CN201053026Y - Non-ferrous metal smelting device - Google Patents
Non-ferrous metal smelting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201053026Y CN201053026Y CNU2007201438860U CN200720143886U CN201053026Y CN 201053026 Y CN201053026 Y CN 201053026Y CN U2007201438860 U CNU2007201438860 U CN U2007201438860U CN 200720143886 U CN200720143886 U CN 200720143886U CN 201053026 Y CN201053026 Y CN 201053026Y
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- furnace
- smelting
- lead
- settling tank
- ferrous metal
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 53
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 abstract description 52
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 48
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009867 copper metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 4
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009868 nickel metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015220 hamburgers Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010058490 Hyperoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000736911 Turritella communis Species 0.000 description 1
- NACUKFIFISCLOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Cr] Chemical compound [Mg].[Cr] NACUKFIFISCLOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015111 chews Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000222 hyperoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009858 zinc metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a smelting furnace which comprises a cylindrical suspension smelting furnace provided with an air port, a secondary intermediate air coke reactor and a matched general reduction electric furnace, wherein, the suspension smelting furnace comprises the following three parts: a cylindrical settling tank, a cylindrical reaction tower and an uptake flue. The furnace has the advantages that: the furnace is a multifunctional smelting furnace and is mainly used for smelting lead, copper and nickel; the furnace has continuous stability, an airtight furnace body, ideal labor safety condition, less flue gas, high concentration of SO2, reliable flue gas treatment and ideal environmental protection effect; moreover, the furnace realizes one-step smelting of lead and makes full use of smelting reaction heat, thereby saving energy resources. Moreover, the furnace has high smelting strength and adopts a lead smelting process with a plurality of advantages; the furnace can adapt to raw materials well and can smelt both low grade lead ore and materials with high content of zinc at lower smelting unit consumption and production cost; an exhaust heat boiler system is adopted with the steam used to generate electricity and dry furnace charge, thereby making full use of waste heat; moreover, the furnace generates less smelting flue gas and has lower soot yield because less soot is carried by the flue gas.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of nonferrous smelting device, specifically relates to a kind of plumbum smelting.
Background technology
Plumbous smelting process is summarised as traditional method, direct lead smelting process.The tradition method is a sintering---blast-furnace method; Directly lead smelting process is promptly cancelled the concentrate of lead sulfide ore sintering process, and the production of sperm ore deposit is directly into the method for stove melting.Traditional for many years method is plumbous main production method, but along with the mankind to improving constantly that environmental protection, energy-conservation understanding require, show outstanding the shortcoming day of traditional method, a lot of in the world plumbous smelteries adopt direct lead smelting process to substitute traditional method step by step.Directly refining can reduce the primary reformer method along method, as lucky husband's Saite method, QSL method, kaldo process, Wa Niukefufa, finishes the lead smelt process in a stove.Two sections oven processes such as Australia Si Maitefa, Ai Safa, mountain, mouth of a river method are finished the lead bullion production process in two stoves.Below to various lead bullion production method brief reviews:
1) traditional method
Tradition method duration of service is remote, technology maturation reliable, it is stable to produce.But there is the difficult shortcoming that continues acceptance of people in traditional method.
(1) sinter machine, blast furnace produce large-minded, and SO
2The flue gas that concentration is low is difficult to administer economically, so that can cause severe contamination to environment.
(2) a large amount of oxidation reaction heats are underutilized in the sintering process, and agglomerate cools off the back at the metallurgical coke of blast furnace smelting with the mass consumption costliness, the energy consumption height.
(3) technical process is long, equipment is many; Material cycling is many, and agglomerate returns fragmentation, compound sintering, blast furnacing and produces leaded dust and contain lead steam, SO
2Flue gas, low vacancy pollution is serious, operating environment is poor, work, industrial hygiene condition are poor, to the worker is healthy bigger harm arranged.
Because traditional method labour safety and hygiene condition is poor, the energy consumption height, damage by fume is difficult to administer, so transformed or substituted by other technology gradually.
2) oxidizing semlting adds the method for retailoring of blast furnace
Many plumbous smelteries, China and foreign countries in the present age adopt one section oxidized still melting, produce high lead slag, produce lead bullion with traditional retailoring of blast furnace high lead slag again.These method relative merits:
Little, the SO of oxidized still exhaust gas volumn
2Concentration height, flue gas are easy to administer, the sulphur more than 90% obtains recycling, and environmental pollution and work industrial hygiene condition have bigger improvement than traditional method, but shortcoming:
(1) except oxidized still, also wants one section retailoring of blast furnace.
(2) the oxidized still flue gas obtains fine improvement, but reduction blast furnace flue gas is still measured greatly, SO
2Concentration is low, manage than refractory.
(3) high lead slag that produces of oxidizing reaction need cool off, broken, again at retailoring of blast furnace, with addition of the metallurgical coke of costliness, utilization of Heat of Reaction is insufficient, energy consumption is still higher.
It is not thorough that this method is directly refined lead, perfect directly refining splicer skill, transfer is reduced in the 2nd shaft furnace if Australia Si Maitefa further improves the realization molten materials, without blast furnace reduction, (former research and development target) then can further improve working conditions pollution abatement, energy efficient, but some men of Australia Si Maitefa lead refinery do not give approval to reduction shaft furnace until now, still adopt blast furnace reduction.So consider that from stove life-span, energy consumption, production operation condition aspect such two-stage method also is not that ideal directly refines plumbous scheme.
It is worth noting that Australia Si Maite company carries out oxidizing semlting, retailoring, slag fuming processing with 1 Australia Si Maite stove in India zinc company, 1 stove, 3 usefulness, lead bullion throughput reaches 50kt/a, obtains the industrialization success, has begun to put into practice former research and development aim.The Australia Si Maite stove that this 1 stove is used more, adaptability to raw material is wide, it is simple to get the raw materials ready, operation is few, and reduced investment is a kind of Technology preferably.
But Australia's Si Maite melting exists the stove life-span shorter, and reduction period, fuming phase flue gas will be allocated SO into
2Shortcoming such as relieving haperacidity is the major cause of this technology popularization of restriction continuously.
3) the direct lead smelting process of primary reformer
Wa Niukefufa
The Wa Niukefu stove is mainly used in copper metallurgy, and existing indivedual station-services are plumbous in refining, but small scale.The Wa Niukefufa labor condition is poor, and lining life is short, is suitable for enterprise medium and small and that Equipment Requirement is not high.
The QSL method
The QSL method is once in German Manfred Stohl Burger, Korea S Wen Shan, NW China smeltery, the Canadian Ke Mingke use of founding the factory, because oxidation in the stove, reducing atmosphere are difficult to control, operation easier is big, furnace lining washes away and corrodes soon, life-span of oxygen lance is short, problems such as slagging scorification obstruction, be only test run and add up to for 3 times the operation less than to stop production in 12 months NW China smeltery 15.Ke Mingke builds up and can't normally move in 4 years and transform lucky husband's Saite method as.Korea S Wen Shan is split up into two chambers through the test run transformation with oxidation and reduction, produces so far 13 years.Production is kept in the repeatedly technological transformation in nearly 10 years of Germany's Manfred Stohl Burger.As seen QSL method furnace lining, life-span of oxygen lance short, be difficult to control and operation, equipment failure is many, does not declare employing.
The many stoves of Ka Er
The many stoves of Ka Er are same stove oxidation, retailoring intermittent operation by stages, reduction period kiln gas SO
2Seldom, have to absorb compression condensation part SO in oxidation period
2The flue gas acid preparing system is normal continuously to be moved to keep in the flue gas for liquid adds in the reduction period parsing, operates cumbersome.Relieving haperacidity also is the very big difficulty of this technology popularization.
Lucky husband's Saite method
Lucky husband's Saite method is developed in the former Soviet Union, builds up a plumbous smeltery that day handles 400～500t furnace charge at the remote Nuo Gesike of the Wu Sijika of Kazakhstan in 1988, and agile these companies of Italian ENI in 1986 build the Wei Simai smeltery of 80kt/a.
The discarded former QSL stove of Canada Ke Mingke was built the plumbous lucky husband's Saite method of Te Leier 100kt/a smeltery in 1994.Lucky husband's Saite method is actual to be a kind of flash direct smelting method.Lucky husband's Saite stove is made up of two reaction zones, establishes in the stove with partition wall, and partition wall one side is an oxidation reaction zone, and opposite side is the reduction zone.Oxidation zone is provided with vertical reaction tower, granularity＜1mm, moisture＜1% furnace charge is sprayed into by the cat head nozzle, under the condition of hyperoxia position (containing oxygen 90～95%), high temperature (750～1400 ℃), be suspended state from top to bottom, float, by conducting heat, mass transfer and gas-solid, gas-liquid reaction are finished the oxidation sweetening and the slag making of furnace charge.The bath of oxidizing reaction melts under the over-oxidized heat tower enters coke layer and obtains first stage of reduction, and most of metallic lead leaches in the oxidation melt.The lead skim mixture enters the electric furnace reduction district that liquid phase is communicated with again, adds coke plumbous zinc oxide under reducing atmosphere and be reduced in electric furnace, and zinc fume is oxidized to zinc oxide at the electric furnace outlet section, can reclaim by gathering dust in the reduction flue gas.Lucky husband's Saite furnace gas is separated by partition wall, and the oxidation panel flue gas contains SO
2Height is sent to relieving haperacidity by the waste heat boiler cooling and after gathering dust.Slag is emitted by the different elevated outlets in reduction zone with lead bullion.
Lucky husband's Saite stove characteristics:
(1) adaptability to raw material is strong, and is leaded 20～70%, sulphur 13.5～28%, and the raw material of silver 100～8000g/t all can be used and can handle and contain the zinc furnace charge, also can handle slag charge.
(2) stove operation continous-stable, the stove longevity is long, and upkeep cost is economized.
(3) rate of recovery height of major metal, lead recovery can reach 98%, and gold and silver can reach 99%, and the zinc recovery in the raw material can reach more than 60%.
(4) exhaust gas volumn is little, flue gas SO
2The concentration height is convenient to administer, the enabling environment protection.
(5) redox is finished in a stove, and reaction heat makes full use of, and energy consumption is low.
(6) body of heater is airtight, easily is automated, mechanize, and the loss of body of heater fume is few, operational condition good, labor safety, industrial hygiene condition are good.
(7) plumbous zinc associated enterprises is had more advantage, lucky husband's Saite stove can be handled the zinc hydrometallurgy slag, reclaims plumbous zinc, silver, indium.Lucky husband's Saite kiln gas, zinc oxide can send the zinc metallurgy system handles to accomplish plumbous zinc complementation.
Lucky husband's Saite stove shortcoming is: investment cost is many, particularly obtains lucky husband's Saite technical licensing channel difficulty; In addition, the operative technique precision prescribed is higher.
In sum, each lead smelting process of the world today all has weak point.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the shortcoming of above various smelting processes, develop new non-ferrous metal smelting furnace and its smelting technology, the multi-functional melt furnace of present patent application contriver's research and development both can be used to refine lead and also can change functional mode according to market situation in order to copper metallurgy, nickel metallurgy.
The multi-functional melt furnace that patent application of the present invention provides, it is plumbous that it is mainly used to refining, also can change functional mode according to market situation in order to non-ferrous metals such as copper metallurgy, nickel metallurgys simultaneously.
The invention provides a kind of non-ferrous metal smelting device, form by the burnt reactor of wind in the middle of the secondary of cylindrical suspension smelting furnace that is provided with the air port and both sides, supporting general electric reduction furnace, said suspension smelting furnace comprises following three parts: be positioned at the suspended smelting furnace bottom cylindrical settling tank, be positioned at the cylindrical reaction tower on settling tank top, the funnel uptake of settling tank side, the bottom of funnel uptake directly links to each other with settling tank.
Smelting furnace provided by the invention comprises: be provided with the cylindrical suspension smelting furnace and the burnt reactor of the middle wind of secondary in air port, supporting general electric reduction furnace 1.; 2, one section deep oxidation of whole process using, three sections drastic reductions; 3, technology is continuous, and relieving haperacidity is stable, the heat utilization efficiency height.
Smelting furnace provided by the invention comprises: 1 is provided with the burnt reactor of the middle wind of cylindrical suspension smelting furnace, secondary in air port and the smelting system that electric reduction furnace matches; 2, the burnt reactor of wind in the middle of cylindrical suspension smelting furnace (containing the air port) and the secondary; 3, one section oxidation, three sections reductive smelting technologyes.
Smelting furnace provided by the invention comprises, a burnt reactor of wind and a next-door neighbour's electric furnace in the middle of cylindrical suspension smelting furnace, the secondary.The burnt reactor of wind carried out the oxygen enrichment reduction in the middle of the slag that shower furnace produces entered secondary by chute, and reduction back melt flows into electric furnace and carries out the plumbous reduction of the degree of depth, and whole technological process is carried out continuously.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 smelting furnace
Accompanying drawing 2 smelting furnaces refining splicer process flow figure
Accompanying drawing 3 smelting furnace front views
Accompanying drawing 4 smelting furnace side-views
1. reaction tower 2. settling tanks 3. waste heat boilers 4. cats head 5. concentrate burners 6. tremie pipes 7. oxygen wind overlap after 8. tremie pipes, 9. powdery furnace charges, 10. oil firing mouths, 11. blast orifices, 12. focal areas, 13. slag notches, 14. lead outlet 15. put plumbous mouthful of 16. vertical gas passes, 17. burners, 18. funnel uptakes, 19. radiation zones, 20. convective regions, 21. shafts, 22. molten bath cupola wells, 23. furnace roofs, 24. drum systems, 25. double blast orifice 26. siphon lead tapholes 27. coke powder charging openings 28. electric precipitations, when flue gas acid preparing 29. smelting systems are used to refine lead, output 70% lead bullion in reaction tower oxidation and the preliminary reduction process, the settling tank of reaction tower is established siphon lead tap, produce lead bullion 30. siphons and go out lead, slag send blast furnace fuming 31. non-ferrous metal multi-functional melt furnace unit interface charts: this figure is mainly used to illustrate that technology connects and the major equipment configuration.Smelting system continuous operation, technological process are divided into three phases to carry out; Reaction tower oxidation and preliminary reduction section, the burnt reduction furnace reduction section of secondary air, electric furnace reduction stripper.The burnt reduction furnace of secondary air is designed to be connected with electric reduction furnace is whole, not to peripheral hardware melt discharge outlet.A. coke post in the burnt reduction furnace C. of the suspension smelting furnace B. secondary air electric reduction furnace H. stove
Embodiment
1. suspension smelting furnace provided by the invention comprises three parts: cylindrical settling tank, cylindrical reaction tower, funnel uptake.
Said reaction tower funnel uptake is erected at the settling tank side, about 8 meters of reaction tower height.Reaction tower is built by laying bricks or stones by magnesite chrome brick, also can other structure formation, be provided with the cooling element protection.Cat head is provided with a standby Sweet natural gas and burns and chew or solar oil burns and chews, and uses for stopping the material insulation.Central authorities burn and chew outer uniform 3 concentrate nozzles; Perhaps central authorities are provided with 1 concentrate nozzle, burn to chew to be located at top side face.Concentrate nozzle central authorities are fitted with tremie pipe, tremie pipe has oxygen-rich air or oxygen wind cover outward, wind covers into the tower post shrinkage and becomes trunnion, and then expansion is hydraucone, the tremie pipe straight cutting is to the throat mouth, the powdery furnace charge provides from the throat mouth by tremie pipe, and oxygen-rich air or purity oxygen become high-speed jet at the throat mouth, is dispersed into the vaporific reaction tower of sending the furnace charge introducing and through hydraucone into.Nozzle will react air, and the furnace charge blending dispersion is also sent into tower, and the wind material is suspension, enter the high-temperature zone metallurgical chemistry reaction promptly takes place; In reaction tower from cat head down temperature progressively be elevated to 1380 ℃ from more than 800 ℃, under certain oxidizing atmosphere, decompose and oxidizing reaction, and descend slowly and lightly with 2.1～3m/sec, finish the smelting reaction in 2.5～3.5sec time.Reaction back melts drops to the focal area of high 200mm on the slag line earlier, the oxygen-rich air that blasts oxygen concentration 30-50% by several air ports, focal area carries out the retailoring first time, be reduced into metal Pb in the PbO of about 70-80% and the coke layer of focal area, lead separates at settling tank with slag, most lead bullion is put plumbous mouthful from settling tank and is emitted, and small part lead is PbO and enters high lead slag.The reaction tower flue gas enters settling tank, and to funnel uptake, settling tank is provided with the side wall steel pipe with 5～7m/sec velocity flow, horizontal water jacket, vertical water jacket cooling protection.For the flue dust that flue gas is carried sinks, funnel uptake velocity of flue gas＜7m/s, for alleviating melting flue dust bonding, funnel uptake is made vertically upward, highly about more than ten meters, directly links to each other with waste heat boiler radiation cooling section.
2, suspension smelting furnace slag burnt reactor of wind in the middle of chute flows to secondary.The burnt reactor of wind is made up of water jacket, air port, molten bath etc.Liquid slag is reduced when flowing through the high temperature coke post of this stove for the second time.Focal area temperature about 1200 degree of coke post, main oxygen-rich air and coke reaction generation by blasting from the air port.
3, through behind the secondary reduction, slag and lead in the middle of the secondary in the burnt reactor of wind flow into electric furnace together, and flue gas mixes laggard waste heat boiler collection waste heat and gathers dust with electric furnace flue gas.Furnace power satisfies the thermal equilibrium requirement, is provided with 3 electrodes, and reduction temperature is kept in electrically heated, and reductive agent is 15～30mm crushed coke or broken coal, and high lead slag adds electric furnace reduction, and reduction back lead-in-dreg is 1-2%.Reducing slag hangs toward fuming furnace with steamed stuffed bun and handles.
The plumbous principal reaction of stove refining provided by the invention:
Decompose and oxidizing reaction:
S+O
2＝SO
2；
4FeS
2+11O
2＝2Fe
2O
3+8SO
2；
CaCO
3＝CaO+CO
2；
MgCO
3＝MgO+CO
2
The slag making reaction
2FeO+SiO
2＝2FeO·SiO
2；CaO+SiO
2＝CaO·SiO
2；PbO+SiO
2＝PbO·SiO
2
By reduction reaction behind focal area, the burnt reduction furnace of secondary air and the electric furnace
2PbO+C＝2Pb+CO
2；2Fe
2O
3+C＝4FeO+CO
2
Stove melting provided by the invention has the following advantages, and the oxidation panel state belongs to the suspension melting, and the smelting reaction times is short, finishes the smelting reaction several seconds, sets up the reduction focal area at oxidation panel simultaneously and carries out the air blast reduction; Stove smelting reduction section provided by the invention divides two bodies of heater to carry out, and reduction reaction is more thorough, and process control is simple; Except that the focal area in the tower, oxidation and reduction reaction process are relatively independent, and the technology controlling and process ratio is easier to.This and lucky husband's Saite stove are different fully.Lucky husband's Saite stove oxidation panel and be provided with partition wall with reduction section, complex structure, the partition wall potential safety hazard is bigger, the controlling of production process difficulty, lead-in-dreg is higher relatively.Stove provided by the invention is also different with other smelting furnace system.Stove provided by the invention has been done great breakthrough on lead smelting technology.
(1) be a kind of multi-functional melt furnace according to the data of grasping at present through qualitative analysis stove more provided by the invention, it is plumbous that it is mainly used to refining, simultaneously also can copper metallurgy, nickel metallurgy; Stove continous-stable provided by the invention, body of heater is airtight, the labor safety condition is good; Kiln gas amount provided by the invention is few, SO
2The concentration height, smoke gas treatment is reliable, environmental protection good; Stove provided by the invention is that a step lead smelting process, smelting reaction heat make full use of, save the energy.Have multinomial advantage so stove provided by the invention is a kind of smelting intensity height, be new lead smelting technology.
(2) stove adaptability to raw material provided by the invention is strong, can smelt low-grade lead ore, also can refine to contain the higher material of zinc.
(3) the smelting unit consumption is lower, and production cost is low;
(4) adopt afterheat boiler system, steam is used for generating electricity and dry furnace charge, and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN is abundant;
(5) the flue gas during smelting amount is low, and the flue dust of taking out of because of flue gas is just few, and dust rate is also relatively low.
As can be seen from the figure: smelting apparatus of the present utility model comprises smelting furnace A, the secondary burnt reactor B of middle wind and general electric reduction furnace C.
Described suspension smelting furnace A comprises reaction tower 1, settling tank 2, waste heat boiler 3.
Reaction tower 1 is cylindrical tower body, the height more than 8 meters, internal diameter 4-7 rice, whole tower body is fixed with steel structure support and is supported.The body of the tower shell is metal water jacket, and inwall is built by laying bricks or stones as resistant to elevated temperatures magnesia chrome brick.Water jacket cools off masonry, increases the service life.Cat head 4 is the ball collar structure, and shell is metal water jacket, and inwall is that magnesium chromium matter pouring material is built and formed; A concentrate burner 5 has been installed by cat head 4 central authorities, concentrate burner central authorities are fitted with tremie pipe 6, tremie pipe has oxygen-rich air or oxygen wind cover 7 outward, wind covers into the tower post shrinkage and becomes trunnion, and then enlarge and to be hydraucone, tremie pipe 8 straight cuttings are to the throat mouth, and powdery furnace charge 9 provides from the throat mouth by tremie pipe, oxygen-rich air or purity oxygen become high-speed jet at the throat mouth, are dispersed into the vaporific reaction tower 1 of sending the furnace charge introducing and through hydraucone into.Concentrate burner is generally made with carbon steel or stainless steel.Oil firing mouth 10 is installed in the concentrate burner next door.
The usefulness Al-Cr-Ti is brick builds for described settling tank 2, and shell is with boiler sheet weldering system, and masonry exterior-applied liquid medicine cover cools off, and is provided with the side wall steel pipe, horizontal water jacket, vertical water jacket cooling protection.On settling tank 2 slag lines 100 millimeters positions be provided with air port 11 several, reaction back melts drops to the focal area 12 of high 200mm on the slag line earlier, the oxygen-rich air that blasts oxygen concentration 30-50% by several air ports 12, focal area carries out the retailoring first time.Settling tank 2 outer slag notch 13 and the siphon lead tapholes 14 of being provided with.Plumbous separate in settling tank 2 with slag, most lead bullion is put plumbous mouthful 15 from settling tank 2 and is emitted, and small part lead is PbO and enters high lead slag.(annexation of these three parts does not know that suspension tower 1, waste heat boiler 3 are independent framework supporting to settling tank 2, and end opening all directly is connected with settling tank 2, and Link Port seals with flexible high temperature sealing material in vertical gas pass 16 bottoms of waste heat boiler 3.) be provided with the heating usefulness burner 17.
The burnt reactor B of wind is made up of steel steam jacket shaft 21, molten bath cupola well 22, furnace roof 23 and drum system 24 in the middle of the said secondary.Cylindrical or the rectangle structure that shaft is made for the steel steam jacket is provided with double blast orifice 25, blasts oxygen-rich air in stove, and the focal area temperature about 1200 degree of coke post H mainly produces by oxygen-rich air and the coke reaction that blasts from the air port.Furnace roof 23 also is the steel jacket structure for water, and furnace roof is provided with coke charging opening, liquid slag divider and floss hole.The usefulness Al-Cr-Ti is brick builds for cupola well 22, and shell is with boiler sheet weldering system.Drum system 24 is that shaft water jacket, flue water jacket are collected heat, 6 atmospheric steam of output.The slag of this smelting furnace output and lead bullion directly enter electric reduction furnace C.Closely be connected with electric reduction furnace during installation as far as possible.
Electric reduction furnace C is general slag cleaning furnace, is provided with 3 self baking electrodes.Because be general body of heater, here to not doing too much explanation on the structure.Be used for electric furnace difference of the present invention and be that the electric furnace furnace roof is provided with secondary material and coke powder charging opening 27; The side is provided with siphon lead taphole 26 etc.Because water jacket, the water pipe of cooling usefulness are routine techniques so do not draw in detail in the drawings.
The powdery furnace charge that the system of getting the raw materials ready gets ready provides from the throat mouth by tremie pipe, and oxygen-rich air or purity oxygen become high-speed jet at the throat mouth, is dispersed into the vaporific reaction tower of sending the furnace charge introducing and through hydraucone into.Nozzle will react air, and the furnace charge blending dispersion is also sent into tower, and the wind material is suspension, enter the high-temperature zone metallurgical chemistry reaction promptly takes place; In reaction tower from cat head down temperature progressively be elevated to 1380 ℃ from more than 800 ℃, under certain oxidizing atmosphere, decompose and oxidizing reaction, and descend slowly and lightly with 2.1～3m/sec, finish the smelting reaction in 2.5～3.5sec time.Reaction back melts drops to the focal area of high 200mm on the slag line earlier, the oxygen-rich air that blasts oxygen concentration 30-50% by several air ports, focal area carries out the retailoring first time, be reduced into metal Pb in the PbO of about 70-80% and the coke layer of focal area, lead separates at settling tank with slag, most lead bullion is put plumbous mouthful from settling tank and is emitted, and small part lead is PbO and enters high lead slag.The reaction tower flue gas enters settling tank,, enters acid making system behind the cooling and dedusting and produces sulfuric acid to funnel uptake (being waste heat boiler) with 5～7m/sec velocity flow.The high plumbous slag that suspension smelting furnace produces is the burnt reactor of wind in the middle of chute flows to secondary, and the slag divider by reactor head is added to red-hot coke reaction column equably with slag.Liquid slag is reduced when flowing through the high temperature coke post of this stove for the second time.Focal area temperature about 1200 degree of coke post, main oxygen-rich air and coke reaction generation by blasting from the air port.Behind the burnt reactor secondary reduction of wind in the middle of the secondary, slag and lead in the middle of the secondary in the burnt reactor of wind flow into electric furnace together, and the flue gas that the burnt reactor of middle wind produces mixes a laggard other cover waste heat boiler and collects waste heat and flue dust with electric furnace flue gas.Electric reduction furnace is clarified slag and is separated with metallic lead, add reductive agent (being 15～30mm crushed coke or broken coal) and the cold slag charge of part simultaneously in electric furnace, the plumbous oxide in the further reduced blast furnace, and making reduction back lead-in-dreg is 1-2%.Metallic lead is emitted from the siphon lead taphole of electric furnace, and reduction back slag hangs toward fuming furnace with steamed stuffed bun to be handled.
Claims (7)
1. a non-ferrous metal smelting device is made up of the burnt reactor (B) of wind in the middle of the secondary of cylindrical suspension smelting furnace (A) that is provided with the air port and both sides, supporting general electric reduction furnace (C), it is characterized in that; Said suspension smelting furnace (A) comprises following three parts: be positioned at the funnel uptake (3) of the cylindrical settling tank (2) of suspension smelting furnace (A) bottom, the cylindrical reaction tower (1) that is positioned at settling tank (2) top, settling tank (2) side, the bottom of funnel uptake (3) directly links to each other with settling tank (2).
2. according to the said non-ferrous metal smelting device of claim 1, it is characterized in that said reaction tower funnel uptake is erected at said settling tank and surveys the limit, the reaction tower height is 8 meters.
3. according to the non-ferrous metal smelting device of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that said reaction tower (1) built by laying bricks or stones by magnesite chrome brick, tower has air port (12), and the coke in focusing district carries out air blast, creates preliminary reduction atmosphere.
4. according to the said non-ferrous metal smelting device of claim 3, it is characterized in that said reaction tower cat head is provided with standby Sweet natural gas burner or solar oil burner, concentrate burner (5) is located at furnace roof central authorities, and burner (10) is arranged in the outside of concentrate burner.
5. according to the non-ferrous metal smelting device of claim 4, it is characterized in that said concentrate burner (5) is a central nozzle, burner (10) is located at top survey face.
6. according to the non-ferrous metal smelting device of claim 5, it is characterized in that said concentrate burner (5) central authorities are fitted with tremie pipe (6), said tremie pipe is provided with oxygen enrichment or oxygen wind cover (7) outward, wind covers into the tower post shrinkage and becomes trunnion, and then be expanded into hydraucone, and the tremie pipe straight cutting is to the throat mouth, and powdery furnace charge (9) provides from the throat mouth by tremie pipe, oxygen-rich air or purity oxygen become high-speed jet at the throat mouth, are dispersed into the vaporific reaction tower (1) of sending the furnace charge introducing and through hydraucone into.
7. according to the said non-ferrous metal smelting device of claim 6, it is characterized in that the burnt reactor of the middle wind of said secondary comprises water jacket (21), air port (25), molten bath (22).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201438860U CN201053026Y (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2007-04-16 | Non-ferrous metal smelting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200720141518.2 | 2007-03-19 | ||
| CN200720141518 | 2007-03-19 | ||
| CNU2007201438860U CN201053026Y (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2007-04-16 | Non-ferrous metal smelting device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201053026Y true CN201053026Y (en) | 2008-04-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201438860U Expired - Lifetime CN201053026Y (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2007-04-16 | Non-ferrous metal smelting device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111411230A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-14 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Suspension smelting electrothermal reduction furnace and method for smelting zinc concentrate |
| CN118207417A (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-06-18 | 中南大学 | Method for inhibiting zinc vapor oxidation and direct zinc smelting, application thereof and molten pool reduction furnace |
-
2007
- 2007-04-16 CN CNU2007201438860U patent/CN201053026Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111411230A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-14 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Suspension smelting electrothermal reduction furnace and method for smelting zinc concentrate |
| CN118207417A (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-06-18 | 中南大学 | Method for inhibiting zinc vapor oxidation and direct zinc smelting, application thereof and molten pool reduction furnace |
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