CN205994580U - A kind of tooth implant - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a dental implant, which comprises a body implanted into the alveolar bone, an abutment for fitting artificial dentures and a neck connecting the body and the abutment, and the side surface and the bottom surface of the body are rough surfaces , the neck is a vertebral platform structure that gradually shrinks toward the root, and the radial dimension of the root end of the neck is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body, so that the part of the upper end of the body that is not occupied by the root end of the neck forms a horizontal direction platform surface, which is a rough surface. The dental implant involved in the utility model designs the platform surface of the upper surface of the dental implant body as a rough surface, guides the alveolar bone to extend and grow to the platform surface, and reduces the gap between the various parts of the traditional dental implant. The micro-gap and micro-movement can enhance the stability of the dental implant after implantation, thereby improving the success rate of the operation and reducing the pain of the patient, which has high practical value.

Description

a dental implant

technical field

The utility model relates to a dental implant used for implanting artificial dentures.

Background technique

Dental implant treatment has a history of more than 50 years. The common intraosseous dental implants are: leaf implants, cylindrical implants, spiral implants, anchor implants, mandibular implants and upgraded bracket implants. In the late 1960s, the two-stage titanium implant series created by Professor Branemark of Sweden first proposed and confirmed the theory of osseointegration. In 1990, the American Academy of Implant Dentistry (AAID) defined osseointegration as: normal remodeled bone is in direct contact with the implant, soft tissue can be seen growing into it under a light-free microscope, and the load of the implant can be sustained Conducted and dispersed in bone tissue. Studies by many scholars have confirmed that immediate implants can form osseointegration, and it has been clinically verified that they can support the restoration of implant dentures.

One of the main reasons for the failure of dental implant treatment is the inflammation and necrosis of the tissue around the dental implant, which leads to the absorption of gums and bone. Dental peri-implant tissue lesions are inflammatory lesions that occur in the soft and hard tissues around the implant, including reversible implant mucositis involving soft tissue and peri-implantitis involving the bone graft bed of the implant and causing bone resorption. If the latter is not treated in time, it will lead to continuous bone resorption and separation of the original combination of the implant-bone interface, and eventually the implant will loosen and fall off.

Current dental implants include one-stage dental implants and two-stage dental implants. The two-stage dental implant is mainly composed of three parts, namely: the body implanted in the alveolar bone, the abutment exposed to the dental mucosa and providing support and retention for the artificial denture on it, and the connecting body Fixing screws for base and abutment. One-piece dental implants are formed by integrating the above three parts into a whole. The upper surface of the current dental implant part is generally designed as a smooth surface, forming a smooth interface between the body and the neck. With the attachment of alveolar bone and the filling of gingival tissue, bacteria in the oral cavity tend to accumulate in the micro-gap of the interface and cause peri-implantitis, which in turn leads to bone resorption and the original separation of the implant-bone interface as described above In addition, the micro-gap at the interface will also reduce the implant stability of the dental implant, and it is easy to cause fretting during occlusal and rotation, resulting in loosening of the fixing screws, bone resorption around the dental implant, and loosening of the abutment and the implant , fall off, and eventually lead to the failure of dental implant treatment.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a dental implant. The dental implant involved in this utility model can reduce the micro gap between the body and the neck, and the upper end of the body is not covered by the neck. The part occupied by the root end of the body forms a rough platform surface in the horizontal direction, which can guide the alveolar bone to extend and grow to the platform surface at the upper end of the body, and enhance the stability of the dental implant after implantation, thereby improving the success rate of the operation. Alleviate the pain of patients, has very high practical value.

The utility model discloses a dental implant, which comprises a body part implanted inside the alveolar bone, an abutment for fitting artificial dentures and a neck connecting the body part and the abutment, and the side surface and the bottom surface of the body part are rough On the surface, the neck is a vertebral platform structure that gradually shrinks toward the root, and the radial dimension of the root end of the neck is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body, so that the part of the upper end of the body that is not occupied by the root end of the neck forms a horizontal The platform surface of the direction is characterized in that the platform surface is a rough surface.

Preferably, it is characterized in that the roughness of the platform surface is 1-20 microns.

Further, the side surface of the neck is a rough surface, and the roughness of the side surface of the neck is 0.1-2 microns. The side surface of the neck is also designed as a rough surface, and its roughness is lower than that of the above-mentioned platform surface, which is conducive to the attachment and growth of soft tissues, and can reduce or even eliminate the micro-gap between the body of the dental implant and the abutment. Enhance the stability of dental implant placement.

Preferably, the abutment is a cylindrical structure, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck, and the radial dimension difference 1.5mm or 2mm; the radial dimension of the upper end of the body is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the neck is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body, and the radial dimension difference is 0.5mm or 1mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the body is 2.5mm, 3.1mm, 3.9mm or 4.8mm, the axial length of the abutment is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, the body The axial length is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

Further, the radial dimension of the upper end of the abutment is smaller than the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment, so that the abutment has a conical structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, and the angle range between the side generatrix of the abutment and the central axis of the abutment is 2°-4°. Further, the abutment is a cylindrical structure, the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck, the radial dimension difference is 1.5mm or 2mm, and the axial length of the neck is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, The axial length of the abutment is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm.

Preferably, the central axes of the body, neck and abutment coincide.

Preferably, the central axes of the body and the neck coincide, and the abutment and the central axes of the neck form a certain angle, which is 15°, 20° or 25°.

Further, the body is an inverted vertebral platform structure that gradually decreases in the root direction, and the side surface of the body includes a first threaded part, a second threaded part and a third threaded part that are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the first threaded part The thread shape of the first thread part is a zigzag shape with the tooth tip level, and the pitch is 0.5mm-1.0mm; the thread shape of the second thread part is rectangular, and the thread pitch is 1.0mm-2.0mm; the thread shape of the third thread part is tooth tip downward The zigzag shape has a pitch of 1.0mm-2.0mm; the length ratio between the first threaded part, the second threaded part and the third threaded part is 1:2:3.

Preferably, the first threaded part, the second threaded part and the third threaded part are all double threaded.

Further, grooves are provided on the side surface of the body, and the grooves are arranged on the entire axial length of the third threaded portion.

Preferably, there is one groove or a plurality of evenly distributed grooves, and the grooves are straight grooves or curved grooves.

Further, the abutment is a tetrahedron, pentahedron or hexahedron cylinder.

Further, a socket for inserting a screwdriver is provided on the base, and the central axis of the socket is perpendicular to the upper surface of the body.

Preferably, the socket is quadrangular, pentagonal or hexagonal.

To sum up, with the dental implant of the present invention, the rough design of the platform surface can guide the alveolar bone to grow further to the upper surface of the body, thereby reducing the micro-gap and fretting of the dental implant, and enhancing the strength of the dental implant. The stability after entry, improve the success rate of surgery, reduce the pain of patients, has a high market promotion value.

In order to make the above content of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dental implant with a right-angle abutment according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a dental implant with an angled abutment according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the body thread design structure of the dental implant according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the socket of the right-angle abutment of the dental implant in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the socket of the beveled abutment of the dental implant in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a top view of the socket design of the right-angle abutment and the oblique-angle abutment of the dental implant in the embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The implementation of the present utility model is illustrated by specific specific examples below, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the utility model will be introduced together with the preferred embodiment, it does not mean that the features of the utility model are limited to the embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the utility model in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the utility model. The following description contains numerous specific details in order to provide an in-depth understanding of the present invention. The invention can also be implemented without these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or obscure the key points of the present invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description.

In addition, "up", "down", "left", "right", "top", and "bottom" used in the following description should not be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

Embodiment one

The utility model discloses a dental implant. As shown in FIG. 1, a dental implant comprises a body 1 implanted inside the alveolar bone, an abutment 2 for fitting artificial dentures, and a connecting body and The neck 3 of the abutment, the side surface and the bottom surface of the body 1 are rough surfaces, the neck 3 is a vertebral abutment structure that gradually shrinks in the root direction, and the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 , so that the part of the upper end of the body 1 not occupied by the root end of the neck 3 forms a horizontal platform surface 4, which is a rough surface.

Wherein, the roughness of the platform surface 4 is 1-20 microns, and the platform surface 4 is processed to be rough by sandblasting, acid etching, etc. 1-20μm microns can also be roughened by the same sandblasting or abrasion. The rough treatment of the side surface and the bottom surface of the body part 1 is conducive to the attachment of alveolar bone cells and the growth of bone, so as to achieve the stability of dental implant implantation, and the rough treatment of the platform surface 4 is convenient for guiding the alveolar bone The cells are further attached to the platform surface 4 from the side surface of the body 1 , so that the micro gaps at the interface between the body 1 and the neck 3 can be filled, and the stability of dental implant implantation is enhanced.

In the dental implant disclosed in the utility model, the side surface of the neck 3 can also be designed as a rough surface. Further, the side surface of the neck 3 is set as a rough arc surface convex or concave inward, which can be The treatment forms a surface with a certain roughness, which is smaller than the roughness of the above-mentioned platform surface 4. Such a design is conducive to the attachment and growth of soft tissues, and can further reduce or even eliminate the gap between the body and neck of the dental implant. The micro-gap effectively removes the bone resorption caused by the interface and enhances the stability of dental implant implantation.

In this embodiment, the radial dimension of the upper end of the abutment 2 is smaller than the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment 2, so that the abutment 2 has a conical frustum structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom. The angle range between them is 2°-4°. The shape of such abutment is similar to the shape of the natural prepared tooth, which is convenient for the doctor to directly take the impression to make the crown.

More specifically, the abutment 2 is a multi-faceted cylinder structure, such as a tetrahedron, pentahedron or hexahedron. The embedded retention design can be applied to the general implant torque wrench or machine socket wrench, which is convenient for the doctor to use the square, pentagon or hexagon wrench to hold the abutment 2 during the operation. Compared with the traditional Cylindrical abutment makes the doctor's operation more convenient.

Further, a socket 11 for inserting a screwdriver is also provided on the abutment 2, and the central axis of the socket 11 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the body 1, as shown in Figure 4, when the dental implant is a right-angled abutment, The central axis of the socket 11 coincides with or is parallel to the central axes of the body 1, abutment 2 and neck 3; as shown in Figure 5, when the dental implant is an oblique abutment, the central axis of the socket 11 and the body 1. The central axis of the neck 3 coincides with or is parallel to form a certain angle with the central axis of the abutment 2 . More specifically, the socket 11 is designed as a hollow polygonal structure, such as quadrilateral, pentagonal or hexagonal, as shown in Figure 6, the socket 11 is designed as a hollow hexagonal structure, which is convenient for doctors to operate in a narrow oral cavity space. For example, in the process of implant implantation, the space reserved for the edentulous part is very narrow due to the limitation of the teeth on both sides, so it is impossible to use the externally embedded and retained implant torque wrench or The machine uses a socket wrench to carry out the implantation operation, and the auxiliary built-in screwdriver tool can be inserted into the socket 11 to use the torque principle of the torque wrench tool to perform the operation, and the dental implant can be easily implanted in a narrow space, so that Avoid damage to surrounding healthy teeth.

In the dental implant disclosed in the utility model, the entire dental implant can be a one-stage dental implant that is integrally formed by the body 1, the abutment 2 and the neck 3. When implanting, the one-stage dental implant The implant is implanted as a whole at one time; it can also be a two-stage dental implant. When it is a two-stage dental implant, the parts are generally connected by fixing mechanisms such as screws, whether it is a one-stage dental implant or a two-stage dental implant. For segmental dental implants, the platform surface of the upper surface of the body is designed to be rough, which can guide the alveolar bone to extend and grow to the platform surface of the upper end of the body, reducing the micro-gap at the interface between the body and neck, and at the same time The side surface of the neck is also designed as a rough surface with less roughness, which can further reduce or even eliminate the micro-gap between the body and the neck, so as to enhance the implant stability of the dental implant and improve the success rate of the operation Effect.

Embodiment two

In the dental implant disclosed in the utility model, the abutment 2 is a cylindrical structure, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment 2 is smaller than that of the neck The radial dimension of the upper end of 3, the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5mm or 2mm; the radial dimension of the upper end of body 1 is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of neck 3 The size is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the body part 1 is 2.5mm, 3.1mm, 3.9mm or 4.8mm, and the abutment 2 The axial length of the neck 3 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm. It should be noted that, wherein, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 should not be greater than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the radial dimension of the lower end of the body 1 should be smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, as shown in Fig. As shown in 1, when the dental implant of the present utility model is a right-angle abutment, the central axis of the body 1, the neck 3 and the abutment 2 coincide. In this case, the dental implant disclosed in the present utility model The body should include the following situations:

1. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 3 mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment 2 is smaller than that of the neck 3 The radial dimension of the upper end, the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5 mm. mm or 1mm; the axial length of the abutment 2 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

2. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 3.8 mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm or 3.1 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment 2 is less than The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the radial dimension between the two The size difference is 0.5mm or 1mm; the axial length of the abutment 2 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

3. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body part 1 is 4.8 mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body part 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm or 3.9 mm; the root end diameter of the abutment 2 The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the difference between the two The difference in radial dimension of the base is 0.5mm or 1mm; the axial length of the abutment 2 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8mm or 10mm or 12mm.

4. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 5.8 mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.8 mm; The radial dimension of the root end is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5mm or 2mm; The radial dimension difference between them is 0.5mm or 1mm; the axial length of the abutment 2 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

5. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3.8mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 3.8mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5mm or 3.1mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment 2 smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5mm or 2mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the radial dimension between the two The dimension difference in direction is 0.5mm or 1mm; the axial length of abutment 2 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of body 1 is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm .

6. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3.8 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 4.8 mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm or 3.9 mm; the root end of the abutment 2 The radial dimension is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the difference between the two The radial dimension difference between them is 0.5mm or 1mm; the axial length of the abutment 2 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

7. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3.8 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 5.8 mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.8 mm; the abutment 2 The radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, The radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1mm; the axial length of the abutment 2 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body 1 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

8. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 4.8 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 4.8 mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm or 3.9 mm; the root end of the abutment 2 The radial dimension is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the difference between the two The radial dimension difference between them is 0.5mm or 1mm; the axial length of the abutment 2 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

9. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 4.8 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 5.8 mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.8 mm; the abutment 2 The radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, The radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1mm; the axial length of the abutment 2 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body 1 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

10. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 5.8 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 5.8 mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.8 mm; the abutment 2 The radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, The radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1mm; the axial length of the abutment 2 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body 1 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

Further, as shown in Figure 2, when the dental implant disclosed in the present invention is an oblique abutment, the central axis of the body 1 and the neck 3 coincide, and the central axis of the abutment 2 and the central axis of the neck 3 A certain angle δ is formed between the central axes, and the value of the angle δ is 15°, 20° or 25°. In this case, the dental implant disclosed by the utility model further includes the following situations:

11. The angle δ between the central axis of the abutment 2 and the central axis of the neck 3 is 15°, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the root diameter of the body 1 Dimensions in the radial direction, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the base 2 and the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the neck 3 and the upper end of the body 1, and the respective The axial length corresponds to the situation of 1-10 mentioned above in turn;

12. The angle δ between the central axis of the abutment 2 and the central axis of the neck 3 is 20°, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the root diameter of the body 1 Dimensions in the radial direction, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the base 2 and the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the neck 3 and the upper end of the body 1, and the respective The axial length corresponds to the situation of 1-10 mentioned above in turn;

13. The angle δ between the central axis of the abutment 2 and the central axis of the neck 3 is 25°, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the root diameter of the body 1 Dimensions in the radial direction, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the base 2 and the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the neck 3 and the upper end of the body 1, and the respective The axial length corresponds to the situations 1-10 described above in turn.

For the dental implant of the above type provided by the utility model, the radial dimension of the upper end of the abutment 2 is smaller than the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment 2, so that the abutment 2 is a conical frustum structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, and the side generatrix of the abutment The included angle range with the central axis of the truncated cone is 2°-4°. The abutment 2 can be constructed as a whole according to the above models to a size compatible with the artificial tooth, so that in the process of implanting the dental implant, the doctor does not need to re-prepare the abutment on the dental implant with a bur for different patients According to the shape and size of the patient’s missing teeth and the thickness of the gums, choose a suitable type of dental implant for operation, and place the horizontal line of the bottom end of the abutment 2 below the gums, or at the level with the gums, so as to reduce When the abutment is prepared on site, the vibration of the dental implant and the foreign body generated by the use of the bur remain around the wound and cause infection; at the same time, choosing the right type of dental implant is conducive to installing the temporary restoration immediately after the implant is placed, or the doctor Impressions can be taken directly to make the final restoration, so that the patient does not need to undergo a second operation, thereby reducing the pain of the patient. In addition, as shown in Figure 2, the dental implant of the beveled abutment can select an implant with a suitable angle according to the position and condition of the missing tooth when the implant is implanted, which is convenient for the doctor to operate.

In the dental implant disclosed in the utility model, the side surface of the neck 3 can also be designed as a rough surface. Further, the side surface of the neck 3 is set as a rough arc surface convex or concave inward, which can be The treatment forms a surface with a certain roughness, which is smaller than the roughness of the above-mentioned platform surface 4. Such a design is conducive to the attachment and growth of soft tissues, and can further reduce or even eliminate the gap between the body and neck of the dental implant. The micro-gap effectively removes the bone resorption caused by the interface and enhances the stability of dental implant implantation.

More specifically, the abutment 2 is a multi-faceted cylinder structure, such as a tetrahedron, pentahedron or hexahedron cylinder. The multi-facet cylinder structure can form an externally embedded retention design. This externally embedded The retention design can be applied to a general-purpose implant torque wrench or a machine socket wrench, which is convenient for doctors to use a square, pentagon or hexagon wrench to hold the abutment 2 for surgery. Compared with the traditional cylinder It makes the doctor's operation more convenient.

Further, a socket 11 for inserting a screwdriver can also be provided on the abutment 2, the central axis of the socket 11 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the body 1, as shown in Figure 4, when the dental implant is a right-angled abutment , the central axis of the socket 11 is coincident with or parallel to the central axes of the body 1, abutment 2 and neck 3; as shown in Figure 5, when the dental implant is an oblique abutment, the central axis of the socket 11 and the The central axes of the part 1 and the neck 3 are coincident or parallel, so as to form a certain angle with the central axis of the abutment 2 . More specifically, the socket 11 is designed as a hollow polygonal structure, such as quadrilateral, pentagonal or hexagonal, as shown in Figure 6, the socket 11 is designed as a hollow hexagonal structure, which is convenient for doctors to operate in a narrow oral cavity space. For example, in the process of implant implantation, the space reserved for the edentulous part is very narrow due to the limitation of the teeth on both sides, so it is impossible to use the externally embedded and retained implant torque wrench or Machine socket wrench implantation operation, you can insert the auxiliary built-in screwdriver tool into the socket 11 and use the torque principle of the torque wrench tool to operate, and the dental implant can be easily implanted in a narrow space, so as to avoid damage Damage to surrounding healthy teeth.

In the dental implant disclosed in the utility model, the entire dental implant can be a one-stage dental implant that is integrally formed by the body 1, the abutment 2 and the neck 3. When implanting, the one-stage dental implant The implant is implanted as a whole at one time; it can also be a two-stage dental implant. When it is a two-stage dental implant, the parts are generally connected by fixing mechanisms such as screws, whether it is a one-stage dental implant or a two-stage dental implant. For segmental dental implants, the platform surface at the upper end of the body is designed to be rough, which can guide the alveolar bone to extend and grow to the platform surface at the upper end of the body, reduce the micro-gap at the interface between the body and neck, and at the same time The side surface of the neck is also designed as a rough surface with less roughness, which can further reduce or even eliminate the micro-gap between the body and the neck, so as to enhance the implant stability of the dental implant and improve the success rate of the operation. Effect.

Embodiment three

As shown in FIG. 3 , in the dental implant disclosed in the present invention, the body 1 is set as a vertebral body structure that gradually shrinks in the root direction, thereby reducing drilling resistance and facilitating the implantation of the body 1 into the alveolar bone. The side surface of the body part 1 includes a first threaded part 6, a second threaded part 7 and a third threaded part 8 connected sequentially from top to bottom, wherein the thread shape of the first threaded part 6 is tooth tip level Zigzag shape with a pitch of 0.5mm-1.0mm; the thread shape of the second thread part 7 is trapezoidal or rectangular thread with a pitch of 1.0mm-2.0mm; the thread shape of the third thread part 8 is a zigzag thread with the tooth tip facing down , the pitch is 1.0mm-2.0mm; and the length ratio among the first threaded part 6, the second threaded part 7 and the third threaded part 8 is 1:2:3.

Preferably, the three threaded parts included in the side surface of the body part 1 can be single-threaded or double-threaded. When the dental implant is drilled into the alveolar bone, when the body part 1 rotates 360° once, the double threaded parts The dental implant with thread design can advance double the pitch, and can be implanted faster than the dental implant with single thread design, thus speeding up the implant implant speed, shortening the operation time and reducing the heat emitted during the operation , to avoid bone necrosis and absorption of surrounding bones caused by excessive heat.

More specifically, in the process of dental implant implantation, firstly, the third threaded part 8 cuts the cancellous bone at the bottom of the alveolar by relying on the downward zigzag thread of the third threaded part 8. The design of this self-tapping thread makes The dental implant can be quickly implanted in the alveolar bone, and then the second threaded part 7 is arranged in the middle section of the body part 1, and the square thread shape in the second threaded part 7 is conducive to better extruding the rotation from the third threaded part 8 The cancellous bone comes up, and finally the dental implant is further stabilized in the alveolar bone by the fine threads of the first threaded part 6 . The combination of three threaded parts can be used to implant one-piece implants more conveniently and quickly, and obtain better initial stability, thereby shortening the time of implant surgery and reducing pain for patients. The thread design of the side surface of the body part 1 of the present invention is not limited to the above, and should also include other thread designs that can achieve the same function.

Further, as shown in Fig. 3, side cutting grooves 9 are also provided on the side surface of the body part 1, and the side cutting grooves 9 are arranged on the entire axial length of the third threaded part 8, and may be a plurality of evenly distributed Side cutting grooves, such as two, three or four, and the shape of the side cutting grooves 9 can be a straight groove parallel to the central axis of the body 1, or an oblique groove at a certain angle with the central axis of the body 1 groove, or a spiral or other curved groove surrounding the surface of the third threaded portion 8 . The side cutting groove 9 and the third threaded part 8 cooperate with each other to cut the cancellous bone at the bottom of the alveolar, and the side cutting groove 9 can form a bone debris accumulation surface, thereby guiding the cancellous bone cut by the third thread part 8 to pass through the body. The bottom end of 1 goes up smoothly, which makes the implantation process of the dental implant faster and more stable, and at the same time prevents bone debris from scattering and causing periodontal inflammation.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 3 , the bottom 10 of the body 1 of the dental implant disclosed in the present invention is spherical, and no thread is designed on the surface of the bottom 10 . The spherical design makes the bottom of the body 1 not on the one hand. Too sharp to avoid damage to the soft tissue in the bone socket when implanting the dental implant, and when the implant bears the occlusal force of food chewing in the alveolar bone, it is easy to cause tooth damage due to the destructive force or impact force of the surrounding stress concentration of the implant. Alveolar bone damage; on the other hand, it will not be too blunt, so that the penetration resistance encountered when the implant is placed in the alveolar bone is relatively large, which is not conducive to the implant placement.

In the dental implant disclosed in the utility model, the side surface of the neck 3 is a rough surface. Further, the side surface of the neck 3 is set as a rough arc surface convex or concave inward, which can be formed by laser processing. A surface with a certain roughness, whose roughness is smaller than the roughness of the above-mentioned platform surface 4, such a design is conducive to the attachment and growth of soft tissues, and can further reduce or even eliminate the micro-gap between the body and neck of the dental implant, Effectively remove the bone resorption caused by the interface, and enhance the stability of dental implant implantation.

In this embodiment, the radial dimension of the upper end of the abutment 2 is smaller than the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment 2, so that the abutment 2 has a conical frustum structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom. The angle range between them is 2°-4°. The shape of such abutment is similar to the shape of the natural prepared tooth, which is convenient for the doctor to directly take the impression to make the crown.

More specifically, the abutment 2 is a multi-faceted cylinder structure, such as a tetrahedron, pentahedron or hexahedron cylinder. The multi-facet cylinder structure can form an externally embedded retention design. This externally embedded The retention design can be applied to a general-purpose implant torque wrench or a machine socket wrench, which is convenient for doctors to use a square, pentagon or hexagon wrench to hold the abutment 2 for surgery. Compared with the traditional cylinder It makes the doctor's operation more convenient.

Further, a socket 11 for inserting a screwdriver can also be provided on the abutment 2, the central axis of the socket 11 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the body 1, as shown in Figure 4, when the dental implant is a right-angled abutment , the central axis of the socket 11 is coincident with or parallel to the central axes of the body 1, abutment 2 and neck 3; as shown in Figure 5, when the dental implant is an oblique abutment, the central axis of the socket 11 and the The central axes of the part 1 and the neck 3 are coincident or parallel, so as to form a certain angle with the central axis of the abutment 2 . More specifically, the socket 11 is designed as a hollow polygonal structure, such as quadrilateral, pentagonal or hexagonal, as shown in Figure 6, the socket 11 is designed as a hollow hexagonal structure, which is convenient for doctors to operate in a narrow oral cavity space. For example, in the process of implant implantation, the space reserved for the edentulous part is very narrow due to the limitation of the teeth on both sides, so it is impossible to use the externally embedded and retained implant torque wrench or Machine socket wrench implantation operation, you can insert the auxiliary built-in screwdriver tool into the socket 11 and use the tool torque principle of the torque wrench to operate, and the dental implant can be easily implanted in a narrow space, so as to avoid damage Damage to surrounding healthy teeth.

In the dental implant disclosed in the utility model, the entire dental implant can be a one-stage dental implant that is integrally formed by the body 1, the abutment 2 and the neck 3. When implanting, the one-stage dental implant The implant is implanted as a whole at one time; it can also be a two-stage dental implant. When it is a two-stage dental implant, the parts are generally connected by fixing mechanisms such as screws, whether it is a one-stage dental implant or a two-stage dental implant. For segmental dental implants, the platform surface at the upper end of the body is designed to be rough, which can guide the alveolar bone to extend and grow to the platform surface at the upper end of the body, reduce the micro-gap at the interface between the body and neck, and at the same time The side surface of the neck is also designed as a rough surface with less roughness, which can guide the attachment of soft tissues and further reduce or even eliminate the micro-gap between the body and neck, so as to enhance the implant stability of the dental implant and improve effect on surgical success.

To sum up, the one-piece implant provided by the utility model can guide the alveolar bone to extend and grow to the platform at the upper end of the body, thereby reducing the micro-gap and micro-movement of the dental implant, and enhancing the strength of the dental implant. The stability after entry, improve the success rate of surgery, shorten the operation time, reduce the pain of patients, has a high market promotion value. The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present utility model, but are not intended to limit the present utility model. Anyone familiar with this technology can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the utility model should still be covered by the claims of the utility model.

Claims (14)

1. A dental implant, comprising a body part implanted in the alveolar bone, an abutment for suiting an artificial tooth and a neck connecting the body part and the abutment, the side surfaces of the body part and the abutment The bottom surface is a rough surface, the neck is a vertebral platform structure that gradually shrinks towards the root, the radial dimension of the root end of the neck is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body, so that the upper end of the body is not covered The portion occupied by the root end of the neck forms a horizontal platform surface, which is characterized in that the platform surface is a rough surface. 2. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the roughness of the platform surface is 1-20 microns. 3. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the side surface of the neck is a rough surface, and the roughness of the side surface of the neck is 0.1-2 microns. 4. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the abutment is a cylindrical structure, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, and the abutment The radial dimension of the root end of the table is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck, and the radial dimension difference is 1.5mm or 2mm; the radial dimension of the upper end of the body is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, so The radial dimension of the root end of the neck is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body, and the radial dimension difference is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the body is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.8 mm; the axial length of the abutment is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm; the axial length of the neck is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm; the axial length of the body is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm. 5. The dental implant according to claim 4, wherein the radial dimension of the upper end of the abutment is smaller than the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment, so that the abutment is a cone with a narrow top and a wide bottom. The frustum structure, the included angle between the side generatrix of the frustum and the central axis of the frustum is 2°-4°. 6. The dental implant of claim 5, wherein the central axes of the body, the neck and the abutment coincide. 7. The dental implant according to claim 5, wherein the central axis of the body and the neck coincide, and a certain angle is formed between the central axis of the abutment and the neck , the included angle is 15°, 20° or 25°. 8. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the body is a pyramidal structure that gradually shrinks in the root direction, and the side surface of the body includes a first sequentially connected from top to bottom. A threaded part, a second threaded part and a third threaded part, the thread shape of the first threaded part is a zigzag shape with the tooth tip level, and the pitch is 0.5mm-1.0mm; the thread shape of the second threaded part is a rectangle , the thread pitch is 1.0mm-2.0mm; the thread shape of the third threaded part is a zigzag shape with the tip of the tooth downward, and the thread pitch is 1.0mm-2.0mm; the first threaded part, the second threaded part and the third threaded part The length ratio between the parts is 1:2:3. 9. The dental implant according to claim 8, wherein the first threaded part, the second threaded part and the third threaded part are all double-threaded. 10. The dental implant according to claim 8, wherein grooves are provided on the side surface of the body, and the grooves are arranged on the entire axial length of the third threaded portion. 11. The dental implant according to claim 10, wherein the groove is one or a plurality of grooves evenly distributed, and the groove is a straight groove or a curved groove. 12. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the abutment is a tetrahedral, pentahedral or hexahedral cylinder. 13. The dental implant according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein a socket for inserting a screwdriver is provided on the abutment, and the central axis of the socket is perpendicular to the top of the body. surface. 14. The dental implant according to claim 13, wherein the socket is quadrangular, pentagonal or hexagonal.