real time, the field operation of operators is not needed, the flame combustion condition can be checked from the fire observation mirror, intelligent control is achieved, and the automatic heating system is simple and convenient to operate, safe and reliable.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a carbon black reacting furnace system 2's choke section 205 adopts metal casing, use heat-resisting alloy steel preparation, its outside is equipped with water cooling system, can continuously absorb the heat of metal choke, stabilize its metal material's physical properties, resistant living high temperature and high velocity air's washing away, guarantee that the size of choke is indeformable, the life of choke has not only been prolonged, and avoided carbon black reaction granularity to present inhomogeneous change, the stability of carbon black quality has been guaranteed, the number of times that the carbon black frequently opened the parking and overhauls has been reduced. In order to avoid the problems that high-temperature flue gas cannot be in full contact with raw oil, so that the reaction is not uniform, the reaction efficiency is reduced, and the carbon black particles generated are not uniform, the product quality is poor, the indexes such as the coloring strength and nitrogen adsorption are low, the throat section 205 is provided with a plurality of radial oil guns 209 along the circumferential direction, and an axial oil gun 210 is further arranged at the inner center position of the throat section, so that the raw oil is in full contact with the high-temperature flue gas by using the radial oil guns 209 and the axial oil guns 210 simultaneously, the contact probability is improved, the reaction is uniform, the reaction efficiency and the product quality are improved, and the unit consumption of the raw oil of the carbon black is reduced.

Adopt 4-8 about 1.2 MPa's water to carry out the rapid cooling with traditional reacting furnace quench section, atomize through the water nozzle through the pressure that improves water and get into the carbon black flue gas, it is different to make it stop the reaction and reach the purpose of protective apparatus air preheater simultaneously, the utility model discloses carbon black reacting furnace's quench section 207 adopts the two-stage rapid cooling, and the one-level rapid cooling atomizes through the high pressure water and stops the reaction in getting into the flue gas, and control flue gas temperature protective apparatus in the two-fluid atomization gets into the flue gas for the second grade rapid cooling, and the two-stage rapid cooling has realized stopping reaction and protective apparatus's hierarchical control, has avoided interference and mutual influence, improves the stability of carbon black production, and moreover, the two-fluid atomization makes the fog drop of water littleer more even, and the vaporization effect is better, makes the rear portion system of reacting furnace not have water to produce to reacting furnace and rear portion system equipment have been protected.

The carbon black industry has been pursuing high air temperatures, higher heat can be recovered from the carbon black reaction temperature, the input cost of fuel is reduced, high-temperature air can be rapidly expanded and rapidly mixed with air, an excess air system is reduced, the primary combustion rate is improved, the oxygen content in carbon black smoke entering a throat pipe section is reduced, the surface of carbon black particles is less corroded by oxygen, the surface smoothness of the carbon black particles is improved, the surface activity of the carbon black particles is increased, and the quality of the carbon black is improved; in addition, the excess oxygen is reduced, the reaction of the feedstock oil is reduced, the yield is improved, and the cost is reduced. For traditional carbon black production air heater's air temperature be 750 ℃ -850 ℃, the utility model discloses a high temperature air heater 3, preheating temperature can improve to 950 ℃, increases the helping hand for carbon black reaction system. The lower extreme of high temperature air heater 3 is connected through the flue with the rear end of carbon black reaction furnace system 2, its cold wind import is connected with main air supply machine system 1, its high temperature hot-air outlet is connected through hot-blast main with the hot-air inlet 201 of carbon black reaction furnace system 2, and hot-blast main adopts the resistant integrated structure of firebrick of inside lining, not only reduced the heat waste, can also avoid traditional hot-blast main to pass through the air leakage phenomenon that flange joint brought, stop the hot-air and reveal. The upper end of the waste heat recoverer 4 is connected with the upper end of the high-temperature air preheater (3), and the wall temperature of a heat exchange tube of the waste heat recoverer 4 is improved by improving the steam pressure, so that the dust deposition of the heat exchange tube caused by carbon black wall hanging is reduced, the production system and the recovery steam stability are ensured, and the times of starting and stopping are reduced. The front end of the high-temperature raw oil heater 5 is connected with one end of the waste heat recoverer 4, the rear end of the high-temperature raw oil heater is fed into a main bag system at the rear part of the carbon black production, and a carbon black raw oil outlet of the high-temperature raw oil heater is connected with one end of the carbon black reaction furnace system 2. The high-temperature raw oil heater 5 adopts a square shell structure, and the heating pipe 502 bundles arranged in the shell 501 are uniformly distributed at equal intervals, so that the carbon black smoke is uniformly distributed, the heat transfer coefficient is enhanced, and the heating temperature of the raw oil is increased by 50-100 ℃ compared with the raw oil heater with a general circular shell structure.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A novel carbon black reaction system is characterized in that: comprises that

The main air supply fan system (1) adopts frequency conversion control;

the high-temperature air preheater (3) is connected with the main air supply system (1) through a cold air inlet;

the upper end of the waste heat recoverer (4) is connected with the upper end of the high-temperature air preheater (3);

the front end of the high-temperature raw oil heater (5) is connected with the lower end of the waste heat recoverer (4);

carbon black reacting furnace system (2), the carbon black raw oil exit linkage of its front end and high temperature raw oil heater (5), its rear end passes through the flue with the lower extreme of high temperature air heater (3) and is connected, including combustion section (204), choke section (205), reaction section (206), quench zone (207) and vaporization section (208), wherein, one end top that throat section (205) were kept away from in combustion section (204) sets up hot-air inlet (201), its front end sets up fuel gas import (202), set up air distributor (203) in it, be used for hot-air and fuel gas misce bene.

2. The novel carbon black reaction system of claim 1, wherein: the combustion section (204) is provided with an automatic heating system, wherein the automatic heating system is connected with a DCS sequential control program.

3. The novel carbon black reaction system of claim 2, wherein: the automatic temperature rising system comprises an automatic igniter and a flame monitor, wherein the automatic igniter is connected with a DCS sequence control program, and the flame monitor is arranged on a front end plate of the carbon black reaction furnace system (2).

4. The novel carbon black reaction system of claim 1, wherein: the throat section (205) is provided with a plurality of radial oil guns (209) along the circumferential direction, and the axial oil guns (210) are arranged at the inner center position.

5. The novel carbon black reaction system of claim 1, wherein: the quenching section (207) adopts two-stage quenching, wherein the first-stage quenching is high-pressure water atomization quenching and is used for entering the flue gas to carry out termination reaction; the secondary quenching is double-fluid atomization quenching and is used for controlling the smoke temperature protection equipment.

6. The novel carbon black reaction system of claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature raw oil heater (5) comprises a square shell (501), wherein a heating pipe (502) is arranged in the square shell, and the heating pipe (502) is uniformly and orderly arranged in the square shell (501) at equal intervals.

7. The novel carbon black reaction system of claim 1, wherein: the hot air outlet of the high-temperature air preheater (3) is connected with the hot air inlet (201) of the carbon black reaction furnace system (2) through a hot air pipeline, wherein the hot air pipeline adopts a lining refractory brick integrated structure.

8. The novel carbon black reaction system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the throat section (205) is made of heat-resistant alloy steel, and a water cooling system is arranged outside the throat section.

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