A kind of permanent magnet damping linear generating set
Technical field
The utility model relates to the small power generation equipment technical field, relates in particular to a kind of permanent magnet damping linear generating set.
Background technology
The industrial occasions that some is specific is because the requirement of operational environment needs the employing wireless transducer.Yet existing wireless senser mainly uses powered battery, and shortcoming is that battery energy storage is limited, needs periodic replacement, increases the cost of safeguarding, reduces system reliability.
Energy harvester can become electric energy with the existing power conversion of equipment work environment, replaces battery.Present existing energy harvester mainly is to convert heat energy, luminous energy, vibrational energy to electric energy.The form that vibrational energy is converted to electric energy mainly contains electromagnetic type, piezoelectric type, electrostatic.Existing electromagnetic type adopts spring-mass system more, amplifies vibration by spring, makes that different piece produces relative motion in the energy harvester, converts corresponding vibrational energy to electric energy.When adopting spring-mass system, the coefficient of elasticity of spring selects to be subjected to easily the restriction (spring constant of actual spring has corresponding national standards) of actual spring.Because coefficient of elasticity is for discrete, and the quality of the coefficient of elasticity of the setting of the natural frequency of system and spring and mover is relevant, equates so very difficult natural frequency with system is adjusted to the vibration source frequency.In addition, the coefficient of elasticity of actual spring one regularly has certain requirement to the number of active coils of respective springs, spring filament diameter etc., and then the installation dimension of spring and space size restriction ratio are bigger; In similar system, adopt stage clip at present mostly, under the bigger situation of vibration source acceleration, may damage spring, limit the stroke of mover simultaneously, also increased the manufacturing cost of energy harvester simultaneously.
Publication number is the vibration generating device that the patent documentation of CN1877973 discloses a kind of portable electric appts, this device adopts permanent magnet reciprocating motion in the motion cavity, produce relative motion with winding, in winding, produce induced current by cutting magnetic line, and rectification becomes direct current, is battery charge.This vibration generating device motion cavity has only a permanent magnet, the induced potential that produces is smaller, when needing certain induced voltage, the length of monolithic permanent magnet is certain simultaneously, and is smaller with the adjustable extent of the spring constant of end permanent magnet interaction equivalent spring like this.Designing a kind of characteristic and load characteristic according to vibration source selects corresponding winding and spring constant to become the problem that present needs solve.
Summary of the invention
The utility model provides a kind of simple in structure, induced electromotive force is high, production cost is lower permanent magnet damping linear generating set.
A kind of permanent magnet damping linear generating set comprises the end cap at columnar casing, casing two ends and is arranged on chassis cavity interior mover, stator and fixed permanent magnet; Described stator comprises and coaxial columnar winding support of casing and the winding that is wrapped in the winding support outside, winding support is a non-magnet material, leave the lead lead-out groove between winding support and the casing, casing is provided with the lead outlet, and the lead outlet is communicated with the lead lead-out groove; Described mover is the cylinder coaxial with casing, be positioned at winding support, described mover comprises the rotor permanent magnet, the iron core between adjacent two rotor permanent magnet of some axial chargings and with the sheath of rotor permanent magnet and iron core parcel, sheath is a non-magnet material, adjacent two rotor permanent magnet magnetizing directions are opposite, and rotor permanent magnet equates with iron core diameter; Described end cap inboard is fixed with fixed permanent magnet, and fixed permanent magnet is opposite with the rotor permanent magnet magnetizing direction of the mover end of close fixed permanent magnet.
The end cap at casing and casing two ends all can be selected permeability magnetic material, can be cylindrical shape, cuboid or other shapes according to the different chassis bodies of practical application, uniform connecting hole on casing and the end cap is used for winding support fixed with casing and being connected of casing and vibration source.The diameter of casing and length generally can be determined according to actual needs.Chassis body leaves the lead fairlead near an end of end cap, is used for the lead of winding is drawn, and conveniently is connected with external components.
Winding support generally can be selected the high molecular polymer non-magnet material for use for having certain thickness cylinder, and the winding support outer wall is provided with annular groove, and the annular groove operated by rotary motion is at the middle part of winding support outer wall; The width of cannelure, the degree of depth and number is set adjusts according to actual needs; The winding support outer wall is provided with the lead lead-out groove, and the lead lead-out groove is connected with annular groove, and the lead lead-out groove is communicated with the lead fairlead of chassis body, the winding of being convenient to winding be connected; The setting of lead lead-out groove can help reducing the overall volume of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) so that compact more between winding support and the casing on the other hand.Winding support is inboard perhaps to spray lubricant simultaneously through polishing, can reduce the reciprocating frictional force of mover like this, and noise-decreasing.
Mover is made up of the sheath of rotor permanent magnet, iron core and parcel rotor permanent magnet and iron core, and under the attraction of mutual magnetic force, rotor permanent magnet and iron core are formed complete cylinder.Jacket outer surface is through polishing, further to reduce the reciprocating frictional force of mover; Rotor permanent magnet can be selected the common ferrite in market, neodymium iron boron or SmCo for use.Iron core can be formed or be made up of silicon steel plate packing by solid-iron.The shape of mover also can be adjusted according to actual needs.Rotor permanent magnet adopts axial charging, processes more conveniently, and production cost is lower.Adjacent two rotor permanent magnet magnetizing directions are opposite, and the magnetic line of force radially spreads in the iron core, and is vertical with the winding coil of stator, the close increase of the magnetic in the air gap, and the winding perpendicular cuts magnetic line of force of stator, the induced electromotive force of generation increases; Generally can be in the practical application by adjusting the relative thickness of rotor permanent magnet and iron core, adjust air-gap field, can adjust the pole span of mover by the thickness of adjusting a pair of rotor permanent magnet and adjacent iron core, cooperate the stator winding coil, adjust the waveform of induced potential.Mover adopts the polylith permanent magnet, and number of pole-pairs is more, makes that the utilance of stator winding coil improves in the whole stroke of mover.Rotor permanent magnet and iron core are surrounded by sheath outward, and be as a whole to guarantee whole mover, convenient to carrying out polishing outside the whole mover, reduces the friction of mover and stator winding support.
Permanent magnet can be selected to install and fix in the end cap inboard at casing two ends, and fixed permanent magnet can be selected ferrite, neodymium iron boron or SmCo equally, and the number of fixed permanent magnet can be one or two; Because end cap is a magnetic material, fixed permanent magnet directly can be fixed on the end cap inboard by attractive magnetic force, and is easy for installation.When charging device horizontal positioned of the present utility model is used, a fixed permanent magnet need be set in the inboard of two end caps respectively.The repulsion effect of the rotor permanent magnet at fixed permanent magnet and mover two ends makes mover reciprocating motion in winding support, avoids producing the mechanical stretching collision.When above-mentioned Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) is vertically placed use, generally only need a fixed permanent magnet to be set and get final product in end cap inboard, casing bottom, mover does pumping in winding support under the interaction of repulsion and self gravitation.The fixed permanent magnet of end and the interaction between the rotor permanent magnet are equivalent to spring structure, adopt the magnetic force equivalent spring of end fixed permanent magnet and rotor permanent magnet, adjust the coefficient of elasticity of the adjustment equivalent spring that thickness, area, the relative distance of end fixed permanent magnet and rotor permanent magnet can be continuous within the specific limits, thereby can realize Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) being provided with different natural frequencys according to different occasions.The vibration frequency of final meeting of the vibration frequency of mover and vibration source equates in the use, when the vibration frequency of the natural frequency of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) self and vibration source is consistent, just the vibration of vibration source can be amplified to maximum, the i.e. amplitude maximum of mover at this moment, the relative motion maximum of mover and stator, thereby can collect more electric energy, improve final generating efficiency.
Stator winding is by the enamelled wire coiled, and winding can be single-phase winding or three phase windings according to actual needs.Single-phase winding is in the one-period at a pair of pole span of mover, and the magnetic direction that mover is set up in preceding half period and the back half period is opposite, do not offset for guaranteeing the back-emf stack of series connection back, the winding in two half period around on the contrary.Three phase windings in the mover one-period, differ 120 degree electrical degrees between three phase windings, guarantee the stack of winding back-emf forward with phase winding winding, closure in the different cycles scope, to obtain more back-emf.Between the two adjacent groups winding around on the contrary.
The beneficial effect that the utility model brings is embodied in:
(1) repulsion between the permanent magnets such as the thickness of end rotor permanent magnet that Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present utility model can be by regulating mover and fixed permanent magnet, area, equivalent spring coefficient when promptly regulating damped motion, in conjunction with the quality of mover can regulating system natural frequency, thereby be applicable to the vibration source in the certain limit, realize the generating efficiency maximum of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) without frequency;
(2) by regulating thickness, the quantity of rotor permanent magnet in the mover, in conjunction with iron core thickness quantity, and the distribution of winding, can produce single-phase, three-phase induction electromotive force, and can control the size of induced electromotive force, to satisfy the needs of different occasions;
(3) the vibration conversion of the mechanical damping of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present utility model is relatively independent to the control that the control and the electromagnetic action of natural frequency produces electric energy, can separately control, and practicality is stronger.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) horizontal positioned of the present utility model structural representation when using;
Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) along the profile of A-A face;
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) B part among Fig. 2;
Structural representation when Fig. 4 vertically places use for Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is used to produce the circuit diagram of single-phase induction electromotive force for Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is used to produce the circuit diagram of three-phase induction electromotive force for Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present utility model.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4, a kind of permanent magnet damping linear generating set comprises the end cap at casing 1, casing 1 two ends, the fixed permanent magnet 9 of stator, mover and end cap inboard in the casing 1.
Shown in Fig. 1~3, end cap comprises first end cap 2 and second end cap 12, and casing 1 and end cap are permeability magnetic material, and casing 1 is a cylindrical shape.Also can select cuboid or other shapes according to the different casings 1 of practical application.Uniform connecting hole on casing 1, first end cap 2 and second end cap 12 is used for winding support fixed with casing and being connected of casing and vibration source.The diameter of casing 1 and length generally can be determined according to actual needs.Casing 1 leaves lead fairlead 6 near an end of first end cap 2.
Shown in Fig. 1~4, stator comprises the winding 4 in the winding support 3 and the winding support outside.Winding support 3 is the high molecular polymer non-magnet material.Winding support 3 is for having certain thickness cylinder, and winding support 3 outer walls are provided with annular groove 10, and the number of groove 10 is 6, and the number of groove 10, width and the degree of depth all can be determined according to actual needs.Winding support 3 outer walls are provided with lead lead-out groove 5, lead lead-out groove 5 be communicated with groove 10 and with winding support 3 coaxial settings, lead lead-out groove 5 ports of export are communicated with lead fairlead 6, terminate near in the groove of second end cap 12 away from the other end of lead fairlead 6, are convenient to the layout of winding 4.Winding support 3 adopts bolt the three to be fixedlyed connected with the connecting hole on the end cap by casing 1.Winding 4 is the enamelled wire coiled, is single-phase winding, and winding 4 also can be arranged as three phase windings according to actual needs, to produce the three-phase induction electromotive force.The inner chamber of winding support 3 is the reciprocating track of mover, can spray lubricant then with its inner surface through polishing for reducing resistance and noise.
Shown in Fig. 1~4, mover is made up of the sheath 11 of rotor permanent magnet 7, iron core 8 and parcel rotor permanent magnet 7 and iron core 8, and under the attraction of mutual magnetic force, rotor permanent magnet and iron core are formed complete cylinder.The quantity of rotor permanent magnet 7 is 7, can select the common ferrite in market, neodymium iron boron or SmCo for use, and the quantity of rotor permanent magnet also can be adjusted according to actual needs.Iron core 8 quantity are 6, can select for use by solid-iron and form or be made up of silicon steel plate packing.The shape of mover also can be adjusted according to actual needs.Adjacent two rotor permanent magnet magnetizing directions are opposite, and the magnetic line of force radially spreads in the iron core, and is vertical with the winding coil of stator, and it is close to have increased the magnetic in the air gap, the winding perpendicular cuts magnetic line of force of stator, and the induced potential of generation increases; Generally can adjust air-gap field by adjusting the relative thickness of rotor permanent magnet and mover iron core in the practical application, the thickness of adjusting rotor permanent magnet and adjacent iron core can be adjusted the pole span of mover, cooperates the stator winding coil, adjusts the waveform of back-emf.Be surrounded by sheath 11 outside rotor permanent magnet 7 and the iron core 8, as a whole to guarantee whole mover, convenient to carrying out polishing outside the whole mover, reduce the friction between mover and the stator winding support 3.
As shown in Figure 1, when Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) horizontal positioned of the present utility model is used, the inboard of first end cap 2 and second end cap 12 is respectively equipped with a fixed permanent magnet 9, fixed permanent magnet 9 is an axial charging, the fixed permanent magnet 9 in left side is opposite with the magnetizing direction of the rotor permanent magnet 7 of mover left end end, right side fixed permanent magnet 9 is opposite with rotor permanent magnet 7 magnetizing directions of mover right-hand member end, produce repulsion between mover and the fixed permanent magnet 9, mover is not in stability when having external force, mover keeps identical distance with the fixed permanent magnet 9 at two ends, when being subjected to extraneous vibration, the mover disequilibrium, mover moves to an end, rotor permanent magnet 7 reduces with the distance of this end, repulsion increases, and hinders mover and further moves to this end, and mover constantly moves reciprocatingly by the repulsion effect of inertia and two ends fixed permanent magnet 9.As shown in Figure 4, when Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present utility model vertically is provided with use, only needs to be provided with a fixed permanent magnet 9 and get final product, under the effect of repulsion and mover own wt, realize pumping of mover in the inboard of first end cap 2.
As shown in Figure 5, when the utility model need produce the single-phase induction electromotive force, winding 4 is set to single-phase winding, winding 4 has been formed AC power S, alternating current by power supply S generation, carry out single-phase rectifier through single-phase diode D1, D2, D3 and D4, to the charging of energy storage device capacitor C, capacitor C provides electric energy to load appliance L after the rectification.As shown in Figure 6, when the utility model need produce three-phase induction electric current electromotive force, winding 4 need be set to three phase windings, three windings are formed AC power SA, SB and SC respectively, SA, SB and SC carry out three phase rectifier by D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6 respectively, the back is to the charging of energy storage device capacitor C, and capacitor C provides electric energy to load appliance L.Capacitor C among Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 also can replace with storage battery according to actual needs.