CN207175463U - It is quick to start self-heating type preparing hydrogen by reforming methanol microreactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quick-start self-heating type methanol reforming hydrogen production microreactor, which consists of a cover plate assembly, a reforming hydrogen production plate, a first methanol burning plate, a methanol burning porous plate, and a second methanol burning porous plate from top to bottom. The methanol combustion plate is sealed and assembled. The reforming hydrogen production board is equipped with a methanol reforming chamber, loaded with a reforming catalyst, used for methanol reforming to produce hydrogen; the first methanol combustion board is equipped with a methanol catalytic combustion chamber, loaded with a combustion catalyst, used for methanol combustion for heating ; Provide energy for methanol reforming hydrogen production through methanol combustion, and realize the self-heating operation of the microreactor. The utility model supplies combustion fuel methanol and air separately, improves the intake air volume of the combustion channel and the use efficiency of the catalyst, and reduces the start-up time of the micro-reactor. The utility model has the advantages of short start-up time, compact structure, high energy density, high hydrogen production efficiency, low manufacturing cost, easy assembly of the overall structure, and can directly supply hydrogen to hydrogen fuel cells for medium and small flow methanol reforming hydrogen production occasions.

Description

Rapid start-up autothermal methanol reforming microreactor for hydrogen production

technical field

The utility model relates to a self-heating type methanol hydrogen production micro-reactor, in particular to a quick start self-heating type methanol reforming hydrogen production micro-reactor.

Background technique

Hydrogen fuel cells have the advantages of compact structure, high energy conversion efficiency, and low pollution emissions, and have broad application prospects in vehicles, ships and other vehicles. However, the hydrogen required by hydrogen fuel cells is a secondary energy source, which needs to be converted into other energy sources. An effective way is to supply hydrogen by on-site reforming hydrogen production, that is, using self-heating methanol reforming hydrogen production micro-reactor to produce hydrogen on-site reforming to supply hydrogen for hydrogen fuel cells. Due to the use of liquid fuels similar to gasoline, on-site reforming hydrogen production does not have the disadvantages of direct hydrogen supply from high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, which provides a new idea for the large-scale application of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.

Conventional self-heating methanol reforming microreactors for hydrogen production have disadvantages such as large structural size and low volumetric energy efficiency. Chinese Utility Model Patent (Application No. 180818079472.0) discloses a stacked self-heating micro-hydrogen reformer. The reformer integrates an endothermic reaction chip and an exothermic reaction chip, and adopts semi-locating pin holes for positioning. The reformer has a simple and compact structure, and its structure is easy to expand and easy to install. However, the reaction carrier of the reformer has high manufacturing cost, low efficiency and long start-up time;

In order to reduce manufacturing costs and improve reaction efficiency, a Chinese utility model patent (application number 180910100 100.0) discloses a self-heating microchannel reformer for methanol reforming hydrogen production with a micro-protrusion array structure. The reformer includes a catalytic reforming hydrogen production channel and a combustion channel, and the heat required for reforming hydrogen production is provided by the combustion channel to realize the self-heating operation of the reformer. The energy efficiency of the reformer is further improved by adopting the micro-projection array structure as the reaction carrier. But this reactor also has the problem of long start-up time.

Although through the efforts of researchers from various countries, the energy efficiency of the self-heating methanol reforming hydrogen production microreactor has been greatly improved. A certain temperature (about 230 ℃) is required for the hydrogen production of the autothermal methanol reforming microreactor for hydrogen production. Therefore, in order to enable the microreactor to quickly realize hydrogen production and meet the needs of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle startup, it is necessary to quickly raise the temperature of the microreactor to the working temperature. At present, the heat supply of the self-heating methanol reforming hydrogen production microreactor mainly depends on the catalytic combustion of fuel methanol and air in the combustion channel. According to the conservation of energy, in order to realize the rapid temperature rise of the microreactor, a larger inlet flow rate of the combustion fuel (methanol/air) is required. On the one hand, the large combustion fuel inlet flow rate will blow down the combustion catalyst, causing the microreactor to be blocked; If the temperature is too high, it will affect the life of the catalyst, and even make the combustion catalyst invalid. Due to the above reasons, the current self-thermal methanol reforming hydrogen production micro-reactor generally has the problem of long start-up time, which restricts the large-scale application of the reactor. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a self-heating methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor that can start quickly, has a compact structure, high energy density, low manufacturing cost, and can directly supply hydrogen to a hydrogen fuel cell.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a quick-start self-heating type methanol reforming hydrogen production micro-reactor. The reactor supplies combustion fuel methanol and air separately. Since the combustion fuel methanol and air flow in two separate channels, the air velocity when the fuel contacts the catalyst is reduced, which increases the supply of methanol and air and increases the start-up speed of the microreactor. Moreover, in the utility model, air and methanol are contacted in sections when the gas flows in the reaction channel, which can avoid problems such as large amount of fuel at the inlet and local high temperature caused by violent reaction, and can also homogenize the combustion channel of the microreactor. temperature, improving combustion efficiency and catalyst life. In addition, the reforming hydrogen production plate of the reactor is manufactured with a staggered non-uniform micro-protrusion array structure with high heat and mass transfer efficiency, which can effectively improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the microreactor. The utility model has the advantages of short start-up time, compact structure, high energy density, high hydrogen production efficiency, low manufacturing cost, easy assembly of the overall structure, and can be used as a hydrogen source for medium and small flow hydrogen supply occasions.

The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:

A quick-start self-heating type methanol reforming hydrogen production micro-reactor, from top to bottom is composed of cover plate assembly, reforming hydrogen production plate, first methanol combustion plate, methanol combustion porous plate, second methanol combustion plate sealed assembly and the cover plate assembly, the reforming hydrogen production plate, the first methanol combustion plate, the methanol combustion porous plate, and the second methanol combustion plate are respectively rectangular structures of equal size; wherein:

The cover plate assembly includes a rectangular upper cover plate, and the rectangular upper cover plate is equipped with reformed fuel inlet stainless steel pipes, reformed fuel outlet stainless steel pipes, methanol inlet stainless steel pipes, air inlet stainless steel pipes, and combustion gas outlet stainless steel pipes. Tube;

The reforming hydrogen production plate is provided with a parallelogram groove as a methanol reforming chamber, and a micro-boss is installed in the rectangular position in the middle of the parallelogram groove, and the methanol weight is loaded on the micro-boss. For the whole hydrogen production catalyst, a first triangular fluid distribution cavity is symmetrically opened on the parallelogram groove with the two sides of the micro-protrusion located at the rectangular position as the center; the reforming hydrogen production plate is also opened with a first Combustion raw material air inlet hole, the first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole, and combustion gas outlet hole; wherein the reformed fuel inlet stainless steel pipe and the reformed fuel outlet stainless steel pipe are opened corresponding to the positions of the parallelogram grooves; the first The combustion raw material air inlet hole is opened corresponding to the air inlet stainless steel pipe; the first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole is corresponding to the methanol inlet stainless steel pipe; the combustion gas outlet hole is corresponding to the combustion gas outlet stainless steel pipe; And the reformed fuel inlet stainless steel pipe, the parallelogram groove, and the reformed fuel outlet stainless steel pipe are connected to form a reformed fuel flow channel;

The first methanol combustion plate is provided with a parallelogram slot as a methanol catalytic combustion chamber, and the opening direction of the parallelogram slot on the first methanol combustion plate is just in line with the direction of the parallelogram groove in reforming hydrogen production. The direction of opening on the plate is opposite; the first methanol combustion plate is also provided with a second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole, and the second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole is corresponding to the position of the first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole; and the said The first combustion raw material air inlet hole and the combustion gas outlet hole are all corresponding to the positions in the parallelogram through groove; The through groove, the combustion gas outlet hole and the combustion gas outlet stainless steel tube are connected to form a combustion raw material air flow channel;

The middle of the methanol burning perforated plate is provided with circular through-holes distributed in an array; the positions of the circular through-holes are corresponding to the positions of the parallelogram-shaped through-slots on the first methanol burning plate; the upper surface of the circular through-holes A thin layer of methanol catalytic combustion catalyst is sintered; the methanol combustion porous plate is also provided with a third combustion raw material methanol inlet hole, and the position of the third combustion raw material methanol inlet hole is corresponding to the position of the second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole ;

A microchannel is provided in the middle of the second methanol combustion plate, and a second triangular fluid distribution cavity is provided on the second methanol combustion plate on one side of the microchannel; and the microchannel and the second triangular fluid distribution The cavity is connected; the microchannel on the second methanol combustion plate corresponds to the position of the circular through hole on the methanol combustion perforated plate; the methanol inlet stainless steel pipe, the first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole, the second combustion raw material Methanol inlet hole, the third combustion raw material methanol inlet hole, the second triangular fluid distribution cavity on the second methanol combustion plate, the microchannel on the second methanol combustion plate, the circular through hole on the methanol combustion perforated plate, the first methanol The parallelogram through groove on the combustion plate, the combustion gas outlet hole and the combustion gas outlet stainless steel tube are connected to form a combustion raw material methanol flow channel.

Cylindrical micro-bosses with the same structure are installed on the reforming hydrogen production board, and the micro-bosses are arranged in a staggered arrangement. Among the micro-bosses, the number of micro-bosses in odd-numbered rows is the same, and the number of micro-bosses in even-numbered columns is the same. The number of stations is the same.

The micro-protrusions are loaded with a copper-based catalyst Cu/ZnO/Al ₂ O ₃ or a noble metal palladium-based catalyst Pd/Al ₂ O ₃ .

A thin layer of platinum-based catalyst Pt/Al ₂ O ₃ is sintered on the upper surface of the circular through hole.

The width of the microchannel on the second methanol burning plate is larger than the diameter of the circular through hole on the methanol burning porous plate.

The reforming hydrogen production plate is an ordinary aluminum alloy reforming hydrogen production plate, the first methanol combustion plate is the first methanol combustion plate of an ordinary aluminum alloy, and the methanol combustion porous plate is an ordinary aluminum alloy methanol combustion porous plate plate, and the second methanol burning plate is an ordinary aluminum alloy second methanol burning plate.

The cover plate assembly, the reforming hydrogen production plate, the first methanol combustion plate, the methanol combustion porous plate, and the second methanol combustion plate are sealed and assembled by welding.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

1) By improving the structure of the microreactor, the combustion fuel methanol and the air are separately supplied, and the microreactor supplies the combustion fuel methanol and the air separately. Since the combustion fuel methanol and air flow in two separate channels, the air velocity when the fuel contacts the catalyst is reduced, which increases the supply of methanol and air and increases the start-up speed of the microreactor.

2) Since the air of the utility model is contacted with methanol in sections when the gas flows in the reaction channel, this can avoid problems such as a large amount of fuel at the inlet and local high temperatures caused by violent reactions, and can also homogenize the combustion of the microreactor. channel temperature, improving combustion efficiency and catalyst life.

3) The reforming hydrogen production plate of the microreactor of the utility model is manufactured with a staggered non-uniform micro-protrusion array structure with high heat and mass transfer efficiency, which can effectively improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the microreactor. Compared with the parallel and staggered micro-boss array structure, the staggered non-uniform micro-boss array structure can further increase the residence time of the fuel in the microreactor and improve the heat and mass transfer performance of the microreactor, thereby The efficiency of the microreactor is improved.

4) The core components of the microreactor of the utility model (the reforming hydrogen production plate and the second methanol combustion plate) can be processed by semi-solid micro-thixotropy forming process, which has high manufacturing efficiency and low processing cost.

5) The microreactor of the utility model has a compact structure and can be used in medium and small power hydrogen production occasions. And it is easy to expand the scale, only need to stack several of the reactors and design the inlet flow channel to realize the expansion of hydrogen production.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the cover plate assembly in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the reforming hydrogen production plate in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the first methanol combustion plate in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the methanol combustion perforated plate in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the second methanol combustion plate in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a working principle diagram of hydrogen production of the utility model.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

A quick-start self-heating methanol reforming hydrogen production microreactor in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1-7, consists of cover plate assembly 1, reforming hydrogen production plate 2, and the first methanol combustion plate 3, methanol burning porous plate 4, and second methanol burning plate 5 are sealed and assembled; and the cover assembly 1, reforming hydrogen production plate 2, first methanol burning plate 3, methanol burning porous plate 4, second Dimethanol burning plate 5 is the rectangular body structure that size is equal respectively; Wherein:

The cover plate assembly 1 includes a rectangular upper cover plate 6, and the rectangular upper cover plate 6 is equipped with a reformed fuel inlet stainless steel pipe 7, a reformed fuel outlet stainless steel pipe 8, a methanol inlet stainless steel pipe 9, and an air inlet stainless steel pipe. Pipe 10, combustion gas outlet stainless steel pipe 11; the inner and outer diameters of the unrepaired steel pipes are the same, and are connected and sealed with the rectangular upper cover plate 6 by argon arc welding.

The reforming hydrogen production plate 2 is provided with a parallelogram groove 17 as a methanol reforming chamber, and the rectangular position in the middle of the parallelogram groove 17 is equipped with a cylindrical micro boss 18, and the micro The bosses 18 are distributed in a staggered arrangement, the number of micro bosses 18 in odd rows is the same among the micro bosses 18 , and the number of micro bosses 18 in even rows is the same. The methanol reforming hydrogen production catalyst is loaded on the cylindrical micro-boss 18, wherein the methanol reforming hydrogen production catalyst described in this embodiment adopts a copper-based catalyst or a noble metal catalyst, and the parallelogram groove 17 has a The first triangular fluid distribution cavity 19 is symmetrically opened on both sides of the cylindrical micro-boss 18 located in a rectangular position, which is used to homogenize methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel (methanol/water mixed solution); the reforming system The hydrogen plate 2 is also provided with a first combustion raw material air inlet hole 12, a first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 13, and a combustion gas outlet hole 14; wherein the reformed fuel inlet stainless steel pipe 7 and the reformed fuel outlet stainless steel pipe 8 Corresponding to the position of the parallelogram groove 17; the first combustion raw material air inlet hole 12 is corresponding to the position of the air inlet stainless steel pipe 10; the first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 13 is corresponding to the position of the methanol inlet stainless steel pipe 9 Open; the combustion gas outlet hole 14 is opened corresponding to the position of the combustion gas outlet stainless steel pipe 11; and the reformed fuel inlet stainless steel pipe 7, the parallelogram groove 17, and the reformed fuel outlet stainless steel pipe 8 penetrate to form a reforming Fuel flow channel: Methanol reforming fuel The methanol/water mixed solution flows into the reforming fuel flow channel, and contacts with the methanol reforming hydrogen production catalyst to generate methanol reforming hydrogen production reaction to produce hydrogen.

The first methanol combustion plate 3 is provided with a parallelogram through groove 20 as a methanol catalytic combustion chamber, and the opening direction of the parallelogram through groove 20 on the first methanol combustion plate 3 is just in line with the parallelogram groove 17 The direction opened on the reforming hydrogen production plate 2 is opposite; the second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 15 is also opened on the first methanol combustion plate 3, and the second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 15 is the same as the first combustion raw material methanol The positions of the inlet holes 13 are correspondingly opened; and the first combustion raw material air inlet holes 12 and the combustion gas outlet holes 14 are correspondingly opened with the positions in the parallelogram through groove 20; the described air inlet stainless steel pipe 10, the first combustion gas The raw material air inlet hole 12, the parallelogram slot 20 on the first methanol combustion plate 3, the combustion gas outlet hole 14 and the combustion gas outlet stainless steel tube 11 are connected to form a combustion raw material air flow channel.

The middle of the methanol burning perforated plate 4 is provided with circular through holes 21 distributed in an array, and the positions of the circular through holes 21 and the parallelogram through grooves 20 on the first methanol burning plate 3 are opened correspondingly, and the described The upper surface of the circular through hole 21 is sintered with a thin layer of methanol catalytic combustion catalyst (such as a platinum-based catalyst). The combustion catalyst is porous and will not block the circular through hole 21; Three combustion raw material methanol inlet holes 16, and the third combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 16 and the second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 15 are correspondingly opened.

A microchannel 22 is provided in the middle of the second methanol combustion plate 5, and a second triangular fluid distribution chamber 23 is provided on the second methanol combustion plate 5 on one side of the microchannel 22 for homogenizing the microchannel 22 The methanol flow rate in the interior improves the utilization efficiency of methanol; and the microchannel 22 is communicated with the second triangular fluid distribution cavity 23; Circular through-hole 21 positions are opened correspondingly, and described microchannel 22 width is larger than circular through-hole 21 apertures on the methanol combustion perforated plate 4; Described methanol inlet stainless steel pipe 9, the first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 13 , the second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 15, the third combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 16, the second triangular fluid distribution chamber 23 on the second methanol combustion plate 5, the microchannel 22 on the second methanol combustion plate 5, the methanol combustion porous The circular through hole 21 on the plate 4, the parallelogram through groove 20 on the first methanol combustion plate 3, the combustion gas outlet hole 14 and the combustion gas outlet stainless steel tube 11 are connected to form a combustion raw material methanol flow channel.

The reforming hydrogen production plate 2 is an ordinary aluminum alloy reforming hydrogen production plate, the first methanol combustion plate 3 is the first methanol combustion plate of an ordinary aluminum alloy, and the methanol combustion perforated plate 4 is an ordinary aluminum alloy Methanol burning porous plate, the second methanol burning plate 5 is a common aluminum alloy second methanol burning plate.

The cover plate assembly 1, the reforming hydrogen production plate 2, the first methanol combustion plate 3, the methanol combustion porous plate 4, and the second methanol combustion plate 5 are sealed and assembled by welding; compactness and tightness.

The reforming hydrogen production plate 2 and the second methanol combustion plate 5 have complex structures and low machining efficiency due to the existence of microstructures, so they can be processed by semi-solid micro-thixotropic deformation technology; the rest of the thin plates can be processed by ordinary Manufactured by machining technology.

A quick-start self-heating type methanol reforming hydrogen production microreactor of this embodiment performs methanol reforming and hydrogen production reaction chamber in the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production reaction chamber composed of the cover plate assembly 1 and the reforming hydrogen production plate 2. Hydrogen reaction to produce hydrogen-rich reformed gas. The methanol catalytic combustion reaction is carried out in the methanol catalytic combustion chamber composed of the reforming hydrogen production plate 2 , the first methanol combustion plate 3 and the methanol combustion porous plate 4 to provide heat for the operation of the reactor. The steam reforming of methanol to produce hydrogen in the methanol reforming hydrogen production reaction chamber includes three reactions, as follows:

_CH3OH + _H2O → _3H2 + _CO2 ,

CO ₂ +H ₂ →CO+H ₂ O,

_CH3OH → _2H2 +CO.

The fuel combustion process in the methanol catalytic combustion chamber includes a reaction as follows:

CH ₃ OH+1.5O ₂ →2H ₂ O+CO ₂ .

The reforming hydrogen production catalyst supported on the array of micro-bosses 18 of the reforming hydrogen production plate 2 can be a copper-based catalyst Cu/ZnO/Al ₂ O ₃ , or a noble metal palladium-based catalyst Pd/Al ₂ O ₃ . Hydrogen production by steam reforming of methanol.

The platinum-based catalyst Pt/Al ₂ O ₃ is loaded in the methanol catalytic combustion chamber for methanol catalytic combustion.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen production process of a quick-start autothermal methanol reforming micro-reactor for hydrogen production in this embodiment. Before the hydrogen production reaction starts, a protective gas nitrogen is introduced into the microreactor in order to remove the residual air in the channel. The flow of nitrogen is controlled by a mass flow meter. Next, air is fed into the combustion raw material air flow channel of the microreactor by an air pump, and methanol liquid is fed into the combustion raw material methanol flow channel by a flow pump. Air flows into the methanol catalytic combustion chamber through the air inlet stainless steel pipe 10 and the first combustion raw material air inlet hole 12 . Combustion fuel methanol flows into the microchannel 22 of the second methanol combustion plate 5 through the methanol inlet stainless steel pipe 9, the first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 13, the second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 15, and the third combustion raw material methanol inlet hole 16, and then The array of circular through holes 21 of the methanol combustion perforated plate 4 above the microchannel 22 flows into the methanol catalytic combustion chamber. After contacting methanol with air, it undergoes catalytic combustion reaction (products after combustion are carbon dioxide and water, etc.), providing heat for the reactor. Utilize the heat generated by catalytic combustion to raise the temperature _{of the microreactor} to 230°C; The hydrogen production catalyst is reformed for reduction. After the first reduction of the microreactor is completed, the microreactor can always carry out the reforming hydrogen production reaction. In the absence of external air oxidation, no further reduction is required.

When the micro-reactor needs reforming hydrogen production operation, the methanol fuel inlet flow rate of the methanol catalytic combustion chamber is adjusted to rapidly raise the temperature of the reactor and adjust to the reforming hydrogen production reaction temperature. Then, the reformed fuel (such as methanol-water mixed solution) is pumped into the reformed fuel flow channel of the microreactor driven by a power source such as a pump, and the hydrogen production reaction process of methanol reforming is carried out to produce hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and other gases . During the hydrogen production process, the temperature of the microreactor is controlled by thermocouples and temperature controllers, the flow rate of the reformed fuel is controlled by a flow pump or liquid flow meter, and the pressure of the hydrogen production process is monitored by a pressure transmitter.

The utility model can be used as a medium and small hydrogen production equipment, and can be applied to a hydrogen source of a mobile hydrogen fuel cell.

In this embodiment, by improving the structure of the microreactor, the combustion fuel methanol and the air are separately supplied, and the microreactor supplies the combustion fuel methanol and the air separately. Since the combustion fuel methanol and air flow in two separate channels, the air velocity when the fuel contacts the catalyst is reduced, which increases the supply of methanol and air and increases the start-up speed of the microreactor. Second, because the air in this embodiment is in contact with methanol in sections when the gas flows in the reaction channel, this can avoid problems such as a large amount of fuel at the inlet and local high temperatures caused by violent reactions, and can also homogenize the combustion of the microreactor. channel temperature, improving combustion efficiency and catalyst life. Thirdly, the reforming hydrogen production plate of the microreactor in this embodiment is manufactured with a staggered non-uniform micro-protrusion array structure with high heat and mass transfer efficiency, which can effectively improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the microreactor. Compared with the parallel and staggered micro-boss array structure, the staggered non-uniform micro-boss array structure can further increase the residence time of the fuel in the microreactor and improve the heat and mass transfer performance of the microreactor, thereby The efficiency of the microreactor is improved. Fourth, the core components (catalytic combustion plate and second methanol combustion plate) of the micro-reactor in this embodiment can be processed by semi-solid micro-thixotropy forming process, which has high manufacturing efficiency and low processing cost. Fifth, the microreactor in this embodiment has a compact structure and can be used in medium and small power hydrogen production occasions. And it is easy to expand the scale, only need to stack several of the reactors and design the inlet flow channel to realize the expansion of hydrogen production.

Claims (7)

1. A quick-start self-heating type methanol reforming hydrogen production microreactor is characterized in that: from top to bottom, the cover plate assembly (1), the reforming hydrogen production plate (2), the first methanol combustion plate ( 3), the methanol combustion perforated plate (4), the second methanol combustion plate (5) is sealed and assembled; and the cover assembly (1), the reforming hydrogen production plate (2), the first methanol combustion plate ( 3), the methanol combustion perforated plate (4), and the second methanol combustion plate (5) are rectangular structures with equal dimensions; wherein: The cover plate assembly (1) includes a rectangular upper cover plate (6), on which a reformed fuel inlet stainless steel pipe (7) and a reformed fuel outlet stainless steel pipe (8) are installed. , methanol inlet stainless steel pipe (9), air inlet stainless steel pipe (10), combustion gas outlet stainless steel pipe (11); The reforming hydrogen production plate (2) is provided with a parallelogram groove (17) as a methanol reforming chamber, and the rectangular position in the middle of the parallelogram groove (17) is equipped with a micro boss (18) , the methanol reforming hydrogen production catalyst is loaded on the micro-boss (18), and the parallelogram groove (17) is symmetrically opened on both sides of the micro-boss (18) located at the rectangular position. The first triangular fluid distribution cavity (19); the reforming hydrogen production plate (2) is also provided with a first combustion raw material air inlet hole (12), a first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole (13), and a combustion gas outlet Holes (14); wherein the reformed fuel inlet stainless steel pipe (7), the reformed fuel outlet stainless steel pipe (8) and the parallelogram groove (17) are correspondingly opened; the first combustion raw material air inlet hole (12) Corresponding to the position of the air inlet stainless steel pipe (10) is opened; the first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole (13) is corresponding to the position of the methanol inlet stainless steel pipe (9); the described combustion gas outlet hole (14) Corresponding to the position of the combustion gas outlet stainless steel pipe (11); and the reformed fuel inlet stainless steel pipe (7), parallelogram groove (17), and reformed fuel outlet stainless steel pipe (8) penetrate to form a reformed fuel flow aisle; The first methanol combustion plate (3) is provided with a parallelogram through groove (20) as a methanol catalytic combustion chamber, and the parallelogram through groove (20) is opened on the first methanol combustion plate (3) The direction is just opposite to the direction in which the parallelogram groove (17) is opened on the reforming hydrogen production plate (2); the first methanol combustion plate (3) is also provided with a second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole (15) , and the second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole (15) corresponds to the position of the first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole (13); and the first combustion raw material air inlet hole (12) and the combustion gas outlet hole (14) are all Open corresponding to the position in the parallelogram through groove (20); make the parallelogram through groove on the air inlet stainless steel pipe (10), the first combustion raw material air inlet hole (12), the first methanol combustion plate (3) (20), the combustion gas outlet hole (14) and the combustion gas outlet stainless steel pipe (11) are connected to form a combustion raw material air flow channel; The middle of the methanol burning perforated plate (4) is provided with circular through-holes (21) distributed in an array, and the described circular through-holes (21) are connected to the parallelogram through-slots ( 20) The position is correspondingly opened; the upper surface of the circular through hole (21) is sintered with a thin layer of methanol catalytic combustion catalyst; the third combustion raw material methanol inlet hole (16 ), and the positions of the third combustion raw material methanol inlet hole (16) and the second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole (15) are correspondingly opened; In the middle of the second methanol burning plate (5), a microchannel (22) is provided, and a second triangular fluid distribution chamber (22) is provided on the second methanol burning plate (5) on one side of the microchannel (22). 23); and described microchannel (22) is communicated with the second triangular fluid distribution chamber (23); The microchannel (22) on the described second methanol burning plate (5) is connected with methanol burning perforated plate (4) The position of the circular through hole (21) on the top is correspondingly opened; the methanol inlet stainless steel pipe (9), the first combustion raw material methanol inlet hole (13), the second combustion raw material methanol inlet hole (15), the third combustion raw material Methanol inlet hole (16), second triangular fluid distribution cavity (23) on the second methanol burning plate (5), microchannel (22) on the second methanol burning plate (5), methanol burning porous plate (4) The circular through hole (21) on the top, the parallelogram through groove (20) on the first methanol combustion plate (3), the combustion gas outlet hole (14) and the combustion gas outlet stainless steel pipe (11) are connected to form the combustion raw material methanol flow aisle. 2. A quick-start self-heating methanol reforming hydrogen production micro-reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: said reforming hydrogen production plate (2) is equipped with cylindrical micro-convexes with consistent structure platform (18), and the micro-bosses (18) are distributed in a staggered arrangement, the number of odd-numbered micro-bosses (18) in the described micro-bosses (18) is the same, and the number of even-numbered micro-bosses (18) same. 3. A quick-start self-heating methanol reforming hydrogen production micro-reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: said micro-boss (18) is loaded with a copper-based catalyst Cu/ZnO/Al ₂ O ₃ or noble metal palladium-based catalyst Pd/Al ₂ O ₃ . 4. A quick-start self-heating methanol reforming hydrogen production microreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface of the circular through hole (21) is sintered with a platinum-based catalyst Pt/ _Al2 O ₃ TLC. 5. A kind of quick-start self-heating type methanol reforming hydrogen production microreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the microchannel (22) on the second methanol combustion plate (5) is wider than that of methanol The circular through holes (21) on the combustion perforated plate (4) have a large aperture. 6. A quick-start self-heating type methanol reforming hydrogen production micro-reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reforming hydrogen production plate (2) is an ordinary aluminum alloy reforming hydrogen production plate, The first methanol combustion plate (3) is a common aluminum alloy first methanol combustion plate, the methanol combustion perforated plate (4) is a common aluminum alloy methanol combustion perforated plate, and the second methanol combustion plate (5 ) is the second methanol combustion plate of ordinary aluminum alloy. 7. A quick-start self-heating type methanol reforming hydrogen production microreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cover assembly (1), the reforming hydrogen production plate (2), the first The methanol burning plate (3), the methanol burning porous plate (4), and the second methanol burning plate (5) are sealed and assembled by welding.