CN206389751U - Pneumatic type Sowing machine for potatoes - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pneumatic potato planter, which comprises a frame, a seeding unit, a seed box, a blower fan assembly, a suction fan assembly, a fertilizer box assembly, a fertilizing shovel, a ground wheel support system, Seed meter drive system, manure spreader drive system, intermediate drive system and soil cover. The seed box and the seeding unit are installed above the frame; the air blower assembly and the suction fan assembly are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the frame, and the airflow pipelines are respectively connected with the positive pressure air chamber and the negative air chamber on the seed metering device. The compressed air chamber is connected; fertilizer boxes are installed in front of the frame, and fertilization shovels are installed directly below each fertilizer box; the ground wheel support system and the intermediate transmission system are installed below the frame, and a The seeding height adjustment mechanism; the drive system of the seed meter and the fertilizer discharger are respectively located on the left and right sides of the frame; the cover device is installed at the rear of the frame. The planter has the characteristics of high seeding precision, high operating efficiency, convenient adjustment and good versatility.

Description

Pneumatic Potato Planter

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of potato sowing machinery, in particular to a pneumatic potato sowing machine.

Background technique

The "2015 Planting Work Key Points" formulated by the Ministry of Agriculture has listed potatoes as a key point. In the future, potatoes will gradually become the fourth staple food crop besides rice, wheat, and corn. After establishing the status of potato as a staple food, the domestic potato planting area will be further expanded. However, at present, the mechanization level of potato planting in China is relatively low, and planting in some areas is still dominated by manual sowing. The labor intensity of farmers is high and the operation efficiency is low; Problems such as low qualified rate of plant spacing cannot meet the agronomic requirements of potato planting. It can be seen that the existing potato planters cannot fully meet the requirements of our country for potato planting.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems mentioned above, and provide a pneumatic potato seeder with high operating efficiency, high seeding precision, good versatility, and suitable for high-speed operation.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: the pneumatic potato planter of the utility model consists of a frame and a sowing unit assembled thereon, a seed box, an air suction fan assembly, an intermediate transmission system, a fertilizer box Assembly, fertilization shovel, fertilizer discharge device drive system, seed meter drive system, soil cover device, air blower assembly, ground wheel support system, two seeding units and seed boxes are fixed on the frame by threaded fasteners above; the two sowing units are respectively located under the middle of the left and right seed outlets of the seed box; the blower fan assembly and the suction fan assembly are respectively installed on the upper left and upper right of the frame, and the air flow pipes are respectively connected with the seed discharge The positive pressure air chamber and the negative pressure air chamber on the machine are connected; two fertilizer box assemblies are installed on the front top of the frame, which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the frame; A fertilization shovel is installed; the ground wheel support system is installed under the frame; the drive system of the seed meter and the drive system of the fertilizer discharger are respectively located on the left and right sides of the frame, which transmit power to the seeding unit and the fertilizer box assembly; the middle drive The system is located under the middle of the frame and powers the suction fan assembly and the blower fan assembly; the cover device is installed at the rear of the frame.

As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the sowing unit is composed of a seed supply system, a ditch opener, a seed meter assembly, a lower seed box assembly, a seed frame welding, a front seed guard plate assembly, a phase adjustment screw, and a phase adjustment connection. Set, phase adjustment and fixed bending plate; the seed supply system is installed above the welding of the seeding frame, the seed metering device is installed in the middle of the welding of the seeding frame, the assembly of the lower seed box and the assembly of the front seed protection plate are installed on the welding of the seeding frame Below, the opener is installed on the lower part before the welding of the seed frame, and the seed protection plate can prevent the seed potatoes from falling from the lower seed box.

As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the phase adjustment mechanism is composed of the phase adjustment screw, the phase adjustment connecting sleeve, the phase adjustment fixed bending plate and the air blowing pipe. kinds of angles.

As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the suction fan assembly is composed of a suction fan, a fixing hoop, a steel wire hose, a plug of the suction pipeline, transfer welding in the middle of the suction pipeline, a tensioning device and an auxiliary support Assembled structure, the suction fan is fixed on the right side of the frame, strengthened by the auxiliary support assembly, and the steel wire hose is connected with the suction hole on the seed meter assembly.

As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the air blower assembly is composed of an air blower, a fixing hoop, a thick steel wire hose, an intermediate transfer piece welded, an intermediate transfer welded air blowing pipeline, a tensioning device, and an auxiliary support. The assembly is composed of a thin steel wire hose. The blower is fixed on the left side of the frame. The blower is strengthened and stabilized through auxiliary support. The thin steel wire hose is connected with the blowing pipe on the seed meter assembly.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the ground wheel support system is composed of the ground wheel, the ground wheel shaft, the assembly of the swing arm, the hub, the welding of the upper right-handed screw, the screw sleeve and the welding of the lower left-handed screw, the assembly of the swing arm and the upper right-handed screw. The screw rods are welded and connected with the frame.

As a preferred solution of the utility model, according to the agronomic requirements of potato planting, by adjusting the axial spacing of the ground wheel on the ground wheel shaft, the operation of different ridge distances can be satisfied.

As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the upper right-handed screw is welded, the screw sleeve and the lower left-handed screw are welded to form a height adjustment mechanism, and according to the operation requirements, the rotating screw sleeve is welded with the upper right-handed screw and the lower left-handed screw is welded. The screw-in length can adjust the seeding height.

Due to the above-mentioned technical scheme, the pneumatic potato planter provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

Because the utility model adopts pneumatic seeding operation, negative pressure seed suction, positive pressure seed throwing, so the seed damage rate is low, the seed filling rate is high, the reseeding rate is low, the missing seeding rate is low, and it is suitable for high-speed seeding operations; by adjusting the phase adjustment screw Relative to the protruding length of the lower seed box, the angle between the blowing pipe and the vertical direction can be adjusted, and then the seeding angle can be adjusted; by adjusting the axial distance of the ground wheel, it can meet the operation requirements of different ridge distances; by rotating the upper part to the right The screw welding and the screwing length of the lower left-handed screw welding and the screw sleeve can adjust the height of the seed meter from the ground, and then adjust the seeding height; in the seeding area, by controlling the appropriate blowing pressure, the seed potato When detached from the seed suction nozzle, the horizontal speed is equal to and opposite to the horizontal forward speed of the planter, and zero-speed seeding is realized, which greatly improves the sowing accuracy, versatility, and operating efficiency of the pneumatic potato planter. , to get a good sowing effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model pneumatic type potato planter;

Fig. 2 is the right view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model sowing unit;

Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the suction fan assembly of the present utility model;

Fig. 6 is the right view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the utility model blower assembly;

Fig. 8 is the left view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the ground wheel support system of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the A direction view in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a sectional view along line B-B in Fig. 9 .

In the figure: seed box 1; air blower assembly 2; suction fan assembly 3; fertilizer box assembly 4; frame 5; seed meter transmission system 6; intermediate transmission system 7; fertilization shovel 8; seeding unit 9 ground wheel support system 10; soil covering device 11; fertilizer discharge device transmission system 12; front seed guard plate assembly 13; seed meter assembly 14; Type system 18; phase adjustment screw 19; phase adjustment connecting sleeve 20; air blowing pipe 21; Suction blower 27; Fixed hoop 28; Thin steel wire hose 29; Auxiliary support assembly 30; Tensioning device 31; Suction hole 32; Welding 36 of intermediate adapter; thick steel wire hose 37; thin steel wire hose 38; tensioning device 39; auxiliary support assembly 40; ground wheel 41; ground wheel shaft 42; hub 43; Welding 45; screw sleeve 46; bottom left-handed screw welding 47; negative pressure air chamber 48; positive pressure air chamber 49;

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail:

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, it is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model pneumatic potato seeder, including the frame 5 and the seeding unit 9 assembled thereon, the seed box 1, the suction fan assembly 3, the intermediate drive System 7, fertilizer box assembly 4, fertilizing shovel 8, fertilizer discharge device transmission system 12, seed metering device transmission system 6, soil covering device 11, air blower assembly 2 and ground wheel support system 10. On the top of the frame 5, the seed box 1 and two sowing units 9 are respectively installed by fasteners, and the two sowing units 9 are respectively located at the middle bottom of the left and right seeding ports of the seed box 1; Air blower assembly 2 and suction fan assembly 3 are installed; above the frame 5, a fertilizer box assembly 4 is installed in front of the sowing unit 9; at the front end of the frame 5, directly below the two fertilizer box assemblies 4 Fertilizer shovel 8 is installed respectively; Ground wheel support system 10 is installed on the bottom of frame 5; Below the middle part of the frame 5;

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the sowing unit 9 is composed of a seed supply system 18, a ditch opener 16, a seed meter assembly 14, a lower seed box assembly 17, a seed frame welding 15, and a front seed guard assembly 13 , phase adjustment screw 19, phase adjustment connecting sleeve 20, and phase adjustment fixed bent plate 23. The seed supply system 18 is installed above the welding 15 of the seeding frame, and the seed meter assembly 14 is installed on the seed supply system 18 and the welding 15 of the seeding frame. In the middle, the bottom seed box assembly 17 and the front part seed protection plate assembly 13 are all installed in the welding frame 15 below, and the ditch opener 16 is installed in the welding frame 15 front bottom. The phase adjustment screw 19, the phase adjustment connecting sleeve 20, the phase adjustment fixed bent plate 23 and the air blowing pipe 21 form a phase adjustment mechanism, which can adjust the seeding angle according to the operation needs.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the suction fan assembly 3 is composed of a suction fan 27, a fixing hoop 28, a thick steel wire hose 26, a suction pipe plug 24, and an intermediate transfer welding of the suction pipe. 25. The tensioning device 31, the auxiliary support assembly 30 and the fine steel wire hose 29 are composed, the suction fan 21 is fixed on the upper right side of the frame 5, and is strengthened by the auxiliary support assembly 30, and the thin steel wire hose 29 is assembled with the seed metering device 14 The suction hole 32 on the top is connected.

As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the air blower assembly 2 is composed of an air blower 33, a fixing hoop 35, a thick steel wire hose 37, an intermediate transfer piece welding 36, and an intermediate transfer welding 34 of the air blowing pipeline. , a tensioning device 39, an auxiliary support assembly 40 and a thin steel wire hose 38, the air blower 33 is fixed on the left side of the frame 5, and is strengthened by the auxiliary support assembly 40, and the thin steel wire hose 38 is assembled with the seed metering device 14 The air blowing pipe 21 is connected.

As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the ground wheel support system 10 is composed of a ground wheel 41, a ground wheel shaft 42, a swing arm assembly 44, a hub 43, an upper right-handed screw welded 45, a screw sleeve 46 and a lower left-handed screw welded 47. , the swing arm assembly 44 and the upper right-handed screw welding 45 are all connected with the frame 5 . According to the agronomic requirements of potato planting, by adjusting the axial spacing of the ground wheel 43 on the ground wheel shaft 42, the operation requirements of different ridge distances can be met.

As shown in Figure 11, the upper right-handed screw welding 45, the screw sleeve 46 and the lower left-handed screw welding 47 form a height adjustment mechanism. The screw-in length of screw sleeve 46 can regulate the height of throwing seeds.

The working principle of the present utility model is described below. The frame 5 is mounted on the rear of the supporting power tractor, and the tractor drives the implement to advance. The fertilizer discharger drive system 12 transmits power to the fertilizer bin assembly 4 . When the motor 22 in the sowing unit 9 rotates, the seed supply system 18 is driven to run, so that the seed potatoes in the seed box 1 are transported to the lower seed box 17 . Thin steel wire hose 29 connects the suction hole 32 on the seed metering device 14, and sucks air through the suction fan 27, so that the negative pressure air chamber 48 in the seed metering device 14 and the seed suction arm 51 maintain a negative pressure state. When the seed arm 51 rotates to the bottom of the lower seed box 17 with the seed metering device 14, the seed suction arm 51 with the rubber suction nozzle 52 is fitted with a negative pressure to absorb the seed potato and rotate with the seed potato. The blowing pipe 21 is connected to the blower 33, and the positive pressure air chamber 49 in the seed meter 14 is kept in a positive pressure state by blowing air from the fan; Arm 51 produces thrust to seed potato, and now seed potato falls in the furrow that ditch opener 16 leaves in seeding area 50 . The thrust exerted by the positive pressure airflow on the seed potatoes accelerates the seed potatoes in the opposite direction of the advance of the seeder. Properly controlling the blowing intensity can make the horizontal component velocity of the seed potatoes when they are separated from the suction nozzle 52 equal to the forward speed of the seeder. The direction is opposite to realize zero-speed seeding. The intermediate transmission system 7 provides power for the air blower assembly 2 and the suction fan assembly 3 . Changing the protruding length of the phase adjustment screw 19 relative to the lower seed box 17 can change the angle between the air blowing pipe 21 and the vertical direction, thereby changing the seeding angle; The screwing length of the screw welding 47 can change the seeding height; by adjusting the axial spacing of the ground wheel 43 on the ground wheel shaft 42, the operation requirements of different ridge distances can be met.

The utility model has the characteristics of high seeding precision, high operation efficiency, convenient adjustment, good versatility and reliable operation.

The utility model is suitable for potato sowing operations.

Claims (8)

1. A pneumatic potato planter, comprising a frame (5) and a sowing unit (9) assembled thereon, a seed box (1), an air suction fan assembly (3), an intermediate transmission system (7), Fertilizer box assembly (4), fertilization shovel (8), fertilizer discharge device transmission system (12), seed metering device transmission system (6), soil cover device (11), air blower assembly (2) and ground wheel support The system (10) is characterized in that a seed box (1) and two sowing units (9) are respectively installed above the frame (5) through fasteners, and the two sowing units (9) are respectively located in the seed box (1 ) below the middle of the left and right seed outlets, blower blower assembly (2) and suction blower assembly (3), frame (5) and sowing unit ( 9) two fertilizer box assemblies (4) are installed in front of each fertilizer box assembly (4), and a fertilization shovel (8) is respectively installed directly below each fertilizer box assembly (4), and the ground wheel support system (10) is installed on the frame (5 ), the seed metering drive system (6) and the fertilizer discharge drive system (12) are installed on the left and right sides of the frame (5), the middle drive system (7) is located below the middle of the frame (5), and the soil covering device (11) is installed in the rear portion of frame (5). 2. The pneumatic potato planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sowing unit (9) consists of a seed supply system (18), a ditch opener (16), a seed meter assembly (14), a lower part Seed box assembly (17), sowing rack welding (15), front seed guard plate assembly (13), phase adjustment screw (19), phase adjustment connecting sleeve (20), phase adjustment fixed bent plate (23), The seed supply system (18) is installed above the sowing rack welding (15), the seed metering device assembly (14) is installed in the middle of the sowing rack welding (15), the lower seed box assembly (17) and the front part seed protection plate assembly ( 13) are all installed under the welding of the seeding frame (15), the opener (16) is installed under the front and bottom of the welding of the seeding frame (15), and the air blowing pipe (21) is assembled with the seed metering device (14) through the fastener Positive pressure chamber (49) is connected. 3. The pneumatic potato planter according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: phase adjustment screw (19), phase adjustment connecting sleeve (20), phase adjustment fixed bending plate (23) and air blowing pipe ( 21) A phase adjustment mechanism is formed, which can adjust the seeding angle according to the operation needs. 4. The pneumatic potato planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the suction fan assembly (3) is composed of a suction fan (27), a fixing hoop (28), a thick steel wire hose (26) ), the suction pipe plug (24), the intermediate transfer welding of the suction pipe (25), the tensioning device (31), the auxiliary support assembly (30) and the fine steel wire hose (29), the suction The blower fan (27) is fixed on the right side of the frame (5), and is strengthened firmly by the auxiliary support assembly (30), and the thin steel wire hose (29) is connected with the suction hole (32) on the seed meter assembly (14). 5. The pneumatic potato planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air blower assembly (2) consists of an air blower (33), a retaining hoop (35), a steel wire hose (37), Intermediate transfer piece welding (36), blowing pipeline intermediate transfer welding (34), tensioning device (39), auxiliary support assembly (40) and steel wire hose (38), blower (33) It is fixed on the left side of the frame (5), strengthened by the auxiliary support assembly (40), and the steel wire hose (38) is connected with the air blowing pipe (21) on the seed meter assembly (14). 6. The pneumatic potato seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ground wheel support system (10) consists of ground wheels (41), ground wheel shafts (42), swing arm assemblies (44), wheel hubs (43) , the upper right-handed screw welding (45), the screw sleeve (46) and the lower left-handed screw welding (47), the swing arm assembly (44) and the upper right-handed screw welding (45) are all connected to the frame (5) connect. 7. The pneumatic potato seeder according to claim 1 or claim 6, characterized in that: by adjusting the axial spacing of the ground wheel (41) on the ground wheel shaft (42), the operation requirements of different ridge distances can be met . 8. The pneumatic potato seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that: the upper right-handed screw welding (45), the screw sleeve (46) and the lower left-handed screw welding (47) constitute a height adjustment mechanism, according to the operation Requirements, by rotating the upper right-handed screw rod welding (45) and the lower left-handed screw rod welding (47) and the twist length of the screw sleeve (46), the height of the seed can be regulated.