CN217035643U - Display module and display device - Google Patents
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- CN217035643U CN217035643U CN202122807885.4U CN202122807885U CN217035643U CN 217035643 U CN217035643 U CN 217035643U CN 202122807885 U CN202122807885 U CN 202122807885U CN 217035643 U CN217035643 U CN 217035643U
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Abstract
本公开涉及显示技术领域，公开了一种显示模组及显示装置；该显示模组包括显示面板、单向透光结构、遮光层及光传感器；显示面板具有显示面和非显示面；单向透光结构设于显示面板的靠近非显示面的一侧，单向透光结构能够透过从显示面一侧射入的光线，阻挡从背离显示面一侧射入的光线；遮光层设于显示面板的靠近非显示面的一侧，遮光层上设置有过孔，过孔在显示面板上的正投影位于单向透光结构在显示面板上的正投影之内；光传感器设于单向透光结构的远离显示面板的一侧，且位于遮光层的远离显示面板的一侧或位于过孔内，光传感器在显示面板上的正投影与第一过孔在显示面板上的正投影有交叠。该显示模组避免影响薄膜晶体管，避免影响显示画质。
The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and discloses a display module and a display device; the display module includes a display panel, a one-way light transmission structure, a light shielding layer and a light sensor; the display panel has a display surface and a non-display surface; The light-transmitting structure is arranged on the side of the display panel close to the non-display surface, and the unidirectional light-transmitting structure can pass the light entering from the side of the display surface and block the light entering from the side away from the display surface; the light shielding layer is arranged on the side of the display surface. On the side of the display panel close to the non-display surface, the light-shielding layer is provided with a via hole, and the orthographic projection of the via hole on the display panel is located within the orthographic projection of the one-way light-transmitting structure on the display panel; the light sensor is arranged on the one-way The side of the light-transmitting structure away from the display panel is located on the side of the light shielding layer away from the display panel or in the via hole, and the orthographic projection of the light sensor on the display panel is the same as the orthographic projection of the first via hole on the display panel. overlap. The display module avoids affecting the thin film transistor and avoiding affecting the display image quality.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display module and a display device comprising the same.
Background
At present, based on the full-screen trend of a display device, a back component of a display module is arranged in a non-display area, and the arrangement space becomes very limited; therefore, placement of the back assembly on the display area is an unavoidable option. Further, a design that can automatically adjust a true tone and a night shift mode according to ambient light in order to achieve an optimal adaptation condition for the eyes and achieve dynamic adjustment of power consumption of a display device is also favored by customers, and it is necessary to implement the above functions by installing an optical sensor.
However, the arrangement of the photosensor in the display region affects the characteristics of the thin film transistor, and ultimately, the display image quality.
It is noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present disclosure is directed to overcome the defects of the prior art that affect the characteristics of the thin film transistor, and provides a display module that does not affect the characteristics of the thin film transistor, and a display device including the display module.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a display module including:
the display panel is provided with a display surface and a non-display surface which are oppositely arranged;
the shading layer is arranged on one side, close to the non-display surface, of the display panel, and a through hole is formed in the shading layer;
the one-way light-transmitting structure is arranged on one side, close to the non-display surface, of the display panel, can transmit light rays incident from one side of the display surface and block the light rays incident from one side, away from the display surface, and the orthographic projection of the via hole on the display panel is positioned in the orthographic projection of the one-way light-transmitting structure on the display panel;
the optical sensor is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the one-way light-transmitting structure and located on one side, far away from the display panel, of the light shielding layer or located in the through hole, and the orthographic projection of the optical sensor on the display panel is overlapped with the orthographic projection of the first through hole on the display panel.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the unidirectional light transmission structure includes:
a base layer;
the first columns are arranged on one side, close to the display panel, of the substrate layer;
and the second cylinders are correspondingly arranged on one sides of the first cylinders close to the display panel, and the second cylinders are made of metal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the base layer includes: a flat plate portion provided in a flat plate shape.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the base layer further comprises:
the plurality of protruding parts are arranged on one side, far away from the first column, of the flat plate part, protrude towards one side, far away from the first column, and are of ball-segment structures or ellipsoid-segment structures.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the base layer and the first pillars are made of transparent inorganic materials, and the second pillars are made of metal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the height of the first pillars is 480nm, and the radius of the first pillars is 180 nm; the height of the second cylinder is 75nm, and the radius of the second cylinder is 180 nm; the distance between two adjacent first pillars is 600nm, and the thickness of the substrate layer is 1000 nm.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the unidirectional light-transmitting structure includes:
a base layer;
the dielectric layer is arranged on one side, close to the display panel, of the substrate layer, a heterogeneous interface is formed between the substrate layer and the dielectric layer, an included angle between the heterogeneous interface and one surface, far away from the display panel, of the one-way light-transmitting structure is an acute angle, and the refractive index of the dielectric layer is larger than that of the substrate layer.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of first through holes are provided on the base layer, and a central axis of the first through holes is parallel to the display surface.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of second through holes are disposed on the dielectric layer, and a central axis of the second through holes is parallel to the display surface.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the acute angle is 45 degrees.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the substrate layer is Si, and the material of the dielectric layer is SiO 2.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the unidirectional light-transmitting structure is disposed between the display panel and the light-shielding layer, and the light sensor is disposed in the through hole; or the one-way light-transmitting structure is arranged in the through hole; or the unidirectional light-transmitting structure is arranged between the light shielding layer and the light sensor.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a display device including: the display module assembly of any one of the above.
The display module comprises a one-way light-transmitting structure, wherein the one-way light-transmitting structure can transmit light rays incident from one side of a display surface and block the light rays incident from one side deviating from the display surface; the optical sensor can receive light rays emitted from one side of the display surface of the display panel, and the optical sensor can adjust the display panel in real time according to the received light rays so as to display a real color tone and a night vision mode; and moreover, the light emitted from one side departing from the display surface can be prevented from being emitted to the thin film transistor of the display panel, and photoinduced carriers are prevented from being generated, so that the influence on the characteristics of the thin film transistor is avoided, and the display image quality of the display panel is further prevented from being influenced.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a display module.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of fig. 1 along section line B-B.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure in fig. 2 for generating photo carriers.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a display module according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second exemplary embodiment of the unidirectional light transmission structure in fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a comparison diagram of the forward light transmittance and the directional light transmittance of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure in fig. 7.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a third exemplary embodiment of the unidirectional light transmission structure in fig. 4.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth exemplary embodiment of the unidirectional light transmission structure in fig. 4.
Description of the reference numerals:
1. a display panel; 11. a back film; 12. a base substrate; 13. an active layer; 14. a gate electrode; 15. a photo-induced carrier;
2. a one-way light-transmitting structure; 2a, a one-way light-transmitting unit; 21. a base layer; 211. a flat plate portion; 212. a protrusion; 213. a first through hole; 22. a first column; 23. a second cylinder; 24. a dielectric layer; 241. a second through hole; 25. a heterogeneous interface;
3. a light-shielding layer; 31. a via hole;
4. a light sensor; 5. covering the plate.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Although relative terms, such as "upper" and "lower," may be used herein to describe one element of an icon relative to another, such terms are used herein for convenience only, e.g., with reference to the orientation of the example illustrated in the drawings. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon were turned upside down, the element described as "upper" would become the element "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via another structure.
The terms "a," "an," "the," "said," and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/parts/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not limiting on the number of their objects.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a dashed line frame in fig. 1 indicates an optical sensor 4, where the optical sensor 4 needs to collect ambient light from one side of a display surface of a display module, convert an optical signal into an electrical signal, and adjust the brightness of the display panel 1 according to the electrical signal; and because of the improvement of the screen occupation ratio, the optical sensor 4 needs to be placed under the display area of the display panel 1, and then a through hole 31 needs to be chiseled on the metal shading layer 3 on the back of the display panel 1 as a storage position of the optical sensor 4. The display panel 1 may include a back film 11, a base substrate 12 disposed on a side of the back film 11, an active layer 13 disposed on a side of the base substrate 12 away from the back film 11, and a gate electrode 14 disposed on a side of the active layer 13 away from the back film 11. Because the display module assembly can shine in through hole 31 at the assembling in-process ambient light, because the effect of photogenerated carrier can produce photoinduced carrier 15 at active layer 13 to arouse that the characteristic (mainly for threshold voltage) of the thin film transistor in this region changes, and produces the difference with characteristic on every side, cause when display panel 1 drive shows, through hole 31 regional bright spot and regional luminance in every side are inconsistent, thereby cause the influence to the picture quality, influence consumer's actual experience.
In the related art, a metal layer or an inorganic layer is added to the display panel 1, which can block a part of the ambient light from affecting the display device, but also interfere the light sensor 4 with the ambient light sensing, because the metal layer or the inorganic layer has a uniform characteristic expression for the two sides of the light.
The present disclosure provides a display module, as shown in fig. 4, the display module may include a display panel 1, a unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2, a light-shielding layer 3, and a light sensor 4; the display panel 1 has a display surface and a non-display surface which are oppositely arranged; the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 is arranged on one side, close to the non-display surface, of the display panel 1, and the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 can transmit light rays incident from one side of the display surface and block the light rays incident from one side far away from the display surface; the light shielding layer 3 is arranged on one side of the display panel 1 close to the non-display surface, a via hole 31 is arranged on the light shielding layer 3, and the orthographic projection of the via hole 31 on the display panel 1 is positioned in the orthographic projection of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 on the display panel 1; light sensor 4 locates keeping away from of one-way light-transmitting structure 2 one side of display panel 1 or being located in the via hole 31, and being located keeping away from of light shield layer 3 one side of display panel 1, light sensor 4 is in orthographic projection on the display panel 1 with first via hole 31 is in orthographic projection on the display panel 1 has the overlap.
According to the display module, the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 enables the light sensor 4 to receive light rays emitted from one side of the display surface of the display panel 1, and the light sensor 4 can adjust the display panel 1 in real time according to the received light rays so as to achieve a real color tone display mode and a night vision mode; moreover, light incident from the side away from the display surface can be prevented from being incident on the thin film transistor of the display panel 1, and the generation of photoinduced carriers 15 is avoided, so that the influence on the characteristics of the thin film transistor is avoided, and the influence on the display image quality of the display panel 1 is avoided.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the Display panel 1 may be an OLED (Organic Light Emitting semiconductor) Display panel 1, a QLED (Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes) Display panel 1, or the like; the display panel 1 has a display surface and a non-display surface, the display surface being disposed opposite to the non-display surface, and the display surface being capable of displaying a screen.
Taking the OLED display panel 1 as an example, the display panel 1 may include a substrate 12, a plurality of switch units disposed on one side of the substrate 12, the switch units being arranged in an array, the switch units including a gate 14, an active layer 13, a source, a drain, and the like; a first electrode, a pixel dielectric layer, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode are sequentially stacked on one side of the plurality of switching units away from the base substrate 12; the first electrode may be an anode electrically connected to the switching unit; the second electrode may be a cathode.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 is disposed on a side of the display panel 1 away from the display surface, that is, the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 is disposed on a side of the display panel 1 close to the non-display surface; the unidirectional light transmission structure 2 can transmit light incident from one side of the display surface and block light incident from one side away from the display surface.
The light shielding layer 3 is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel 1, of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2, the via hole 31 is arranged on the light shielding layer, an orthographic projection of the via hole 31 on the display panel 1 is located in an orthographic projection of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 on the display panel 1, that is, the orthographic projection of the via hole 31 on the display panel 1 is overlapped with the orthographic projection of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 on the display panel 1, or the orthographic projection of the via hole 31 on the display panel 1 is located inside the orthographic projection of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 on the display panel 1, that is, the orthographic projection of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 on the light shielding layer 3 completely covers the via hole 31. The unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 can prevent light from entering from the side deviating from the display surface.
The optical sensor 4 is disposed in the via hole 31, and the size of the optical sensor 4 may be the same as the size of the via hole 31 or smaller than the size of the via hole 31. A cover plate 5 is arranged on the side of the light sensor 4 facing away from the display panel 1, and the cover plate 5 is used for mounting and supporting the light sensor 4.
In addition, in other example embodiments of the present disclosure, the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 may be disposed in the via hole 31, in which case, an orthographic projection of the via hole 31 on the display panel 1 coincides with an orthographic projection of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 on the display panel 1, that is, a cross-sectional area of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 parallel to the display surface is the same as a cross-sectional area of the via hole 31 parallel to the display surface, that is, the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 shields the via hole 31 on the light-shielding layer 3, so that the light-shielding layer 3 forms a complete sheet-like structure. Arranging the optical sensor 4 on one side of the one-way light-transmitting structure 2 far away from the display panel 1; in case the via 31 is deep, the light sensor 4 may be located inside the via 31, and in case the via 31 is shallow, the light sensor 4 may be located outside the via 31.
Of course, the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 may also be disposed on a side of the light-shielding layer 3 away from the display panel 1, and the optical sensor 4 is disposed on a side of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 away from the display panel 1, that is, the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 is disposed between the light-shielding layer 3 and the optical sensor 4; the relationship between the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 and the via hole 31 is as follows: the orthographic projection of the via hole 31 on the display panel 1 is located within the orthographic projection of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 on the display panel 1, which has been explained in detail above, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted here.
The unidirectional light transmitting structure 2 is explained in detail below by means of three exemplary embodiments.
In the first example embodiment of the present disclosure, as illustrated with reference to fig. 5 and 6, the unidirectional light transmitting structure 2 may include a base layer 21, a plurality of first pillars 22, and a plurality of second pillars 23; the plurality of first pillars 22 are disposed on one side of the base layer 21 close to the display panel 1, and the plurality of first pillars 22 are uniformly arranged on one side of the base layer 21 close to the display panel 1; the second pillars 23 are correspondingly disposed on a side of the first pillars 22 close to the display panel 1, that is, one second pillar 23 is disposed on a side of one first pillar 22 close to the display panel 1.
The material of the first pillars 22 is the same as that of the base layer 21, and may be a transparent inorganic material, for example, SiOx (silicon oxide), specifically SiO 2; the second pillar 23 may be made of metal, for example, Ag (silver). Of course, the material of the first pillars 22 and the material of the base layer 21 may also be SiNx (silicon nitride), SiNO (silicon oxynitride), or the like; the second column 23 may be made of Pt (platinum), AL (aluminum), or the like. The material of first pillars 22 and the material of underlayer 21 may be different, for example, the material of first pillars 22 may be SiOx (silicon oxide), the material of underlayer 21 may be SiNx (silicon nitride), and other matching methods are not described herein.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the base layer 21 may include a flat plate portion 211, and the flat plate portion 211 is provided in a flat plate shape, that is, the thickness of the flat plate portion 211 is the same throughout. The thickness H of the underlayer 21 is 950nm or more and 1050nm or less, and may be 1000nm, for example.
The first cylinder 22 may be configured as a cylinder, the second cylinder 23 may also be configured as a cylinder, and the diameter Φ 1 of the first cylinder 22 may be the same as the diameter Φ 2 of the second cylinder 23. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the height H1 of the first pillars 22 is 460nm or more and 500nm or less, for example, 480 nm; the radius (Φ 1/2) of the first pillars 22 is 160nm or more and 200nm or less, and may be 180nm, for example; the height H2 of the second pillar 23 is 70nm or more and 80nm or less, for example, may be 75nm, and the radius (Φ 2/2) of the second pillar 23 is 160nm or more and 200nm or less, for example, may be 180 nm; the pitch P between two adjacent first pillars 22 is greater than or equal to 550nm and less than or equal to 650nm, and may be 600nm, for example.
It should be noted that the above values are only exemplary, and in other exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, the range of the above values may be changed; however, it is generally necessary to satisfy the following proportional relationship, the thickness H of the base layer 21: height H1 of first column 22: height H2 ≈ 200 of the second cylinder 23: 96: 15, diameter Φ of first cylinder 22: the distance P between two adjacent first pillars 22 is approximately equal to 0.3, the ratio of the height H1 of the first pillars 22 to the radius (Φ 1/2) of the first pillars 22 is greater than or equal to 2.2 and less than or equal to 2.8, and the ratio of the opaque area to the transparent area is approximately 3: 7.
In addition, in other example embodiments of the present disclosure, the diameter of the second cylinder 23 may be smaller than the diameter of the first cylinder 22. The first cylinder 22 may be a prism, the second cylinder 23 may be a prism, and the radial cross-sectional area of the first cylinder 22 is greater than or equal to the radial cross-sectional area of the second cylinder 23. In the case where the radial sectional area of the first cylinder 22 is the same as that of the second cylinder 23, the shape of the first cylinder 22 may be the same as that of the second cylinder 23. In the case where the radial sectional area of the first cylinder 22 is larger than that of the second cylinder 23, the shape of the first cylinder 22 may be different from that of the second cylinder 23.
Referring to fig. 5, the arrows indicate light rays, and the dotted lines indicate diffracted light rays, and light rays incident on the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 from the display surface side of the display panel 1 first enter the gap between the second pillar 23 made of metal and the second pillar 23. Since the radial cross section of the second columns 23 is much smaller than the area of the gap between the second columns 23, a small part of light rays are emitted to the second columns 23, the small part of light rays are reflected by the second columns 23 to generate reflected light rays, and the reflected light rays are diffracted; most of the light rays irradiate into the gaps between the second pillars 23, and all of the most of the light rays basically pass through the substrate layer 21, so that the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 achieves the purpose of forward light transmission, and few light rays can be diffracted. Through tests, the forward light transmittance of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 can be more than 70%.
Light rays emitted to the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 from the side, away from the display surface, of the display panel 1 first emit to the substrate layer 21, and at the interface between the substrate layer 21 and the first column 22, the light rays can be diffracted to generate diffracted light, most of the diffracted light can be blocked by the second column 23, so that the light rays cannot be emitted from the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2, and the purpose of reversely blocking light by the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 is achieved. Through tests, the reverse light transmittance of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 can be less than 10%, namely the reverse light-blocking rate can be more than 90%.
In the second example embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 7 and 8, a plurality of protruding portions 212 are provided on a side of the flat plate portion 211 away from the first column 22, and the plurality of protruding portions 212 are uniformly arranged on the side of the flat plate portion 211 away from the first column 22; the projection 212 projects to a side away from the first cylinder 22. The protruding portion 212 may be a segment structure or an ellipsoid structure, and the segment structure may be a hemisphere, a more hemisphere or a less hemisphere. The protrusion 212 may also be a semi-ellipsoid, and may also be a more or less semi-ellipsoid. The plurality of protrusions 212 may all be in a segment structure, or the plurality of protrusions 212 may all be in an ellipsoid segment structure; alternatively, the plurality of protrusions 212 may have a ball-and-socket structure. The other part is an ellipsoid defect structure.
The specific structure of the first column 22 and the second column 23 has been described in detail above, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted.
The radius R of the hemisphere may be equal to or greater than 950nm and equal to or less than 1050nm, and may be 1000nm, for example. The flat portion 211 is for connecting the plurality of protrusions 212, and has a negligible thickness relative to the radius of the hemisphere, i.e. the overall thickness of the base layer 21 is substantially the same as the radius of the hemisphere.
The light transmission principle and the light blocking principle of the unidirectional light transmission structure 2 in this exemplary embodiment are the same as those in the first exemplary embodiment, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted. The unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 in this exemplary embodiment can guide the generated diffracted light out of the base layer 21 better, and when the light is emitted from the protruding portion 212 to the air, total reflection is not easily generated; thus, the influence of additional diffraction/interference effects on the signal/intensity of the transmitted light is avoided; in the flat-plate-shaped base layer 21, however, due to the regularity of the shape, the intensity of transmitted light is greatly disturbed by internal diffracted light.
Referring to fig. 9, the forward transmittance and the reverse transmittance of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 for light with different wavelengths are different, but for light with the same wavelength, the forward transmittance is generally higher, and the reverse transmittance is also higher; the smaller the forward transmittance, the smaller the reverse transmittance. Visible light generally refers to the wavelength range: 390nm-780nm light. From fig. 9 it can be derived: the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 has obvious functions of forward transmission and reverse light blocking of visible light.
In a third example embodiment of the present disclosure, as illustrated with reference to fig. 10, the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 may include a base layer 21 and a dielectric layer 24; the dielectric layer 24 is arranged on one side of the substrate layer 21 close to the display panel 1, a heterogeneous interface 25 is formed between the substrate layer 21 and the dielectric layer 24, an included angle alpha between the heterogeneous interface 25 and one surface of the one-way light-transmitting structure 2 far away from the display panel 1 is an acute angle, and the refractive index of the dielectric layer 24 is greater than that of the substrate layer 21.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the substrate layer 21 perpendicular to the display surface is a right isosceles triangle, the cross-sectional shape of the dielectric layer 24 perpendicular to the display surface is also a right isosceles triangle, the hypotenuses of the two right isosceles triangles share, and extend in the direction parallel to the display surface to form the heterogeneous interface 25, and the included angle between the heterogeneous interface 25 and the side of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 away from the display panel 1 is 45 degrees. In addition, in other exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the cross-sectional shape of the substrate layer 21 perpendicular to the display surface may be a right trapezoid, the cross-sectional shape of the dielectric layer 24 perpendicular to the display surface may also be a right trapezoid, the oblique sides of the two right trapezoids are common, and the hetero interface 25 is formed to extend in a direction parallel to the display surface.
The material of the base layer 21 is Si, and the refractive index is about 3.42; the dielectric layer 24 is made of SiO2 and has a refractive index of about 1.45.
Referring to fig. 10, arrows in the figure indicate light rays, and the refractive index of the substrate layer 21 is greater than that of the medium layer 24, so that light rays emitted from the display surface side of the display panel 1 to the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 first emit to the medium layer 24 and then to the substrate layer 21, the light rays are emitted from a medium with a small refractive index to a medium with a large refractive index (i.e., from an optically thinner medium to an optically denser medium), the light rays are not totally reflected, and almost all light rays penetrate through the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 and are emitted to the optical sensor 4; so that the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 achieves the purpose of forward light transmission. Through tests, the forward light transmittance of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 can be more than 60%.
Light rays emitted to the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 from the side of the display panel 1 away from the display surface firstly emit to the substrate layer 21 and then emit to the dielectric layer 24, the light rays are emitted from a medium with a large refractive index to a medium with a small refractive index (namely emitted from an optically dense medium to an optically sparse medium), and the light rays can be totally reflected when the incident angle is larger than the critical angle.
The included angle between the heterogeneous interface 25 and the surface of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 away from the display panel 1 is set to be an acute angle, so that the incident angle of most of the light rays emitted from the substrate layer 21 to the dielectric layer 24 is larger than a critical angle, and the light rays are totally reflected and cannot be emitted to the dielectric layer 24, thereby achieving the purpose of reversely blocking the light of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2. Through tests, the reverse light transmittance of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 can be less than 0.6%, namely the reverse light-blocking rate can be more than 99.4%.
The critical angle θ c can be calculated from the following equation:
wherein n is2Is the refractive index of the medium of lower density, i.e. n2Is the refractive index of the dielectric layer 24; n is1Is the refractive index of the medium of higher density, i.e. n1Is the refractive index of the base layer 21.
N can be obtained by the above formula2/n11.45/3.42 ≈ 0.42, and θ c is about 25 °.
The angle value of the critical angle can be calculated through the refractive index of the dielectric layer 24 and the refractive index of the substrate layer 21, and the incident angle θ of the light is equal to the included angle α between the hetero interface 25 and the surface of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 far away from the display panel 1, and the total reflection can be generated only when the incident angle θ needs to be larger than the critical angle θ c, so that the included angle α between the hetero interface 25 and the display surface needs to be larger than the critical angle θ c.
Through numerous tests, when the included angle between the heterogeneous interface 25 and the surface of the one-way light-transmitting structure 2 away from the display panel 1 is 45 degrees, the ratio of the forward light transmittance to the reverse light blocking ratio is the largest.
In the present exemplary embodiment, a plurality of first through holes 213 are provided on the base layer 21, the central axis of the first through holes 213 is parallel to the display surface, the first through holes 213 may be circular through holes, and the diameter of the first through holes 213 is 120nm or more and 160nm or less, for example, may be 140 nm. The distance between two adjacent first vias 213 is greater than or equal to 950nm and less than or equal to 1010nm, and may be 980nm, for example. The first through hole 213 is filled with air, and the refractive index of the air is 1, which is smaller than the refractive index of the substrate layer 21, so that when the light beam is emitted from the substrate layer 21 to the through hole, a part of the light beam is also totally reflected, and the reverse light transmittance of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 is further reduced, that is, the reverse light-blocking rate of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 is improved. Of course, in other example embodiments of the present disclosure, the first through hole 213 may be an oval through hole, a square through hole, or the like.
In the present exemplary embodiment, a plurality of second through holes 241 are provided on the dielectric layer 24, the central axis of the second through holes 241 being parallel to the display surface, the central axis of the second through holes 241 being parallel to the central axis of the first through holes 213; the first via hole 213 may be a circular via hole, and the diameter of the first via hole 213 may be 120nm or more and 160nm or less, for example, 140 nm. The distance between two adjacent second through holes 241 is greater than or equal to 950nm and less than or equal to 1010nm, and may be 980nm, for example. The second through hole 241 is filled with air, and the refractive index of the air is 1, which is smaller than the refractive index of the dielectric layer 24, so that when the light rays are emitted from the dielectric layer 24 to the through hole, part of the light rays can be totally reflected, and the reverse light transmittance of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 is further reduced, that is, the reverse light blocking rate of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 is improved. Of course, in other example embodiments of the present disclosure, the second through hole 241 may be an elliptical through hole, a square through hole, or the like; also, the central axis of the second through hole 241 and the central axis of the first through hole 213 may not be parallel, i.e., the central axis of the second through hole 241 and the central axis of the first through hole 213 may intersect, as long as the central axis of the second through hole 241 is parallel to the display surface.
It should be noted that, in some other exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of first through holes 213 may be provided only on the substrate layer 21, or the plurality of second through holes 241 may be provided only on the dielectric layer 24.
Under the condition that the included angle alpha between the heterogeneous interface 25 and the surface of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 far away from the display panel 1 is large, the height of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 needs to be larger than or equal to the width of the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2, namely, under the condition that the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 meets the required width, the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 needs to be made thicker, but the display module has the requirement of being light and thin, and the unidirectional light-transmitting structure 2 cannot be made thicker.
Referring to fig. 11, a dotted line indicates a unidirectional light transmission structure 2 formed by one unidirectional light transmission unit 2a, in still other exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the unidirectional light transmission structure 2 may include a plurality of unidirectional light transmission units 2a, the plurality of unidirectional light transmission units 2a are sequentially arranged along a first direction, and the first direction is a width direction of the unidirectional light transmission structure 2, which satisfies a width requirement of the unidirectional light transmission structure 2. The unidirectional light transmitting unit 2a may include a base layer 21 and a dielectric layer 24. The detailed structure of the base layer 21 and the dielectric layer 24 has been described above, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted. The one-way light-transmitting unit 2a can be made thinner, and the requirement of the display module on thinning is met.
Based on the same inventive concept, the disclosed example embodiments provide a display device, which may include any one of the display modules described above. The detailed description of the specific structure of the display module is omitted here for brevity.
The specific type of the display device is not particularly limited, and any display device commonly used in the art may be used, specifically, for example, a mobile device such as a mobile phone, a wearable device such as a watch, a VR device, and the like.
It should be noted that, the display device includes other necessary components and components besides the display module, taking a display as an example, specifically, such as a housing, a circuit board, a power line, and the like, and those skilled in the art can supplement the display device accordingly according to the specific use requirements of the display device, and details are not described herein.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the display device provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present invention are the same as those of the display module provided by the above exemplary embodiment, and are not described herein again.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (13)
1. A display module, comprising:
the display panel is provided with a display surface and a non-display surface which are oppositely arranged;
the light shielding layer is arranged on one side, close to the non-display surface, of the display panel and is provided with a through hole;
the one-way light-transmitting structure is arranged on one side, close to the non-display surface, of the display panel, can transmit light rays incident from one side of the display surface and block the light rays incident from one side, away from the display surface, and the orthographic projection of the via hole on the display panel is positioned in the orthographic projection of the one-way light-transmitting structure on the display panel;
the optical sensor is arranged on one side of the display panel and located on one side of the light shielding layer, the light shielding layer is arranged on one side of the display panel or located in the through hole, and the optical sensor is in orthographic projection on the display panel and the through hole are in orthographic projection on the display panel to overlap.
2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein the one-way light-transmitting structure comprises:
a base layer;
the first columns are arranged on one side, close to the display panel, of the substrate layer;
and the second cylinders are correspondingly arranged on one sides of the first cylinders close to the display panel, and the second cylinders are made of metal.
3. The display module of claim 2, wherein the base layer comprises: a flat plate portion provided in a flat plate shape.
4. The display module of claim 3, wherein the base layer further comprises:
the plurality of protruding parts are arranged on one side, far away from the first cylinder, of the flat plate part, protrude towards one side, far away from the first cylinder, and are of a segment structure or an ellipsoid segment structure.
5. The display module according to claim 2, wherein the substrate layer and the first pillars are made of transparent inorganic materials.
6. The display module according to claim 2, wherein the height of the first pillar is 480nm, and the radius of the first pillar is 180 nm; the height of the second cylinder is 75nm, and the radius of the second cylinder is 180 nm; the distance between two adjacent first pillars is 600nm, and the thickness of the substrate layer is 1000 nm.
7. The display module according to claim 1, wherein the one-way light-transmitting structure comprises:
a base layer;
the dielectric layer is arranged on one side, close to the display panel, of the substrate layer, a heterogeneous interface is formed between the substrate layer and the dielectric layer, an included angle between the heterogeneous interface and one surface, far away from the display panel, of the one-way light-transmitting structure is an acute angle, and the refractive index of the dielectric layer is larger than that of the substrate layer.
8. The display module of claim 7, wherein the substrate layer is provided with a plurality of first through holes, and a central axis of the first through holes is parallel to the display surface.
9. The display module according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a plurality of second through holes are arranged on the dielectric layer, and a central axis of each second through hole is parallel to the display surface.
10. The display module of claim 7, wherein the acute angle is 45 degrees.
11. The display module of claim 7, wherein the substrate layer is made of Si, and the dielectric layer is made of SiO 2.
12. The display module of claim 1, wherein the one-way light-transmitting structure is disposed between the display panel and the light-shielding layer, and the light sensor is disposed in the through hole; or the one-way light-transmitting structure is arranged in the through hole; or the unidirectional light-transmitting structure is arranged between the light shielding layer and the light sensor.
13. A display device, comprising: the display module according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
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| CN202122807885.4U CN217035643U (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Display module and display device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116153194A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-05-23 | 云谷（固安）科技有限公司 | Cover plate, display module and manufacturing method thereof, and display device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116153194A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-05-23 | 云谷（固安）科技有限公司 | Cover plate, display module and manufacturing method thereof, and display device |
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