CN201201907Y - A natural vacuum low-temperature distillation seawater desalination device - Google Patents
A natural vacuum low-temperature distillation seawater desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201201907Y CN201201907Y CNU2008200568255U CN200820056825U CN201201907Y CN 201201907 Y CN201201907 Y CN 201201907Y CN U2008200568255 U CNU2008200568255 U CN U2008200568255U CN 200820056825 U CN200820056825 U CN 200820056825U CN 201201907 Y CN201201907 Y CN 201201907Y
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
一种自然真空低温蒸馏海水淡化装置，是在海水给水管与蒸发室连接段设置一套管回热器，包括一个环形管和内管，环形管进水端与蒸发室底部连通，出水端与浓海水排水管连通；内管一端与海水给水管连通，另一端与蒸发室内的喷淋器连接；蒸发室海水液面与海水给水箱海水液面之差在7－9.5米之间；海水给水箱的液面高于浓海水箱的液面，喷淋器与海水给水箱液面的高度差大于蒸发室海水液面与浓海水箱液位的高度差。本实用新型利用海水重力排出系统内海水和空气，达到真空，在蒸发器内海水液面的低压条件下，给水和浓海水可自行进入和排出蒸发器，淡水也可自行进入淡水箱，免去给、排水泵；可用于海岛、沿海缺水和苦咸水地区的水淡化处理。
A natural vacuum low-temperature distillation seawater desalination device, a sleeve regenerator is installed at the connection section between the seawater supply pipe and the evaporation chamber, including an annular pipe and an inner pipe, the water inlet end of the annular pipe communicates with the bottom of the evaporation chamber, and the water outlet end communicates with The concentrated seawater drainage pipe is connected; one end of the inner pipe is connected with the seawater supply pipe, and the other end is connected with the sprinkler in the evaporation chamber; the difference between the seawater liquid level in the evaporation chamber and the seawater water supply tank is between 7-9.5 meters; The liquid level of the water tank is higher than the liquid level of the concentrated seawater tank, and the height difference between the sprinkler and the liquid level of the seawater supply tank is greater than the height difference between the seawater liquid level of the evaporation chamber and the liquid level of the concentrated seawater tank. The utility model utilizes seawater gravity to discharge seawater and air in the system to achieve a vacuum. Under the low-pressure condition of the seawater liquid level in the evaporator, feed water and concentrated seawater can enter and discharge the evaporator by itself, and fresh water can also enter the fresh water tank by itself, eliminating the need for Water supply and drainage pumps; can be used for water desalination in islands, coastal water shortages and brackish water areas.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of low temperature distillation sea water desalination device that is used for the sea water desaltination field, be specifically related to utilize low-temperature heat source heat supplies such as the sun, utilize the gravity and the barometric point natural method of water to produce vacuum and pressure reduction, without any need for the low distillation seawater desalinating device of pump.
Background technology
Sea water desaltination has been brought into play vital role in the economy of some coastal lack of water countries and regions and social development.Drinking water source as Israel 70% comes from sea water desaltination water, and the daily output sea water desaltination water yield reached 73.8 ten thousand steres in 2005; United Arab Emirates' tap water mainly relies on sea water desaltination water, and the daily output sea water desaltination water yield reached 546.6 ten thousand steres in 2003; The Italy Sicily, the daily output sea water desaltination water yield was 13.5 ten thousand steres in 2005, accounted for 15-20% of whole drinkable water sources.The market yearly turnover of present global sea water desaltination has reached multi-million dollar.
Existing method for desalting seawater mainly contains distillation method and reverse osmosis method, and the distillation sea water desalting technology is to drop into the desalination techniques of industrial applications the earliest, comprises multi-stage flash evaporation technology and low-temperature distillation technology.Distillation method has advantages such as the low-grade heat that can utilize sun power and power plant and other factories, throughput low to the raw material seawater water quality requirement, device are big, be the mainstream technology of current sea water desaltination, account for more than 57% of desalination technology overall market share.Though multi-stage flash evaporation technology is ripe, reliable, it is low that subject matter is that the device unit is made outlet capacity, and unit power consumption is big, and heat transfer efficiency is poor; The low temperature distillation sea water desalination technology is exactly to make to keep certain vacuum tightness in the evaporator room, and pressure is very little, and the evaporation of seawater temperature in the evaporator room is low, and seawater is heated, and water becomes steam, and steam is met cold, condenses into fresh water again.The low-grade energies such as to utilize sun power because the low-temperature distillation method desalinizes seawater, effective energy-conservation reason, developed recently is rapid, the scale of device enlarges day by day, cost decreases, but its main drawback is to keep the interior vacuum of vaporizer to need a large amount of electric energy, and water supply and evaporation back concentrated seawater discharge and also need to consume a large amount of pump merits, thereby construction costs is higher.
The reverse osmosis seawater desalting technical development is very fast, and construction costs and running cost continue to reduce.Subject matter is the working pressure height of reverse osmosis membrane, and the reverse osmosis system rate of recovery is low, need to improve preconditioning technique, with the enhanced system contamination resistance etc.
" actual motion of the vertical whole-natural energy of falling film evaporation triple effect source seawater desalination system " that " solar energy journal " delivered on 2006 the 27th the 12nd phases of volume.This device is made up of solar energy collector system, hot water storage tank, sea water desalinating plant main frame, cooling basin, pumping system, wind generator system.Though realized use whole-natural energy source, adopting wind generator system is the pumping system power supply, thereby the fresh water cost per ton of system is very high.
The utility model content
The utility model discloses a kind of natural vacuum low temperature distillation sea water desalination device, its purpose is to overcome the existing solar energy sea water desalination apparatus that utilizes, keep the interior vacuum of vaporizer and need a large amount of electric energy, supply water and evaporate back concentrated seawater discharging and also need to consume a large amount of pump merits, thereby the higher drawback of construction costs, the utility model utilizes seawater gravity and barometric point natural method to produce vacuum, can evaporate under lower temperature at seawater under this vacuum state, and institute's energy requirement lacks than traditional way; The heat of the concentrated seawater of desalination back discharging reclaims by heat exchanger, is used for heated feed water, and the steam that is evaporated can utilize seawater feedwater carrying out condensation, system thermal efficiency height in condenser; Under the low pressure condition of vaporizer maritime interior waters liquid level, feedwater and concentrated seawater can be advanced into and discharge vaporizer certainly, and fresh water also can be advanced into fresh-water tank certainly, and device needn't be installed service pump and wet-pit; Particularly can use Lowlevel thermal energy,, have higher comprehensive energy utilising efficiency, can be used for the geographic water desalination of island, coastal lack of water and brackish water and handle as waste heat, sun power etc.
The method that natural vacuum low temperature distillation sea water desalination adopts is: before the operation with all valve closess, make system airtight, open system crestal waterflood valve then, fill with seawater to system, open the water discharge valve of all water shoots that link to each other with evaporator room, under the action of gravity, seawater is flowed out, air is discharged from the system, reaches system vacuum; Carry thermal source to evaporator room then, when the heat hot source temperature was higher than condensing temperature, the evaporating pressure of seawater under the thermal source heating was higher than the condensing pressure of fresh water, and the water vapour of evaporation enters condenser and is condensed under the differential pressure action of evaporating pressure and condensing pressure.
A kind of natural vacuum low temperature distillation sea water desalination device comprises: solar energy heat collector; Evaporator room and condenser; Indoor spray thrower and the vaporizing coil of being provided with of evaporator room, the two ends of vaporizing coil are connected with the backwater end with the water outlet of solar energy collector respectively; Evaporator room links to each other with the seawater feed-tank by the seawater water service pipe, and evaporator room communicates with condenser, and condenser links to each other with fresh-water tank by fresh water pipe; It is characterized in that:
A) seawater water service pipe and evaporator room linkage section are provided with a sleeve pipe regenerator, and it includes a ring pipe and interior pipe, and its ring pipe feed-water end is communicated with the evaporator room bottom, and the water side is communicated with the concentrated seawater water shoot; Guan Yiduan is communicated with the seawater water service pipe in it, and the interior spray thrower of the other end and evaporator room is connected;
B) difference of evaporator room maritime interior waters liquid level and seawater feed-tank maritime interior waters liquid level is between 7-9.5 rice;
C) liquid level of seawater feed-tank is higher than the liquid level in the concentrated seawater case, and the difference of altitude of spray thrower and seawater feed-tank liquid level is greater than the difference of altitude of liquid level in liquid level in the evaporator room and the concentrated seawater case.
The uniform spray apertures in spray thrower bottom sprays on the sun power vaporizing coil seawater equably.
Its cooling medium of condenser can adopt air, also can adopt the seawater in the seawater feed-tank to carry out condensation.
This device can be used for sea water desaltination, also can be used for the desalination of brackish water, and the heating thermal source can be a sun power, also can be other low-temperature heat sources such as used heat, waste heat.
Advantage of the present utility model and positively effect are: can make system utilize seawater gravity to produce vacuum, not need to use vacuum pump to vacuumize, system does not have power consumption, and to compare energy-conservation power savings obvious with common sea water desalting equipment; Utilize seawater gravity and barometric point balance to keep the vacuum environment that is obtained, the vaporizer maritime interior waters can be evaporated at a lower temperature; The seawater water service pipe does not need service pump because both sides pressure reduction is pressed into vaporizer with seawater automatically; The concentrated seawater water shoot does not need wet-pit because both sides pressure reduction enters the concentrated seawater case automatically with concentrated seawater; The fresh water that obtains after the condensation does not need water pump to draw water because fresh water pipe both sides pressure reduction enters fresh-water tank with fresh water automatically yet; System is simple, and the working conditions restriction is few.System utilizes the sensible heat of discharging concentrated seawater to add hot sea water by the sleeve pipe regenerator, has made full use of the concentrated seawater waste heat of discharging, has improved the thermo-efficiency of system; Reduce the sea water desaltination cost greatly.If the difference of vaporizer maritime interior waters liquid level and seawater feed-tank maritime interior waters liquid level reaches 10m, pounds per square inch absolute (psia) just can hang down and reach 3.5kPa in the vaporizer.Heat source temperature just has the fresh water output in time more than 35 ℃, and efficient can reach more than 0.9.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 the utility model natural vacuum low temperature distillation sea water desalination apparatus structure synoptic diagram;
1. solar energy heat collector, 2. spray thrower, 3. water injection valve, 4. evaporator room, 5. condenser, 6. fresh water pipe, 7. seawater feedwater valve, 8. fresh-water tank, 9. concentrated seawater case, 10. concentrated seawater water shoot, 11. concentrated seawater water discharge valves, 12. seawater feed-tanks, 13. fresh water water discharge valve, 14. the seawater water service pipe, 15. sleeve pipe regenerators, 16. vaporizing coils.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The natural vacuum low temperature distillation sea water desalination device as shown in Figure 1.Comprise: a solar energy heat collector 1 that is used to collect sun power; High temperature heat conducting medium that is used to from solar energy heat collector adds hot sea water and makes the vaporizing coil 16 of its evaporation; The vapor condensation of a chamber of self-evaporatint n. in the future 4 becomes the condenser 5 of fresh water; A seawater feed-tank 12 that is used to load seawater; A concentrated seawater case 9 that is used to load by the desalination back concentrated seawater that discharges; The fresh-water tank 8 of the fresh water of the self cooling condenser 5 that is used to collect; Part heat that is used to reclaim the concentrated seawater that evaporator room 4 discharges is used to heat the sleeve pipe regenerator 15 that enters the feedwater before the evaporator room 4; One is used to distribute the spray thrower 2 that is heated seawater; Comprise spray thrower 2, vaporizing coil 16 in the evaporator room 4; The two ends of vaporizing coil 16 are connected with the backwater end with the water outlet of solar energy collector respectively; Evaporator room 4 links to each other with concentrated seawater case 9 by concentrated seawater water shoot 10, and evaporator room 4 communicates with condenser 5, and condenser 5 links to each other with fresh-water tank 8 by fresh water pipe 6; Be characterized in: be connected a sleeve pipe regenerator 15 between seawater water service pipe 14 and the evaporator room, the sleeve pipe regenerator is made up of a ring pipe and interior pipe, and its ring pipe feed-water end is communicated with the evaporator room bottom, and the water side is communicated with concentrated seawater water shoot 10; Guan Yiduan is communicated with seawater water service pipe 14 in it, and the interior spray thrower 2 of the other end and evaporator room is connected.Solar energy heat collector 1, evaporator room 4 and condenser 5 are positioned over the about 10m in plane place above Ground, and concentrated seawater case and fresh-water tank are positioned on the ground level, and seawater feed-tank 12 is a little more than concentrated seawater case 9.
Close seawater feedwater valve 7, concentrated seawater water discharge valve 11 and fresh water water discharge valve 13 before system operation, the water injection valve 3 of the water injection pipe that the top of system is provided with is opened, and device is filled with seawater; Close water injection valve 3 then, open seawater feedwater valve 7, concentrated seawater water discharge valve 11 and fresh water water discharge valve 13, under action of gravity, seawater flows out, and air is discharged from the system, makes to form vacuum in the device, and the part seawater is evaporated.Start solar energy heat collector 1, vaporizing coil is heated, the water vapor in the evaporator room is heated, and pressure raises.Be higher than when the heat hot source temperature under the condition of condensing temperature, the evaporating pressure of seawater under the thermal source heating is higher than the condensing pressure of fresh water, the water vapour of evaporation enters condenser 5 and is condensed under the differential pressure action of evaporating pressure and condensing pressure, the pressure of evaporator room 4 reduces along with the condensation of water vapour, the vacuum tightness of evaporator room increases, then pressure reduction appears in the import and export of seawater water service pipe 14, under atmospheric effect, spray thrower 2 after seawater is preheated through sleeve pipe regenerator 15 interior pipes from seawater feed-tank 12 automatically in the inflow evaporator room, the seawater of spray is evaporated coil pipe 16 heating evaporations and forms steam, steam enters condenser 5 again, concentrated seawater after the evaporation is flowed through the ring pipe of sleeve pipe regenerator to concentrated seawater water shoot 10, evaporator room 4 bottoms, the liquid level of concentrated seawater raises, concentrated seawater water shoot 10 raises at the top hole pressure of evaporator room side thereupon, and concentrated seawater is discharged to concentrated seawater case 9.The water vapour of the evaporation device 5 that is condensed is condensed into fresh water and flows into fresh water pipe 6, and along with the rising of fresh water liquid level, fresh water pipe increases at the pressure of condenser side, and fresh water flows into fresh-water tank 8.System constantly carries out evaporation of seawater, condensation under these differential pressure actions, collect fresh water.Evaporation along with seawater, concentration of seawater in the evaporator room constantly increases, the pressure that unit height produces increases, concern according to pressure equilibrium, the difference of altitude of spray thrower 2 and seawater feed-tank 12 liquid levels is greater than the difference of altitude of liquid levels in liquid levels in the evaporator room 4 and the concentrated seawater case 9, and the liquid level that therefore forms seawater feed-tank 12 is higher than the liquid level of concentrated seawater case 9.Seawater feedwater and concentrated seawater draining are carried out waste heat recovery by sleeve pipe regenerator 15, have made full use of the concentrated seawater waste heat of discharging, have improved the thermo-efficiency of system; Reduce the sea water desaltination cost greatly.
Claims (3)
1. a natural vacuum low temperature distillation sea water desalination device comprises: solar energy heat collector (1), evaporator room (4) and condenser (5); Indoor spray thrower (2) and the vaporizing coil (16) of being provided with of evaporator room, the two ends of vaporizing coil are connected with the backwater end with the water outlet of solar energy heat collector respectively; Evaporator room links to each other with seawater feed-tank (12) by seawater water service pipe (14), and evaporator room communicates with condenser, and condenser links to each other with fresh-water tank (8) by fresh water pipe (6); It is characterized in that:
A) seawater water service pipe (14) is provided with a sleeve pipe regenerator (15) with the evaporator room linkage section, and it includes a ring pipe and interior pipe, and its ring pipe feed-water end is communicated with the evaporator room bottom, and the water side is communicated with concentrated seawater water shoot (10); Guan Yiduan is communicated with seawater water service pipe (14) in it, and the interior spray thrower (2) of the other end and evaporator room is connected;
B) difference of evaporator room seawater liquid level and seawater feed-tank seawater liquid level is between 7-9.5 rice;
C) liquid level of seawater feed-tank (12) is higher than the liquid level of concentrated seawater case (9), and the difference of altitude of spray thrower (2) and seawater feed-tank (12) liquid level is greater than the difference of altitude of evaporator room (4) seawater liquid level and concentrated seawater case (9) liquid level.
2. a kind of natural vacuum low temperature distillation sea water desalination device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the uniform spray apertures in spray thrower (2) bottom sprays on the sun power vaporizing coil seawater equably.
3. a kind of natural vacuum low temperature distillation sea water desalination device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: its cooling medium of condenser (5) can adopt air, also can adopt the seawater in the seawater feed-tank to carry out condensation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNU2008200568255U CN201201907Y (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2008-04-01 | A natural vacuum low-temperature distillation seawater desalination device |
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| CNU2008200568255U CN201201907Y (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2008-04-01 | A natural vacuum low-temperature distillation seawater desalination device |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101538071B (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2011-03-16 | 倪忠德 | Energy-saving seawater distilling device |
| CN101723476B (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-07-20 | 上海交通大学 | Seawater desalination device employing solar energy and vapor compressing distillation |
| CN102180530A (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2011-09-14 | 何敬东 | Device and method for sea water desalination by using solar energy and potential energy |
| CN103232086A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-08-07 | 上海电力学院 | Solar seawater desalting system |
| CN105883952A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-08-24 | 厦门理工学院 | Wave power oscillation type solar seawater desalination device |
| CN106348370A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-25 | 河海大学常州校区 | Energy-saving compact type fresh water device |
| CN109867315A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-06-11 | 郑荣桂 | A kind of heavy duty detergent low temperature distillation formula sea water desalination processing technology |
| CN109867317A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-11 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of efficient cryogenic atomization injection desalination plant and its method |
| CN110759408A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-07 | 安徽理工大学 | Sea water desalination method and device by liquid gravity distillation method |
| CN114604921A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-10 | 广东南大机器人有限公司 | Seawater desalination system |
| CN117228772A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-12-15 | 上海电力大学 | Efficient spraying heat collection device for providing seawater desalination heat source |
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2008
- 2008-04-01 CN CNU2008200568255U patent/CN201201907Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101538071B (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2011-03-16 | 倪忠德 | Energy-saving seawater distilling device |
| CN101723476B (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-07-20 | 上海交通大学 | Seawater desalination device employing solar energy and vapor compressing distillation |
| CN102180530A (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2011-09-14 | 何敬东 | Device and method for sea water desalination by using solar energy and potential energy |
| CN102180530B (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-09-26 | 何敬东 | Device and method for sea water desalination by using solar energy and potential energy |
| CN103232086A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-08-07 | 上海电力学院 | Solar seawater desalting system |
| CN105883952B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-10-19 | 厦门理工学院 | Wave power oscillatory type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus |
| CN105883952A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-08-24 | 厦门理工学院 | Wave power oscillation type solar seawater desalination device |
| CN106348370A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-25 | 河海大学常州校区 | Energy-saving compact type fresh water device |
| CN106348370B (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2019-04-02 | 河海大学常州校区 | An energy-saving and compact fresh water device |
| CN109867315A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-06-11 | 郑荣桂 | A kind of heavy duty detergent low temperature distillation formula sea water desalination processing technology |
| CN109867317A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-11 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of efficient cryogenic atomization injection desalination plant and its method |
| CN110759408A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-07 | 安徽理工大学 | Sea water desalination method and device by liquid gravity distillation method |
| CN114604921A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-10 | 广东南大机器人有限公司 | Seawater desalination system |
| CN117228772A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-12-15 | 上海电力大学 | Efficient spraying heat collection device for providing seawater desalination heat source |
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Granted publication date: 20090304 Termination date: 20100401 |