CN216427364U - Portable laser shock peening device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable laser shock strengthening device, which comprises a device base and a master controller, wherein a laser used for emitting pulse laser is arranged on the device base, a laser space transmission module is arranged at the output end of the laser, the laser space transmission module is arranged in a mechanical sealing element and comprises an optical isolator close to the output end of the laser and a focusing mirror group arranged along a light path, and the laser is emitted from the outlet end of the mechanical sealing element after being focused by the focusing mirror group; the device base is also provided with a mechanical arm for driving a laser beam output by a laser to move and a water feeding module for restraining plasma in the shock strengthening process, and the output end of the water feeding module is connected with the moving end of the mechanical arm and moves synchronously with a laser light path.

Description

A portable laser shock strengthening device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser strengthening treatment of metal surfaces, in particular to a portable laser impact strengthening device.

Background technique

Lasers are widely used in many fields due to their excellent characteristics. Among them, laser shock peening (LSP) technology is based on the interaction of high peak power (GW-level) nanosecond pulse laser with metal materials to generate high-pressure shock waves, which form residual compressive stress on the metal surface. , high-density dislocation and surface nanometerization, greatly improve its physical and mechanical properties, and significantly improve the fatigue resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of metal materials; as an advanced metal surface processing method, laser shock strengthening technology is used in aviation. The performance improvement of core components in aerospace and national defense, shipbuilding, nuclear industry, petrochemical, biomedical, rail transit, grid power and other fields is of great application value, and has been more and more widely used and developed.

With the gradual maturity and application of laser shock peening technology, the needs and requirements for multiple application scenarios of laser shock peening equipment are becoming more and more urgent. Limited by the level of laser technology and the limitations of laser transmission structure, the general processing efficiency of current laser shock peening equipment Low cost, high equipment maintenance cost, poor environmental adaptability, etc., seriously restrict the promotion and development of industrial application of laser shock strengthening. Especially in practical engineering applications, laser shock strengthening equipment is urgently needed to be strengthened and repaired at the processing and maintenance site, such as aircraft skin crack repair, skin hole strengthening, on-line repair of aero-engine foreign object damage, and ship steel plate welding. However, the current laser shock strengthening equipment is generally bulky, precise and expensive, poor mobility, inconvenient to carry, has high requirements for use environment and equipment maintenance, and cannot meet the requirements of on-site processing operations.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Technical purpose: Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing laser shock strengthening device, which is large in size, inconvenient to move and carry, and limited in application scenarios, the present invention discloses a lightweight, compact and modular design, which can be easily moved and transported as a whole. A portable laser shock hardening device that improves the adaptability of laser shock hardening equipment to processing application scenarios.

Technical scheme: In order to realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A portable laser shock strengthening device, comprising a device base and a general controller, a laser for emitting pulsed laser light is arranged on the device base, a laser space transmission module is arranged at the output end of the laser, and the laser space transmission module is provided with In the mechanical seal, there is an optical isolator near the output end of the laser, and a focusing lens group arranged along the optical path. After being focused by the focusing lens group, the laser is emitted from the exit end of the mechanical seal; a device base is also provided for driving The robotic arm that moves the laser beam output by the laser and the water supply module that constrains the plasma during the impact strengthening process. The output end of the water supply module is connected to the moving end of the robotic arm and moves synchronously with the laser light path. Both the laser and the water supply module are connected to the overall control The device is electrically connected, and the laser shock strengthening process is controlled by the master controller.

Preferably, the outlet end of the mechanical seal of the present invention is provided with a flexible optical fiber for laser transmission, the end of the flexible optical fiber is fixed on the mechanical arm, and a shaping focusing lens group connected with the end of the flexible optical fiber is set on the mechanical arm, which will remove the flexible optical fiber from the flexible optical fiber. The laser output from the fiber is focused on the surface of the workpiece to be processed.

Preferably, both ends of the flexible optical fiber of the present invention adopt a curved surface structure; the curved surface structure ensures a high damage threshold and improves the impact strengthening effect.

Preferably, the laser and the mechanical seal of the present invention are fixed on the moving end of the manipulator. During the laser shock strengthening, the manipulator drives the laser and the mechanical seal to move synchronously, and the laser and the mechanical seal are fixed on the manipulator. The use of flexible optical fibers for transmission simplifies the optical path transmission structure of the laser shock strengthening device of the whole machine, greatly improves the laser transmission efficiency, and is conducive to the realization of laser shock strengthening processing operations with multiple application scenarios.

Preferably, the mechanical seal of the present invention is provided with a reference light source for laser shock calibration and trajectory planning, and a reflector/spectroscope group for changing the optical path of the reference light source and the laser light path coaxially output from the exit end of the mechanical seal.

Preferably, the reference light source of the present invention adopts a laser rangefinder, and the reflection/beam splitter group is arranged at the rear end of the focusing lens group along the transmission direction of the laser light, and the beam of the laser rangefinder is reflected and split from the outlet of the mechanical seal. The end output is irradiated on the surface of the workpiece to be processed.

Preferably, the device base of the present invention includes a support plate, a suction-cup tripod is arranged below the support plate, and a telescopic rod for adjusting the height of the support plate is arranged between the suction-cup tripod and the support plate.

Preferably, the focusing lens group of the present invention adopts a high aberration lens group.

The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned portable laser shock strengthening device, comprising the steps of:

S01, fix the base of the device at the workpiece to be processed, turn on the master controller and the reference light source, and the master controller controls the movement of the mechanical arm so that the reference light source illuminates the beginning of the surface of the workpiece to be processed, and performs initial position positioning;

S02, then the master controller controls the movement of the robotic arm to plan the laser shock processing track, and returns to the starting point after the track planning is completed;

S03, then turn on the water supply module, adjust the water flow, and form a uniform thin water layer with a thickness of 0.5-1.5mm on the surface of the metal part to be processed;

S04, the laser is finally turned on, and the general controller controls the robotic arm to drive the output end of the laser light path to move according to the planned route of the track in step S02 to perform impact strengthening processing operations.

Preferably, in the step S04 of the present invention, the number of laser pulses at each laser shock strengthening position is greater than or equal to 50.

Beneficial effects: The portable laser shock-strengthening device and method of use provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

1. The portable laser shock strengthening device and the method of use of the present invention have strong applicability, simple and convenient use, and compact structure, which can realize multi-application scenarios, especially customer processing and maintenance sites to carry out high-efficiency laser shock strengthening processing operations.

2. The invention adopts a miniaturized wide-temperature all-solid-state laser, which increases the adaptability of outdoor application scenarios, and at the same time, the laser transmission part is integrally integrated in a closed mechanical structure, which improves the working safety and stability of the device.

3. The present invention adopts a long-distance flexible transmission structure of a flexible optical fiber, which is beneficial to realize the flexible laser shock strengthening processing operation of equipment with multiple application scenarios.

4. The present invention adopts the mechanical arm to directly grasp the laser and the laser transmission module, which not only realizes the six-dimensional dynamic adjustment of the output laser, but also simplifies the optical path transmission structure of the laser shock strengthening device of the whole machine, greatly improves the laser transmission efficiency, and is conducive to the realization of Equipped with laser shock processing operations for multiple application scenarios.

5. The suction cup-type tripod of the device base of the present invention is light in weight, occupies a small space, and can meet various types of plane and curved surface processing operations, thereby enhancing the scene applicability of the equipment.

6. The focusing lens group of the present invention is a high aberration lens group. The main purpose is to achieve a larger focal spot on the rear focal plane of the lens group. The advantage is that the pulsed laser is not easy to air breakdown, otherwise, the focusing point energy is slightly higher (>50mJ) It is easy to air breakdown.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that are required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art.

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the structure and optical path of a laser space transmission module of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the overall structure diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure and optical path of a laser space transmission module in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be more clearly and completely described below by means of a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the described embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a portable laser shock strengthening device provided by the present invention includes a device base 1 and a general controller 2, and a laser 3 for emitting pulsed lasers is arranged on the device base 1, A laser space transmission module is arranged at the output end of the laser 3, and the laser space transmission module is arranged in the mechanical seal 4, including an optical isolator 5 close to the output end of the laser, and a focusing mirror group 6 arranged along the optical path. The focusing mirror group 6 The high aberration lens group is used, and the main purpose is to achieve a larger focal spot on the rear focal plane of the lens group. The advantage is that the pulsed laser is not easy to air breakdown. After focusing, the focusing lens group 6 is emitted from the outlet end of the mechanical seal 4; the device base 1 is also provided with a mechanical arm 7 for driving the laser beam output by the laser 3 to move and a water supply module for constraining the plasma during the impact strengthening process. 8. The output end of the water supply module 8 is connected to the moving end of the mechanical arm 7 and moves synchronously with the laser light path. The laser 3 and the water supply module 8 are both electrically connected to the master controller 2, which controls the laser shock strengthening process.

In the present invention, the components for optical path transmission are arranged in the mechanical seal 4, which is convenient for overall carrying and movement, and improves the safety and stability of the device. In a specific embodiment, the outlet end of the mechanical seal 4 is provided with For the flexible optical fiber 9 for laser transmission, the end of the flexible optical fiber 9 is fixed on the manipulator 7, and the shaping focusing lens group 10 connected with the end of the flexible optical fiber 9 is arranged on the manipulator 7, and the laser output from the flexible optical fiber 9 is focused on the waiting point. The surface of the workpiece is processed; the flexible optical fiber 9 is a large-mode field multi-mode transmission optical fiber, which can realize high-efficiency and long-distance flexible transmission of laser light. Metal armor; the shaping and focusing lens group focuses the laser output from the flexible optical fiber on the surface of the workpiece to be processed.

A reference light source 11 for laser shock calibration and trajectory planning is arranged in the mechanical seal 4 of the present invention, and a reflection/beam splitter for changing the optical path of the reference light source 11 and the laser light path coaxially output from the outlet end of the mechanical seal 4 Group 12, as shown in Figure 2, the light-emitting direction of the reference light source 11 is perpendicular to the direction of the optical path of the laser light, and the reflecting/beam splitting mirror group 12 is tilted to which the laser light path is, and the light emitted from the reference light source 11 is reflected to make it and the laser light. The optical path is coaxially output, the reference light is used to plan the processing track, and the planning is carried out in advance before the actual laser shock strengthening. There is no need to use 3D scanning, the complexity of the equipment is reduced, and it can better meet the mobile and portable needs of outdoor operations.

In order to improve the environmental adaptability of the laser 3, a portable wide-temperature all-solid-state laser can be used. The laser is suitable for outdoor operation in a wide temperature range from -50°C to 60°C, with self-protection function, adjustable operating frequency of 1-100Hz, and output pulse energy of 100-1000mJ , the pulse width half-height full-width FWHM5-10ns.

The device base 1 of the present invention includes a support plate 13, a suction-cup type tripod 14 is arranged below the support plate 13, and a telescopic rod 15 for adjusting the height of the support plate 13 is arranged between the suction-cup type tripod 14 and the support plate 13, which is convenient for storage , When in use, the suction cup tripod 14 can effectively support and fix the whole device, and the mechanical arm 7 adopts a six-axis mechanical arm, which can adjust the output end of the laser light path in all directions to meet the strengthening needs of the workpiece.

The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned portable laser shock strengthening device, comprising the steps of:

S01. Fix the base of the device on the workpiece to be processed, turn on the general controller and the reference light source, the reference light source outputs visible light, and transmits it to the workpiece to be processed through the flexible optical fiber, and the general controller controls the movement of the mechanical arm so that the reference light source illuminates the workpiece to be processed. At the beginning of the workpiece surface, the initial position positioning is carried out;

S02, then the master controller controls the movement of the manipulator to carry out the laser shock strengthening processing track planning with the guidance of the output light of the reference light source, and returns to the starting point after the track planning is completed;

S03, then turn on the water supply module, adjust the water flow, and form a uniform thin water layer with a thickness of 0.5-1.5mm on the surface of the metal part to be processed;

S04, the laser is finally turned on, and the general controller controls the robotic arm to drive the output end of the laser light path to move according to the planned route of the track in step S02 to perform impact strengthening processing operations.

In step S04, the number of laser pulses at each laser shock strengthening position is greater than or equal to 50 to ensure that a sufficiently deep residual compressive stress layer is formed on the surface of the metal part to be processed. Another area to be processed.

The specific parameters of this embodiment are as follows:

The main controller 2 is an 8-inch industrial tablet computer with built-in laser control software and robotic arm control software, the overall size is 23cm×18cm×5cm, and the total weight is 2kg; the laser 3 is a wide-temperature laser with a center wavelength of 1064nm, and the wide-temperature working environment- 50°C to 60°C, working frequency 50Hz, output energy 500mJ, pulse width 6ns, overall size 70×80×150, total weight 2kg; overall size of laser space transmission module 3 is 80×90×200, total weight 2kg, of which light The isolator 5 is a Ф12mm isolator, the overall size is 75×80×90, and the total weight is 0.25kg. The reflector/beamsplitter group 12 is a rectangular lens with 1064nm high transmission@45°&632.8nm high reflection@45°, size 20×30 ×5, the focusing lens group 6 is a 2x focusing lens group, the overall size is 60mm long, the dimensions of the two lenses are Ф12.7×3mm, Ф25×4mm, the reference light source 11 is a 635nm laser, the size is Ф11×40mm; mechanical seal 4 is a high-strength aluminum alloy mechanical part, the overall size is 85×90×200, and the weight is 0.25kg; the total size of the flexible optical fiber 9 is Ф10×5m, the fiber length is 4.85m, the diameter is 1.5mm, the outer metal armor is covered, and the shape of the plastic focusing lens group 10 The size is Ф25×0.15m, the device base 1 is a suction cup tripod base, the total weight is 5kg, the unfolded dimensions are 50cm×50cm×40cm, and the total weight of the six-axis robotic arm is 10kg; the overall dimensions of the water supply module 6 are 30cm×30cm×20cm. Weight 4kg.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the present invention also provides a portable laser shock strengthening device that is more compact in structure than Embodiment 1, and is easy to carry and store. In this embodiment, the laser 3 and the mechanical seal 4 It is fixed on the moving end of the robotic arm 7. During the laser shock strengthening, the robotic arm 7 drives the laser 3 and the mechanical seal 4 to move synchronously. The robotic arm is used to directly grasp the laser and the laser transmission module, which not only realizes the six-dimensional dynamic of the output laser The optical path transmission structure of the laser shock strengthening device of the whole machine is adjusted and simplified, which greatly improves the laser transmission efficiency, and is beneficial to realize the laser shock strengthening processing operation of the equipment in multiple application scenarios.

Since there is no flexible optical fiber for transmission, in order to facilitate the calibration of the reference light, a laser rangefinder is used as the reference light source 11 in this embodiment. After the beam of the rangefinder is reflected and split, the output from the outlet end of the mechanical seal 4 is irradiated onto the surface of the workpiece to be processed; the specific optical path principle is shown in Figure 4, the output optical path direction of the laser rangefinder is parallel to the output direction of the laser 3 , using two sets of mutually parallel reflection/beamsplitter groups 12, after two reflections, the output optical path of the laser range finder and the optical path of the laser 3 are coaxially output, and the laser impact distance is calibrated by the laser range finder and displayed in real time. Working distance and position, easy to control the movement of the robotic arm.

In order to ensure the measurement accuracy of the laser rangefinder, the focusing lens group 6 of the present invention is arranged before the reflection/beam splitter group 12, so that the optical path distance will not be affected by focusing, so as to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results and the processing quality of the workpiece.

The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned portable laser shock strengthening device, comprising the steps of:

S01. Fix the base of the device on the workpiece to be processed, turn on the master controller and the laser range finder, the laser range finder displays the working distance and position in real time, and the master controller controls the movement of the mechanical arm so that the laser range finder is irradiated to the workpiece to be processed. At the beginning of the workpiece surface, the initial position positioning is carried out;

S02, then the master controller controls the movement of the robotic arm to plan the laser shock processing track, and returns to the starting point after the track planning is completed;

S03, then turn on the water supply module, adjust the water flow, and form a uniform thin water layer with a thickness of 0.5-1.5mm on the surface of the metal part to be processed;

S04, the laser is finally turned on, and the general controller controls the robotic arm to drive the output end of the laser light path to move according to the planned route of the track in step S02 to perform impact strengthening processing operations.

In step S04, the number of laser pulses at each laser shock strengthening position is greater than or equal to 50 to ensure that a sufficiently deep residual compressive stress layer is formed on the surface of the metal parts to be processed. After the laser shock strengthening operation is completed, the device base is moved. Go to another metal surface area to be processed, repeat the above steps to carry out the laser shock strengthening processing operation of the next metal surface area to be processed

The specific parameters of this embodiment are as follows:

The device base 1 is a high-strength aluminum alloy base, the size of the support plate 13 is 35cm×25cm×1.5cm, the suction cup tripod 14 has a retracted length of 15cm, a maximum stretched length of 45cm, and a total weight of 3kg; the total controller 2 is 8-inch industrial tablet computer, built-in laser control software and robotic arm control software, external dimensions 23cm×18cm×5cm, total weight 2kg; laser 3 is a wide temperature laser with a center wavelength of 1064nm, wide temperature working environment -50 ℃ to 60 ℃, The working frequency is 1-100Hz, the output energy is 10-1000mJ, the pulse width is 6ns, the overall size is 90×80×150, and the total weight is 2kg; the overall size of the laser transmission module is 90×80×200, the total weight is 2kg, and the optical isolator 5 is Ф12mm Isolator, overall size 65×70×90, total weight 0.25kg, focusing lens group 6 is a plano-convex focusing lens, Ф25×5mm, focal length f=600mm, reflection/beam splitter group 12 is 1064nm high transmittance@45°&635nm high Reverse @45° long strip lens, size 20×30×5, laser rangefinder output ranging light center wavelength 635nm, size 20×35×70mm; mechanical seal 4 high-strength aluminum alloy mechanical parts, overall size 90 ×80×200, weight 0.25kg; robot arm 7 is a six-axis robot arm with a total weight of 12kg; water supply module 6 has a total weight of 3kg.

Experiment verification and research analysis show that the present invention can realize the safe, reliable, compact and multi-application scenario processing operation of laser shock reinforced equipment, and at the same time has the ability to carry and carry, and has good use value and application prospect.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A portable laser shock peening device is characterized by comprising a device base (1) and a master controller (2), wherein a laser (3) used for emitting pulse laser is arranged on the device base (1), a laser space transmission module is arranged at the output end of the laser (3), the laser space transmission module is arranged in a mechanical sealing element (4) and comprises an optical isolator (5) close to the output end of the laser and a focusing mirror group (6) arranged along a light path, and the laser is focused by the focusing mirror group (6) and then emitted out of the outlet end of the mechanical sealing element (4); still set up arm (7) that the laser beam that is used for driving laser instrument (3) output removed and restraint water feeding module (8) of plasma at shock peening in-process on device base (1), the output of water feeding module (8) is connected and moves in step with the laser light path with the removal end of arm (7), laser instrument (3) and water feeding module (8) all are connected with total controller (2) electricity, by total controller (2) control laser shock peening process.

2. A portable laser shock peening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exit end of the mechanical seal (4) is provided with a flexible optical fiber (9) for transmitting laser, the end of the flexible optical fiber (9) is fixed on the mechanical arm (7), and the mechanical arm (7) is provided with a shaping and focusing lens group (10) communicated with the end of the flexible optical fiber (9) for focusing the laser output from the flexible optical fiber (9) on the surface of the workpiece to be machined.

3. A portable laser shock peening apparatus according to claim 2, wherein both ends of the flexible optical fiber (9) adopt a curved surface structure.

4. The portable laser shock peening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the laser (3) and the mechanical seal (4) are fixed at a moving end of the mechanical arm (7), and the mechanical arm (7) drives the laser (3) and the mechanical seal (4) to move synchronously during laser shock peening.

5. A portable laser shock peening apparatus according to claim 2 or 4, wherein a reference light source (11) for laser shock calibration and trajectory planning is provided in the mechanical seal (4), and a reflection/beam splitter group (12) for changing the optical path of the reference light source (11) to be coaxial with the laser path and output from the outlet end of the mechanical seal (4).

6. The portable laser shock peening device according to claim 5, wherein the reference light source (11) is a laser range finder, the reflecting/splitting mirror group (12) is arranged at the rear end of the focusing mirror group (6) along the transmission direction of the laser, and the light beam of the laser range finder is reflected and split and then output from the outlet end of the mechanical seal (4) to irradiate on the surface of the workpiece to be machined.

7. A portable laser shock peening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the focusing lens group (6) is a high aberration lens group.

8. A portable laser shock peening device according to claim 6, wherein the device base (1) comprises a support plate (13), a suction cup tripod (14) is provided below the support plate (13), and a telescopic rod (15) for adjusting the height of the support plate (13) is provided between the suction cup tripod (14) and the support plate (13).

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