CN200967775Y - Composite UBF anaerobic organism waste water treatment reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite UBF anaerobic biological wastewater treatment reactor, which belongs to the field of anaerobic biological wastewater treatment reactors. The reactor includes a vertical tank, a water inlet, a water outlet and a biological filler area inside the tank. The lower part of the vertical tank is a granular sludge area, the upper part is a sludge suspension area, the middle part is a biological filler area, and the upper part is a Adsorption-micro-electrolysis area, the water inlet is connected to the granular sludge area, and the filter adsorption area is connected to the water outlet. The reactor integrates anaerobic granular sludge digestion, anaerobic filter and adsorption-micro-electrolysis treatment in the same anaerobic reactor, and the whole device has a compact structure and is easy to operate. By adopting the technology of the utility model, it is more effective to treat the refractory and toxic organic waste water with high content of suspended matter, especially darker chroma.

Description

Composite UBF anaerobic biological wastewater treatment reactor

1. Technical field

The utility model relates to a water treatment device for organic waste water, in particular to an anaerobic biological waste water treatment reactor.

2. Background technology

At present, high-concentration toxic organic wastewater is one of the main reasons for the aggravation of water pollution in my country, such as wastewater from some key industries such as printing and dyeing, medicine, chemical industry, and papermaking. The common feature of this kind of wastewater is that it is difficult to degrade in the environment, exists stably for a long time, and has bioaccumulation, which seriously affects human health and hinders the sustainable development of my country's economy. Therefore, the research and application of high-concentration refractory toxic organic wastewater is a hot spot in wastewater treatment technology today.

There are many kinds of water treatment devices for organic wastewater. According to different methods of degrading organic matter, such water treatment devices can be divided into two categories: physical and chemical water treatment devices and biochemical water treatment devices. Typical physical and chemical water treatment devices for organic wastewater include the following types: adsorption devices represented by activated carbon adsorption and macroporous resin adsorption, membrane separation devices represented by reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration, photocatalytic oxidation, supercritical catalytic Advanced oxidation devices represented by oxidation and ultrasonic catalytic oxidation. There are many types of biochemical water treatment devices, but they can be divided into two categories: aerobic and anaerobic.

The adsorption device uses the adsorption of different adsorbents to remove organic pollutants in water. Activated carbon adsorption devices can be divided into fixed bed type, moving bed type and fluid bed type according to the different operation modes of the adsorbent. The shape of adsorbent activated carbon is powdered and granular. Granular activated carbon is easier to regenerate than powdered activated carbon, so granular activated carbon is mostly used in active adsorption devices. The macroporous resin adsorption device developed in the 1960s uses macroporous resin as the adsorbent. The difference from activated carbon adsorption is that macroporous resin adsorption has high selectivity, so organic matter in water can be recovered.

Membrane separation devices use the selective permeability of membranes to remove organic pollutants in water. According to the size of the membrane pores, they can be divided into various types such as reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration. There are four structural forms of type, roll type and hollow fiber type. The main difference between reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration devices is the size of their membranes. Membrane separation device is a deep water treatment device that can remove trace organic pollutants in water.

Biological method is the most economical and effective way to remove organic matter in wastewater. It is the process of using the metabolic activities in the life process of microorganisms to decompose organic matter into simple inorganic matter to remove organic pollutants. According to the demand for oxygen in the metabolic process, microorganisms can be divided into aerobic microorganisms, anaerobic microorganisms and facultative microorganisms in between. According to the way of water flow, it can be divided into continuous type and sequential batch type, and according to the existence of microorganisms, it can be divided into activated sludge method and biofilm method. Representative types include activated sludge tanks, biological filters, biological digestion and oxidation towers, oxidation ditch, biological turntables, upflow sludge reactors,

The above-mentioned various organic wastewater treatment devices have their own advantages and disadvantages, and can only be applied to a certain range. The effluent water quality of various adsorption devices is good, but due to the large amount of adsorbent used and the need for regeneration, the operating cost is relatively high. The effluent water quality of various membrane devices is also good, but the requirements for the membrane are relatively high, the production cost of the membrane is high, and the membrane is easily polluted during operation, requiring stricter pretreatment. The production cost of the catalyst in the photocatalytic device is relatively high, and it cannot be mass-produced. Moreover, the catalyst is easily deactivated and requires strict pretreatment. Supercritical devices require high temperature and high pressure, so they have high requirements for equipment materials, high fixed costs, and difficult maintenance.

CN02282322.0 (new internal circulation anaerobic reactor) discloses an anaerobic bioreactor for organic wastewater. This is an improved reactor proposed to solve the complex structure and high cost of the internal circulation anaerobic reactor. It retains the upflow tube, downflow tube, settling area and gas-liquid separator. There is a reaction zone. After the improvement, the new internal circulation anaerobic reactor can still form the internal circulation, but the structure is simplified and the cost is reduced. CN 03158355.5 (an expanded granular sludge bed anaerobic reactor-aerobic membrane bioreactor combination system for reclaimed water reuse technology for domestic sewage treatment), relates to domestic sewage treatment and sludge reduction technology, which is characterized in that Expanded granular sludge bed anaerobic reactor - aerobic membrane bioreactor combined into a treatment system to treat low-concentration domestic sewage. CN03222763.9 (a membrane mud method anaerobic reactor), wherein the structure is that the shell is divided into multiple reaction pools by the upper baffle plate, and the lower baffle plate is arranged in the reaction pool, and the upper and lower baffles The partition and the water outlet form an up and down dislocation baffle structure. The lower part of the reaction tank is an anaerobic activated sludge area, and there is activated sludge in the anaerobic activated sludge area. The upper part is filled with fillers fixed by supports, cover plates and A biogas collection chamber is formed between the fillers, and there are biogas collection pipes.

The research results show that the existing biochemical water treatment devices are only suitable for domestic sewage with low biological toxicity and easy biodegradation. It is difficult to meet the treatment requirements for refractory and high-concentration toxic organic wastewater by conventional aerobic or anaerobic biological treatment. Complex pre-processing and post-processing devices are required, which greatly increases operating costs and occupies a large area. A single aerobic biological treatment device consumes a lot of energy, requires aeration, and can only treat low-concentration and easily degradable domestic sewage or as a follow-up treatment of other treatment methods. The general anaerobic biological treatment system can treat high-concentration and refractory organic wastewater with low energy consumption and small floor space, and can also recover methane (CH ₄ ) gas produced by anaerobic treatment, resulting in certain economic benefits, but This equipment is difficult to treat high-concentration toxic wastewater, and the treated effluent is difficult to meet the ideal requirements. Usually, other physicochemical or biochemical treatment devices are required for follow-up treatment, which increases the operating cost and floor space, and makes the operation more difficult. , is the main obstacle to be applied to practical engineering.

3. Contents of the invention

1 Purpose of the invention: The utility model discloses a composite UBF anaerobic biological wastewater treatment reactor for high-concentration refractory toxic organic wastewater with high treatment cost and complex treatment system, which has a simple structure and can effectively and economically treat high-concentration and difficult Degrade toxic organic wastewater.

2 technical solutions: the technical solutions of the utility model are as follows:

Composite UBF anaerobic biological wastewater treatment reactor, including vertical tank, water inlet, water outlet and biological filler area inside the tank, the lower part of the vertical tank is a granular sludge area, the upper part is a sludge suspension area, and the middle part It is a biological filler area, the upper part is an adsorption-micro-electrolysis area, the water inlet is connected to the granular sludge area, and the filter adsorption area is connected to the water outlet.

The filler in the biological filler area is pebbles, crushed stones, bricks, plastics, glass, slag, shells, corals, sponges, reticulated foam plastics or any combination thereof, and the particle size of the fillers is 2cm to 6cm. The filler in the adsorption-micro-electrolysis area is composed of adsorption filter filler and iron filings, and the adsorption filter filler is mainly coke and activated carbon.

For specific high-concentration organic wastewater, according to its characteristics, the height or number of packing area 5 (biofilm area) and adsorption-micro-electrolysis area can be increased in the reactor to achieve the expected ideal effect.

High-concentration toxic organic wastewater enters the reactor directly through the inlet pump without any pretreatment, and first enters the granular sludge area for anaerobic digestion. After the initial degradation of microorganisms in the anaerobic granular sludge, it is continuously processed Pushed by the water, it enters the sludge suspension area, and then the mixed solution of sewage and sludge passes through the biological filler area. After the sludge is intercepted by the filler, a biofilm suitable for the wastewater will gradually form on the filler, and the biofilm will be further degraded. The waste water is filtered and treated by micro-electrolysis in the adsorption-micro-electrolysis area. A small amount of small molecular organic matter or substrates will be filtered in this area or removed by micro-electrolysis on the filler. The waste water is further treated in depth. The water outlet is discharged. Among them, the degradation of wastewater in the whole reactor will produce a large amount of biogas. The biogas plays a stirring role in the granular sludge area of the reactor, and plays a role in renewing the organic matter on the surface of the packing in the packing area, reducing the micro-electrolysis of zero-valent iron and organic matter. The resistance of the mass transfer process is finally discharged and collected through the gas outlet.

The utility model can organically combine the biochemical effect and the adsorption/micro-electrolysis effect. The mechanism of anaerobic biodegradation of organic matter is to use the metabolic process of anaerobic microorganisms to convert organic matter into inorganic matter and a small amount of cellular matter without providing oxygen. These inorganic matter mainly include a large amount of biogas (and biogas) and water. . The main components of biogas are about 2/3 of CH ₄ and 1/3 of CO ₂ , which is a recyclable energy source. Anaerobic treatment effluent often contains a small amount of suspended solids (such as suspended sludge), which seriously affects the effluent water quality. Under the interception, adsorption and micro-electrolysis of iron filings/activated carbon fillers, not only the water quality is purified, but also the The loss of sludge maintains the amount of sludge in the reactor and prolongs the sludge residence time (SRT). The essence of the extension of SRT is to maintain a high concentration of sludge in the reactor, which can greatly shorten the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of wastewater, thereby reducing the reactor volume, or increasing the amount of water treated at the same reactor volume. Due to the formation of anaerobic biofilm, a good symbiotic relationship of various flora is formed on the biofilm, so it is easy to cultivate anaerobic sludge adapted to toxic substances in the reactor, which enhances the adaptability of the reactor to toxic substances.

3 beneficial effects:

The utility model provides a composite UBF anaerobic biological wastewater treatment reactor, which organically combines the biochemical effect of activated sludge and biofilm with the adsorption-micro-electrolysis effect, and fundamentally solves the problem of anaerobic reactor pollution. The sludge is easy to be lost, and the remaining sludge needs to be refluxed, and the sludge retention time (SRT) is prolonged. At the same time, the discharged biogas can be collected as energy, which generates economic benefits, greatly reduces operating costs and operational difficulties, and improves effluent water quality. The anaerobic filter and the follow-up advanced advanced treatment device are omitted, and the amount of filler is reduced at the same time, which not only reduces the operating cost, but also achieves the purpose of purifying the water quality of the effluent. Anaerobic granular sludge digestion, anaerobic filter and adsorption-micro-electrolysis treatment are concentrated in the same anaerobic reactor, and the whole device is compact in structure and easy to operate. The engineering design is simple, the construction and installation period is short, and it is easy to industrialize. By adopting the technology of the utility model, it is more effective to treat the refractory and toxic organic waste water with high content of suspended matter, especially darker chroma.

The further improvement of the utility model can increase the quantity of the biological filler area or the adsorption-micro-electrolysis area (6) according to the characteristics of the toxic organic waste water, so that the waste water treatment is more targeted.

4. Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

5. Specific implementation

Below by embodiment in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further illustrate the utility model.

Example:

With reference to Fig. 1, the utility model comprises vertical tank body 11, water inlet 1, water outlet 7 and tank body 11 internal biofilling area 5, vertical tank body 11 bottom is granular sludge area 3, is sludge Suspension zone 4, biological filler zone 5 in the middle, 6 in the upper part, water inlet 1 is connected with granular sludge zone 3, adsorption-micro-electrolysis zone 6 is connected with water outlet 7.

The wastewater treatment process of the utility model is that the high-concentration toxic organic wastewater directly enters the reactor through the water inlet 1 through the water inlet pump 2 without any pretreatment, first enters the granular sludge area 3 for anaerobic digestion, and passes through the anaerobic particle The preliminary degradation of microorganisms in the sludge (controlling a certain hydraulic retention time HRT), under the continuous water inlet, enters the sludge suspension zone 4, and then the mixture of sewage and sludge passes through the biological filler zone 5, and the sludge passes through the filler The interception will gradually form a biofilm on the filler that is suitable for the wastewater. The biofilm can not only intercept suspended solids, but also further degrade the organic matter in the wastewater to a large extent to generate small molecules of organic or inorganic matter; and The wastewater that has been further degraded by the biofilm passes through the adsorption-micro-electrolysis zone 6 for filtration and micro-electrolysis treatment, in which a small amount of small molecule organic matter or substrates will be filtered in this zone or removed by micro-electrolysis on the filler, and the wastewater will be further processed After advanced treatment, the effluent is discharged through the water outlet 7. Among them, the degradation of wastewater in the whole reactor will produce a large amount of biogas. The biogas plays a stirring role in the granular sludge area of the reactor, and plays a role in renewing the organic matter on the surface of the packing in the packing area, reducing the micro-electrolysis of zero-valent iron and organic matter. The mass transfer process resistance is finally discharged and collected through the gas outlet 8 (gas discharge port).

For specific high-concentration organic wastewater, according to its characteristics, the height of biofiller zone 5 (biofilm zone) and adsorption-micro-electrolysis zone 6 (activated carbon-iron filing zone) can be increased in the reactor, or it can be adjusted according to actual conditions. The operating conditions increase the number of certain packing zones.

The waste water treatment of the utility model is actually equivalent to a three-stage combination process, including primary digestion of anaerobic granular sludge, secondary treatment of biofilm, and three-stage advanced treatment of filtration-adsorption-micro-electrolysis. Any one of the processes is a mature prior art, but it is properly combined in a reactor in this utility model, which greatly reduces the device cost and floor area, and realizes the advanced treatment of waste water.

In this utility model, appropriate fillers can be selected according to actual conditions. Among them, for the filler in the biological filler zone 5 that forms a biofilm, generally the surface of the filler must have a certain roughness and surface porosity, and a rough and porous surface is conducive to the formation of a biofilm. For bulk fillers, it is very important to choose an appropriate particle size. According to reports, the particle size ranges from 0.2mm to 6cm, but fillers with smaller particle sizes are easy to clog, especially for wastewater with a higher concentration. Therefore, in practice, more than 2cm of filler is used. The choice of fillers is pebbles, crushed stones, bricks, plastics, glass, slag, shells, corals, sponges, reticulated foam plastics, etc., and the particle size of the fillers is 2cm to 6cm.

For the fillers in the adsorption-micro-electrolysis zone 6, generally used adsorption filter fillers include coke, slag, fly ash, activated carbon, macroporous resin, etc. Activated carbon has a strong adsorption capacity and has a strong adsorption capacity for many organic substances in water. In addition, it can also be used for deodorization, decolorization and trace harmful substances in water. Therefore, granular activated carbon is mostly used in active adsorption devices. The shape of the adsorbent activated carbon is powder and granular, and the regeneration of granular activated carbon is easier than that of powdered activated carbon. At the same time, in the filler area, the manufacturer can add a certain particle size and quantity of iron filings (cast iron) fillers according to the wastewater quality and actual conditions. Using the principle of the original battery composed of iron and carbon, it will be beneficial to the colored and odorous substances adsorbed by activated carbon. The further oxidation-reduction degradation of the trace amount of harmful substances is expected to achieve the ideal treatment effect while the cost is the lowest.

For the filler in the adsorption-micro-electrolysis zone 6, if the activity decreases after long-term use, you can replace the filler with a new filler in the filler operation zone 12 to regenerate the filler with reduced activity taken out; it can also be temporarily regenerated by backwashing . For the filler in the biological filler area, if there are many microorganisms or suspended matter in the form of flocculation between the fillers, it is easy to cause blockage, and the downflow type can be used for backwashing, which also avoids the loss of biofilm on the surface of the filler.

Claims (4)

1. a composite UBF anaerobic biological wastewater treatment reactor, comprising a vertical tank body (11), water inlet (1), water outlet (7) and tank body (11) inner biological filler area (5), its It is characterized in that the lower part of the vertical tank body (11) is a granular sludge area (3), the upper part is a sludge suspension area (4), the middle part is a biological filler area (5), and the upper part is an adsorption-micro-electrolysis area (6) , the water inlet (1) is connected to the granular sludge area (3), and the adsorption-micro-electrolysis area (6) is connected to the water outlet (7). 2. composite UBF anaerobic biological wastewater treatment reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that in the biofill area (5) block filler is pebble, crushed stone, brick, plastics, glass, slag, shell, coral , sponge, reticulated foam plastic or any combination thereof, the particle size of the filler is 2cm to 6cm. 3. The composite UBF anaerobic biological wastewater treatment reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the adsorption-micro-electrolysis zone (6) filler is made up of adsorption filter filler and iron filings, and the adsorption filter filler is coke or activated carbon. 4. The composite UBF anaerobic biological wastewater treatment reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the number of biological filler areas (5) or adsorption-micro-electrolysis areas (6) can be increased.

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