CN205332803U - Material hypervelocity intensification system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ultra-high-speed heating system for materials, which includes a reaction device, an air intake device, a powder feeding device and a flue gas analysis device. The gas is transported, and the high-temperature plasma generated by the high-temperature plasma generator is sent into the reactor from the bottom of the reaction device. The material particles are injected radially from the carrier gas through the stainless steel pipe. The combustion process of the material is recorded by a high-speed camera and a CCD camera, and the reaction is characterized by a thermocouple. The flue gas analysis device is used to collect and detect the burned materials and gas phase components. The utility model uses plasma as a high-temperature heat source, which can meet the ultra-high-speed heating and temperature rise of materials, meet the rapid temperature rise requirements of coal, electric power, chemical industry and metallurgy industries, and meet the rapid temperature rise requirements in the scientific research process. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate. Etc.

Description

A material ultra-high-speed heating system

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of rapid heating and temperature raising devices for materials in industries such as energy, agriculture, chemical industry, iron and steel metallurgy, aerospace, environmental protection and experimental scientific research, and more specifically relates to an ultra-high-speed material heating system.

Background technique

Commonly used solid fuels mainly include biomass, pulverized coal and solid waste. The combustion of solids, especially pulverized coal, as the most common way of energy utilization, has attracted widespread attention. The main heat transfer mode of the actual combustion process of pulverized coal in the boiler is radiation and convective heat transfer, and its temperature rise rate reaches 10000K/S. The combustion of pulverized coal is simulated by the experimental device to study the combustion characteristics of pulverized coal and reveal the combustion reaction of the flame. It can provide a theoretical basis for proposing new combustion technologies.

In the prior art, some schemes are given as follows about the experimental combustion device of solid fuel:

Patent CN101038276B discloses a method and device for detecting the combustion performance of pulverized coal. It uses a constant temperature rise method to fix the pulverized coal in the furnace, and judges the combustion start temperature and combustion end temperature by the appearance and disappearance of _{CO 2 .} The change of the coal powder can be used to judge the burnout time of the pulverized coal, and the determination of the ignition point and the combustion process of the pulverized coal can be realized. However, the heating rate simulated by the device is too low and does not match the actual boiler heating rate of 10000K/S, and the furnace temperature of 300-1200°C is also lower than the actual furnace temperature of 2000K; on the other hand, the use of CO ₂ gas as the combustion indicator is not accurate .

Patent CN104880448A discloses a pulverized coal flame combustion diagnostic test device, which uses an advection flame to generate a flue gas environment similar to that of a boiler, and uses PLIF to detect the fluorescent signal of pulverized coal to judge the ignition of pulverized coal. However, this device has the following problems: 1) The high-temperature flue gas is produced by using an advection flame, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas is relatively large, which is inconsistent with the actual flue gas. Difficulty; 2) The device uses PLIF to optically measure the pulverized coal, which can only detect the local ignition characteristics of the pulverized coal. Regarding the ignition temperature of the pulverized coal, the ignition mechanism (homogeneous or heterogeneous combustion), and the combustion time, etc. Combustion characteristics cannot be detected; 3) The device adopts a transparent combustion chamber, but does not use any heat preservation device, which is not conducive to the burnout of pulverized coal.

Utility model content

In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the utility model provides an ultra-high-speed heating system for materials, which uses plasma as a high-temperature heat source, and is suitable for rapid heating in the fields of energy, chemical industry, steel, metallurgy, etc., and is also suitable for Scientific research on rapid heating of materials, such as rapid heating of solid fuel gasification and combustion, is especially suitable for experimental research on the combustion characteristics of materials under different plasma atmospheres, different reaction temperatures and different heating rates.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model proposes a material ultra-high-speed heating system, which is characterized in that the system includes a reaction device, an air intake device, a powder feeding device and a flue gas analysis device, wherein:

The reaction device includes a reactor thermocouple, a camera unit and a plasma generator, the reactor is loaded into a holding furnace, and an observation window is provided on it, the thermocouple is inserted from the top of the reactor, and the camera unit is provided with At the observation window and the top of the reactor, the plasma generator is sealed with the reactor;

The air intake device includes a gas mixing unit and a plurality of gas supply units, each gas supply unit supplies a gas to the gas mixing unit, and adjusts the gas flow through a flow meter; an electric heating element for heating, which is connected to the plasma generator;

The powder feeding device includes a funnel, a powder feeder and a stainless steel pipe, the powder feeder supplies materials to the funnel, and the materials are transported to the reactor through the stainless steel pipe under the carrier gas;

The flue gas analysis device is connected to the top of the reactor, which is used to collect and analyze the burned material and flue gas.

As a further preference, the flue gas analysis device includes an induced draft fan, a dust collection unit, a dust filtering unit and an exhaust gas treatment unit connected in sequence, and the dust filtering unit is also connected to a flue gas analyzer.

As a further preference, the flue gas analyzer is connected to a computer through a data line.

As a further preference, the powder feeding amount of the material is 0.01g/min-100g/min, and the stainless steel steel pipe is jacketed with a water-cooling sleeve.

As a further preference, the reactor is made of high-temperature-resistant transparent material, which is sealed and connected with the plasma generator by a sealing gasket.

As a further preference, the camera unit includes a high-speed camera and a CCD camera, wherein the high-speed camera is set at the observation window, and the CCD camera is set at the top of the reactor.

As a further preference, the reaction device is further provided with a rectifier, and the rectifier is embedded in the reactor.

As a further preference, the holding furnace includes a heating element, a fixed insulation layer and a detachable insulation layer sequentially from the inside to the outside.

As a further preference, the heating temperature of the heating element is 100K-2000K; the heating rate adjustment range of the material ultra-high-speed heating system is 100K/s-100000K/s.

As a further preference, the gas mixing unit is connected to the plasma generator through a pipeline provided with an electric heating heating cable.

Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the utility model mainly has the following technical advantages:

1. In this utility model, the plasma is used as the ultra-high-speed heating system of the high-temperature heat source, and the temperature of the high-temperature gas in the reactor can be adjusted in a wide range, and the adjustment is easy, and the gas concentration can be kept constant while adjusting the temperature; the high-temperature gas in the reactor can be Using different types and different proportions of gases, the proportion of high-temperature plasma gas generated by the plasma generator is flexible and adjustable, which can simulate air atmosphere, oxygen-rich atmosphere such as O2/CO2 and O2/H2O, coal gasification atmosphere or coal-to-oil atmosphere, The adjustable range of material heating rate is 100K/s-100000K/s.

2. In this utility model, adding a detachable insulation layer, a fixed insulation layer and heating elements outside the reactor can effectively ensure that the plasma gas in the reactor maintains a high temperature, and the insulation layer outside the reactor adopts a detachable type, The position of the observation window can be adjusted at will; the plasma generator and the reactor are connected by a high-temperature resistant sealing ring, and the connection is water-cooled, and the connection is tight; the ceramic rectifier is used to make the high-temperature plasma pass through, and a uniform high-temperature airflow can be generated;

3. In this utility model, the observation of the material ignition stage and the burnout stage can be realized by setting a high-speed camera and a CCD camera. The reactor can effectively measure the flame shape, flame temperature and The gas phase components, coupled with the plasma burner and the optical diagnostic device, can study the combustion characteristics and pollutant emission characteristics of the material in the plasma atmosphere; the outlet of the reactor is connected with a flue gas analysis device, and the dust collection unit and the flue gas analyzer can Effectively measure the gas phase components (CO, CO ₂ , CH ₄ , SO ₂ , NO _X , NO, etc.)

4. In the utility model, the material is injected into the funnel by the injection powder feeder, and the carrier gas carries the material through the stainless steel pipe and enters the reactor, which can realize the separate control of the carrier gas velocity and the powder feeding amount; generally speaking, the utility model The new heating system has a wide range of applications. It is not only suitable for rapid heating in the fields of energy, chemical industry, iron and steel, and metallurgy, but also for scientific research on rapid heating of materials. Warm up and heat up.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a material ultra-high-speed heating system in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of air intake device in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of powder feeding device in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of reaction device in the utility model;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the flue gas analysis device in the present utility model.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute conflicts with each other.

As shown in Figure 1, a material ultra-high-speed heating system provided by the embodiment of the utility model mainly includes four parts: a reaction device C, an air intake device A, a powder feeding device B and a flue gas analysis device D, wherein, The reaction device C is used to provide the material with an environment of ultra-high-speed heating and heating, such as providing a high temperature environment of 1400K for the material combustion, the intake device A is used to provide the reaction gas for the material combustion, and the powder feeding device B is used to provide continuous For stable materials, the flue gas analysis device D is used to detect and analyze the burnout of materials and the emission of pollutants.

Each part will be described and explained in more detail below one by one.

As shown in Figure 4, the reaction device C includes a reactor 13, a thermocouple 14, a camera unit and a plasma generator 5, and the reactor 13 is loaded into a holding furnace, the inner diameter of the reactor 13 is D, and the length is L ₁ , and the holding furnace body Total length is L, and reactor 13 is provided with observation window 9; Thermocouple 14 is inserted from the top of reactor 13, is used for measuring the central temperature inside reactor 13, thereby guarantees that the temperature of reactor 13 center is high enough; At the observation window 9 and the top of the reactor 13 ; the plasma generator 5 is sealed and connected with the reactor 13 , which is controlled by the plasma electronic control unit 4 .

Specifically, the holding furnace includes a heating element 12, a fixed insulating layer 11 and a detachable insulating layer 10 from the inside to the outside. The position corresponding to the window 9 is hollowed out to expose the observation window 9; the reaction device C also includes a rectifier 6 embedded in the reactor 13, which can be removed and cleaned periodically.

Further, in the embodiment of the utility model, the reactor 13 is made of a high-temperature-resistant transparent material, specifically a high-temperature-resistant transparent quartz material, which is a cylinder or a polyhedron, and can work at a temperature of 1400K for a long time. The reactor 13 and the plasma generator 5 is sealed and connected with a sealing gasket, specifically connected to the bottom of the reactor 13, and is sealed and connected in an embedded manner; the detachable insulation layer 10 above the observation window 9 can be disassembled to provide a longer observation interval; the rectifier 6 is specifically: A ceramic rectifier, which is detachable, is installed in the reactor 13 at a distance of 10 mm from the nozzle. The heating temperature of the heating element 12 is 100K-2000K, and the length between it and the fixed insulation layer 11 is L/10-L/2; the size of the observation window is determined according to the window range of the high-speed camera, and the window size of this example is preferably 40 ×40mm.

More specifically, the camera unit includes a high-speed camera 25 and a CCD camera 18, wherein the high-speed camera 25 is arranged at the observation window 9, and a backlight is placed opposite to it, and the CCD camera 18 is arranged at the top of the reactor 13 or at the observation window to realize Observation of material ignition stage and burnout stage. Both the high-speed camera 25 and the CCD camera 18 are connected to the computer 24 through the data line 27 . High-speed camera 25 and CCD camera 18 record the combustion situation of pulverized coal at a speed of 4000fps, and obtain its ignition delay time, ignition temperature, and combustion time through post-processing.

As shown in Figure 2, the air intake device A includes a gas mixing unit 1 and a plurality of gas supply units 3, each gas supply unit 3 supplies a gas to the gas mixing unit 1, and each gas has its corresponding flow meter 2. After different flow adjustments, it enters the gas mixing unit 1; the gas mixing unit 1 mixes various gases to form a mixed gas, and is equipped with an electric heating element for heating the mixed gas. The gas mixing unit 1 and the plasma generator Device 5 is connected.

Further, the gas supply unit in this embodiment is specifically a gas storage bottle, and the gas is one or more of H ₂ O, N ₂ , CO ₂ , O ₂ , H ₂ and Ar, and the ratio can be changed flexibly, which can Simulate air atmosphere, O ₂ /CO ₂ and O ₂ /H ₂ O and other oxygen-rich characteristic atmospheres, coal gasification atmosphere or coal-to-oil atmosphere, the mixed gas provided by the gas mixing unit 1 enters the high-temperature plasma generation after passing through the electric heating heating cable 26 The device 5 is ionized to generate high-temperature plasma gas, and the high-temperature plasma gas enters the reactor 13 after passing through the rectifier 6 . More specifically, the high-temperature plasma gas atmosphere generated by the ion generator 5 can be one or more of _H2O , N2, _CO2 , _O2 , etc., and the flow rate of the high-temperature plasma is 1m/s-300m/s , the temperature is 300K-5000K, the adjustable heating rate of the heating system is 100K/s-100000K/s, the gas mixing unit 1 is specifically connected to the plasma generator 5 through a pipeline with an electric heating heating cable 26 added.

During actual operation, select the H ₂ O gas supply unit 3-1, the N ₂ gas supply unit 3-2, the CO ₂ gas supply unit 3-3, and the O ₂ gas supply unit 3-4 in the gas supply unit 3, and pass The respective flow meters 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, and 2-4 enter the gas mixing unit 1 in different proportions for mixing, and the mixed gas enters the plasma generator 5 at a flow rate of 1.6L/S after being preheated to 473K Medium ionization produces a high temperature plasma of 1400K, and then enters the reactor 13.

As shown in Figure 3, the powder feeder B includes a funnel 15, a powder feeder 16 and a stainless steel pipe 7. The powder feeder 16 supplies materials to the funnel 15, and the materials are transported to the reactor 13 through the stainless steel pipe 7 under the carrier gas. , the stainless steel pipe 7 is sealed and connected with the reactor 13, and is inserted horizontally into the side of the reactor 13, and the solid fuels such as coal powder, biomass and solid waste in the powder feeding device B are injected radially and continuously into the reactor through the stainless steel pipe 7 13 in.

Further, the material selected in the embodiment of the utility model is coal powder, and the powder feeder 16 is an injection type, and the coal powder is injected into the funnel 15 by the powder feeder 16, and the powder feeding amount is determined by the propulsion rate of the powder feeder, and the carrier gas After passing through the flow meter 17, the pulverized coal in the funnel 15 is carried into the stainless steel steel pipe 7. The powder feeding amount of the material is 0.01g/min-100g/min, and the powder feeding amount is adjustable. The carrier gas speed is controlled by the flow meter 17. In the utility model, the carrier gas speed and powder feeding amount are independently controlled. Specifically, the stainless steel pipe 7 is jacketed with a water-cooling sleeve 8, the inner diameter of which is D/20-D/4, the length extending into the reactor 13 is D/10-2D/3, and the inner diameter is preferably 6mm.

More specifically, the carrier gas is air, the carrier gas velocity is 1.3m/s, and the powder feeding amount is 0.05g/min. The coal powder enters the reactor 13 through the stainless steel pipe 7 with an inner diameter of 6mm, and is then carried up by the high-temperature plasma gas. , and ignite quickly; in addition, the funnel 15 is specifically a glass funnel.

As shown in Figure 5, the flue gas analysis device D is connected to the top of the reactor 13 for collecting and analyzing burned materials and flue gas. The flue gas analysis device D includes an induced draft fan 19 and a dust collection unit connected in sequence 20. The dust filter unit 21 and the tail gas treatment unit 22, the dust filter unit 21 is also connected with the flue gas analyzer 23, the flue gas analyzer 23 is connected with the computer 24 through the data line 27, and a flue gas analysis device is added at the top of the reactor, through The dust collection unit 20 and the flue gas analyzer 23 can obtain the burnout rate of pulverized coal and the generation characteristics of pollutants.

The specific operation process of the material ultra-high-speed heating system of the present invention will be described in detail below.

First, the N2 gas supply unit 3-2 and the O2 gas supply unit 3-4 in the gas supply unit 3 enter the gas mixing unit 1 at a ratio of 79:21 through respective flow meters 2-2 and 2-4 for mixing. After the gas is preheated to 473K, it enters the plasma generator 5 at a flow rate of 1.6L/S and ionizes to generate a high-temperature plasma of 1400K, and then enters the reactor 13; a suction thermocouple 14 is inserted from the top to measure the central temperature of the reactor .

Secondly, the powder feeding system B uses air as the carrier gas, the carrier gas velocity is 1.3m/s, the material is coal powder, the coal powder feed rate is 0.05g/min, and the coal powder is carried by the air through the stainless steel pipe 7 with an inner diameter of 6mm. Reactor 13.

Again, the pulverized coal entering the reactor is carried up by the high-temperature plasma gas, and is quickly ignited and burned.

Finally, the high-speed camera 25 records the combustion of pulverized coal at a speed of 4000 fps and the CCD 18 at a speed of 100 fps, and obtains the ignition delay time, ignition temperature, and combustion time through post-processing, and obtains the pulverized coal through the coal ash collection device 20 and the flue gas analyzer 23. The burnout rate and the generation characteristics of pollutants.

The temperature of the material is raised through the ultra-high-speed material heating system of the utility model. For different types of material particles, the adjustable heating rate range is 100K/s-100000K/s. It has the advantages of wide temperature adjustment range, simple structure, and convenient operation. Not only It is suitable for rapid heating in the fields of energy, chemical industry, iron and steel metallurgy, environmental protection, agriculture, and aerospace. It is also suitable for scientific research on rapid heating of materials. It can meet the ultra-high-speed heating of solid fuels such as biomass, coal powder, and solid waste.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and modifications made within the spirit and principles of the utility model Improvements and the like should all be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A material ultra-high-speed heating system, characterized in that the system includes a reaction device (C), an air intake device (A), a powder feeding device (B) and a flue gas analysis device (D), wherein: Described reaction device (C) comprises reactor (13), thermocouple (14), camera unit and plasma generator (5), and described reactor (13) is packed in the holding furnace, is provided with observation window ( 9), the thermocouple (14) is inserted from the top of the reactor (13), the camera unit is located at the observation window (9) and the top of the reactor (13), the plasma generator (5 ) is airtightly connected with the reactor (13); The air intake device (A) includes a gas mixing unit (1) and a plurality of gas supply units (3), each gas supply unit (3) supplies a gas to the gas mixing unit (1), and passes the flow rate The meter (2) regulates the gas flow rate; the gas mixing unit (1) is provided with an electric heating element for heating the gas, which is connected to the plasma generator (5); The powder feeder (B) includes a funnel (15), a powder feeder (16) and a stainless steel pipe (7), the powder feeder (16) supplies materials to the funnel (15), and the materials are carried by the carrier gas Delivered in the reactor (13) through the stainless steel pipe (7); The flue gas analysis device (D) is connected to the top of the reactor (13), and it is used for collecting and analyzing burned materials and flue gas. 2. The material ultra-high-speed heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the flue gas analysis device (D) comprises an induced draft fan (19), a dust collection unit (20), a dust filter unit (21) connected in sequence ) and an exhaust gas treatment unit (22), and the dust filter unit (21) is also connected to a flue gas analyzer (23). 3. The ultra-high-speed heating system for materials according to claim 2, characterized in that the flue gas analyzer (23) is connected to a computer (24) through a data line (27). 4. The material ultra-high-speed heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the powder feeding amount of the material is 0.01g/min-100g/min, and the stainless steel pipe (7) is covered with a water cooling sleeve (8 ). 5. The ultra-high-speed heating system for materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, the reactor (13) is made of high-temperature-resistant transparent material, and is sealed and connected with the plasma generator (5) by a sealing gasket. 6. The material ultra-high-speed heating system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, the camera unit comprises a high-speed camera (25) and a CCD camera (18), wherein the high-speed camera (25) is located at the observation window (9 ), the CCD camera (18) is located at the top of the reactor (13). 7. The ultra-high-speed material heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that, the reaction device (C) is further provided with a rectifier (6), and the rectifier (6) is embedded in the reactor (13). 8. The ultra-high-speed heating system for materials as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, the holding furnace sequentially comprises a heating element (12), a fixed heat insulating layer (11) and a detachable heat insulating layer (10) from the inside to the outside ). 9. The material ultra-high-speed heating system according to claim 8, characterized in that, the heating temperature of the heating element (12) is 100K-2000K; the heating rate adjustment range of the material ultra-high-speed heating system is 100K/s -100000K/s. 10. The ultra-high-speed material heating system according to claim 9, characterized in that, the gas mixing unit (1) is connected to the plasma generator (5) through a pipeline with an electric heating heating cable (26).