CN204334142U - Permanent magnet direct drive wind turbine, system and its stator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of permanent magnet direct-driving aerogenerator, system and stator thereof, wherein, stator comprises stator support, be arranged on stator core and the oar side tooth support of the periphery wall of stator support, described oar side tooth support is arranged on the oar side axial end of described stator core, the periphery wall of described stator support has at least one first pore, described oar side tooth support offers at least one second pore, described stator also includes at least one gas channel of the first pore described in UNICOM and described second pore, described gas channel is through the inside of described stator core.The utility model embodiment uses " pressure-fired " technology by the rotor inside at high altitude wind power generator, make motor can adaptively dry self, and stop extraneous severe air-flow to enter motor internal, extend the useful life of permanent magnetism magnetic pole, prevent motor internal device " insulation level reduction ", reduce the risk that motor corrodes by severe air-flow, improve insulating reliability.

Description

Permanent magnet direct drive wind turbine, system and its stator

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of wind power, and in particular relates to a permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator, a system and a stator thereof.

Background technique

In the prior art, the open type permanent magnet direct drive external rotor wind turbine relies on natural air cooling, and the open structure is conducive to natural ventilation and heat exchange, which helps to use permanent magnet materials for the magnetic poles to prevent the magnetic degradation after the temperature rise exceeds the standard, but the generator is usually exposed. Under extremely harsh environmental conditions (exposed to wind, frost, rain, snow, sand, salt spray, etc.).

1. Sources and hazards of moisture inside the motor in a humid environment

(1) Source of moisture

In a humid environment, rain and snow are more likely to enter the motor than in a normal environment. In summary, the main sources of moisture are as follows:

The wind turbine outside the nacelle running outdoors is directly soaked by rain and snow melt, and a small amount of water enters the motor from the annular gap through the rotation of the motor; when the generator stops working in wet weather, moisture enters the generator Condensation occurs inside; generators that have been shut down for a long time are prone to moisture condensation due to moisture ingress; wind turbines working in harsh environments may also suffer from accidents such as rain, snow, and water immersion (drain holes are clogged), causing moisture to enter; generator production During the process, there is no pre-baking according to the process requirements or incomplete drying after dipping, resulting in residual moisture in the insulating capillary pores, etc.

(2) The reason why the generator insulation is easy to be damp

This part mainly cites the paper "Analysis of the Causes of Generator Insulation Susceptibility to Moisture" (Author: Qi Yufu QI Yu-fu, Journal Title: Large Motor Technology Year, Volume (Period): 2009 (4)).

The insulation of air-cooled generators is prone to moisture when they are out of service, which is mainly manifested in a significant increase in leakage current and a significant decrease in insulation resistance. According to regulations, if the insulation resistance is low to a certain value, it is not allowed to run, and must be dried.

Air-cooled generator insulation is easy to get damp because of its operating state and structure. Because the insulation of the generator can only use solid insulating medium, which is embedded in the core slot, it cannot be immersed in insulating oil like a transformer, nor can it be sealed in a closed metal shell filled with SF6 like a fully enclosed combined electrical appliance GIS. The insulation of the generator can only be exposed to the air. During normal operation, the heat generated by the generator core and windings must be taken away by the flowing air. When the heat generation and heat dissipation of the generator are balanced, the temperature of the generator core and winding is kept within a certain value range. When the generator is running normally, the external rotor permanent magnet direct drive generator that relies on natural air cooling also relies on the air intruded from nature as the cooling medium. The temperature of the iron core and winding will be higher than the temperature of the cooling medium air. After the generator stops running, the temperature of the iron core and winding will gradually decrease. balance. At this time, the insulation absorbs moisture in the air and becomes damp. If in the thunderstorm season, the air humidity is greater after the rain, the insulation of the generator is even more damp. After the insulation of the generator is damp, the leakage current is dozens or even hundreds of times of the normal value, and the insulation resistance is one tenth of the normal value. From the data analysis, the insulation of the generator is seriously affected by moisture, and it cannot be operated without drying treatment. Generator insulation is seriously affected by damp, which is from the perspective of insulation test data. In fact, at the initial stage of the insulation being damp, only moisture is absorbed on the surface, and the interior of the insulation has not yet been damp. Compared with the insulation after being soaked in water, the moisture on the surface of the insulation is still a small amount, and it is much easier to dry.

When the air humidity of the motor insulation is high, it takes a short time for the insulation resistance to decrease due to moisture, a day or even a few hours. This requires that rainwater must be prevented from entering the generator in rainy days, or the humid air in the motor shall be taken away in time after rain. The regulations clearly stipulate that unqualified insulation resistance cannot guarantee that the generator will run without accidents, and if an accident occurs, it will inevitably cause great economic losses. It can only be operated after passing the drying treatment.

(3) Hazards caused by moisture inside the generator

For generators, good insulation is a prerequisite for safe operation of the motor. There are a large number of capillary pores in the stator winding, whether it is slot insulation, interlayer insulation, phase insulation or binding tape and the outer layer of power lead wires. It is easy to absorb moisture in the air, reduce its own insulation performance and deteriorate the thermal conductivity of the insulation, cause insulation breakdown and damage the motor, and cause personal and equipment safety accidents. High relative humidity can easily cause water film to condense on the surface. When the humidity is higher than 95%, water droplets often condense inside the motor, which makes metal parts easy to rust, lubricating grease deteriorates due to moisture, and some insulating materials swell due to moisture, and some become soft and sticky. The mechanical and electrical properties deteriorate, and insulation breakdown and surface flashover are prone to occur. In addition, in a high-humidity environment, mold is also easy to grow, and the secretion of mold can corrode metal and insulating materials, rapidly deteriorate the insulation, and cause short-circuit accidents.

2. Summary analysis of existing technologies

(1) common drying method in the prior art

This part will refer to the paper "On-site drying treatment of generator stator winding insulation damp" (author: Lin Jun, Li Yunhai, Jian Jian, [CLC number] TM31l [document identification code] B [article number] 1004-7913 (2009 )04-0013-02) to explain.

After the stator winding of the generator is damp, different cooling methods, different capacities and different degrees of dampness are used for the drying treatment of generators. At present, the following drying methods are commonly used in the field. (a) Stator iron loss drying method. This method is practically inoperable for large generators, especially generators that are overhauled during operation. (b) Applied current drying method. Pass the current to the rotor coil, and use the heat generated by the copper loss to heat the rotor winding. Due to the limitation of on-site capacity, it is difficult to use AC heating method, so DC current heating is generally used. This method needs to connect the three-phase windings of the generator in series, or untie the branches according to the situation and then connect them in series to form a loop. The current of large generators is relatively large, and DC is generally added according to the winding branch. The power supply can be the power supply of electric barring or other power supply obtained through rectification, and the generator with small capacity can also adopt the method of parallel connection of multiple DC welding machines for power supply. (c) External heat source method. In the wind tunnel of the generator, the upper and lower windshields of the stator are opened, and an electric heating plate or other infrared heating equipment is arranged at the lower part of the stator winding. This method is more effective for smaller generators. (d) Three-phase short-circuit drying method. Short-circuit the three phases at the outlet of the stator winding of the generator, and then make the generator set run within the rated speed range. By adjusting the excitation current, the current of the stator winding rises accordingly, and the winding is dried by using the heat generated by the generator's own current. Three-phase short-circuit drying requires the generator itself to have operating conditions. (e) hot water circulation drying method. For generators with internal cooling of the stator bars, the cooling water in the internal cooling water tank can be heated by using the heating device in the internal cooling water tank or temporarily connected to the electric heater. The water temperature should not be higher than 70°C. Water circulation dries the insulation of the stator bars. This method is often used in the field of stator bar water-cooled generators, and the object of action is the motor for ground operation.

For the permanent magnet direct drive wind turbine, the solution (b) in the above method has been tried in order to dry the insulation system.

(2) Other drying techniques

Thesis "Dehumidification and Drying Maintenance with Hot Air after Shutdown of Steam Turbine"

Author: Chen Xinggeng, Cao Zuqing; Author unit: Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu; Parent literature: Proceedings of the Fourth National Academic Annual Conference on Thermal Power Generation Technology (Volume 1).

Conference name: The 4th National Academic Annual Conference on Thermal Power Generation Technology, conference time: November 01, 2003.

After the steam turbine is shut down, the unsaturated humid air is used to flow through the flow-through part to absorb the residual moisture to dry the inside of the machine and prevent the steam turbine from rusting after the shutdown. In order to improve the moisture absorption capacity of the humid air, the humid air is first compressed and then heated by a heater, and then passed into a steam turbine to absorb moisture and then discharged. "If the moisture content of the exhaust gas has dropped to the predetermined index, it means that the inside of the machine has been dried to prevent corrosion.

(3) Paper "Quick Drying Method for Water Damaged Motors"

Author: Shen Zhaohu, Journal Title: China Rural Water Conservancy and Hydropower Year, Volume (Issue): 1999(1).

Motors soaked in floods need to be dried. In order to shorten the drying time and save drying costs, a far-infrared temperature-controlled dryer was developed. The dryer is simple, efficient, practical, easy to obtain materials and low in cost.

3. Exploration of the technical route of the sealing scheme of the wind turbine outside the open nacelle

Seals can be divided into two categories: static seals between relatively static joint surfaces and dynamic seals between relatively moving joint surfaces. Here, the sealing part of the wind turbine outside the open nacelle has relative movement, which belongs to the rotary seal. According to whether the seal is in contact with the relative moving parts, the dynamic seal can be divided into contact seal, non-contact seal and no shaft seal. If contact seals are used for wind turbines outside the open nacelle, it is impossible to rely on relatively dry airflow to directly cool the inside of the motor for a long time during the dry time during non-rain and snow periods. Non-contact seals include labyrinth seals and dynamic seals. The labyrinth seal uses the throttling effect of the fluid in the gap to limit leakage, and the leakage is relatively large, so it is usually used in occasions with low requirements. Power seals include centrifugal seals, floating ring seals, spiral seals, air pressure seals, jet seals, hydraulic seals, magnetic flow seals, etc., relying on power components to generate pressure to offset the pressure difference on both sides of the seal to overcome leakage. It has a high Sealing, but consumes a lot of energy. This type of seal works by utilizing the equilibrium state of hydrodynamics. If the operating conditions change, it will cause large fluctuations in leakage.

Labyrinth seals are also called comb seals, which are mainly used for gas sealing. It can make the fluid pass through the channel composed of many throttling gaps and expansion cavities, and after multiple throttling, a large energy loss will be generated, and the fluid pressure will drop greatly. In the direct-drive external rotor large-scale permanent magnet wind turbine, the characteristic of "throttle pressure drop" can be used to construct the sealing link.

Air pressure seals use air pressure to block the gap between rotating and stationary parts to ensure a seal. But there must be an air source with a certain pressure to supply air, and the pressure generated by the air source at this seal is higher than the pressure of the natural environment outside the motor. The air pressure seal is not limited by temperature and speed, and is generally used in places where the pressure difference between the two sides of the seal is not large.

Based on the relevant representative papers retrieved above, at present, thermal power generating units, hydroelectric generating units, and nuclear power generating units operating in the power grid are usually set up in a fixed factory building. Usually, the plant will not be subject to the intrusion of rain and snow. It’s just that when the hydroelectric unit is submerged by floods, and the cooling medium (water) used by the above-mentioned generating unit leaks, the convenience of operating conditions and maintenance of the generating unit operating on the ground is far better than that of the wind farm. Onshore or offshore wind turbines. In terms of generator cooling, while making full use of the convenience and superior performance of air cooling in the natural environment, what needs to be solved and tested is the insulation level of the generator's insulation system. Permanent magnet direct-drive external rotor wind turbines are exposed to wind, sand, rain, snow, sun exposure or freezing environments after shutdown all year round. The environmental gap is too large, especially some restoration work costs are too high, and high-altitude operations (60-100 meters) require high fees to use cranes. So what is easy to do on the ground becomes even impossible in a wind turbine. On the other hand, operation in wind parks is also dependent on windy weather. The wind turbine drives the rotor of the generator to rotate, and the stator of the generator induces an electric potential, so that a three-phase short circuit can be implemented at the outlet of the stator, and the heat generated by the short circuit current is used to dry the stator and improve the insulation level. At the same time, according to the wind speed at that time, it is necessary to implement variable pitch to indirectly control the rotor speed of the generator, thereby controlling the short-circuit current, and controlling the heat production of the winding to dry the tide. These conditions are all dependent on the weather. Moreover, the duration of the wind affects the drying effect. The direct-drive outer rotor permanent magnet wind turbine has a large mass and requires a large amount of heat production. The heat conduction time after heat production and the mass transfer drying time during tide driving are on the order of several hours. The duration and discontinuity of the wind affect the drying effect.

The inventor finds that the prior art has the following defects in actual operation:

(1) The permanent magnet direct drive external rotor wind turbine uses natural wind to cool the stator core bracket and the outer wall of the rotor. At the same time, a certain amount of wind in the natural environment invades the motor cavity through the stator rotor gap of the generator, and then passes through the air gap along the axis. Gather to the other end, and the light air after deposition is squeezed out from the rear end seal and discharged into the atmosphere. What flows through the internal gap of the motor is gas (steam), liquid, and solid multiphase flow (including air, water vapor, rain, snow, salt spray, sand, floc, etc.). They can cause deterioration of insulation performance, lead to deterioration of electrical and mechanical properties of motor insulation, reduction of residual withstand voltage level and life, and ultimately lead to insulation damage.

(2) All of the above are operations of ground generating units, which are performed at an altitude of 60-100 meters, including the realization of various functions, especially the maintenance work in the engine room, which is beyond the reach of manpower and material resources, or even becomes impossible. The sealing, drying measures and maintenance (overhaul, replacement) of wind turbines are far different from those of thermal and hydroelectric generators operating on the ground. Some good methods used on the ground are inconvenient or even difficult to apply to wind turbines operating in the "sky".

(3) Relying solely on the above-mentioned hot air drying method is only a surface drying technology, which cannot solve the drying demand after the internal laminations of the stator core are damp.

(4) The use of an open structure cannot resist the harm of air-carrying rain or snow intruding into the generator in windy and windy weather or in windy and snowy weather. The "reduced insulation level" pays for the cooling of the generator.

(5) After shutdown, the humid air in the generator cavity and air gap condenses and infiltrates into the motor, which will cause the motor stator and the surface coating of the permanent magnet poles to be damp, which will affect their service life.

Utility model content

The purpose of the embodiment of the utility model is to provide a permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator, system and its stator, which can introduce the airflow inside the stator bracket to the axial end surface of the stator core, so that the motor can use the internal The airflow source dries itself, or resists external bad airflow (such as rain or snow) to make it difficult to enter the motor, prolong the service life of the permanent magnet poles, prevent the "insulation level reduction" of the internal components of the motor, and reduce the risk of the motor being corroded by moisture and The insulation reliability performance is guaranteed.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present utility model provides a stator of a permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generator, including a stator bracket, a stator core arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket, and a paddle side tooth pressure plate, and the paddle side teeth The pressure plate is arranged on the paddle-side axial end surface of the stator core,

At least one first air hole is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket, and at least one second air hole is opened on the paddle side tooth pressure plate,

The stator further includes at least one airflow channel communicating with the first air hole and the second air hole, and the airflow channel passes through the interior of the stator core.

Further, a punching plate fixing key is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket, the dovetail groove of the stator core is sleeved on the punching plate fixing key, and the air flow passage passes through the punching plate fixing key and the punching plate fixing key. The first air holes communicate with each other.

Further, the airflow channel includes a radial airflow channel and an axial airflow channel, the radial airflow channel passes through the punching plate fixing key and the inside of the stator core, one end of the radial airflow channel is connected to the The other end is connected to the axial airflow passage, and the axial airflow passage passes through the interior of the stator core in the axial direction and communicates with the second airhole.

Further, the first air holes, the second air holes, and the airflow channels are multiple and equal in number, and are equally arranged along the circumference, and the plurality of the first air holes, the second air holes, and the air flow channels Corresponding to the communication, a plurality of independent airflow passages are formed from the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket to the paddle side tooth pressure plate.

Further, an annular converging nozzle is arranged on the paddle side tooth pressure plate, and the second air hole communicates with the annular inlet of the converging nozzle.

Further, the stator includes a paddle side shroud, and the rotor matched with the stator includes a rotor sealing ring. After the stator and rotor are combined and installed, the annular outlet of the convergent nozzle faces the paddle side The annular gap formed by the shroud and the rotor sealing ring.

Further, the section of the convergent nozzle is sickle-shaped, including a vertical section, an inclined section and a curved section connected in sequence, the vertical section communicates with the second air hole, and the radial direction of the vertical section The width is consistent and greater than or equal to the radial width of the second air hole, the inclined section is generally inclined towards the center of the stator, the curved section is generally arc-shaped, and its end forms the outlet of the tapered nozzle , the radial width gradually decreases from the inclined section to the end of the curved section.

In addition, the embodiment of the present utility model also provides another permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator stator, including a stator bracket, a stator core arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket, a paddle side tooth pressure plate and a tower side tooth pressure plate. The paddle-side tooth pressure plate is arranged on the paddle-side axial end surface of the stator core, and the tower-side tooth pressure plate is arranged on the tower-side axial end surface of the stator core,

At least one first air hole is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket, at least one second air hole is opened on the paddle side tooth pressure plate, and at least one third air hole is opened on the tower side tooth pressure plate,

The stator further includes at least one airflow passage communicating the first air hole with the second air hole and the third air hole, and the airflow passage passes through the interior of the stator core.

Further, a punching plate fixing key is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket, the dovetail groove of the stator core is sleeved on the punching plate fixing key, and the air flow passage passes through the punching plate fixing key and the punching plate fixing key. The first air holes communicate with each other.

Further, the airflow channel includes a radial airflow channel and an axial airflow channel, the radial airflow channel passes through the punching plate fixing key and the inside of the stator core, one end of the radial airflow channel is connected to the The other end is connected to the axial airflow channel, and the axial airflow channel passes through the interior of the stator core in the axial direction and communicates with the second air hole and the third air hole.

Further, the first air hole, the second air hole, the third air hole and the airflow channels are multiple and equal in number, and are equally arranged along the circumference, and the plurality of the first air hole, the second air hole The air hole, the third air hole and the airflow channel communicate correspondingly to form a plurality of independent airflow paths from the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket to the paddle side tooth pressure plate and the tower side tooth pressure plate.

Further, ring-shaped convergent nozzles are respectively arranged on the paddle-side toothed pressure plate and the tower-side toothed pressure plate, and the second air hole and the third air hole communicate with the annular inlet of the tapered nozzle .

Further, the stator includes a paddle side shroud and a tower side shroud, and the rotor includes a rotor seal ring and an end cover seal ring, which are arranged on the paddle side tooth pressure plate after the stator and rotor are combined and installed The annular outlet of the convergent nozzle is facing the gap formed by the paddle side coaming plate and the rotor sealing ring, and the annular outlet of the converging nozzle arranged on the tower side tooth pressure plate is facing the said tower side coaming plate and the The annular gap formed by the end cap seal ring.

Further, the section of the convergent nozzle is sickle-shaped, including a vertical section, an inclined section and a curved section connected in sequence, and the tapered nozzle is arranged on the paddle side tooth pressure plate and the tower side tooth pressure plate. The vertical section of the pipe communicates with the second air hole and the third air hole respectively, and the radial width of the vertical section is consistent and greater than or equal to the radial width of the second air hole and the third air hole width, the inclined section is generally inclined towards the center of the stator, the curved section is generally arc-shaped, and its end forms the outlet of the tapered nozzle, from the inclined section to the end of the curved section, The radial width gradually decreases.

The embodiment of the utility model also provides a permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generator, including a rotor and a stator as described above.

In addition, the embodiment of the present utility model also provides a stator of a permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generator, which includes a stator bracket, a stator core arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket, and a tower side tooth pressure plate, and the tower side tooth pressure plate arranged on the tower-side axial end face of the stator core,

At least one first air hole is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket, and at least one third air hole is opened on the tower side tooth pressure plate,

The stator further includes at least one airflow channel communicating with the first air hole and the third air hole, and the airflow channel passes through the interior of the stator core.

Further, a punching plate fixing key is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket, the dovetail groove of the stator core is sleeved on the punching plate fixing key, and the air flow passage passes through the punching plate fixing key and the punching plate fixing key. The first air holes communicate with each other.

Further, the airflow channel includes a radial airflow channel and an axial airflow channel, the radial airflow channel passes through the punching plate fixing key and the inside of the stator core, one end of the radial airflow channel is connected to the The other end is connected to the axial airflow channel, and the axial airflow channel passes through the interior of the stator core in the axial direction and communicates with the third air hole.

Further, the first air hole, the third air hole and the airflow channel are multiple and equal in number, and are equally arranged along the circumference, and the plurality of the first air hole, the third air hole and the airflow channel Corresponding to the communication, a plurality of independent airflow passages are formed from the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket to the tooth pressure plate on the tower side.

The embodiment of the present utility model also provides another permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generator, which includes a rotor and a stator as described above.

Further, the stator includes a tower side shroud, the rotor includes an end cover sealing ring, a tower side sealing part is arranged between the tower side shroud and the end cover sealing ring, and the tower side sealing part It is fixed on one side of the side coaming plate of the tower or the sealing ring of the end cover, and seals the annular gap between the side coaming plate of the tower and the sealing ring of the end cover in a dynamic sealing manner.

The embodiment of the utility model also provides a permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generator system, including the above-mentioned wind power generator and an air source system arranged inside the wind turbine, the air source system and the first air hole connect.

Further, the air source system includes an air source generating device for generating an air flow at a predetermined pressure and an air source processing device for performing air source purification and drying on the air flow.

Further, the air source generating device is an air compressor, and the air source processing device includes an air filter, a cooler, an oil-water separator, and a dryer.

Further, the air source system is connected to the first air hole through a main pipe and a branch pipe, and branch pipes with the same number as the first air hole are led out from the main pipe, and the branch pipes are correspondingly connected to the first air hole superior.

The permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator, the system and its stator of the embodiment of the utility model can introduce the airflow inside the stator to the axial end surface of the stator core, so that the motor can use the airflow source arranged inside to perform self-drying, Cooling or resisting external bad airflow (such as rain or snow) makes it difficult to enter the motor, thereby prolonging the service life of the permanent magnet poles, preventing the "insulation level reduction" of the internal components of the motor, and reducing the motor's exposure to bad airflow (such as rain or snow) The risk of corrosion and the reliability of the insulation are guaranteed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to the first embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along A-A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the airflow path inside the stator core of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the tapering nozzle arranged in the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is the air flow acquisition path in the stator of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to the first embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the junction part of the stator and the rotor of the generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the stator and rotor joint part of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to the second embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to the second embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the joint part of the stator and the rotor of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to the third embodiment of the utility model.

Explanation of reference numbers:

1-Stator bracket; 2-First air hole; 3-Paddle side panel; 4-Convergent nozzle; 41-Curved section; 42-Inclined section; 43-Vertical section; 5-Second air hole; 6-Paddle Side tooth pressure plate; 7-Punch plate fixed key; 8-Stator core; 9-Air flow channel; 91-Axial channel; 92-Radial channel; 10-Tower side tooth pressure plate; 11-Tower side coaming plate; Source system; 13-main pipe; 14-branch pipe; 15-rotor bracket; 16-rotor sealing ring; 17-winding; 18-magnetic pole; 19-rotor end cover; 20-end cover sealing ring; 21-third air hole; 22 - Tower side seal.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The technical principle of the embodiment of the utility model is to use the airflow channel in the stator core of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator to introduce the internal air source of the unit to the axial end face of the stator core, so that the airflow can be used after the stator and rotor of the fan are combined. A micro-positive pressure environment is constructed in the formed internal space, and the micro-positive airflow is used to resist the external harsh airflow (gas, liquid, solid multiphase flow, including air, water vapor, rain, snow, salt spray, sand dust, flocculent objects, etc.) invasion. The micro-positive pressure mentioned in the embodiment of the utility model means that the pressure of the internal airflow or the environment is greater than that of the external environment, to the extent that the external airflow cannot enter the interior of the motor. Among them, the above-mentioned severe air flow mainly refers to rainwater gas-liquid two-phase flow or wind and snow gas-solid two-phase flow. Salt spray, dust, floc, etc. These bad airflows mainly appear in bad weather conditions such as rain or snow. Therefore, the device of the embodiment of the utility model is mainly designed to resist these bad airflows, and in normal dry weather, the utility model may not be used. According to the device of the embodiment, the dry air flow is allowed to enter the wind-driven generator for drying and cooling the fan.

Embodiment one

As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model. For ease of description, the upper side in Figure 1 can be defined as the paddle side (in the process of fan operation, the paddle side will generally face the upwind side), and the lower side can be defined as the tower side (in the process of fan operation, the tower side will generally face the windward side). facing the leeward side), the horizontal direction is defined as the radial direction (the radial direction centering on the entire wind turbine), and the vertical direction is defined as the axial direction (the direction along the rotation axis of the wind turbine). In addition, the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket refers to the side wall that is in contact with or adjacent to the stator core or the stamping key that fixes the stator core, that is, the outermost part of the stator bracket.

The stator of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator in this embodiment includes a stator support 1, a stator core 8 arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the stator support 1, and a paddle side tooth pressure plate 6, and the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 is arranged on the paddle side shaft of the stator core 8. towards the end face. The stator bracket is cylindrical, so at least one first air hole 2 can be opened on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket 1 , and at least one second air hole 5 can be opened on the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 . The stator may further include at least one airflow channel 9 communicating with the first air hole 2 and the second air hole 5 , and the airflow channel 9 may pass through the inside of the stator core 8 .

Wherein, the first air hole 2 and the second air hole 5 may be circular or triangular or elliptical. In addition, the air holes may also be air guide holes of other shapes, in short, as long as they can conduct air flow. Preferably, the first air holes 2 and the second air holes 5 are circular air holes, and the circular air holes can reduce the resistance to air flow along the flow.

Through this stator structure, the airflow inside the stator can be introduced to the end face of the paddle-side pressure plate 6 of the stator core, so that on the paddle side of the wind-driven generator, the wind-driven generator can use the airflow source provided inside to perform self-drying, cooling or Resist external harsh airflow (such as rain or snow, etc.) so that it is not easy to enter the inside of the motor, thereby prolonging the service life of the permanent magnet poles, preventing the "insulation level reduction" of the internal components of the motor, and reducing the motor's exposure to harsh airflow (such as rain or snow, etc.) The risk of corrosion and the reliability of the insulation are guaranteed.

Furthermore, on the basis of the above stator structure, an annular converging nozzle 4 can be provided on the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 to control the air flow drawn from the inside of the stator, and to realize the drying of the fan or to resist the external air flow.

The optional implementations of the airflow channel, the converging nozzle, the air source system inside the wind turbine and the airflow path involved in the above-mentioned stator structure will be described in detail below.

(1) The airflow channel inside the stator core

The air flow channel 9 inside the stator core 8 is used to introduce the air flow of the air source 12 inside the stator to at least one second air hole 5 opened on the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 . Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, it is a schematic diagram of the air flow channel structure taken along the A-A section in Figure 1, on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket 1, a punching plate fixing key 7 is fixed, and the stator core 8 (the stator core is composed of a multi-lobe core Each core module is composed of iron core laminations) has a dovetail groove, and the dovetail groove is sleeved on the punching plate fixing key 7, thereby fixing the stator core 8 on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket 1. The first air hole 2 can be located on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket 1 in contact with the punching plate fixing key 7 , and the airflow channel 9 can communicate with the first air hole 2 through the air hole of the punching plate fixing key 7 .

As shown in Figure 6, the airflow channel 9 may include a radial airflow channel 92 and an axial airflow channel 91, the radial airflow channel 92 may pass through the inside of the punching plate fixing key 7 and the stator core 8, and one end of the radial airflow channel 92 It is connected with the first air hole 2 , and the other end is connected with the axial air flow channel 91 , and the axial air flow channel 91 can communicate with the second air hole 5 through the inside of the stator core 8 in the axial direction. Wherein, the radial airflow channel 92 and the axial airflow channel 91 can be directly connected, or can be connected after any bending. In a word, as long as the radial airflow channel 92 and the axial airflow channel 91 can be connected.

In addition, the first air holes 2 , the second air holes 5 and the air flow channels 9 may be multiple and equal in number, and arranged equally along the circumference. Wherein, a plurality of first air holes 2 , second air holes 5 , and airflow passages 9 communicate correspondingly to form a plurality of independent airflow passages from the inner wall of the stator bracket 1 to the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 . Preferably, under the inner paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 of the stator core 8 , the radial air flow channel 92 turns 90 degrees inside the stator core 8 to enter the axial air flow channel 91 , and the axial air flow channel 91 is parallel to the axial direction of the motor stator. As shown in Figure 3, it is a schematic diagram of the air flow path inside the stator core of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model, wherein, the radial air flow channel corresponds to the axial air flow channel one by one, and the figure only shows Excluding the axial airflow channel, the utility model embodiment has several airflow channels, preferably, as shown in Figure 3, a total of 48 airflow channels are provided, and their lengths (L ₁ , L ₂ ... L ₄₈ )/ The inner diameters (d ₁ , d ₂ ... d ₄₈ )/absolute roughness (ε ₁ , ε ₂ ... ε ₄₈ ) are preferably the same, and the circumferential spacing is also consistent.

(2) Converging nozzle

The outlet of the tapering nozzle 4 can face the gap between the stator and the rotor. The tapering nozzle 4 can accelerate the airflow and spray it out, forming a slightly positive pressure airflow at the gap between the stator and the rotor to actively resist rain and snow The intrusion of rain or snow "gas-liquid two-phase flow" or "gas-solid two-phase flow" during the weather period. Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, it is a structural schematic diagram of the convergent nozzle of the permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generator in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model; an annular convergent nozzle can be arranged on the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 4 (i.e., arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator as a whole), the second air hole 5 communicates with the annular inlet of the tapering nozzle 4, and can lead the gas in the gas flow channel 9 inside the stator core 8 to the tapering nozzle 4 .

In addition, on the windward side of the wind generator (also referred to as the paddle side, that is, the upper side of FIG. 6 ), the stator may include a paddle side shroud 3, and the rotor may include a rotor sealing ring 16. After the stator and the rotor are combined and installed, The annular outlet of the convergent nozzle 4 may face the annular gap formed by the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor sealing ring 16 . It is used to seal the annular gap formed between the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor sealing ring 16 . Optionally, since the paddle side shroud 3 is in the shape of a ring, the convergent nozzle 4 can be made into an integral ring-shaped nozzle, which is tightly looped at at least one second air hole 5 of the paddle side shroud 3 , so that the convergent nozzle 4 is seamlessly connected with the second air hole 5, so that the gas flowing out of each second air hole 5 is fully converging and the pressure of the gas flow is uniformed, and an equal pressure is formed at the outlet of the convergent nozzle 4 .

In the process of designing the convergent nozzle, the Bernoulli equation (energy equation) of the actual fluid total flow in fluid mechanics is used to analyze the upwind airflow carrying rainwater (or snow) hitting the wind turbine and being blocked, passing through the stator When there is an annular gap between the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor seal ring 16 (shroud), the rainwater gas-liquid two-phase flow or the wind and snow gas-solid two-phase flow (abbreviated as external harsh airflow) is generated before and after the annular gap in the upwind direction of the generator Changes in the pressure and flow velocity, so as to obtain the pressure and flow velocity of the external bad airflow entering the annular gap. Then, the pressure and flow velocity of the outlet airflow of the air pressure sealing jet element—annular tapered nozzle here are calculated by using the equilibrium state of hydrodynamics.

Generally speaking, the pressure and flow velocity of the outlet airflow of the annular convergent nozzle 4 need only be slightly higher than the above-mentioned pressure and flow velocity of the external bad airflow entering the annular gap. More preferably, the pressure and flow velocity of the outlet airflow of the annular convergent nozzle 4 are about 3%-5% higher than the pressure and flow velocity of the external harsh airflow. After having determined the pressure and the flow velocity of the outlet airflow of the annular tapering nozzle 4, because the area of the outlet of the annular tapering nozzle 4 is certain, therefore, the required pressure of the outlet of the tapering nozzle 4 can be obtained. Air flow, according to the principle of continuity of fluid flow, the outlet air flow of the air compressor used to supply the gas source should be equal to the required air flow of the outlet of the tapered nozzle 4, thereby determining the outlet air flow of the air compressor .

In addition, according to the principle of pressure balance, the pressure of the outlet airflow of the air compressor used to supply the air source should be the same as the required pressure of the outlet airflow of the annular tapering nozzle 4 plus the pressure from the air source to the outlet of the nozzle. The sum of the total pressure drop of the link is the same, where the pressure drop includes the along-path resistance and local resistance. As mentioned above, in order to be able to resist the harsh external air flow, the pressure at the outlet of the convergent nozzle 4 needs to be slightly higher than the above-mentioned pressure of the external adverse air flow entering the annular gap. After the pressure at the exit of the convergent nozzle 4 is determined , plus the total pressure drop from the air source to the outlet of the nozzle (this can be obtained through theoretical calculation or measurement according to the structure of the airflow transmission channel and the tapered nozzle), the outlet airflow of the air compressor can be determined pressure.

It can be seen that, through the above theoretical calculation and actual measurement, the pressure and flow rate of the outlet airflow of the air compressor can be determined.

Further, the cross section of the convergent nozzle 4 can be sickle-shaped, and can include a vertical section 43, an inclined section 42, and a curved section 41 connected in sequence, the vertical section 43 communicates with the second air hole 5, and the diameter of the vertical section 43 To the same width and greater than or equal to the radial width of the second air hole 5, the inclined section 42 is inclined towards the center of the stator as a whole, and the curved section 41 is arc-shaped as a whole, and its end forms the outlet of the tapered nozzle 4. From the inclined From segment 42 to the end of curved segment 41, the radial width gradually decreases. The pressure energy of the airflow can be converted into the kinetic energy of the airflow when the airflow flows through the convergent nozzle 4 .

The converging nozzle 4 relies on the sufficient pressure provided by the air source (such as an air compressor) to generate high-speed airflow, and the outlet flow rate and flow rate are controllable to adapt to the change of the blade side wind direction airflow velocity. That is: the pressure of the air pressure seal can be automatically adjusted according to the needs to achieve "adaptive" adjustment, thereby reducing the power consumption of the air compressor as the air source and saving energy.

In this embodiment, by introducing the airflow from the internal air source into the convergent nozzle, the airflow can be accelerated through the convergent nozzle and then sprayed out at the exit hole, because the exit hole of the convergent nozzle is facing the stator and the rotor There is an annular gap between them, so a slight positive pressure barrier is formed between the inside of the motor and the external environment, which can actively resist the intrusion of "gas-liquid two-phase flow" or "gas-solid two-phase flow" during rainy and snowy weather. A large amount of dry air is squeezed out by slight positive pressure, thereby excluding the humid air flow outside the motor, so that the protective coating on the surface of the winding and the surface of the permanent magnet pole meets the dry requirements, reducing the risk of the motor being corroded by moisture caused by rain or snow melting , Improved insulation reliability.

(3) The air source system inside the wind turbine

The air source in the air source system 12 inside the wind turbine (specifically, the air source system 12 can be arranged between the stator brackets or in the nacelle space) can be taken from the air pressure generating device in the nacelle. The air source system 12 can resist the intrusion of wind and rain "gas-liquid two-phase flow" and wind and snow "gas-solid two-phase flow" during rainy and snowy weather periods; Drying the generator stator insulation and rotor pole shielding reduces the energy consumption of the air supply. The airflow channel 9 provided in the stator is connected to the air source system 12 through the first air hole 2 , leading the air source inside the wind turbine into the airflow channel 9 . The air source system 12 may include an air source generating device for generating a predetermined pressure airflow and an air source processing device for purifying and drying the airflow.

The air source generating device can be an air compressor, and the air compressor (or compressor) is an air pressure generating device. It is a machine that increases the pressure of the air or transports the air, and is also a machine that converts the mechanical energy supplied by the prime mover into air pressure energy. Conversion device. During the working process of the air compressor, the air in the compressor cylinder is rapidly compressed, and the process of gas being rapidly compressed is an exothermic process, which will inevitably cause the temperature of the compressor cylinder to rise. Therefore, cooling is generally required. The discharge temperature of the last stage of the multi-stage compressed air compressor can reach 140-170°C. At such a high temperature, there is often a certain amount of gaseous oil and water vapor mixed in the compressed air, so it is necessary to set up a cooler to cool the compressed air so as to Preliminary separation of oil and moisture contained in the compressed air to prevent oil and moisture from entering the stator core flow channel of the wind turbine with the compressed air. Therefore, the air source treatment device may also include an air filter, a cooler, an oil-water separator, and a dryer. Among them, the air filter is used to filter the gas before entering the cylinder of the air compressor (that is, to filter the dust and other impurities contained in the air in the cabin), and to prevent the dust and solid impurities in the air from entering the air compressor, causing air pollution. Friction and wear of relatively moving parts in the compressor cylinder.

In addition, the oil-water separator (air-liquid separator) is used to further separate the oil and moisture contained in the compressed air, so that the compressed air can be initially purified, and used to eliminate the oil and moisture on the motor stator bracket and its core. Contamination and corrosion of runners and generator interiors.

In addition, after the compressed air passes through the cooler and the oil-water separator, it still contains a certain amount of moisture, and the amount depends on the temperature, pressure and relative humidity of the air. What is needed in the motor is dry air, so it is necessary to set up an air drying device, that is, a dryer.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5 , it is the air flow acquisition path in the stator of the permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generator in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model, and the air source system 12 can be connected to the first air hole 2 through the main pipe 13 and the branch pipe 14 , branch pipes 14 having the same number as the first air holes 2 can be drawn from the main pipe 13, and the branch pipes 14 are correspondingly connected to the first air holes 2. The main pipe 13 is preferably circular, and may also be segmented circular, so as to reduce the resistance along the way caused by the flow of the airflow.

(4) Air flow path

As shown in FIG. 6 , it is a structural schematic diagram of the combination part of the stator and the rotor of the generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The small arrows shown in the figure represent the flow path of the airflow. Specifically, the air flow in the engine room is filtered, dried and compressed by the air source system 12 and then sent to the first air hole 2 on the stator bracket 1. The air flow passes through the punching plate fixing key 7 from the first air hole 2 and enters the radial air flow of the stator core 8. Passage 92, the airflow turns into the axial airflow passage 91 along the radial airflow passage 92, then passes through the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 by the axial airflow passage 91, enters the tapering nozzle 4, and is accelerated by the tapering nozzle 4 The outlet of the tapered nozzle 4 sprays out, and blows to the annular gap between the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor sealing ring 16, so as to block the annular rotating gap and prevent rain, snow, gas-solid two-phase flow or rainwater, gas-liquid Intrusion of two-phase flow.

Specifically, during the working process of the fan, the side of the propeller is generally facing the upwind direction, and the incoming flow from the upwind direction hits the stator bracket of the generator, which will rebound and sputter, and then reflect and accumulate after colliding with the rotor sealing ring, causing the airflow pressure to recover When the resistance increases (compared with the incoming flow), these airflows will intrude into the annular air gap between the blade side shroud 3 and the rotor sealing ring 16 . The airflow ejected by the tapered nozzle 4 of the embodiment of the utility model is just used to block the intrusion of the above-mentioned airflow. After the airflow ejected by the tapering nozzle 4 blocks the intruding airflow from the outside, a part will be ejected from the annular air gap between the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor seal ring 16 (this depends on the pressure of the airflow). , or not ejected, as long as it can play a blocking role), another part or all of the airflow will hit the rotor seal ring 16, and the rebounded airflow after the impact enters the air gap between the stator and the rotor, and gathers in the stator along the axial direction At the end of the nacelle side (that is, between the tower side tooth pressure plate 10 and the rotor end cover 19), it is finally discharged into the atmospheric environment through the annular gap between the end cover sealing ring 20 and the tower side coaming plate 11, and these rebound inside the motor Part of the airflow can also dry the windings 17 and poles 18. The structure example of the stator of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator of this embodiment has been introduced above. On this basis, the first embodiment also provides a permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator, which includes a rotor and a stator as provided in this embodiment. In addition, this embodiment 1 also provides a permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator system, which includes the above wind power generator and the air source system 12 arranged inside the wind turbine, the air source system 12 can be connected to the first air hole 2 . Wherein, as an optional embodiment, the air source system 12 and the components associated with the air source system 12 are also described above, and will not be repeated here.

Embodiment two

The specific structure of the stator and permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator involved in this embodiment is shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, and Figure 7 is the combination part of the stator and rotor of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to the second embodiment of the utility model Schematic diagram of the structure, Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to the second embodiment of the utility model. For ease of description, the right side in the figure can be defined as the paddle side, the left side can be defined as the tower side, the vertical direction can be defined as the radial direction (the radial direction centered on the entire fan), and the horizontal direction can be defined as the axial direction ( along the direction of the wind turbine's axis of rotation). The small arrows shown in the figure represent the flow path of the airflow. The following will focus on the differences from the first embodiment, and the structure of the parts not mentioned can refer to the description of the first embodiment.

The stator of this embodiment includes a stator bracket 1, a stator core 8 arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket 1, a paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 and a tower side tooth pressure plate 10, and the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 is arranged on the paddle side axial end surface of the stator core 8 Above, the tower-side tooth pressure plate 10 is arranged on the tower-side axial end face of the stator core 8 . At least one first air hole 2 is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket 1 , at least one second air hole 5 is opened on the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 , and at least one third air hole 21 is opened on the tower side tooth pressure plate 10 . The stator also includes at least one airflow passage 9 connecting the first air hole 2 with the second air hole 5 and the third air hole 21 , and the airflow passage 9 passes through the interior of the stator core.

Wherein, the third air hole 21 is similar to the first air hole 2 and the second air hole 5, and may be circular, triangular, or elliptical. In addition, the air holes of the third air hole 21 can also be air guide holes of other shapes. process resistance.

Through this stator structure, the airflow inside the stator can be introduced to the end faces of the paddle-side tooth pressure plate 6 and the tower-side tooth pressure plate 10 of the stator core, so that the wind power generator can be used on both the blade side and the tower side of the wind power generator. The internal air source is used to dry and cool itself or to resist the external bad air flow so that it is not easy to enter the motor, thereby prolonging the service life of the permanent magnet poles, preventing the "insulation level reduction" of the internal components of the motor, and reducing the motor's exposure to bad air flow (such as rain or snow, etc.) risk of erosion and the reliability of the insulation can be guaranteed.

Further, on the basis of the above-mentioned stator structure, an annular tapering nozzle 4 can be set on the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 and the tower side tooth pressure plate 10, so as to control the air flow drawn from the inside of the stator, and be used to realize the drying and drying of the fan. Cooling or used to resist external bad air flow.

The following will introduce in detail the optional implementations of the airflow channel in the stator structure, the converging nozzle, the air source system inside the wind turbine, and the airflow path in the fan.

(1) The airflow channel inside the stator core

The airflow channel 9 inside the stator core 8 is used to introduce the air source inside the stator to at least one second air hole 5 opened on the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 and at least one third air hole 21 opened on the tower side tooth pressure plate 10 . Also referring to FIG. 2 , on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket 1, a punching fixing key 7 is fixed, and the stator core 8 has a dovetail groove, and the dovetail groove is sleeved on the punching fixing key 7, thereby fixing the stator core 8 on the stator On the outer peripheral wall of the bracket 1. The first air hole 2 can be positioned on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket 1 that is in contact with the punching plate fixing key 7, and the punching plate fixing key 7 can be provided with air holes, and the air flow channel 9 can pass through the air hole of the punching plate fixing key 7 and the first air hole. 2 China Unicom.

As shown in FIG. 7 , as in Embodiment 1, the airflow passage 9 may include a radial airflow passage 92 and an axial airflow passage 91 , and the radial airflow passage 92 may pass through the interior of the punching plate fixing key 7 and the stator core 8 , One end of the radial airflow passage 92 is connected to the first air hole 2, and the other end is connected to the axial airflow passage 91. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the axial airflow passage 91 can pass through the interior of the stator core 8 in the axial direction. The second air hole 5 communicates with the third air hole 21 .

In addition, the first air holes 2, the second air holes 5, the third air holes 21, and the airflow passages 9 may be multiple and equal in number, and arranged equally along the circumference, wherein the plurality of first air holes 2, the second air holes 5, the third air holes The air holes 21 and the airflow passages 9 communicate correspondingly, forming a plurality of independent airflow passages 9 from the inner wall of the stator bracket 1 to the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 and the tower side tooth pressure plate 10 .

(2) Converging nozzle

The present embodiment also can be provided with the converging nozzle 4 of structure identical with embodiment one, only, the converging nozzle 4 of embodiment one is arranged on the side of motor, and in the present embodiment, converging nozzle 4 Set on both sides of the motor. Specifically, in this embodiment, ring-shaped tapering nozzles 4 are respectively provided on the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 and the tower side tooth pressure plate 10, and the second air hole 5 and the third air hole 21 are respectively connected to the corresponding side of the tapered nozzle. The annular inlet of the pipe is connected, that is, the second air hole 5 on the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 is connected with the inlet of the paddle side tapering nozzle 4, and the third air hole 21 on the tower side tooth pressure plate 10 is connected with the inlet of the tower side tapering nozzle 4. The annular inlet communicates, so that the gas in the gas flow channel 9 inside the stator core 8 can be introduced into the converging nozzle 4 .

As shown in Figure 7, on the windward side of the motor (also referred to as the paddle side, i.e. the right side of Figure 7), the stator can include a paddle side shroud 3, and the rotor can include a rotor seal ring 16, when the stator and rotor are combined After installation, the outlet of the convergent nozzle 4 arranged on the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 can face the gap formed by the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor sealing ring 16 . It is used to seal the annular gap formed between the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor sealing ring 16 . Wherein, the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor sealing ring 16 are both ring-shaped. Correspondingly, on the downwind side of the motor (also referred to as the tower side, that is, the left side of FIG. 7 ), the stator may further include a tower side shroud 11, and the rotor may include a rotor seal ring 16 and an end cover seal ring 20. After the stator and rotor are combined and installed, the outlet of the tapered nozzle 4 arranged on the tower side tooth pressure plate 10 faces the gap formed by the tower side coaming plate 11 and the end cover sealing ring 20, and is used to block the tower side coaming plate 11 and the annular gap formed between the sealing ring 20 of the end cover. Optionally, since the paddle side coaming 3 and the tower side tooth pressure plate 10 are both ring-shaped, the converging nozzle 4 can be made into an integrated circular ring-shaped nozzle, which is tightly buckled on the paddle side coaming 3 and the At least one of the second air hole 5 and the third air hole 21 on the toothed pressure plate 10 on the tower side, so that the convergent nozzle 4 is seamlessly connected with the second air hole 5, so that the gases flowing out of each second air hole 5 are fully converging and the gas flow The pressure is uniformized, and an equal pressure is formed at the outlet of the convergent nozzle 4.

Like the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the radial section of the convergent nozzle 4 may be sickle-shaped, and may include a vertical section 43 , an inclined section 42 and a curved section 41 connected in sequence. Wherein, the vertical section 43 of the tapering nozzle 4 arranged on the paddle side tooth pressure plate 6 and the tower side tooth pressure plate 10 communicates with the second air hole 5 and the third air hole 21 respectively, that is, the diameter of the tapering nozzle 4 on the paddle side The vertical section 43 communicates with the second air hole 5 , and the vertical section 43 of the tapering nozzle 4 on the side of the tower communicates with the third air hole 21 . The radial width of the vertical section 43 is consistent and greater than or equal to the radial width of the second air hole 5 and the third air hole 21 . The inclined section 42 is inclined toward the center of the stator as a whole. The curved section 41 is generally arc-shaped, and its end forms the outlet of the tapered nozzle. From the inclined section 42 to the end of the curved section 41, the radial width gradually decreases.

(3) The air source system inside the wind turbine

The structure and related components of the air source system 12 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

(4) Air flow path

As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, the small arrows shown in the figure represent the circulation path of the air flow, the air flow in the cabin is sent to the first air hole 2 on the stator bracket 1 after being filtered, dried and compressed by the air source system 12, and the air flow is formed by The first air hole 2 enters the radial airflow passage 92 of the stator core 8 through the punching plate fixing key 7, and the airflow turns along the radial airflow passage 92 into the axial airflow passage 91, and then passes through the paddle side tooth pressure plate through the axial airflow passage 91 6 and the tooth pressure plate 10 on the tower side, enter the tapering nozzle 4 on both sides, and after being accelerated by the tapering nozzle 4, it is sprayed out from the outlet of the tapering nozzle 4, and blows to the paddle side coaming 3 and the rotor sealing ring respectively. 16 and the annular gap between the tower side coaming plate 11 and the end cover sealing ring 20, so as to block the annular gap between the stator and the rotor from both sides of the wind turbine to prevent rain and snow Intrusion of gas-solid two-phase flow or rainwater gas-liquid two-phase flow.

The airflow path formed by the above-mentioned embodiment one is used to block the external harsh airflow (airflow intruding from the paddle side) from the annular air gap between the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor seal ring 16, and the present embodiment The airflow path formed by the structure can also block the external harsh airflow (airflow intruding from the tower side) from the annular gap between the cover sealing ring 20 and the tower side coaming plate 11. That is to say, in the embodiment of the present invention, annular tapering nozzles 4 are provided on both the paddle side and the tower side, so that the external bad airflow can be blocked on both sides.

Under normal circumstances, during the working process of the fan, the propeller side is generally facing the upwind direction, and the external airflow on the upwind side of the fan is relatively strong. When the incoming flow from the upwind direction hits the stator bracket of the generator, it will rebound and sputter, and then seal with the rotor. After the ring hits, it reflects and accumulates, causing the airflow pressure to recover (compared to the incoming flow), and these airflows will intrude into the annular air gap between the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor sealing ring 16 .

After the airflow ejected by the tapering nozzle 4 blocks the external intrusion airflow from the paddle side, a part will be ejected from the annular air gap between the paddle side coaming plate 3 and the rotor sealing ring 16 (this depends on the airflow). The size of the pressure, or not ejected, as long as it can play a blocking role), another part or all of the air flow will hit the rotor seal ring 16, and the rebound air flow after the impact enters the air gap between the stator and rotor, and finally passes through the end The annular gap between the cover sealing ring 20 and the tower side shroud 11 is exhausted into the atmosphere, and this part of the airflow rebounded inside the motor can also dry the drying winding 17 and the magnetic pole 18 .

In this case, since the external airflow on the tower side is weaker than the external airflow on the paddle side, the airflow ejected from the tapered nozzle 4 arranged on the tower side can be directly sealed from the tower side coaming plate 11 and the end cover. It is sprayed from the annular gap between the rings 20.

On the other hand, in view of the complex environment of the wind field and the changeable wind direction, and when the wind turbine is in a shutdown state, the wind direction faced by the blade side and the tower side will also change. In many cases, there will also be strong external airflow intruding from the side of the tower. In this case, the converging nozzle 4 arranged on the side of the tower is required to block the bad air flow from the outside.

In this case, the ambient air flow is stronger on the tower side and weaker on the paddle side. After the airflow ejected by the tapered nozzle 4 is blocked from the intrusion airflow from the side of the tower, a part of it will be ejected from the annular air gap between the tower side coaming plate 11 and the end cover sealing ring 20 (this depends on the airflow The size of the pressure, or not ejected, as long as it can play a blocking role), another part or all of the air flow will hit the end cover sealing ring 20, and the rebound air flow after the impact enters the air gap between the stator and rotor, and finally The part of the airflow that bounces inside the motor can also dry the winding 17 and the magnetic pole 18 through the annular air gap between the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor sealing ring 16 .

In this embodiment, since the converging nozzle 4 is also set on the tower side, compared with Embodiment 1, the external airflow from the paddle side and the tower side can be blocked, thereby better ensuring The inside of the fan is not disturbed by the outside airflow.

In addition, the first embodiment also provides a permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator, which may include a rotor and a stator as provided in this embodiment, and the specific structure is shown in FIG. 8 .

In addition, this embodiment 1 also provides a permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generator system, which may include the above-mentioned wind power generator and an air source system 12 arranged inside the wind turbine, and the air source system 12 may be connected to the first air hole 2 . Wherein, as an optional embodiment, the air source system 12 and the components associated with the air source system 12 are also described above, and will not be repeated here.

Embodiment Three

The specific structure of the stator and permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator involved in this embodiment is shown in Figure 9, which is a structural schematic diagram of the stator and rotor joint part of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator according to the third embodiment of the utility model. For ease of description, the right side in the figure can be defined as the propeller side (in the process of fan operation, the propeller side will generally face the upwind side), and the left side can be defined as the tower side (in the process of fan operation, the propeller side generally faces the windward side). face to the leeward side), the vertical direction is defined as the radial direction (the radial direction centering on the entire wind turbine), and the horizontal direction is defined as the axial direction (the direction along the rotation axis of the wind turbine). The small arrows shown in the figure represent the flow path of the airflow. The following will focus on the differences from the first and second embodiments, and the structure of the parts not mentioned can refer to the description of the first embodiment.

The stator of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator in this embodiment includes a stator support 1, a stator core 8 arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the stator support 1, and a tower side tooth pressure plate 10, and the tower side tooth pressure plate 10 is arranged on the tower side axis of the stator core 8 towards the end face. At least one first air hole 2 may be opened on the outer peripheral wall of the stator bracket 1 , and at least one third air hole 21 may be opened on the tower-side gear plate 10 . The stator may further include at least one airflow channel 9 communicating with the first air hole 2 and the third air hole 21 , and the airflow channel 9 may pass through the inside of the stator core 8 .

Through this stator structure, the airflow in the middle of the stator can be introduced to the end face of the stator core's tooth pressure plate 10 on the tower side, so that on the tower side of the wind turbine, the wind turbine can use the airflow source installed inside to dry itself or resist the outside world. Harsh airflow makes it difficult for it to enter the interior of the motor, thereby prolonging the service life of the permanent magnet poles, preventing the "insulation level reduction" of the internal components of the motor, reducing the risk of the motor being corroded by harsh airflow (such as rain or snow, etc.) and improving insulation reliability. ensure.

In addition, the difference from Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is that this embodiment does not set a converging nozzle on the stator.

In addition, this embodiment also provides a permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator, which may include a rotor and a stator as provided in this embodiment. Wherein, the stator can include a tower side coaming plate 11, the rotor can include an end cover sealing ring 20, and a tower side sealing member 22 can be arranged between the tower side coaming plate 11 and the end cover sealing ring 20, and the tower side sealing member 22 can be fixed On one side of the tower side coaming plate 11 or the end cover sealing ring 20 , the gap between the tower side coaming plate 11 and the end cover sealing ring 20 is sealed in a dynamic sealing manner.

The difference from the above two embodiments is that this embodiment does not use the tapered nozzle to build a slightly positive pressure environment, but relies entirely on the airflow inside the fan to build a slightly positive pressure environment to resist the impact of the external airflow. invasion.

In addition, this embodiment also provides a permanent magnet direct drive wind power generator system, which may include the above wind power generator and an air source system 12 arranged inside the wind turbine, and the air source system 12 may be connected to the first air hole 2 . Wherein, the structure and arrangement of the air source system 12 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Optional implementations of the airflow channel in the above-mentioned stator structure, the air source system provided inside the wind turbine, and the airflow path inside the fan will be described in detail below.

(1) The airflow channel inside the stator core

As shown in FIG. 9 , like the first embodiment, the airflow channel 9 may include a radial airflow channel 92 and an axial airflow channel 91 , and the radial airflow channel 92 may pass through the interior of the punching plate fixing key 7 and the stator core 8 , One end of the radial airflow channel 92 is connected to the first air hole 2 , and the other end is connected to the axial airflow channel 91 . The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the axial air flow channel 91 can pass through the interior of the stator core 8 in the axial direction and communicate with the third air hole 21 .

In addition, the first air hole 2, the third air hole 21, and the airflow channel 9 may be multiple and equal in number, and are evenly arranged along the circumference, wherein the plurality of first air holes 2, third air holes 21, and airflow channels 9 communicate correspondingly, forming A plurality of independent air flow passages 9 from the inner wall of the stator support 1 to the tooth pressure plate 10 on the tower side.

(2) The air source system inside the wind turbine

The structure and related components of the air source system 12 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

(3) Air flow path

The slightly positive pressure environment in this embodiment is not realized by means of the convergent nozzle, but by the blockage of the gas flow by the seal 22 on the side of the tower.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the small arrows shown in the figure represent the flow path of the airflow. Specifically, the air flow in the engine room is filtered, dried and compressed by the air source system 12 and then sent to the first air hole 2 on the stator bracket 1. The air flow passes through the punching plate fixing key 7 from the first air hole 2 and enters the radial air flow of the stator core 8. Passage 92, the airflow turns into the axial airflow passage 91 along the radial airflow passage 92, after the airflow in the cabin reaches the axial passage 91, due to the sealing of the paddle side, the airflow flows out from the third air hole 21, and flows to the downwind end of the generator Since the tower side seal 22 is set between the tower side coaming plate 11 and the end cover seal ring 20, the airflow is blocked, and most of the airflow enters the ring formed by the stator bracket 1 and the rotor bracket 15. In the air gap, in the annular air gap, the air flow passes through the tower side winding 17, the magnetic pole 18, and reaches the end of the paddle side winding, and finally gathers and squeezes out the annular gap between the paddle side shroud 3 and the rotor sealing ring 16 and discharges it into the atmospheric environment.

The advantage of this solution is: since the dry air flow needs to pass through the annular air gap formed by the stator support 1 and the rotor support 15, it can dry the winding 17 and the magnetic pole 18 on the tower side and the paddle side, and at the same time, it can be dried on the windward side. A slightly positive pressure airflow is formed to prevent external airflow from entering the motor.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of protection of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (25)

1. a stator for permanent magnet direct-driving aerogenerator, is characterized in that, comprise stator support, be arranged on the stator core of the periphery wall of stator support and oar side tooth support, described oar side tooth support is arranged on the oar side axial end of described stator core,

The periphery wall of described stator support has at least one first pore, described oar side tooth support offers at least one second pore,

Described stator also includes at least one gas channel of the first pore described in UNICOM and described second pore, and described gas channel is through the inside of described stator core.

2. stator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the periphery wall of described stator support is fixed with punching retainingf key, and the dovetail groove of described stator core is set on described punching retainingf key, and described gas channel is through described punching retainingf key and described first pore UNICOM.

3. stator according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described gas channel comprises radial air flow passage and axial flow passage, described radial air flow passage passes the inside of described punching retainingf key and described stator core, one end of described radial air flow passage is connected with described first pore, the other end and described axial flow expanding channels, described axial flow passage passes axially through the inside of described stator core and described second pore UNICOM.

4. stator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described first pore, described second pore and described gas channel is multiple and quantity is equal, circumferentially impartial setting, the corresponding UNICOM of multiple described first pore, described second pore and described gas channel, forms many current paths independently from the periphery wall of described stator support to described oar side tooth support.

5. 1 to 4 arbitrary described stator as requested, is characterized in that, described oar side tooth support is provided with the convergent jet pipe of annular, the annular entry UNICOM of described second pore and described convergent jet pipe.

6. stator according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described stator comprises oar gusset plate, the rotor mated with described stator comprises rotary piston sealing ring, after described stator and rotor combination being installed, the ring exit of described convergent jet pipe faces toward the annulus of described oar gusset plate and the formation of described rotary piston sealing ring.

7. stator according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the section of described convergent jet pipe is sickleshaped, comprise the vertical section of UNICOM successively, tilting section and bending section, described vertical section and described second pore UNICOM, the radial width of described vertical section is consistent and be more than or equal to the radial width of described second pore, described tilting section tilts to stator center direction on the whole, described bending section is on the whole in arc-shaped, its end forms the outlet of described convergent jet pipe, from described tilting section to the end of described bending section, described radial width reduces gradually.

8. the stator of a permanent magnet direct-driving aerogenerator, it is characterized in that, comprise stator support, be arranged on the stator core of the periphery wall of stator support, oar side tooth support and tower side tooth support, described oar side tooth support is arranged on the oar side axial end of described stator core, described tower side tooth support is arranged on the tower side axial end of described stator core

The periphery wall of described stator support has at least one first pore, described oar side tooth support offers at least one second pore, described tower side tooth support offers at least one the 3rd pore,

Described stator also comprises at least one gas channel by described first pore and described second pore and described 3rd pore UNICOM, and described gas channel is through the inside of described stator core.

9. stator according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, the periphery wall of described stator support is fixed with punching retainingf key, and the dovetail groove of described stator core is set on described punching retainingf key, and described gas channel is through described punching retainingf key and described first pore UNICOM.

10. stator according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described gas channel comprises radial air flow passage and axial flow passage, described radial air flow passage passes the inside of described punching retainingf key and described stator core, one end of described radial air flow passage is connected with described first pore, the other end and described axial flow expanding channels, described axial flow passage passes axially through the inside of described stator core and described second pore and described 3rd pore UNICOM.

11. stators according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described first pore, described second pore, described 3rd pore and described gas channel is multiple and quantity is equal, circumferentially impartial setting, the corresponding UNICOM of multiple described first pore, described second pore, described 3rd pore and described gas channel, forms many independently from the periphery wall of described stator support to the current path of described oar side tooth support and described tower side tooth support.

12. 8 to 11 arbitrary described stators, is characterized in that, described oar side tooth support and described tower side tooth support are respectively arranged with the convergent jet pipe of annular, the annular entry UNICOM of described second pore and described 3rd pore and described convergent jet pipe as requested.

13. stators according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, described stator comprises oar gusset plate and tower gusset plate, rotor comprises rotary piston sealing ring and end cap seal ring, after described stator and rotor combination are installed, the gap that the ring exit being arranged on the convergent jet pipe on the tooth support of described oar side is formed facing to oar gusset plate and rotary piston sealing ring, the annulus that the ring exit being arranged on the convergent jet pipe on the tooth support of described tower side is formed facing to described tower gusset plate and described end cap seal ring.

14. stators according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, the section of described convergent jet pipe is sickleshaped, comprise the vertical section of UNICOM successively, tilting section and bending section, the described vertical section being arranged on described convergent jet pipe on described oar side tooth support and described tower side tooth support respectively with described second pore and described 3rd pore UNICOM, the radial width of described vertical section is consistent and be more than or equal to the radial width of described second pore and described 3rd pore, described tilting section tilts to stator center direction on the whole, described bending section is on the whole in arc-shaped, its end forms the outlet of described convergent jet pipe, from described tilting section to the end of described bending section, described radial width reduces gradually.

15. 1 kinds of permanent magnet direct-driving aerogenerators, is characterized in that, comprise rotor and as arbitrary in claim 1 to 14 as described in stator.

The stator of 16. 1 kinds of permanent magnet direct-driving aerogenerators, is characterized in that, comprise stator support, be arranged on the stator core of the periphery wall of stator support and tower side tooth support, described tower side tooth support is arranged on the tower side axial end of described stator core,

The periphery wall of described stator support has at least one first pore, described tower side tooth support offers at least one the 3rd pore,

Described stator also includes at least one gas channel of the first pore described in UNICOM and described 3rd pore, and described gas channel is through the inside of described stator core.

17. stators according to claim 16, it is characterized in that, the periphery wall of described stator support is fixed with punching retainingf key, and the dovetail groove of described stator core is set on described punching retainingf key, and described gas channel is through described punching retainingf key and described first pore UNICOM.

18. stators according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, described gas channel comprises radial air flow passage and axial flow passage, described radial air flow passage passes the inside of described punching retainingf key and described stator core, one end of described radial air flow passage is connected with described first pore, the other end and described axial flow expanding channels, described axial flow passage passes axially through the inside of described stator core and described 3rd pore UNICOM.

19. stators according to claim 18, it is characterized in that, described first pore, described 3rd pore and described gas channel is multiple and quantity is equal, circumferentially impartial setting, the corresponding UNICOM of multiple described first pore, described 3rd pore and described gas channel, forms many current paths independently from the periphery wall of described stator support to described tower side tooth support.

20. 1 kinds of permanent magnet direct-driving aerogenerators, is characterized in that, comprise rotor and as arbitrary in claim 16 to 19 as described in stator.

21. wind-driven generators according to claim 20, it is characterized in that, described stator comprises tower gusset plate, described rotor comprises end cap seal ring, tower side seal parts are provided with between described tower gusset plate and described end cap seal ring, described tower side seal parts are fixed on a side of described tower gusset plate or described end cap seal ring, with the annulus between the mode seal tower gusset plate of movable sealing and described end cap seal ring.

22. 1 kinds of permanent magnet direct-driving aerogenerator systems, is characterized in that, comprise the wind-driven generator as described in claim 15,20 or 21 and be arranged on the air supply system of Wind turbines inside, described air supply system is connected with described first pore.

23. wind powered generator systems according to claim 22, is characterized in that, described air supply system comprises the gas source generator of the air-flow producing predetermined pressure and described air-flow carried out to the air supply processing equipment of gas source purification and dry process.

24. wind powered generator systems according to claim 23, is characterized in that, described gas source generator is air compressor, and described air supply processing equipment comprises air cleaner, cooler, oil water separator and drier.

25. wind powered generator systems according to claim 24, it is characterized in that, described air supply system is connected with described first pore with arm by female pipe, and draw the arm identical with described first pore quantity from described mother's pipe, described arm correspondence is connected on described first pore.