Background technology
Development and Application Expansion thereof along with satellite positioning tech and mobile communication technology, and the shift position service is constantly progressive, especially the birth of the Short Message Service technology of GSM, location technology based on satnav and GSM has been widely used in industries such as taxi, public transport, public security, first aid, logistics, information service in the world, has realized the function to the round-the-clock monitoring of moving target, warning, commander, antitheft and scheduling.Meanwhile, many developed countries are studied the Vehicle positioning system (VPS) based on gsm wireless communication and gps satellite location technology.Leading automaker has begun to research and develop information service system and the information communication system based on radio communication and satnav and electronic map technique.In this system, vehicle-mounted charging terminal receives gps signal in real time, and the information of the highway stored in the GPS real-time position information of vehicle and the vehicle-mounted charging terminal is compared, if contrast successfully, and with regard to opening entry, the highway section of paying the fees exactly, this highway section.Vehicle-mounted charging terminal can be sent to toll center by short message with the information of paying the fees according to the expense in this highway section of length computation in rate in the rate scale and highway section, records in the middle of the database.
The open defect of above-mentioned E-payment system is that each car will be installed a receiver that is worth 500 Euros.
In China, a lot of based on the application of satellite positioning tech, particularly aspect navigation, and many application are also being arranged aspect the monitoring management of moving target, as the taxi and the bus management system in Guangdong based on the positioning and communicating technology of GPS/GSM.To electronic toll system based on satnav and wireless access technology, though also there are indivedual enterprises to explore to some extent at technical elements, but because the enforcement of this Fare Collection System need depend on the relevant policies rules largely, so the research that domestic enterprise is done in this regard also all rests on the primary stage, formation system, the especially research aspect practical application are not blank especially.
Flourish along with the field of traffic every profession and trade, the shortcoming of traditional charging method (as inefficiency, leak big etc.) just seems more and more outstanding.Adopt the multiple technologies means to realize the robotization that vehicle toll is managed, solve crowded situation of road and bridge, the new problem that set up effectively, reliable vehicle automatic fee charging management system has become traffic administration.Domestic also have preliminary research in the vehicle location related fields, comprises vehicle location monitor, automobile navigation based on the GPS technology, and the information service of the fusing wireless communication technology.But personal application service lacks very much.In addition, in the relevant practical application, the technological means of employing is single relatively: 1) wireless communication technology is confined in the modes such as GPRS/GSM or CDMA, not with Dedicated Short Range Communications, (DSRC) technological incorporation interior; 2) application of electronic map technique is in the starting stage, and the range of application of vehicle-mounted map is limited to vehicle location monitor and automobile navigation.Also be not specifically designed at present the special electronic map of road toll, relevant R﹠D work also is unrealized, not and the numerical map technology carry out deep combination.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of mobile unit based on the satnav road toll, with solve traditional mobile unit cost height, technological means single, do not possess problems such as supervision and management function.
Mobile unit based on the satnav road toll described in the utility model, it comprises that the radio frequency reception that is used to realize Dedicated Short Range Communications, and two arm processors that calculate based on the charge of satnav and wireless access communication technology, is connected two SPI interface, Dedicated Short Range Communications, of being connected by data bus, control bus with first processor between the processor, transmission are partly and the peripheral circuit of second processor; The peripheral circuit of described second processor comprises GPS device, Dedicated Short Range Communications, device, display and display interface device, storer, IC interface and UBS interface at least.
Effect of the present utility model is as follows:
1, adopt the combined type communication mode based on the mobile unit of satnav road toll, communicate by letter stable, reliable, anti-interference, extensibility is strong.
2, based on the mobile unit of satnav road toll under the perfect prerequisite of assurance function, equipment cost is lower.
3, adopt high speed DSRC technology, traffic rate can reach 1.5Mbps.
4, based on the traditional non-parking charge technology of the electric non-stop toll technical compatibility of satnav and wireless access.
5, the automatically updated rate scale of mobile unit, embedded map etc. possess the ability of offering high-quality service.
6, employing is convenient to the unified management to vehicle based on the mobile unit of satnav road toll, improves supervisory efficiency.
Embodiment
Mobile unit of the present utility model carries out real-time follow-up according to satnav information to vehicle location, and can carry out route matching and expense automatically according to information such as vehicle running path, vehicle parameter, rate scales and calculate, and notifies the user with pay imformation.Simultaneously mobile unit is uploaded to administrative center with information of vehicles, road service time, road segment number and the information such as toll collected by mobile communications network, information such as the charge parameter that administrative center uploads according to equipment, path are also calculated the road usage charges that vehicle should be collected, and compare with the toll amount that mobile unit is uploaded, with the accuracy of guaranteeing to charge.
The utility model be based on the car-mounted terminal integrated technology of satellite positioning tech, way leave charge computing technique, embedded onboard special electronic charge map, charge car-mounted terminal map match and rate information dynamically updates technology, the 5.8GHz frequency range is received and dispatched at a high speed and basis such as control technology on research and develop intelligent vehicle-carried equipment based on satnav and wireless access technology.
The task that mobile unit of the present utility model is mainly finished comprises: finish tasks such as charge data storage, route matching, expense calculating, data transmission, automatic identification automatically, and can expand reception dynamic information receiving function.Mobile unit not only possesses satellite positioning functions, wireless transmission (DSRC that is used for the fee evasion inspection and be used for and charge relevant mobile communication GSM/GPRS) function and information display function, and loaded embedded electronic charge map, and possess location matches, the calculating of expense volume and user profile storage and inquiry and other function serving information.
In the utility model, it is mutual that mobile unit and trackside auditing system employing DSRC form are carried out information of vehicles, adopts mobile communication (as note GSM) mode to carry out alternately between car-mounted terminal and the administrative center; And for the data interaction of administrative center and trackside auditing system, adopt Ethernet to carry out data transmission in principle, but consider to be difficult for possessing the wire transmission condition under some application conditions, so also possesses wireless data transmission function between trackside auditing system and the administrative center.
Charge mobile unit based on satnav and wireless access technology is the function composite intelligent vehicle mounted terminal machine that adopts arm processor, it has fully utilized technology such as satnav, radio communication and Dedicated Short Range Communications,, realized the road non-stop charging function, and the support information service function.This mobile unit loads and embeds special electronic charge map, possesses the road matching algorithm, the position and the mileage that travel of the automatic registration of vehicle of location technology via satellite, automatically finish charge data storage, path generation, and take all factors into consideration road toll vehicle parameter and road toll factor, calculate the toll of vehicle automatically; The data relevant with charge transfer to the toll administration center by wireless-transmission network, thereby finish collecting of vehicle communication expense; And equipment possesses the fee evasion inspection function based on the Dedicated Short Range Communications, technology, but matching management unit is to the management that exercises supervision of the state of paying the fees of vehicle.In addition, mobile unit carries vehicle essential information (license plate number, vehicle etc.), satnav pay imformation (as communicating number), can pass through interface modes configuration device parameter and application parameter, and the fetch equipment recorded information; The Presentation Function that equipment has except that informing the toll road prompt facility that driver's toll amount, account balance reach, also can be expanded map demonstration and service information indicating function.
The engineering philosophy that mobile unit adopts modular construction, digital-to-analogue separation, multi-processor cooperation, DSRC transmitting-receiving to separate.Mobile unit is divided into: DSRC digital function module, DSRC analog functional module, satnav+three main modular of radio communication charge functional module.Can pass through serial mode configuration device parameter and application parameter, and the fetch equipment recorded information.
Onboard system adopts two processors, is respectively applied for to realize the DSRC correlation function and based on the charge function of satnav+wireless access communication technology, adopt the SPI interface to carry out the function cooperation between two processors.The hardware of mobile unit is formed referring to Fig. 1, comprise be used to realize special-purpose short distance communication and based on two arm processors of satnav and the charge software for calculation of wireless access communication technology, the radio frequency reception that is connected two SPI interface, special-purpose short distance communications of being connected by data bus, control bus with first processor between the processor, transmission partly and the connection of the periphery of second processor comprise GPS device, special-purpose short distance communication device, display and display interface device, storer, IC interface and UBS interface at least.
1. hardware capability:
Load embedded Linux operating system, support the expansion of the 16M data space and the 16M program space; Possess the GPS function, can determine vehicle location in real time; Support GSM and two kinds of wireless communications modes of GPRS; Meet in the special-purpose short distance communication of the electronic charging physical layer standard based on FSK modulation demodulation system parameter request, and traffic rate can be upgraded to 1.5Mbps; Can drive the radio communication high power module, the hardware system that satnav is relevant is taked the automobile power taking, and working power is stable.The radio frequency link adopts powered battery, possesses power management function, possesses two kinds of power mode of work and dormancy at least, can charge to battery during external power supply, and charge protector is arranged; Possesses the Contact Type Ic Card read-write interface, LCD interface and USB interface.
2. software function:
Modular design according to the mobile unit hardware configuration, software function can be passed through serial mode configuration device parameter and application parameter, the fetch equipment recorded information realizes satnav message pick-up and parsing, the GSM function of receiving and sending short message, the GPRS function of surfing the Net, DSRC checks communication protocol, and inspection is used, the DSRC broadcast capability realizes embedding special electronic charge map function.
The DSRC module:
The DSRC module of mobile unit is used to realize satellite charge fee evasion inspection function, and as the passage of information service, realizes integrated ETC function simultaneously.The main software module comprises: equipment interface driving, application software and PC configuration and monitoring software.
Satellite charge+radio access module:
Mobile unit carries the road information that simply can characterize the dotted line relation, according to satnav information vehicle is projected to current highway section, and memory vehicle ' highway section.Realize embedding special electronic charge map, possess the road matching algorithm, determine the vehicle ' highway section exactly according to current location information and historical data, and memory vehicle ' highway section, the road usage charges calculated automatically according to road section information and rate information; Have simple liquid crystal display function, inform driver's toll amount, account balance and simple toll road prompt facility and expand the map demonstration and service information indicating function; Realize the GSM function of receiving and sending short message according to the short message coding protocol of text or PDU form, and realize the GPRS function of surfing the Net, and realize on this function that pay imformation is uploaded with information service and expand.The software architecture of special-purpose short distance communication of the present utility model is seen Fig. 2; The main program flow chart of the special-purpose short distance communication of mobile unit of the present utility model is seen Fig. 3; Satnav of the present utility model-wireless access toll collection applications software architecture figure sees Fig. 4; Satnav of the present utility model-wireless access toll collection applications main flow chart is seen Fig. 5.
Embed the introduction of special electronic charge map: electronic chart is made up of with sign, ornamenting information and all kinds of additional information relevant with actual atural object the geodata of the actual atural object of record usually.Electronic chart mainly is made of road shape data, background data, topological data and attribute data, closely is connected between them, uses the service that provides for automobile navigation jointly.Because at present charge is at road, so relate to shape data, topological data and the attribute data of the road key element that is absolutely necessary.Electronic map data must refining as much as possible under the situation that guarantees precision and quantity of information in addition, and its data structure also must meet the requirement of embedded device demonstration, computing and analysis more simultaneously.Electronic chart can compress by simplifying map datum, removes unnecessary tie point, can reduce the data volume of electronic chart greatly, saves data space and reduces the program calculated amount.
Mobile unit map attribute definition mainly is the highway section attribute definition, and principle reduces number of attributes as far as possible, removes unnecessary attribute definition.By demand analysis to system, to simplify as information such as road name, length and be put into the backstage preservation, front end only keeps highway section numbering and two information of charge type.
In conjunction with China's actual conditions, highway adheres to different highway companies separately, and the rate of charge also there are differences, the advantage of Shi Shiing is like this, charge by kilometer, rate can change with the period (peak period and normal period), also can change (highway section blocks up) with the location.Can solve the problem of blocking up preferably.The flow process of concrete charging process is seen Fig. 6.
Mobile unit technical indicator: 1, system: load embedded Linux operating system, dominant frequency 100M supports MMU; Data-interface: USB interface; Spatial spread: data space 〉=16M, program's memory space 〉=16M; Data rate: 1. DSRC: uplink communication speed 〉=1.5Mbps, downgoing communication speed 〉=1.5Mbps; 2. GSM:9600bps; 3. GPRS (possessing after the upgrading): receiving velocity can reach 86.20kbps, and transmission rate can reach 21.5kbps; 4. GPS:9600bps; 2, transaction error: less than 10
-5, refer to that the equipment of operate as normal is finished the transaction error of once checking flow process in DSRC transaction zone; 3, communication distance: DSRC communication distance 〉=15m; 4, satnav performance: 1. receive 4 stars when above, bearing accuracy can reach 5-6 meters (review in conjunction with the applied map data, can accurately locate the vehicle on the parallel road); 2. tracking mode: full visual field; 3. receive frequency: L11575.42MHz C/A sign indicating number, 12 parallel channels; 4. warm start:<15 meters.5, GSM transmission mode: MT/MO/CB/PDU pattern; 6, Contact Type Ic Card: meet the requirement of area networking toll collection technique; 6, energy consumption: the average working current of location and communications portion is 580mA during operate as normal, park mode electric current: 40mA.
Above-mentioned fee evasion auditing system is the user's fee evasion checking and administration equipment on the toll road of being installed in that adopts arm processor.This equipment adopts the Dedicated Short Range Communications, technology based on 5.8GHz, the situation of paying the fees of the vehicular traffic by its communication zone and equipment user mode are carried out supervisory, thereby matching management unit is to the management that exercises supervision of the state of paying the fees of vehicle.Be installed in the car plate of the video camera automatic shooting vehicle on the road,, realize the information transmission of trackside inspection equipment and car-mounted terminal, confirm whether vehicle correctly installs mobile unit, whether consistent with information of vehicles in the information bank simultaneously by the DSRC communication technology.In-problem information of vehicles will be transferred to the chargeable service center and confirm.
The principle of the structure of the background management system of above-mentioned administrative center is to be core with a database, realizes that user data and trackside inspection data independently insert, and provide network edition inquiry service simultaneously.