CN206564336U - A kind of car antenna of high-gain low section - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vehicle-mounted antenna with high gain and low section, which comprises a metal parabolic reflective surface and a first antenna, a second antenna and a third antenna arranged in the metal parabolic reflective surface. The metal parabolic reflective surface is arranged on the vehicle On the roof, the first antenna is set at the focal point inside the metal parabolic reflector, the second antenna includes a horizontally polarized antenna unit, and the third antenna consists of two vertically polarized printed monopole antenna units, a power divider and a connection The neutral line structure of two antenna units, the first antenna and the second antenna achieve a significant increase in gain through the metal parabolic reflector, and the third antenna realizes the control of the radiation direction and improves the gain in the horizontal direction by forming a small array , and the overall profile of the antenna is low.

Description

A High Gain Low Profile Vehicle Antenna

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of wireless mobile communication, in particular to a vehicle-mounted antenna with high gain and low profile.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid development of the telecommunications industry, the communication signaling interaction of various network communication standards of various operators has become increasingly intensive, which is highly dense in the time domain and seriously overlapped in the frequency domain. higher requirements. The antenna is an important part of the mobile communication device, which greatly affects the performance of the entire communication device. For example, the vehicle-mounted direction-finding system generally uses an external antenna. Due to the particularity of its equipment, the requirements for gain are relatively high, which are different from the general antennas used in mobile communication frequency bands. Common shark fin antennas or whip antennas do not have high gain characteristics and cannot meet the performance requirements of this type of system. requirements. For the antenna, the performance is significantly related to its size, but due to the aesthetics and the requirements for concealment, the profile height of the antenna should be as small as possible.

In addition, the working environment of the vehicle's external antenna is generally the roof, and the reflection effect of the metal roof will make the radiation pattern deviate from the horizontal direction, resulting in low gain in the horizontal direction. Existing vehicle-mounted external antennas are generally single-polarized omnidirectional radiation antennas, or single-polarized directional radiation antennas, and generally there are signal blind spots on the vertical plane.

Utility model content

In order to meet the needs of vehicle-mounted direction-finding system products for external antennas, the utility model provides a high-gain and low-profile vehicle-mounted antenna.

The antenna of the utility model mainly realizes mutual complementation and reinforcement of areas with different angles by using a dual-polarized antenna, thereby avoiding the existence of signal blind areas. The parabolic reflector is used to achieve high gain performance, which reduces the number of PCB structures. On the one hand, it makes the structure simpler, the processing cost is lower, and it is easier to process. On the other hand, it avoids the energy loss caused by the introduction of other PCB structures. For example power splitters. The independence of the radiation structure and radiation performance makes it possible to only replace the metal parabolic reflector when the antenna performance needs to be adjusted, which is more convenient and low-cost.

The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A high-gain and low-profile vehicle-mounted antenna includes a metal parabolic reflector and a first antenna, a second antenna, and a third antenna arranged in the metal parabolic reflector, the metal parabolic reflector is arranged on the roof of a car, and the The first antenna is set at the focus position in the metal parabolic reflector, the second antenna is placed horizontally through the insulator support column, the first antenna is a vertically polarized antenna unit working in the frequency band 1710MHz-2690MHz, the second antenna It includes a horizontally polarized antenna unit operating in the frequency bands of 825MHz-960MHz and 1710MHz-2690MHz, and the third antenna is composed of two vertically polarized printed monopole antenna units, a power divider and a center connecting the two antenna units. The output end of the power divider is connected with two printed monopole antenna units respectively, and the input end of the power divider is connected with a signal source.

The height of the second antenna placed horizontally is one third of the wavelength of the central working frequency, and the distance from the third antenna to the first antenna is one third of the wavelength of the central working frequency.

The first antenna and the third antenna are respectively fixed on the metal parabolic reflector through the PCB structure.

The first antenna is specifically an improved ellipsoidal printed monopole antenna.

The second antenna is specifically a printed Vivaldi antenna.

The height of the metal parabolic reflector is less than a quarter wavelength of the lowest working frequency band of the vehicle-mounted external antenna.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

(1) The metal parabolic reflector structure is used to achieve high gain characteristics. Compared with the antenna array scheme, the energy loss and complex structure caused by the introduction of the power divider are reduced; in addition, the processing of the metal is simpler and more convenient. Special technology is required, and the processing difficulty and cost will be reduced;

(2) The utility model adopts antennas with two polarization directions, which are compactly arranged, and the antenna coverage areas of different polarizations complement each other, avoiding the coverage blind area of the main working area; the overlapping parts overlap each other to realize high-performance dual polarized coverage;

(3) The third antenna achieves higher horizontal gain in the form of a small array;

(4) The performance of the antenna can be adjusted only by replacing the metal parabolic reflector, without any modification to the main body of the radiation structure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the plan view of vehicle-mounted antenna structure of the present utility model;

Figure 2 is a side view structure diagram of the vehicle antenna after removing the metal parabolic reflector;

3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a metal parabolic reflector;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third antenna;

Fig. 5 is a radiation pattern in the vertical direction of the first antenna at 2.2 GHz;

Figure 6 is the radiation pattern in the vertical direction of the second antenna at 2.2GHz;

Fig. 7 is a radiation pattern in the vertical direction of the third antenna at 900MHz.

detailed description

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the implementation of the utility model is not limited thereto.

Example

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of high-gain low-profile vehicle-mounted antenna includes a metal parabolic reflector 11 and a first antenna 31, a second antenna 2 and a third antenna 41 arranged in the metal parabolic reflector, so The metal parabolic reflector 11 is arranged on the roof of the car, and the first antenna 31 and the third antenna 41 are respectively fixed on the metal parabolic reflector through the PCB structures 32 and 42 to realize power distribution and phase control.

As shown in Figure 3, the metal parabolic reflector 11 is in the form of a parabola, and the two parameters of the height H of the metal reflector and the width L of the aperture surface are adjusted to realize the antenna radiation performance, including the adjustment of the lobe width and the gain size, In this embodiment, the height of the metal parabolic reflector is less than a quarter wavelength of the lowest operating frequency band of the antenna, and has low profile characteristics.

In this embodiment, the first antenna 31 is a vertically polarized antenna unit working in the frequency band 1710MHz-2690MHz. In this embodiment, it is an improved ellipsoid printed monopole antenna, which is placed at the focal point of the metal parabolic reflector. The increase in gain is achieved through the function of the parabolic reflector.

The second antenna 2 includes a horizontally polarized antenna unit operating in the frequency bands of 825MHz-960MHz and 1710MHz-2690MHz, placed horizontally in the reflecting surface through an insulator support column, and the height is one-third of the wavelength of the central operating frequency to achieve beam pointing Tilting up, the second antenna in this embodiment is specifically a printed Vivaldi antenna, which can supplement the radiation blind area of the first antenna, and realize dual-polarized radiation in the main working area, improving the overall coverage capability.

The distance from the third antenna 41 to the first antenna is one-third of the wavelength of its central operating frequency, so as to avoid excessive coupling between antennas.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the third antenna 41 is composed of two separate vertically polarized printed monopole antenna units 401 , 402 , a power splitter 404 and a neutral line structure 403 connecting the two antenna units. The neutral line structure 403 offsets part of the energy coupled by the antenna by establishing a connection between the two antenna units, so that two independent antennas with a distance of less than one-fifth of the working wavelength of the two antenna units are in the power divider Common work under connection, the power divider is printed on the PCB structure, the input terminal is connected to the signal source, and the output terminal is connected to two antenna units. By adjusting the output phase and amplitude of the two ports, the final radiation pattern of the third antenna can be controlled. Increases the gain size in the horizontal direction.

Figure 5 is the vertical radiation pattern at 2.2GHz frequency when the first antenna is excited. It can be seen that the main radiation deviates from the horizontal direction by an angle of about 18°, and the maximum gain point is 15dBi. If 5dBi is used as a benchmark, the work of antenna one The range is 0° to 40°, but the gain of the antenna is very low at 40° to 60°; while referring to Figure 6, Figure 6 is the vertical radiation pattern at 2.2GHz when the second antenna is excited, and the main radiation direction can be seen The angle of deviation from the horizontal direction is about 35°, and the maximum gain point is 14dBi. Based on 5dBi, the working range of antenna one is 10° to 65°. The superposition of the working areas of the two antennas is sufficient to cover the normal working area, and there is no single-antenna coverage blind area, which can meet the performance requirements; in addition, the main working area is dual-polarized signal coverage, which is better than traditional single-polarized antenna coverage .

Referring to Figure 7, it is the radiation pattern of the third antenna. The inclination angle of the radiation pattern of the third antenna is almost 0. This is achieved by decoupling the two compactly placed antenna elements of the same frequency and then working together, through the function of the third antenna configuration. The splitter shaped the pattern, and the radiation dip angle was significantly reduced. This form partly offsets the reflection effect caused by the metal roof, so that a greater gain can be obtained in the horizontal direction.

The utility model uses a metal parabolic reflector to surround three antennas to improve its gain performance. The radiation units with different polarization directions cover different space areas and complement each other; and the radiation unit is independent from the metal parabolic reflector and can be replaced by a single The reflective surface realizes the flexible adjustment and configuration of the antenna performance. And there are radiating elements that increase the gain in the horizontal direction by forming a small array.

The metal parabolic reflector can be separated from the radiation unit, and the performance can be adjusted by replacing the metal parabolic reflector.

The small array formed by the radiating elements is decoupled through the neutral line structure, and then the pattern is shaped.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred implementation mode of the present utility model, but the implementation mode of the present utility model is not limited by the described embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, modifications, Substitution, combination, and simplification should all be equivalent replacement methods, and are all included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of car antenna of high-gain low section, it is characterised in that including metal parabolic reflector and be arranged on metal and throw First antenna, the second antenna and third antenna in thing reflecting surface, the metal parabolic reflector is arranged on car roof, described First antenna is arranged on the focal position in metal parabolic reflector, and second antenna is put by dielectric support post level Put, the first antenna is the vertical polarized antenna unit for being operated in frequency range 1710MHz-2690MHz, and second antenna is work Make in the horizontally-polarized antenna unit that frequency range is 825MHz-960MHz and 1710MHz-2690MHz, the third antenna is by two The printing type monopole sub-antenna unit of vertical polarization, the neutralization cable architecture of two antenna elements of power divider and connection are constituted, The output end of the power divider is connected with two printing type monopole sub-antenna units respectively, the input termination of power divider Signal source.

2. car antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that worked centered on the height of the second antenna horizontal positioned / 3rd wavelength of frequency, 1/3rd wavelength of third antenna working frequency centered on first antenna.

3. car antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first antenna and third antenna pass through respectively PCB construction is fixed on metal parabolic reflector.

4. car antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first antenna is specially the spheroid shape after improving Printed monopole antenna.

5. car antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that second antenna is specially printing-type Antonio Vivaldi Antenna.

6. car antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the height of the metal parabolic reflector is less than vehicle-mounted The quarter-wave of the minimum working frequency range of external antenna.