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CN1981165A - Freezer and air conditioner - Google Patents

Freezer and air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1981165A
CN1981165A CNA2005800223441A CN200580022344A CN1981165A CN 1981165 A CN1981165 A CN 1981165A CN A2005800223441 A CNA2005800223441 A CN A2005800223441A CN 200580022344 A CN200580022344 A CN 200580022344A CN 1981165 A CN1981165 A CN 1981165A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat source
refrigerant
source side
heat exchanger
cold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA2005800223441A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
本田雅裕
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daikin Industries Ltd
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Application filed by Daikin Industries Ltd filed Critical Daikin Industries Ltd
Publication of CN1981165A publication Critical patent/CN1981165A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
    • F25B2341/0016—Ejectors for creating an oil recirculation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

A freezer and an air conditioner that have a refrigerant circuit with an evaporator constructed such that a refrigerant enters from the lower side and exits from the upper side, in which the width of control when evaporation ability of the evaporator is controlled by an expansion valve is increased. An air conditioner (1) has a refrigerant circuit (12) and a first oil return circuit (101). The refrigerant circuit (12) is constructed by connecting utilization side refrigerant circuits (12a, 12b, 12c) to a heat source side refrigerant circuit (12d). The heat source side refrigerant circuit (12d) is constructed by connecting a compression mechanism (21), a heat source side heat exchanger (23) formed such that, when it functions as an evaporator, the refrigerant enters from the lower side and exits from the upper side, and a heat source side expansion valve (24). A freezing machine oil and refrigerant combined so as not to separate into two layers in temperatures of 30 DEG C or below are used. The first oil return circuit (101) is connected to the lower section of the heat source side heat exchanger (23) and returns a freezing machine oil received in the heat exchanger (23) to the compression mechanism (21) together with the refrigerant.

Description

Refrigerating plant and aircondition
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigerating plant and aircondition, relate in particular to and have refrigerant loop and this refrigerant loop comprises refrigerating plant and the aircondition that makes the evaporimeter that cold-producing medium flows out from following side inflow from upside.
Background technology
A kind of refrigerating plant was arranged in the past, have the refrigerant loop of steam compression type, the evaporimeter that this refrigerant loop has as cold-producing medium makes the heat exchanger (for example with reference to patent documentation 1) of cold-producing medium from following side inflow from the upside outflow.In this refrigerating plant, be stranded in the evaporimeter for preventing refrigerator oil, be separated under two layers of state that floats on the cold-producing medium liquid level refrigerator oil that will be detained less than cold-producing medium from emitting and turn back to the suction side of compressor near the liquid level of cold-producing medium at proportion.
In addition, example as the refrigerating plant of refrigerant loop with steam compression type, a kind of aircondition with refrigerant loop of steam compression type is arranged, and the refrigerant loop of its steam compression type has: the heat source side refrigerant loop that comprises a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers; And a plurality of side refrigerant loops (for example with reference to patent documentation 2) that utilize that are connected with the heat source side refrigerant loop.In this aircondition, be provided with the heat source side expansion valve, to regulate the flow of the cold-producing medium that flows into each heat source side heat exchanger.And, in this aircondition, for example, carry out following control heating the occasion that makes the heat source side heat exchanger play evaporator function when when running or cooling and warming turn round simultaneously, that is: diminish corresponding with a plurality of air conditioner loads of side refrigerant loop integral body that utilize, reduce the control of evaporability by the aperture that reduces the heat source side expansion valve, in addition, become very little occasion at a plurality of air conditioner loads of side refrigerant loop integral body that utilize, reduce evaporability by closing the platform number that a part in a plurality of heat source side expansion valves reduces the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function, or play the function of condenser, thereby offset with the evaporability of the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function and reduce evaporability by a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers.
In above-mentioned aircondition, for example when cooling operation or the cooling and warming occasion that makes the heat source side heat exchanger play condenser function when turning round simultaneously carry out following control, that is: diminish corresponding with a plurality of air conditioner loads of side refrigerant loop integral body that utilize, aperture by the heat source side expansion valve that reduces to be connected with the heat source side heat exchanger, and increase the amount be trapped in the liquid refrigerant in the heat source side heat exchanger, and reduce substantial heat transfer area and reduce the control of condensation ability.But, in case reduce the control of the aperture of heat source side expansion valve, just following problem is arranged: the refrigerant pressure of the downstream of heat source side expansion valve (specifically heat source side expansion valve and utilize between the side refrigerant loop) has the tendency of decline and can not make it stable, and can not stably reduce the control of the condensation ability of heat source side refrigerant loop.To this, following control technology has been proposed: gas refrigerant by the high pressure after the compressor compresses is reduced pressure and make itself and the hydraulic circuit that adds that is sent to the cold-producing medium interflow that utilizes the side refrigerant loop by setting, thereby improve the refrigerant pressure (for example with reference to patent documentation 3) in the downstream of heat source side expansion valve in the heat source side expansion valve.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese kokai publication sho 63-204074 communique
Patent documentation 2: Japanese kokai publication hei 3-260561 communique
Patent documentation 3: Japanese kokai publication hei 3-129259 communique
In above-mentioned aircondition, in the occasion that plays the refrigerant evaporator function, the heat exchanger of the heat-exchangers of the plate type that cold-producing medium is flowed out from upside from following side inflow etc. is used as the heat source side heat exchanger sometimes.In this occasion, accumulate in the heat source side heat exchanger in order to prevent refrigerator oil, the liquid level of the cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger must be maintained certain above height.But, utilize occasion that the air conditioner load in the side refrigerant loop becomes very little etc. as a plurality of, make the heat source side heat exchanger play the occasion of the little evaporator function of evaporability, even reduce the aperture of heat source side expansion valve the refrigerant amount that flows through in the heat source side heat exchanger is reduced, also can not the aperture of heat source side expansion valve is too little because of the restriction that is subjected to the cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger, therefore, only regulate the aperture of heat source side expansion valve and can not fully control evaporability, the result, must carry out following control, that is: the part of a plurality of heat source side expansion valves is closed and the platform number that reduces the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function reduces evaporability, or play the function of condenser, thereby offset with the evaporability of the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function and reduce evaporability by a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers.
Therefore, following problem is arranged: a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers are set rise with regard to corresponding increase part number and cost, in addition, play condenser function in a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers and reduce the occasion of evaporability, in compressor compressed refrigerant amount with regard to corresponding increase by condensed refrigerant amount in the heat source side heat exchanger, a plurality of COP variation of air conditioner load under less operating condition of utilizing side refrigerant loop integral body.
In above-mentioned aircondition, add hydraulic circuit by in refrigerant loop, being provided with, when making the heat source side heat exchanger play the occasion of the condenser function of cold-producing medium, if the gas refrigerant that is depressurized and is sent to the cold-producing medium that utilizes the side refrigerant loop and the high pressure of compressed machine compression in the heat source side expansion valve is collaborated, then be sent to the cold-producing medium that utilizes the side refrigerant loop and just become the gas-liquid two-phase flow body from the heat source side expansion valve, and, the aperture of heat source side expansion valve is more little, the gas part ratio of the cold-producing medium behind the gas refrigerant interflow that adds hydraulic circuit and high pressure is just big, just produce bias current a plurality of the utilization between the side refrigerant loop, as a result, generation can not regulate the aperture of heat source side expansion valve fully little problem.Its result, the occasion of evaporator function that plays cold-producing medium with the heat source side heat exchanger is identical, when a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers are set in the heat source side refrigerant loop, a plurality of air conditioner loads that utilize side refrigerant loop integral body become very hour, a plurality of heat source side expansion valves must cut out, the platform number that reduces the heat source side heat exchanger that plays condenser function reduces the condensation ability, or play the function of evaporimeter, thereby carry out offsetting and reduce the control of condensation ability with the condensation ability of the heat source side heat exchanger that plays condenser function by a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers.
Therefore, following problem is arranged: a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers are set rise with regard to corresponding increase part number and cost, in addition, play evaporator function in a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers and reduce the occasion of condensation ability, in compressor compressed refrigerant amount with regard to corresponding increase by the refrigerant amount that evaporates in the heat source side heat exchanger, a plurality of COP variation of air conditioner load under less operating condition of utilizing side refrigerant loop integral body.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of refrigerating plant and aircondition are provided, it comprises the refrigerant loop with evaporimeter that cold-producing medium flows out from following side inflow and from upside, can enlarge the control range when utilizing expansion valve that the evaporability of evaporimeter is controlled.
The refrigerating plant of the 1st invention has refrigerant loop and oil return loop.Refrigerant loop is with compressing mechanism, condenser, expansion valve, cold-producing medium is formed by connecting from the evaporimeter that descends side inflow and flow out from upside, uses the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium of the cooperation that is not separated into two layers in the temperature range below 30 ℃.The oil return loop is connected with the bottom of evaporimeter, and the refrigerator oil that is stranded in the evaporimeter is turned back to compressing mechanism with cold-producing medium.
In this refrigerating plant, comprise refrigerant loop with evaporimeter that cold-producing medium flows out from following side inflow and from upside, as refrigerator oil that is used for this refrigerant loop and cold-producing medium, use the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium of the cooperation that in the temperature range below 30 ℃, is not separated into two layers.Here, as thermal source, with water or air or the salt solution occasion as thermal source, the evaporating temperature of the cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter is the temperature below 30 ℃.Therefore, in this refrigerating plant, refrigerator oil is not detained with the state that floats on the cold-producing medium liquid level in the evaporimeter, and is trapped in the evaporimeter with the state with refrigerant mixed.And the refrigerator oil that is stranded in the evaporimeter turns back to compressing mechanism by the oil return loop that connects with the evaporimeter bottom with cold-producing medium.Therefore, needn't be as refrigerating plant in the past the liquid level of the cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger being maintained certain above height accumulates in the evaporimeter to prevent refrigerator oil.
Thus, in this refrigerating plant, by reduce the aperture of expansion valve according to freezing load, thereby reduce the control of the evaporability of evaporimeter, its result, even the liquid level of the cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter descends, refrigerator oil can not accumulate in the evaporimeter yet, can enlarge the control range when utilizing expansion valve that the evaporability of evaporimeter is controlled.
The refrigerating plant of the 2nd invention is that the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium that are used for refrigerant loop are refrigerator oil and the cold-producing mediums that is not separated into two layers cooperation in the temperature range below-5 ℃ in the refrigerating plant of the 1st invention.
In this refrigerating plant,, use the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium of the mixing that in the temperature range below-5 ℃, is not separated into two layers as the cooperation of refrigerator oil and cold-producing medium.Therefore, in this refrigerating plant, even the evaporating temperature of the cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter is lower occasion, refrigerator oil is not detained with the state that floats on the cold-producing medium liquid level in the evaporimeter yet, and be trapped in the evaporimeter with the state with refrigerant mixed, even this occasion can prevent that also refrigerator oil from accumulating in the evaporimeter.
The refrigerating plant of the 3rd invention is that the refrigerator oil that uses in the refrigerant loop and the cooperation of cold-producing medium are ether oil and R410A in the refrigerating plant of the 2nd invention.
In this refrigerating plant, ether oil is used as refrigerator oil, and R410A is used as cold-producing medium.In the cooperation of this refrigerator oil and cold-producing medium, in the temperature range below-5 ℃, be not separated into two layers, even in this occasion, can prevent that also refrigerator oil from accumulating in the evaporimeter.
The refrigerating plant of the 4th invention is, in arbitrary refrigerating plant of the 1st～the 3rd invention, also having differential pressure increases mechanism, its make by the oil return loop from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger to and turn back to till the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism and the cold-producing medium interflow between differential pressure increase.
In arbitrary refrigerating plant of the 1st～the 3rd invention, turn back to the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism and the flow of cold-producing medium by the oil return loop from the bottom of evaporimeter, because the bottom and the pressure loss between the compressing mechanism that are basis evaporimeter in the oil return loop determine, so for example in evaporimeter or little to the pressure loss in the pipe arrangement between the suction side of compressing mechanism from the refrigerant outlet side of evaporimeter, the occasions that the pressure loss in the oil return loop is little etc., generation can't make and prevent that refrigerator oil from accumulating in the refrigerator oil of sufficient flow required in the evaporimeter and cold-producing medium turns back to compressing mechanism from the bottom of evaporimeter by the oil return loop situation sometimes.
And, in this refrigerating plant, by being set, differential pressure increases mechanism, can increase by the oil return loop and turn back to the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism and the flow of cold-producing medium, so can the bottom from evaporimeter turns back to the compressing mechanism by the oil return loop reliably with preventing refrigerator oil to accumulate in the refrigerator oil of enough flows required in the evaporimeter and cold-producing medium from the bottom of evaporimeter.
The refrigerating plant of the 5th invention has refrigerant loop and oil return loop.Refrigerant loop with compressing mechanism, condenser, expansion valve, cold-producing medium is formed by connecting from the evaporimeter that upside flows out from following side inflow, uses the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium of the cooperation that is not separated into two layers in evaporimeter.The oil return loop is connected with the bottom of evaporimeter, makes the refrigerator oil that is trapped in the evaporimeter turn back to compressing mechanism with cold-producing medium.
In this refrigerating plant, has refrigerant loop, and this refrigerant loop has and makes cold-producing medium be used for the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium of this refrigerant loop from following side inflow from the evaporimeter that upside flows out, and has used the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium of the cooperation that is not separated into two layers in evaporimeter.Therefore, in this refrigerating plant, refrigerator oil is not detained with the state that floats on the cold-producing medium liquid level in the evaporimeter, and is trapped in the evaporimeter with the state with refrigerant mixed under the condition of the evaporating temperature of the cold-producing medium of evaporimeter.And the refrigerator oil that is trapped in the evaporimeter turns back in the compressing mechanism with cold-producing medium by the oil return loop that connects with the evaporimeter bottom.Therefore, needn't as refrigerating plant in the past the cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger be maintained in certain above height accumulates in the evaporimeter to prevent refrigerator oil.
Thus, in this refrigerating plant, reduce the control of the evaporability of evaporimeter by the aperture that reduces expansion valve according to freezing load, its result, even the liquid level of the cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter descends, refrigerator oil can not accumulate in the evaporimeter yet, so can enlarge the control range when by expansion valve the evaporability of evaporimeter being controlled.
The aircondition of the 6th invention has refrigerant loop and oil return loop.Refrigerant loop is formed by connecting by a plurality of side refrigerant loop and heat source side refrigerant loops of utilizing, wherein the heat source side refrigerant loop then by compressing mechanism, cold-producing medium is formed by connecting from heat source side heat exchanger and the heat source side expansion valve that upside flows out from following side inflow, refrigerant loop is by utilizing side heat exchanger and utilize the side expansion valve to be formed by connecting, and refrigerant loop uses the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium of the cooperation that is not separated into two layers in the temperature range below 30 ℃.The oil return loop is connected with the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger, and the refrigerator oil that is trapped in the heat source side heat exchanger is turned back in the compressing mechanism with cold-producing medium.
In this aircondition, has refrigerant loop, this refrigerant loop is formed by connecting heat source side refrigerant loop and a plurality of side refrigerant loop that utilizes, the heat source side refrigerant loop has the heat source side heat exchanger that cold-producing medium is flowed out from upside from following side inflow, as refrigerator oil that is used for this refrigerant loop and cold-producing medium, use the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium of the cooperation that in large-temperature range below 30 ℃, is not separated into two layers.Here, with water or air or the salt solution occasion as thermal source, the evaporating temperature of the cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger is the temperature below 30 ℃.Therefore, in this aircondition, refrigerator oil is not detained with the state that floats on the cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger, and is trapped in the heat source side heat exchanger with the state with refrigerant mixed.And, be trapped in the oil return loop that the refrigerator oil in the heat source side heat exchanger connects by the bottom with the heat source side heat exchanger and turn back in the compressing mechanism with cold-producing medium.Therefore, needn't as aircondition in the past the cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger be maintained in certain above height accumulates in the heat source side heat exchanger to prevent refrigerator oil.
Thus, in this aircondition, reduce the control of the evaporability of heat source side heat exchanger by the aperture that reduces the heat source side expansion valve according to a plurality of air conditioner loads that utilize the side refrigerant loop, its result, even the liquid level of the cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger descends, refrigerator oil can not accumulate in the heat source side heat exchanger yet, so can enlarge the control range when by the heat source side expansion valve evaporability of heat source side heat exchanger being controlled.
And, in this aircondition, because a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers needn't be set as aircondition in the past, make the heat source side heat exchanger play the occasion of evaporator function, reduce evaporability by the part of a plurality of heat source side expansion valves being closed the platform number that plays the heat source side heat exchanger of evaporator function with minimizing, or play condenser function by a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers, reduce the control of evaporability with the evaporability counteracting of the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function, so can utilize single heat source side heat exchanger to obtain the control range of the evaporability of wide region.
Thus, restriction in the control range of controlling because of the evaporability that is subjected to the heat source side heat exchanger can not realize in the aircondition of heat source side heat exchanger unification, because the unification of heat source side heat exchanger becomes possibility, so can prevent in aircondition in the past because of increase of part number and the cost rising that a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers are produced is set, and play condenser function in a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers and reduce the occasion of evaporability, can eliminate following problem: the refrigerant compressed amount is corresponding in the compressing mechanism is increased in condensed refrigerant amount in the heat source side heat exchanger, thereby makes a plurality of air conditioner load COP variation under less operating condition of utilizing side refrigerant loop integral body.
The refrigerating plant of the 7th invention is that the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium that are used for refrigerant loop are refrigerator oil and the cold-producing mediums that is not separated into two layers cooperation in the temperature range below-5 ℃ in the aircondition of the 6th invention.
In this refrigerating plant,, used the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium of the cooperation that in the temperature range below-5 ℃, is not separated into two layers as the cooperation of refrigerator oil and cold-producing medium.Therefore, in this refrigerating plant, even play the evaporating temperature of cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger of evaporator function when low, refrigerator oil is not detained with the state that floats on the cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger yet, and be trapped in the heat source side heat exchanger with the state with refrigerant mixed, even in this occasion, can prevent that also refrigerator oil from accumulating in the heat source side heat exchanger.
The aircondition of the 8th invention is that being used for the refrigerator oil of refrigerant loop and the cooperation of cold-producing medium is ether oil and R410A in the aircondition of the 7th invention.
In this aircondition, ether oil is used as refrigerator oil, and R410A is used as cold-producing medium.In the cooperation of this refrigerator oil and cold-producing medium,, accumulate in the heat source side heat exchanger so can prevent refrigerator oil owing in the temperature range below-5 ℃, be not separated into two layers.
The aircondition of the 9th invention, be in the aircondition of the 6th～the 8th invention, also having differential pressure increases mechanism, its make by the oil return loop from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger to and turn back to till the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism and the cold-producing medium interflow between differential pressure increase.
In arbitrary aircondition of the 6th～the 8th, turn back to the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism and the flow of cold-producing medium by the oil return loop from the bottom of the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function, be to determine according to the bottom of the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function in the oil return loop and the pressure loss between the compressing mechanism, so for example in playing the heat source side heat exchanger of evaporator function or little to the pressure loss in the pipe arrangement between the suction side of compressing mechanism from the refrigerant outlet side of heat source side heat exchanger, the occasions that the pressure loss in the oil return loop is little etc., generation can't make and prevent that refrigerator oil from accumulating in the refrigerator oil of abundant flow required in the heat source side heat exchanger and cold-producing medium turns back to compressing mechanism from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger by the oil return loop situation sometimes.
But, in this aircondition, increase mechanism and can increase by the oil return loop and turn back to the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism and the flow of cold-producing medium from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger because of having differential pressure, the bottom from the heat source side heat exchanger turns back to the compressing mechanism by the oil return loop reliably so can will prevent refrigerator oil to accumulate in the refrigerator oil of the interior required abundant flow of heat source side heat exchanger and cold-producing medium.
The aircondition of the 10th invention is that the oil return loop has open and close valve in arbitrary aircondition of the 6th～the 9th invention.Play the occasion of condenser function at the heat source side heat exchanger, open and close valve is closed, and plays the occasion of evaporator function at the heat source side heat exchanger, and open and close valve is opened.
In this aircondition, when being provided with open and close valve in the oil return loop, making the heat source side heat exchanger play the occasion of condenser function, by turning round closing under the state of open and close valve, can prevent to reduce in the heat source side heat exchanger, being sent to the refrigerant amount that utilizes the side refrigerant loop after the condensation.
The aircondition of the 11st invention is in the aircondition of the 10th invention, and open and close valve is that the regulation aperture is opened when following in the aperture of heat source side expansion valve.
In this aircondition, that cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger does not accumulate at refrigerator oil, needn't use the oil return loop when being lower than the height more than certain, so the aperture that the refrigerant liquid face with in refrigerator oil can lodge in the heat source side heat exchanger of heat source side expansion valve is corresponding is set at the regulation aperture, only being in this regulation aperture in the aperture of heat source side expansion valve opens open and close valve when following and turns round, thereby can in the heat source side heat exchanger, not be evaporated, can prevent that the refrigerant amount that is sent to compressing mechanism from increasing.
The aircondition of the 12nd invention is in arbitrary aircondition of the 6th～the 11st invention, the heat source side heat exchanger will with flow through refrigerant flow in the heat source side heat exchanger and irrespectively supply with a certain amount of water and be used as thermal source.
In this aircondition, will irrespectively supply with a certain amount of water and be used as thermal source with flowing through refrigerant flow in the heat source side heat exchanger, can not utilize the control of the water yield to control the evaporability of heat source side heat exchanger.But, in this aircondition, owing to can enlarge control range when the evaporability of heat source side heat exchanger being controlled by the heat source side expansion valve, therefore, even do not control the water yield, also can guarantee the control range the when evaporability of heat source side heat exchanger controlled.
The aircondition of the 13rd invention is that the heat source side heat exchanger is a heat-exchangers of the plate type in arbitrary aircondition of the 6th～the 12nd invention.
In this aircondition, as the heat source side heat exchanger, use heat-exchangers of the plate type, on its structure, in order to prevent that refrigerator oil from accumulating in the heat source side heat exchanger, the refrigerator oil that is detained with the state that floats on the cold-producing medium liquid level is difficult to emit near the cold-producing medium liquid level.But, in this aircondition, state with refrigerator oil and refrigerant mixed is trapped in the heat source side heat exchanger, as long as the refrigerator oil that will be trapped in the heat source side heat exchanger is emitted with the bottom of cold-producing medium from the heat source side heat exchanger, even, the oil return loop is set easily also so use the occasion of heat-exchangers of the plate type.
The aircondition of the 14th invention has refrigerant loop and oil return loop.Refrigerant loop is formed by connecting by a plurality of side refrigerant loop and heat source side refrigerant loops of utilizing, wherein the heat source side refrigerant loop then by compressing mechanism, cold-producing medium is formed by connecting from heat source side heat exchanger and the heat source side expansion valve that upside flows out from following side inflow, refrigerant loop is by utilizing side heat exchanger and utilize the side expansion valve to be formed by connecting, and uses the freezing of cooperation that is not separated into two layers when the heat source side heat exchanger plays evaporator function in the heat source side heat exchanger to have and cold-producing medium.The oil return loop is connected with the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger, and the refrigerator oil that is trapped in the heat source side heat exchanger is turned back in the compressing mechanism with cold-producing medium.
In this aircondition, has refrigerant loop, this refrigerant loop is formed by connecting heat source side refrigerant loop and a plurality of side refrigerant loop that utilizes, the heat source side refrigerant loop has the heat source side heat exchanger that cold-producing medium is flowed out from upside from following side inflow, as the freezing mechanism and the cold-producing medium that are used for this refrigerant loop, use the freezing of cooperation that when the heat source side heat exchanger plays evaporator function, in the heat source side heat exchanger, is not separated into two layers to have and cold-producing medium.Therefore, in this aircondition, under the condition of the evaporating temperature of the cold-producing medium of the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function, refrigerator oil is not detained with the state that floats on the cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger, and is trapped in the heat source side heat exchanger with the state with refrigerant mixed.And the refrigerator oil that is trapped in the heat source side heat exchanger turns back in the compressing mechanism with cold-producing medium by the oil return loop that connects with heat source side heat exchanger bottom.Therefore, needn't as aircondition in the past the cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger be maintained in certain above height accumulates in the heat source side heat exchanger to prevent refrigerator oil.
Thus, in this aircondition, reduce the evaporability of heat source side heat exchanger by the aperture that reduces the heat source side expansion valve according to a plurality of air conditioner loads that utilize the side refrigerant loop, its result, even the cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger descends, refrigerator oil can not accumulate in the heat source side heat exchanger yet, so can enlarge the control range when by the heat source side expansion valve evaporability of heat source side heat exchanger being controlled.
And, in this aircondition, because a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers needn't be set as aircondition in the past, make the heat source side heat exchanger play the occasion of evaporator function, carry out by the part of a plurality of heat source side expansion valves is closed, the platform number that reduces the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function reduces evaporability, or play condenser function by a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers, reduce the control of evaporability with the evaporability counteracting of the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function, so can utilize single heat source side heat exchanger to obtain the control range of the evaporability of wide region.
Thus, restriction in the control range of controlling because of the evaporability that is subjected to the heat source side heat exchanger can not realize in the aircondition of heat source side heat exchanger unification, because the unification of heat source side heat exchanger becomes possibility, so can prevent in aircondition in the past because of increase of part number and the cost rising that a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers are produced is set, and play condenser function in a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers and reduce the occasion of evaporability, can eliminate following problem: in compressing mechanism the corresponding increase of refrigerant compressed amount by condensed refrigerant amount in the heat source side heat exchanger, the COP variation under the less operating condition of a plurality of air conditioner loads that utilize side refrigerant loop integral body.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly of the aircondition of an example of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic sketch of the general configuration of expression heat source side heat exchanger integral body.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of C part among Fig. 2, is the diagrammatic sketch of the general configuration of expression heat source side heat exchanger bottom.
Fig. 4 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly that heats the action in the operation mode of explanation aircondition.
Fig. 5 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly of action in the cooling operation pattern of explanation aircondition.
Fig. 6 is the cooling and warming refrigerant loop figure roughly of the action in the operation mode (evaporation load) simultaneously of explanation aircondition.
Fig. 7 is the cooling and warming refrigerant loop figure roughly of the action in the operation mode (condensation load) simultaneously of explanation aircondition.
Fig. 8 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly of the aircondition of variation 1.
Fig. 9 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly that heats the action in the operation mode of the aircondition of explanation variation 1.
Figure 10 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly of the action in the cooling operation pattern of aircondition of explanation variation 1.
Figure 11 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly of the aircondition of variation 2.
Figure 12 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly of the aircondition of variation 3.
Figure 13 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly of the aircondition of variation 4.
Figure 14 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly of the aircondition of variation 4.
Figure 15 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly of the aircondition of variation 4.
Figure 16 is the refrigerant loop figure roughly of the aircondition of variation 4.
Symbol description
The 1st, aircondition (refrigerating plant), the 12nd, refrigerant loop, 12a, 12b, 12c utilizes the side refrigerant loop, 12d is the heat source side refrigerant loop, the 21st, compressing mechanism, the 23rd, heat source side heat exchanger (evaporimeter), the 24th, heat source side expansion valve (expansion valve), 31,41, the 51st, utilize the side expansion valve, 32,42, the 52nd, utilize side heat exchanger (condenser), 101 is the 1st oil return loop (oil return loops), 101b is an open and close valve, the 111st, add hydraulic circuit, the 121st, cooler, the 122nd, cooling circuit, 131, the 141st, the mechanism of decompressor (differential pressure increases mechanism), the 151st, pump machanism (differential pressure increases mechanism), the 161st, penetrating mechanism (differential pressure increases mechanism)
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the example of aircondition of the present invention is described.
(1) structure of aircondition
Fig. 1 is the aircondition 1 refrigerant loop figure roughly of an example of the present invention.Aircondition 1 is the device that is used for the cooling and warming within doors in building etc. by the freeze cycle running of carrying out steam compression type.
Aircondition 1 mainly has: 1 heat source unit 2; A plurality of (in this example being 3) uses unit 3,4,5; With each linkage unit 6,7,8 that uses unit 3,4,5 to be connected; By linkage unit 6,7,8 heat source unit 2 and the cold-producing medium that uses unit 3,4,5 to couple together are communicated with pipe arrangement 9,10,11, for example, in order to carry out cooling operation at certain conditioned space and to heat running etc. at another conditioned space, according to the requirement of using the set conditioned space within doors in unit 3,4,5, turn round simultaneously and can carry out cooling and warming.That is, the refrigerant loop 12 of the steam compression type of the aircondition 1 of this example comprises heat source unit 2, uses unit 3,4,5, linkage unit 6,7,8 and cold-producing medium to be communicated with pipe arrangement 9,10,11.
And, in this example,, use the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium of the cooperation that in the temperature range below-20 ℃, is not separated into two layers for the refrigerant loop 12 of aircondition 1.As cooperating of this cold-producing medium and refrigerator oil, for example there be cooperating of R410A and polyvinylether ether oils such as (PVE).Here, use is not separated into two layers the refrigerator oil of cooperation and the reasons are as follows of cold-producing medium in the temperature range below-20 ℃.
At first, be because: being conceived to make the peak of evaporating temperature of the cold-producing medium of heat source side heat exchanger 23 (aftermentioned) when playing evaporator function of heat source unit 2 is 30 ℃ of this point, at least in the temperature range below the peak (promptly 30 ℃) of this evaporating temperature, by making the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing mediums that are stranded in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 not be separated into two layers, thereby can refrigerator oil be emitted and turn back to the compressing mechanism 21 (aftermentioned) of heat source unit 2 with cold-producing medium from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23.
Preferably, be conceived to make the minimum of the evaporating temperature of heat source side heat exchanger 23 (aftermentioned) when playing evaporator function of heat source unit 2, in the temperature range below the minimum of this evaporating temperature, by making the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing mediums that are stranded in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 not be separated into two layers, thereby can refrigerator oil be emitted and turn back to the compressing mechanism 21 (aftermentioned) of heat source unit 2 with cold-producing medium from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23.And as the minimum of evaporating temperature, the occasion that is used as the thermal source of heat source side heat exchanger 23 at Jiang Shui is-5 ℃, when using air as the thermal source of heat source side heat exchanger 23 be-15 ℃, is-20 ℃ during as the thermal source use salt solution (salt solution that for example comprises ethylene glycol 40～50wt%) of heat source side heat exchanger 23.
(use unit)
Use unit 3,4,5 to imbed or be suspended in the building and wait within doors the ceiling, or be arranged within doors the wall surface by modes such as wall built- ups.Use unit 3,4,5 to be communicated with pipe arrangement 9,10,11 and linkage unit 6,7,8 and to be connected the part of formation refrigerant loop 12 with heat source unit 2 by cold-producing medium.
Then, the structure of using unit 3,4,5 is described.Owing to use unit 3 and use unit the 4, the 5th, identical structure, so only unit 3 is used in explanation here, for the structure of using unit 4,5, put on 30 to 39 the symbol that 40 to 49 or 50 to 59 symbol replaces representing using the each several part of unit 3 respectively, and the explanation of omitting each several part.
Use unit 3 to constitute the part of refrigerant loop 12, mainly have the side of utilization refrigerant loop 12a (is respectively to utilize side refrigerant loop 12b, 12c) in using unit 4,5.This utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a mainly to have the side of utilization expansion valve 31 and utilizes side heat exchanger 32.In this example, utilizing side expansion valve 31 is the electric expansion valves that are connected with the hydraulic fluid side that utilizes side heat exchanger 32, to regulate etc. flowing through the refrigerant flow that utilizes in the side refrigerant loop 12a.In this example, utilizing side heat exchanger 32 is the finned fin tube type heat exchangers of cross that are made of heat-transfer pipe and many fins, is to be used for carrying out the cold-producing medium and the equipment of the heat exchange of air within doors.In this example, use unit 3 to have air is within doors sucked in the unit, supplies to the Air Blast fan of usefulness (not shown) within doors as air supply after the heat exchange, can make within doors air and flow through the cold-producing medium that utilizes side heat exchanger 32 and carry out heat exchange.
In addition, use unit 3 to be provided with various sensors.Be provided with the hydraulic fluid side temperature sensor 33 that the temperature to liquid refrigerant detects in the hydraulic fluid side that utilizes side heat exchanger 32, be provided with the gas side temperature sensor 34 that the temperature to gas refrigerant detects at the gas side that utilizes side heat exchanger 32.In addition, use unit 3 to be provided with the RA inlet temperature sensor 35 that the temperature that sucks the air within doors in the unit is detected.Use unit 3 to have and utilize side control part 36 what the action that constitutes the each several part that uses unit 3 was controlled.And, utilize side control part 36 to have microcomputer and the memory that uses unit 3 to be provided with for control, can and remote controller (not shown) between transfer control signal etc., or and heat source unit 2 between carry out transfer control signal etc.
(heat source unit)
It is first-class that heat source unit 2 is located at the roof in building etc., utilizes cold-producing medium to be communicated with pipe arrangement 9,10,11 and is connected with using unit 3,4,5, formation refrigerant loop 12 between use unit 3,4,5.
The structure of heat source unit 2 then, is described.Heat source unit 2 constitutes the part of refrigerant loop 12, mainly has heat source side refrigerant loop 12d.This heat source side refrigerant loop 12d mainly has: compressing mechanism 21; The 1st switching mechanism 22; Heat source side heat exchanger 23; Heat source side expansion valve 24; Storage tank 25; The 2nd switching mechanism 26; Hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27; High pressure gas side gate valve 28; Low pressure gas side gate valve 29; The 1st oil return loop 101; Add hydraulic circuit 111; Cooler 121; Cooling circuit 122.
Compressing mechanism 21 mainly has: compressor 21a; The oil eliminator 21b that is connected with the discharge side of compressor 21a; The 2nd oil return loop 21d that the suction line 21c of oil eliminator 21b and compressor 21a is coupled together.In this example, compressor 21a can utilize convertor controls to change the positive displacement compressor of running load capacity.Oil eliminator 21b is the container that the refrigerator oil that gas refrigerant that be compressed and be discharged from and high pressure in compressor 21a mixes is separated.The 2nd oil return loop 21d is used for the refrigerator oil after being separated by oil eliminator 21b is turned back to loop in the compressor 21a.The 2nd oil return loop 21d mainly has: the oil return pipe 21e that the suction line 21c of oil eliminator 21b and compressor 21a is coupled together; To with oil eliminator 21b that oil return pipe 21e is connected in the capillary 21f that reduces pressure of the refrigerator oil of high pressure after separated.Capillary 21f is reduce pressure a tubule till the refrigerant pressure of compressor 21a suction side of the refrigerator oil with the high pressure after oil eliminator 21b separates.In this example, only be 1 compressor 21a as the compressor of compressing mechanism 21, but be not limited to this, also can be according to the connection platform number that uses the unit etc., connect the compressor more than 2 side by side.
The 1st switching mechanism 22 is four-way switching valves, can the stream of the cold-producing medium in the heat source side refrigerant loop 12d be switched, with when making heat source side heat exchanger 23 play condenser function (hereinafter referred to as the condensation operating condition) the discharge side of compressing mechanism 21 and the gas side of heat source side heat exchanger 23 are connected, (hereinafter referred to as the evaporation operating condition) is connected the suction side of compressing mechanism 21 with the gas side of heat source side heat exchanger 23 when making heat source side heat exchanger 23 play evaporator function, the 1st opening 22a of cross valve is connected with the discharge side of compressing mechanism 21, its the 2nd opening 22b is connected with the gas side of heat source side heat exchanger 23, its the 3rd opening 22c is connected with the suction side of compressing mechanism 21, and the 4th opening 22d is connected with the suction side of compressing mechanism 21 by capillary 91.And, the 1st switching mechanism 22 as mentioned above, can carry out such switching: with the 1st opening 22a with when the 2nd opening 22b is connected, connect (with condensation operating condition corresponding with the 4th opening 22d the 3rd opening 22c, solid line with reference to the 1st switching mechanism 22 of Fig. 1), or with the 2nd opening 22b with when the 3rd opening 22c is connected, the 1st opening 22c is connected (corresponding with the evaporation operating condition) with reference to the dotted line of the 1st switching mechanism 22 of Fig. 1 with the 4th opening 22d.
Heat source side heat exchanger 23 is the heat exchangers that can play the condenser function of the evaporimeter of cold-producing medium and cold-producing medium, in this example, is the heat-exchangers of the plate type that water is carried out heat exchange as thermal source and cold-producing medium.Heat source side heat exchanger 23 its gas sides are connected with the 2nd opening 22b of the 1st switching mechanism 22, and its hydraulic fluid side is connected with heat source side expansion valve 24.As shown in Figure 2, heat source side heat exchanger 23 constitutes: by clipping liner (not shown) a plurality of board member 23a by shapings such as punch process are overlapped, and formation is extended along the vertical direction between each board member 23a a plurality of stream 23b, 23c, cross cold-producing medium and water (specifically by alternating current in these a plurality of stream 23b, 23c, cold-producing medium flows through in the stream 23b, water flows through in the stream 23c, with reference to arrow A and the B of Fig. 2) and can carry out heat exchange.And its upper end of a plurality of stream 23b and bottom interconnect, and are connected with gas side nozzle 23d that is located at heat source side heat exchanger 23 tops and bottom and hydraulic fluid side nozzle 23e.This gas side nozzle 23d is connected with the 1st switching mechanism 22, and hydraulic fluid side nozzle 23e is connected with heat source side expansion valve 24.Thus, play the occasion of evaporator function at heat source side heat exchanger 23, cold-producing medium flows out from hydraulic fluid side nozzle 23e (being downside) inflow and from gas side nozzle 23d (being upside), play the occasion of condenser function at heat source side heat exchanger 23, cold-producing medium flows into and flows out (with reference to the arrow A of Fig. 2) from hydraulic fluid side nozzle 23e (being downside) from gas side nozzle 23d (being upside).In addition, its upper end of a plurality of stream 23c and bottom interconnect, and are connected with water inlet nozzle 23f that is located at heat source side heat exchanger 23 tops and bottom and water out nozzle 23g.Water as thermal source, in this example, water inlet nozzle 23f by the water pipe arrangement (not shown) that links to each other with cooling column equipment that is arranged on aircondition 1 outside or boiler plant from heat source side heat exchanger 23 flows into as supplying with water CWS, after carrying out heat exchange with cold-producing medium, flow out from water out nozzle 23g, turn back in cooling column equipment or the boiler plant as discharge water CWR.Here, from the water of cooling column equipment or boiler plant supply, irrespectively supply with a certain amount of with the flow that flows through the cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger 23.
In this example, heat source side expansion valve 24 be to being communicated with pipe arrangement 9 by liquid refrigerant at heat source side heat exchanger 23 and the electric expansion valve that utilizes the flow of the cold-producing medium that flows between side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, the 12c to regulate etc., be connected with the hydraulic fluid side of heat source side heat exchanger 23.
Storage tank 25 is to flow through heat source side heat exchanger 23 and to utilize cold-producing medium between side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, the 12c temporarily to be detained the container of usefulness.Storage tank 25 is connected in this example between heat source side expansion valve 24 and the cooler 121.
The 2nd switching mechanism 26 is four-way switching valves, can the stream of the cold-producing medium in the heat source side refrigerant loop 12d be switched, simultaneously during the heat source unit of usefulness (with reference to Fig. 4～Fig. 7) gas refrigerant of high pressure be sent to and utilize side refrigerant loop 12a heat source unit 2 being used as changes in temperature, 12b, during 12c (hereinafter referred to as heating the burden requirement operating condition), and the discharge side of compressing mechanism 21 is connected with high pressure gas side gate valve 28, when heat source unit 2 being used as changes in temperature and switching the heat source unit of usefulness (with reference to variation 1, Fig. 8～Figure 10, cooling operation state when switching) when carrying out cooling operation hereinafter referred to as changes in temperature, high pressure gas side gate valve 28 is connected with the suction side of compressing mechanism 21, the 1st opening 26a of cross valve is connected with the discharge side of compressing mechanism 21, its the 2nd opening 26b is connected with the suction side of compressing mechanism 21 by capillary 92, its the 3rd opening 26c is connected with the suction side of compressing mechanism 21, and its 4th opening 26d is connected with high pressure gas side gate valve 28.And, the 2nd switching mechanism 26 as mentioned above, can carry out such switching: with the 1st opening 26a with when the 2nd opening 26b is connected, the 3rd opening 26c and the 4th opening 26d connected (the cooling operation state is corresponding when switching with changes in temperature, solid line with reference to the 2nd switching mechanism 26 of Fig. 1), or with the 2nd opening 26b with when the 3rd opening 26c is connected, the 1st opening 26a is connected (the burden requirement operating condition is corresponding with heating, with reference to the dotted line of the 2nd switching mechanism 26 of Fig. 1) with the 4th opening 26d.
Hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27, high pressure gas side gate valve 28 and low pressure gas side gate valve 29 be provided in a side of with external equipment, pipe arrangement (specifically cold-producing medium is communicated with pipe arrangement 9,10,11) between the valve at connector place.Hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27 is connected with cooler 121.High pressure gas side gate valve 28 is connected with the 4th opening 26d of the 2nd switching mechanism 26.Low pressure gas side gate valve 29 is connected with the suction side of compressing mechanism 21.
The 1st oil return loop 101 is to be that heat source side heat exchanger 23 will be stranded in refrigerator oil in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 when playing evaporator function and turn back to loop in the compressing mechanism 21 with cold-producing medium in the evaporation operating condition.The 1st oil return loop 101 mainly has oil return pipe 101a, the open and close valve 101b that is connected with oil return pipe 101a, check valve 101c and the capillary 101d that the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 and compressing mechanism 21 are coupled together.The end of oil return pipe 101a is set as, refrigerator oil can be emitted with the bottom of cold-producing medium from heat source side heat exchanger 23, in this example, as shown in Figure 3, oil return pipe 101a passes in the pipe of the hydraulic fluid side nozzle 23e that is located at heat source side heat exchanger 23 bottoms and extends to pipe arrangement in the stream 23b that cold-producing medium flow through of heat source side heat exchanger 23.Here,, be communicated with, be provided with intercommunicating pore 23h (also identical between a plurality of stream 23c) on each board member 23a for making between a plurality of stream 23b for heat source side heat exchanger 23.Therefore, oil return pipe 101a also can be set as and connect a plurality of stream 23b (with reference to the oil return pipe 101a shown in Fig. 3 dotted line).In addition, the other end of oil return pipe 101a is connected with the suction side of compressing mechanism 21 in this example.Open and close valve 101b is the magnetic valve that connects as required can use the 1st oil return loop 101, can make cold-producing medium and refrigerator oil circulate, block in this example.Check valve 101c only allows cold-producing medium and the refrigerator oil valve of bottom in oil return pipe 101a is flow through in the suction side of compressing mechanism 21 from heat source side heat exchanger 23.Capillary 101d is reduce pressure a tubule till the refrigerant pressure of compressing mechanism 21 suction sides of cold-producing medium that the bottom from heat source side heat exchanger 23 is emitted and refrigerator oil.
Adding hydraulic circuit 111 is such loops: when condensation running status machine makes heat source side heat exchanger 23 play condenser function, make the gas refrigerant of the high pressure after being compressed in the compressing mechanism 21, with in heat source side heat exchanger 23, be condensed and in heat source side expansion valve 24, be depressurized after be sent to the cold-producing medium interflow that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c.Adding hydraulic circuit 111 mainly has: the forcing pipe 111a that the discharge side of compressing mechanism 21 and the downstream of heat source side expansion valve 24 (being between heat source side expansion valve 24 and the hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27) are coupled together; The open and close valve 111b that is connected with forcing pipe 111a; Check valve 111c; With capillary 111d.Forcing pipe 111a is in this example, and the one end is connected between the 1st opening 22a, the 26a of the outlet of oil eliminator 21b of compressing mechanism 21 and the 1st and the 2nd switching mechanism 22,26.In addition, the other end of forcing pipe 22a is connected in this example between heat source side expansion valve 24 and the storage tank 25.Open and close valve 111b to add hydraulic circuit 111 and connects in order to use as required in this example, is the magnetic valve that can make cold-producing medium circulation and blocking-up.Check valve 111c only allows cold-producing medium to flow through valve in the forcing pipe 111a from the downstream of the discharge side direction heat source side expansion valve 24 of compressing mechanism 21.Capillary 111d is reduce pressure a tubule till the refrigerant pressure in heat source side expansion valve 24 downstreams of the cold-producing medium of will be sidelong out from the discharge of compressing mechanism 21.
Cooler 121 is such heat exchangers: in the condensation operating condition is heat source side heat exchanger 23 when playing condenser function, is sent to the back that is condensed in heat source side heat exchanger 23, after being depressurized in heat source side expansion valve 24 and utilizes the cold-producing medium of side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c to cool off.Cooler 121 is connected in this example between storage tank 25 and the hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27.In other words, the forcing pipe 111a that adds hydraulic circuit 111 is connected between heat source side expansion valve 24 and the cooler 121, and is connected to high-pressure gas refrigerant and the cold-producing medium interflow that is depressurized in heat source side expansion valve 24.As cooler 121, for example can use the heat exchanger of dual tubular type.
Cooling circuit 122 is the loops that are connected with heat source side refrigerant loop 12d, being that heat source side heat exchanger 23 is when playing condenser function in the condensation operating condition, make and be sent to a cold-producing medium part of utilizing side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c from heat source side heat exchanger 23 and import cooler 121 from heat source side refrigerant loop 12d difference, to after in heat source side heat exchanger 23, being condensed, in heat source side expansion valve 24, being depressurized and being sent to the cold-producing medium that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c and cooling off, it is turned back to the suction side of compressing mechanism 21.Cooling circuit 122 mainly has: will be sent to the ingress pipe 122a of the part importing cooler 121 of the cold-producing medium that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c from heat source side heat exchanger 23; What be connected with ingress pipe 122a cools back trackside expansion valve 122b; To turn back to the delivery line 122c of compressing mechanism 21 suction sides through the cold-producing medium behind the subcooler 121.Ingress pipe 122a one end in this example is connected between storage tank 25 and the cooler 121.In addition, the other end of ingress pipe 122a is connected the place, cooling circuit 122 side entrances of cooler 121 in this example.Cool back trackside expansion valve 122b and in this example, connect, but be the electric expansion valve that the refrigerant flow in convection current supercooling loop 122 is regulated in order to use cooling circuit 122 as required.Delivery line 122c one end in this example is connected the exit of cooling circuit 122 sides of cooler 121.And delivery line 122c its other end in this example is connected the suction side of compressing mechanism 21.
And heat source unit 2 is provided with various sensors.Specifically, heat source unit 2 is provided with: the suction pressure sensor 93 that the suction pressure of compressing mechanism 21 is detected; The discharge pressure sensor 94 that the discharge pressure of compressing mechanism 21 is detected; The discharge temperature sensor 95 that the cold-producing medium discharge temperature of the discharge side of compressing mechanism 21 is detected; The cooling circuit outlet temperature sensor 96 that the temperature of the cold-producing medium of the delivery line 122c in convection current supercooling loop 122 detects.And heat source unit 2 has the heat source side control part 97 that the action of the each several part that constitutes heat source unit 2 is controlled.And heat source side control part 97 has and is control heat source unit 2 microcomputer and the memory that are provided with, can and utilizing between the side control part 36,46,56 of unit 3,4,5 of use carry out transfer control signal etc.
(linkage unit)
Linkage unit 6,7,8 is with using unit 3,4,5 to be arranged on building etc. within doors.Linkage unit 6,7,8 is communicated with pipe arrangement 9,10,11 with cold-producing medium and is installed between use unit 3,4,5 and the heat source unit 2, constitutes the part of refrigerant loop 12.
Below, the structure of linkage unit 6,7,8 is described.Because linkage unit 6 is identical with the structure of linkage unit 7,8, so the structure of linkage unit 6 here only is described,, puts on 70 to 79 or 80 to 89 symbol respectively for the structure of linkage unit 7,8,60 to 69 the symbol that replaces expression linkage unit 6 each several parts, and the explanation of omitting each several part.
Linkage unit 6 constitutes the part of refrigerant loop 12, mainly has the side of connection refrigerant loop 12e (being respectively to connect side refrigerant loop 12f, 12g in linkage unit 7,8).This connection side refrigerant loop 12e mainly has liquid tube connector 61, gas connection pipe 62, gases at high pressure open and close valve 66 and low-pressure gas open and close valve 67.In this example, liquid tube connector 61 is communicated with liquid refrigerant pipe arrangement 9 and utilizes the side expansion valve 31 that utilizes of side refrigerant loop 12a to couple together.Gas connection pipe 62 has: be communicated with the gases at high pressure tube connector 63 that pipe arrangement 10 is connected with high-pressure gas refrigerant; Be communicated with the low-pressure gas tube connector 64 that pipe arrangement 11 is connected with low-pressure refrigerant gas; And the interflow gas connection pipe 65 that gases at high pressure tube connector 63 and low-pressure gas tube connector 64 are collaborated.Interflow gas connection pipe 65 is connected the gas side that utilizes side heat exchanger 32 that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a.And gases at high pressure open and close valve 66 is connected with gases at high pressure tube connector 63 in this example, is the magnetic valve that can make cold-producing medium circulation and blocking-up.Low-pressure gas open and close valve 67 is the magnetic valve that is connected and can makes cold-producing medium circulation and blocking-up with low-pressure gas tube connector 64 in this example.Thus, linkage unit 6 can play such function: when using unit 3 to carry out cooling operation gases at high pressure open and close valve 66 is closed, making under the state that low-pressure gas open and close valve 67 is opened, to deliver to through the cold-producing medium that liquid refrigerant is communicated with pipe arrangement 9 influent tube connectors 61 and utilize that side refrigerant loop 12a's utilize side expansion valve 31, by utilize side expansion valve 31 decompression and utilizing be evaporated in the side heat exchanger 32 after, turn back to low-pressure refrigerant gas through interflow gas connection pipe 65 and low-pressure gas tube connector 64 and be communicated with in the pipe arrangement 11.In addition, linkage unit 6 can play such function: when using unit 3 to heat running, low-pressure gas open and close valve 67 is closed, making under the state that gases at high pressure open and close valve 66 is opened, to deliver to the gas side that utilizes side heat exchanger 32 that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a through the cold-producing medium of high-pressure gas refrigerant connection pipe arrangement 10 inflow gases at high pressure tube connectors 63 and interflow gas connection pipe 65, in utilizing side heat exchanger 32, be condensed and, turn back to liquid refrigerant through liquid tube connector 61 and be communicated with in the pipe arrangement 9 by after utilizing side expansion valve 31 decompression.In addition, linkage unit 6 has the connection side control part 68 that the each several part action that constitutes linkage unit 6 is controlled.And, connect side control part 68 and have microcomputer and the memory that is provided with for control connection unit 6, can and utilizing of unit 3 of use carry out transfer control signal etc. between the side control part 36.
As mentioned above, with utilize side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c, heat source side refrigerant loop 12d, cold-producing medium to be communicated with pipe arrangement 9,10,11 and is connected side refrigerant loop 12e, 12f, 12g connect and the refrigerant loop 12 of formation aircondition 1.And, in the aircondition 1 of this example, for example use unit 3,4 can carry out cooling operation, and the so-called changes in temperature that use unit 5 can heat running turn round simultaneously.
And, in the aircondition 1 of this example, as described later, when making heat source side heat exchanger 23 play evaporator function, by using the 1st oil return loop 101, can enlarge the control range when controlling, can utilize single heat source side heat exchanger 23 to obtain the control range of the evaporability of wide regions by the evaporability of 24 pairs of heat source side heat exchangers 23 of heat source side expansion valve.In addition, in aircondition 1, as described later, when making heat source side heat exchanger 23 play condenser function, add hydraulic circuit 111 and cooler 121 by use, can enlarge the control range when controlling, can utilize single heat source side heat exchanger 23 to obtain the control range of the condensation ability of relative broad ranges by the condensation ability of 24 pairs of heat source side heat exchangers 23 of heat source side expansion valve.Thus, in the aircondition 1 of this example, can be implemented in the unification of the heat source side heat exchanger that is provided with several in the aircondition in the past.
(2) action of aircondition
Below, the action of the aircondition 1 of this example is described.
The operation mode of the aircondition 1 of this example uses the air conditioner load of unit 3,4,5 and can be divided into: uses the integral body of unit 3,4,5 to heat the operation mode that heats of running according to each; The integral body of use unit 3,4,5 is carried out the cooling operation pattern of cooling operation; The part of use unit 3,4,5 is carried out cooling operation, other uses unit to heat the changes in temperature while operation mode of running.For changes in temperature operation mode simultaneously, operation mode can be divided into according to the air conditioner load that uses unit 3,4,5 integral body that the heat source side heat exchanger 23 that makes heat source unit 2 plays the occasion (evaporation operating condition) that evaporator function turns round and the heat source side heat exchanger 23 that makes heat source unit 2 plays the occasion (condensation operating condition) that condenser function turns round.
Below, the action of 4 operation modes of aircondition 1 is described.
(heating operation mode)
When using unit 3,4,5 integral body to heat running, the refrigerant loop 12 of aircondition 1 constitutes (for flowing of cold-producing medium, with reference to the arrow in the refrigerant loop 12 that is marked on Fig. 4) as shown in Figure 4.Specifically, in the heat source side refrigerant loop 12d of heat source unit 2, by the 1st switching mechanism 22 being switched to evaporation operating condition (state shown in the dotted line of the 1st switching mechanism 22 among Fig. 4), the 2nd switching mechanism 26 switched to heat burden requirement operating condition (state shown in the dotted line of the 2nd switching mechanism 26 among Fig. 4), and make heat source side heat exchanger 23 play evaporator function, and can be communicated with pipe arrangement 10 by high-pressure gas refrigerant and the gas refrigerant of the high pressure that is compressed, discharges in the compressing mechanism 21 is supplied in uses unit 3,4,5.In addition, heat source side expansion valve 24 can be regulated so that cold-producing medium is reduced pressure by aperture.To add the open and close valve 111b of hydraulic circuit 111 and the trackside expansion valve 122b that cools back of cooling circuit 122 closes, become such state: make the gas refrigerant of high pressure and flow through heat source side expansion valve 24 and storage tank 25 between cold-producing medium interflow, or blocking-up is supplied in the Cooling and Heat Source of cooler 121, thereby cool stream is not crossed cold-producing medium between storage tank 25 and the use unit 3,4,5.In linkage unit 6,7,8, by closing low-pressure gas open and close valve 67,77,87 and open gases at high pressure open and close valve 66,76,86, thereby use the side heat exchanger 32,42,52 that utilizes of unit 3,4,5 to play condenser function.In using unit 3,4,5, utilize side expansion valve 31,41,51 for example (specifically according to the supercooling degree that utilizes side heat exchanger 32,42,52, temperature difference by hydraulic fluid side temperature sensor 33,43,53 detected refrigerant temperatures and gas side temperature sensor 34,44,54 detected refrigerant temperatures) carries out aperture adjusting etc., use the load that heats of unit to carry out the aperture adjusting according to each.
In the structure of this refrigerant loop 12, the gas refrigerant of high pressure that in the compressor 21a of compressing mechanism 21, the is compressed discharge refrigerator oil in the gas refrigerant of high pressure most of separated and be sent to the 2nd switching mechanism 26 in oil eliminator 21b.And the refrigerator oil after separating in oil eliminator 21b turns back to the suction side of compressor 21a through the 2nd oil return loop 21d.The gas refrigerant of delivering to the high pressure of the 2nd switching mechanism 26 is sent to high-pressure gas refrigerant through the 1st opening 26a of the 2nd switching mechanism 26 and the 4th opening 26d and high pressure gas side gate valve 28 and is communicated with pipe arrangement 10.
And, deliver to gas refrigerant that high-pressure gas refrigerant is communicated with the high pressure in the pipe arrangement 10 and become three the tunnel and be sent to the gases at high pressure tube connector 63,73,83 of each linkage unit 6,7,8 by difference.The high-pressure gas refrigerant that is sent to the gases at high pressure tube connector 63,73,83 of linkage unit 6,7,8 be sent to through gases at high pressure open and close valve 66,76,86 and interflow gas connection pipe 65,75,85 use unit 3,4,5 utilize side heat exchanger 32,42,52.
And the gas refrigerant that is sent to the high pressure that utilizes side heat exchanger 32,42,52 is using utilizing in the side heat exchanger 32,42,52 by carrying out heat exchange with air within doors of unit 3,4,5 to be condensed.On the other hand, air within doors is heated and supplies within doors.The cold-producing medium that is condensed in utilizing side heat exchanger 32,42,52 is being sent in the liquid tube connector 61,71,81 of linkage unit 6,7,8 through after utilizing side expansion valve 31,41,51.
The cold-producing medium that is sent to liquid tube connector 61,71,81 is sent to liquid refrigerant communicating pipe 9 and collaborates.
Be sent to liquid refrigerant and be communicated with pipe arrangement 9 and the cold-producing medium at interflow, be sent to storage tank 25 through the hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27 of heat source unit 2 and cooler 121.After the cold-producing medium that is sent to storage tank 25 temporarily is trapped in storage tank 25, be depressurized by heat source side expansion valve 24.Cold-producing medium after being depressurized through heat source side expansion valve 24 by carrying out the gas refrigerant that heat exchange was evaporated and became low pressure with water as thermal source, is delivered to the 1st switching mechanism 22 in heat source side heat exchanger 23.The gas refrigerant of low pressure that is sent to the 1st switching mechanism 22 is through the 2nd opening 22b of the 1st switching mechanism 22 and the 3rd opening 22c and turn back to the suction side of compressing mechanism 21.Like this, can heat the action of operation mode.
At this moment, respectively use sometimes unit 3,4,5 to heat load very little.In this occasion, must reduce the evaporability of the cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 of heat source unit 2, make its with use unit 3,4,5 integral body heat load (that is, utilizing the condensation load of side heat exchanger 32,42,52) balance.Therefore, by reducing the control of heat source side expansion valve 24 apertures, just can reduce the control of the cold-producing medium evaporation capacity in the heat source side heat exchanger 23.In case reduce the control of this heat source side expansion valve 24 apertures, the cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 just descends.Like this, heat source side heat exchanger 23 as this example, constitute when playing the evaporator function of cold-producing medium cold-producing medium from side inflow down from the heat exchanger (with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) that upside flows out, the cold-producing medium of refrigerator oil after evaporation just is difficult to be discharged from, and is easy to generate accumulating of refrigerator oil.
But, in the aircondition 1 of this example, when using temperature range at (preferably the minimum of evaporating temperature below) below 30 ° not to be separated into two layers the refrigerator oil and cold-producing medium (i.e. use is not separated into the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium of two layers cooperation in the heat source side heat exchanger when the heat source side heat exchanger plays evaporator function) of cooperation, the 1st oil return loop 101 is set.And, the open and close valve 101b in the 1st oil return loop 101 is opened heating the occasion of operation mode (promptly the 1st switching mechanism 22 is the occasions that are in the evaporation operating condition), and refrigerator oil is emitted and turned back to the compressing mechanism 21 with the bottom of cold-producing medium from heat source side heat exchanger 23 in heat source side heat exchanger 23 through oil return pipe 101a.Therefore, although by reducing the aperture of heat source side expansion valve 24, the cold-producing medium liquid levels in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 descend, and refrigerator oil is difficult to be discharged from the cold-producing medium of evaporation, can prevent the accumulating of refrigerator oil in the heat source side heat exchanger 23.
When in case the occasion open and close valve 101b that plays condenser function at heat source side heat exchanger 23 is opened, the part of the cold-producing medium that is condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 just turns back in the compressing mechanism 21, being sent to the refrigerant amount that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c just reduces, therefore, be in the occasion of condensation operating condition at the 1st switching mechanism 22, open and close valve 101b is closed, be in the occasion of evaporating operating condition, it is opened at the 1st switching mechanism 22.In addition, also can be only in following occasion, 101b opens with open and close valve: the occasion that is in the evaporation operating condition at the 1st switching mechanism 22, by reducing the control of heat source side expansion valve 24 apertures, cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 is descended, be in refrigerator oil and be difficult to the state that the cold-producing medium after evaporation is discharged.For example, as the condition that open and close valve 101b is opened, except the 1st switching mechanism 22 was the evaporation operating condition, also can increase heat source side expansion valve 24 was below the regulation aperture.The aperture that this regulation aperture is the aperture that obtains making cold-producing medium liquid levels in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 to descend, become refrigerator oil by experiment being difficult to the heat source side expansion valve 24 of the state that the cold-producing medium after evaporation discharges, obtain according to this experiment is decided.
(cooling operation pattern)
When use unit 3,4,5 integral body were carried out cooling operation, the refrigerant loop 12 of aircondition 1 constituted (for flowing of cold-producing medium, with reference to the arrow that is marked on refrigerant loop 12 among Fig. 5) as shown in Figure 5.Specifically, in the heat source side refrigerant loop 12d of heat source unit 2, by the 1st switching mechanism 22 being switched to condensation operating condition (state shown in the solid line of the 1st switching mechanism 22 of Fig. 5), and make heat source side heat exchanger 23 play condenser function.In addition, heat source side expansion valve 24 is in the state that is opened.And the open and close valve 101b in the 1st oil return loop 101 is closed, and the machine oil that do not carry out will flowing from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 is emitted with cold-producing medium and made it turn back to the action of compressing mechanism 21.In linkage unit 6,7,8, by closing gases at high pressure open and close valve 66,76,86 and opening low-pressure gas open and close valve 67,77,87, and use the side heat exchanger 32,42,52 that utilizes of unit 3,4,5 to play evaporator function, use the suction side of the compressing mechanism 21 that utilizes side heat exchanger 32,42,52 and heat source unit 2 of unit 3,4,5 to be in connected state by low-pressure refrigerant gas connection pipe arrangement 11.In using unit 3,4,5, utilize side expansion valve 31,41,51, for example (specifically according to the degree of superheat of utilizing side heat exchanger 32,42,52, be the temperature difference of the detected refrigerant temperature of the detected refrigerant temperature of hydraulic fluid side temperature sensor 33,43,53 and gas side temperature sensor 34,44,54) carry out aperture adjusting etc., and use the cooling load of unit to carry out aperture according to each and regulate.
In the structure of this refrigerant loop 12, the gas refrigerant of the high pressure after in the compressor 21a of compressing mechanism 21, being compressed discharge, in oil eliminator 21b, the refrigerator oil that exists in the gas refrigerant of high pressure most of separated also is sent in the 1st switching mechanism 22, and the refrigerator oil in oil eliminator 21b after separated is sent to the suction side of compressor 21a through the 2nd oil return loop 21d.Be sent to the gas refrigerant of the high pressure in the 1st switching mechanism 22, through the 1st opening 22a of the 1st switching mechanism 22 and the 2nd opening 22b and be sent to heat source side heat exchanger 23.Be sent to the gas refrigerant of the high pressure in the heat source side heat exchanger 23, in heat source side heat exchanger 23, be condensed by carrying out heat exchange with water as thermal source.Cold-producing medium after in heat source side heat exchanger 23, being condensed after through heat source side expansion valve 24, through adding hydraulic circuit 111 and with compressing mechanism 21 in be compressed the gas refrigerant interflow (in detail as described later) of the high pressure of discharge, and be sent in the storage tank 25.After accumulating in storage tank 25 temporarily, the cold-producing medium that is sent to storage tank 25 is sent in the cooler 121.Be sent to the cold-producing medium in the cooler 121, be cooled (in detail as described later) by carrying out heat exchange with the cold-producing medium that flows through cooling circuit 122.Cold-producing medium after being cooled in cooler 121 is sent to the hydraulic fluid side and is communicated with in the pipe arrangement 9 through hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27.
And, be sent to liquid refrigerant and be communicated with cold-producing medium difference in the pipe arrangement 9 and become three the tunnel and be sent in the liquid tube connector 61,71,81 of each linkage unit 6,7,8.The cold-producing medium that is sent to the liquid tube connector 61,71,81 of linkage unit 6,7,8 is sent to utilizing in the side expansion valve 31,41,51 of use unit 3,4,5.
Be sent to the cold-producing medium that utilizes side expansion valve 31,41,51 after utilizing 31,41,51 decompressions of side expansion valve, in utilizing side heat exchanger 32,42,52 by carrying out the gas refrigerant that heat exchange is evaporated becomes low pressure with air within doors.On the other hand, air within doors is cooled and supplies within doors.The gas refrigerant of low pressure is sent in the interflow gas connection pipe 65,75,85 of linkage unit 6,7,8.
Be sent to the low-pressure refrigerant gas of interflow in the gas connection pipe 65,75,85, be sent to low-pressure refrigerant gas through low-pressure gas open and close valve 67,77,87 and low-pressure gas tube connector 64,74,84 and be communicated with interflow in the pipe arrangement 11.
And, be sent to low-pressure refrigerant gas and be communicated with the low-pressure refrigerant gas behind the interflow in the pipe arrangement 11 is returned to compressing mechanism 21 through low pressure gas side gate valve 29 suction side.Like this, can carry out the action of cooling operation pattern.
At this moment, respectively use the cooling load of unit 3,4,5 very little sometimes.In this occasion, must reduce the condensation ability of the cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 of heat source unit 2, make itself and cooling load (that is, utilizing the evaporation load of side heat exchanger 32,42, the 52) balance of using unit 3,4,5 integral body.Therefore, by reducing the control of heat source side expansion valve 24 apertures, just can reduce the control of the condensation of refrigerant amount in the heat source side heat exchanger 23.In case reduce the control of this heat source side expansion valve 24 apertures, the amount that is trapped in the liquid refrigerant in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 just increases, and by the heat transfer area that reduces essence the condensation ability is diminished.But, in case reduce the control of heat source side expansion valve 24 apertures, heat source side expansion valve 24 downstreams (specifically, heat source side expansion valve 24 and utilize between side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, the 12c) refrigerant pressure the tendency of decline is arranged and instability, the tendency of the control that is difficult to the stable condensation ability that reduces heat source side refrigerant loop 12d is arranged.
To this, in the aircondition 1 of this example, be provided with and add hydraulic circuit 111, its gas refrigerant that makes the high pressure of discharging by compressing mechanism 21 compressions with in heat source side expansion valve 24, be depressurized and be sent to the cold-producing medium interflow that utilizes among side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, the 12c.And, in the occasion of cooling operation pattern (promptly, the 1st switching mechanism 22 is in the occasion of condensation operating condition), this open and close valve 111b that adds hydraulic circuit 111 is opened, and just can collaborate through the downstream of forcing pipe 111a and heat source side expansion valve 24 from the discharge side of compressing mechanism 21.Therefore, by reducing the control of heat source side expansion valve 24 apertures, and, just can improve the refrigerant pressure in heat source side expansion valve 24 downstreams by adding the interflow, downstream that hydraulic circuit 111 makes the gas refrigerant and the heat source side expansion valve 24 of high pressure.But, high-pressure gas refrigerant is collaborated with the downstream of heat source side expansion valve 24 through adding hydraulic circuit 111, then make the gas refrigerant interflow of high pressure, be sent to the cold-producing medium that utilizes among side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, the 12c and become the big gas-liquid two-phase flow body of gas ratio, cold-producing medium is diverted to when respectively utilizing side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c being communicated with pipe arrangement 9 from liquid refrigerant, just produces bias current utilizing between side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, the 12c.
To this, in the aircondition 1 of this example, also be provided with cooler 121 in the downstream of heat source side expansion valve 24.Therefore, control by reducing heat source side expansion valve 24 apertures and by adding the interflow, downstream that hydraulic circuit 111 makes high-pressure gas refrigerant and heat source side expansion valve 24, in the control of the refrigerant pressure that improves heat source side expansion valve 24 downstreams, make by 121 pairs in cooler through 24 decompressions of heat source side expansion valve and be sent to the cold-producing medium that utilizes among side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, the 12c and cool off, so can make the gas refrigerant condensation, gas-liquid that need not gas ratio is big and the cold-producing medium of phase fluid are delivered to and are utilized side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c.In addition, in the aircondition 1 of this example, because forcing pipe 111a is connected between heat source side expansion valve 24 and the storage tank 25, so cool off by 121 pairs of cold-producing mediums that temperature uprised because of the cold-producing medium interflow, downstream of high-pressure gas refrigerant and heat source side expansion valve 24 of cooler.Therefore,, the Cooling and Heat Source of low temperature needn't be used, the Cooling and Heat Source of higher temperature can be used as the Cooling and Heat Source of in cooler 121, cold-producing medium being cooled off usefulness.And, in the aircondition 1 of this example, owing to be provided with cooling circuit 122, till the refrigerant pressure of the suction side that it can be turned back to compressing mechanism 21 so a part that is sent to the cold-producing medium that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c from heat source side heat exchanger 23 can be reduced pressure, and this cold-producing medium is used as the cooling source of cooler 121, therefore, can obtain temperature is depressurized than in heat source side expansion valve 24 and is sent to the fully low cooling source of refrigerant temperature that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c.Therefore, can will be depressurized in the heat source side expansion valve 23 and be sent to the refrigerant cools of utilizing side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c and be till the state of cooling.And, cooling circuit 122 cool back trackside expansion valve 122b, for example carry out aperture adjusting etc., and be sent to the flow of the cold-producing medium that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c and temperature according to downstream and carry out aperture and regulate from heat source side expansion valve 24 according to the degree of superheat of cooler 121 (utilize and come computing) by the 96 detected refrigerant temperatures of the cooling circuit outlet temperature sensor on the delivery line 122c that is located at cooling circuit 122.
(cooling and warming is operation mode (evaporation load) simultaneously)
Now to use for example use unit 3 to carry out cooling operation in the unit 3,4,5 and be to use cooling and warming that unit 4,5 heats running simultaneously operation mode, the action of (evaporation operating condition) describes when promptly making the heat source side heat exchanger 23 of heat source unit 2 play evaporator function to turn round according to the air conditioner load that uses unit 3,4,5 integral body.At this moment, the refrigerant loop 12 of aircondition 1 constitutes (for flowing of cold-producing medium, with reference to the arrow in the refrigerant loop 12 that is marked on Fig. 6) as shown in Figure 6.Specifically, in the heat source side refrigerant loop 12d of heat source unit 2, identical with the above-mentioned operation mode that heats, by the 1st switching mechanism 22 being switched to evaporation operating condition (state shown in the dotted line of the 1st switching mechanism 22 among Fig. 6), the 2nd switching mechanism 26 switched to heat burden requirement operating condition (state shown in the dotted line of the 2nd switching mechanism 26 among Fig. 6), thereby make heat source side heat exchanger 23 play evaporator function, and the high-pressure gas refrigerant that is compressed discharge in the compressing mechanism 22 can be supplied to use unit 4 by high-pressure gas refrigerant connection pipe arrangement 10,5.In addition, heat source side expansion valve 24 is adjusted to by aperture cold-producing medium is reduced pressure.And add the open and close valve 111b of hydraulic circuit 111 and the trackside expansion valve 122b that cools back of cooling circuit 122 is closed, become following state: make the gas refrigerant of high pressure and flow through heat source side expansion valve 24 and storage tank 25 between cold-producing medium interflow, or the Cooling and Heat Source of blocking-up supply cooler 121, to flowing through storage tank 25 and using the cold-producing medium between the unit 3,4,5 not cool off.In linkage unit 6, by closing gases at high pressure open and close valve 66 and opening low-pressure gas open and close valve 67, use the side heat exchanger 32 that utilizes of unit 3 to play evaporator function, use the suction side of the compressing mechanism 21 that utilizes side heat exchanger 32 and heat source unit 2 of unit 3 to be connected simultaneously by low-pressure refrigerant gas connection pipe arrangement 11.In using unit 3, utilize side expansion valve 31 for example (specifically according to the degree of superheat of utilizing side heat exchanger 32, be by hydraulic fluid side temperature sensor 33 detected refrigerant temperatures with by the temperature difference of gas side temperature sensor 34 detected refrigerant temperatures) carry out aperture adjusting etc., and carry out aperture according to the cooling load that uses the unit and regulate.In linkage unit 7,8,, just use the side heat exchanger 42,52 that utilizes of unit 4,5 to play condenser function by closing low-pressure gas open and close valve 77,87 and opening gases at high pressure open and close valve 76,86.In using unit 4,5, utilize side expansion valve 41,51 for example (specifically according to the supercooling degree that utilizes side heat exchanger 42,52, be by hydraulic fluid side temperature sensor 43,53 detected refrigerant temperatures with by the temperature difference of gas side temperature sensor 44,54 detected refrigerant temperatures) carry out aperture adjusting etc., and use the load that heats of unit to carry out aperture and regulate according to each.
In the structure of this refrigerant loop 12, gas refrigerant by the high pressure after the compressor 21a compression discharge of compressing mechanism 21, in oil eliminator 21b, be present in the most of separated of refrigerator oil in the high-pressure gas refrigerant and be sent in the 2nd switching mechanism 26.And separated refrigerator oil is returned to the suction side of compressor 21a among the oil eliminator 21b through the 2nd oil return loop 21d.Be sent to the high-pressure gas refrigerant in the 2nd switching mechanism 26, be sent to high-pressure gas refrigerant through the 1st opening 26a of the 2nd switching mechanism 26 and the 4th opening 26d and high pressure gas side gate valve 28 and be communicated with in the pipe arrangement 10.
And, be sent to high-pressure gas refrigerant and be communicated with high-pressure gas refrigerant in the pipe arrangement 10 and be divided into two the tunnel and be sent in the gases at high pressure tube connector 73,83 of each linkage unit 7,8.Be sent to the high-pressure gas refrigerant in the gases at high pressure tube connector 73,83 of linkage unit 7,8, be sent to through gases at high pressure open and close valve 76,86 and interflow gas connection pipe 75,85 and use the utilizing in the side heat exchanger 42,52 of unit 4,5.
Be sent to the high-pressure gas refrigerant that utilizes in the side heat exchanger 42,52, using utilizing in the side heat exchanger 42,52 of unit 4,5 to be condensed by carrying out heat exchange with air within doors.On the other hand, supply within doors after air within doors is heated.Condensed cold-producing medium is sent in the liquid tube connector 71,81 of linkage unit 7,8 through after utilizing side expansion valve 41,51 in utilizing side heat exchanger 42,52.
And the cold-producing medium that is sent in the liquid tube connector 71,81 is sent to interflow in the liquid refrigerant connection pipe arrangement 9.
A part that is sent to the cold-producing medium behind the interflow in the liquid refrigerant connection pipe arrangement 9 is sent in the liquid tube connector 61 of linkage unit 6.And delivering to cold-producing medium in the liquid tube connector 6 of linkage unit 6 is sent to and uses the utilizing in the side expansion valve 31 of unit 3.
Be sent to the cold-producing medium that utilizes side expansion valve 31 by after utilizing 31 decompressions of side expansion valve, in utilizing side heat exchanger 32 by carrying out the gas refrigerant that low pressure is evaporated and become in heat exchange with air within doors.On the other hand, air within doors is cooled and is fed within doors.And the gas refrigerant of low pressure is sent in the interflow gas connection pipe 65 of linkage unit 6.
Be sent to the low-pressure refrigerant gas of interflow in the gas connection pipe 65, be sent to low-pressure refrigerant gas through low-pressure gas open and close valve 67 and low-pressure gas tube connector 64 and be communicated with interflow in the pipe arrangement 11.
And, be sent to the low-pressure refrigerant gas in the low-pressure refrigerant gas connection pipe arrangement 11, turn back to the suction side of compressing mechanism 21 through low pressure gas side gate valve 29.
On the other hand, except being communicated with the remaining cold-producing medium after pipe arrangement 9 is delivered to linkage unit 6 and used cold-producing medium the unit 3 from liquid refrigerant, be sent in the storage tank 25 through the hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27 of heat source unit 2 and cooler 121.Deliver to cold-producing medium in the storage tank 25 in temporarily being trapped in storage tank 25 after, by 24 decompressions of heat source side expansion valve.Be evaporated by carrying out heat exchange in heat source side heat exchanger 23 by heat source side expansion valve 24 post-decompression cold-producing mediums, and become the gas refrigerant of low pressure, be sent in the 1st switching mechanism 22 with water as thermal source.Be sent to the suction side that the low-pressure refrigerant gas in the 1st switching mechanism 22 is returned to compressing mechanism 21 through the 2nd opening 22b and the 3rd opening 22c of the 1st switching mechanism 22.Like this, can carry out the cooling and warming action of operation mode (evaporation load) simultaneously.
At this moment, according to each air conditioner load that uses unit 3,4,5 integral body, though need evaporation load as heat source side heat exchanger 23, its size becomes very little sometimes.In this occasion, identical with the above-mentioned operation mode that heats, must reduce the cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 of heat source unit 2 evaporability, make itself and the air conditioner load balance of using unit 3,4,5 integral body.Especially, in this cooling and warming while operation mode, use the cooling load of unit 3 sometimes and use heating of unit 4,5 to load to be in the load of roughly the same degree,, must do the evaporation load of heat source side heat exchanger 23 very little in this occasion.
But, in the aircondition 1 of this example, because in refrigerator oil that uses the cooperation that in the temperature range of (preferably below the minimum of evaporating temperature) below 30 ℃, is not separated into two layers and cold-producing medium (promptly using refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium that when the heat source side heat exchanger plays evaporator function, in the heat source side heat exchanger, is not separated into two layers cooperation), the 1st oil return loop 101 is set, therefore, as described in, can prevent the accumulating of refrigerator oil in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 in the above-mentioned action specification that heats operation mode.
(cooling and warming is operation mode (condensation load) simultaneously)
Now to use for example use unit 3,4 to carry out cooling operation in the unit 3,4,5 and when being to use cooling and warming that unit 5 heats running operation mode promptly making the heat source side heat exchanger 23 of heat source unit 2 play condenser function to turn round according to the air conditioner load that uses unit 3,4,5 integral body simultaneously the action of (condensation operating condition) describe.At this moment, the refrigerant loop 12 of aircondition 1 constitutes (for flowing of cold-producing medium, with reference to the arrow in the refrigerant loop 12 that is marked on Fig. 7) as shown in Figure 7.Specifically, in the heat source side refrigerant loop 12d of heat source unit 2, by the 1st switching mechanism 22 being switched to condensation operating condition (state shown in the solid line of the 1st switching mechanism 22 among Fig. 7), the 2nd switching mechanism 26 switched to heat burden requirement operating condition (state shown in the dotted line of the 2nd switching mechanism 26 among Fig. 7), thereby make heat source side heat exchanger 23 play evaporator function, and the high-pressure gas refrigerant that is compressed discharge in the compressing mechanism 21 can be supplied to use unit 5 through high-pressure gas refrigerant connection pipe arrangement 10.In addition, heat source side expansion valve 24 is in the state that is opened.And the open and close valve 101b in the 1st oil return loop 101 is closed, and is in not refrigerator oil to be emitted from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 with cold-producing medium and to turn back to the state of the action of compressing mechanism 21.In linkage unit 6,7, by closing gases at high pressure open and close valve 66,76 and opening low-pressure gas open and close valve 67,77, use the side heat exchanger 32,42 that utilizes of unit 3,4 to play evaporator function and become, use the suction side of the compressing mechanism 21 that utilizes side heat exchanger 32,42 and heat source unit 2 of unit 3,4 to be communicated with the state that pipe arrangement 11 is connected simultaneously by low-pressure refrigerant gas.In using unit 3,4, utilize side expansion valve 31,41 for example (specifically according to the degree of superheat of utilizing side heat exchanger 32,42, be by hydraulic fluid side temperature sensor 33,43 detected refrigerant temperatures with by the temperature difference of gas side temperature sensor 34,44 detected refrigerant temperatures) carry out aperture adjusting etc., use the cooling load of unit to carry out aperture according to each and regulate.In linkage unit 8,, just use the side heat exchanger 52 that utilizes of unit 5 to play condenser function by closing low-pressure gas open and close valve 87 and opening gases at high pressure open and close valve 86.In using unit 5, utilize side expansion valve 51 for example (specifically according to the supercooling degree that utilizes side heat exchanger 52, be by hydraulic fluid side temperature sensor 53 detected refrigerant temperatures with by the temperature difference of gas side temperature sensor 54 detected refrigerant temperatures) carry out aperture adjusting etc., carry out aperture and regulate according to the load that heats that uses the unit.
In the structure of this refrigerant loop 12, gas refrigerant by the high pressure after the compressor 21a compression discharge of compressing mechanism 21, in oil eliminator 21b, be present in the most of separated of refrigerator oil in the high-pressure gas refrigerant and be sent in the 1st switching mechanism 22 and the 2nd switching mechanism 26.And separated refrigerator oil is returned to the suction side of compressor 21a among the oil eliminator 21b through the 2nd oil return loop 21d.And, be sent to the high-pressure gas refrigerant in the 1st switching mechanism 22 in the high-pressure gas refrigerant of discharging by compressing mechanism 21 compression, be sent in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 through the 1st opening 22a of the 1st switching mechanism 22 and the 2nd opening 22b.Being sent to high-pressure gas refrigerant in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 is condensed by carrying out heat exchange with water as thermal source in heat source side heat exchanger 23.The cold-producing medium that is condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 collaborates (in detail as described later) through adding hydraulic circuit 111 with the high-pressure gas refrigerant of being discharged by compressing mechanism 21 compressions, and is sent to storage tank 25 behind process heat source side expansion valve 24.Be sent to and be sent to cooler 121 after cold-producing medium in the storage tank 25 temporarily is trapped in the storage tank 25.The cold-producing medium that is sent in the cooler 121 is cooled (in detail as described later) by carrying out heat exchange with the cold-producing medium that flows through cooling circuit 122.The cold-producing medium that is cooled in cooler 121 is sent to liquid refrigerant through hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27 and is communicated with in the pipe arrangement 9.
Another side is sent to high-pressure gas refrigerant in the 2nd switching mechanism 26 and is sent to high-pressure gas refrigerant through the 1st opening 26a of the 2nd switching mechanism 26 and the 4th opening 26d and high pressure gas side gate valve 28 and is communicated with in the pipe arrangement 10 in the high-pressure gas refrigerant of being discharged by compressing mechanism 21 compression.
And the high-pressure gas refrigerant that is sent in the high-pressure gas refrigerant connection pipe arrangement 10 is sent in the gases at high pressure tube connector 83 of linkage unit 8.Being sent to high-pressure gas refrigerant in the gases at high pressure tube connector 83 of linkage unit 8 is sent to through gases at high pressure open and close valve 86 and interflow gas connection pipe 85 and uses the utilizing in the side heat exchanger 52 of unit 5.
Be sent to the high-pressure gas refrigerant that utilizes in the side heat exchanger 52, using utilizing in the side heat exchanger 52 of unit 5 to be condensed by carrying out heat exchange with air within doors.On the other hand, air is heated and is fed within doors within doors.Condensed cold-producing medium is sent in the liquid tube connector 81 of linkage unit 8 through after utilizing side expansion valve 51 in utilizing side heat exchanger 52.
Be sent to cold-producing medium in the liquid tube connector 81 and be sent to liquid refrigerant and be communicated with in the pipe arrangement 9, and through the 1st switching mechanism 22, heat source side heat exchanger 23, heat source side expansion valve 24, storage tank 25, cooler 121 and hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27 and with deliver to the cold-producing medium that liquid refrigerant is communicated with in the pipe arrangement 9 and collaborate.
Flow through cold-producing medium difference that this liquid refrigerant is communicated with pipe arrangement 9 and become two the tunnel and be sent in the liquid tube connector 61,71 of each linkage unit 6,7.And, be sent to being sent to of cold-producing medium behind the liquid tube connector 61,71 of linkage unit 6,7 and use utilizing in the side expansion valve 31,41 of unit 3,4.
Be sent to the cold-producing medium that utilizes in the side expansion valve 31,41 through after utilizing 31,41 decompressions of side expansion valve, in utilizing side heat exchanger 32,42, evaporate and become low-pressure refrigerant gas by carrying out heat exchange with air within doors.On the other hand, air within doors is cooled and supplies within doors.And low-pressure refrigerant gas is sent in the interflow gas connection pipe 65,75 of linkage unit 6,7.
Being sent to the low-pressure refrigerant gas of interflow in the gas connection pipe 65,75 is sent to low-pressure refrigerant gas and is communicated with pipe arrangement 11 and collaborates through low-pressure gas open and close valve 67,77 and low-pressure gas tube connector 64,74.
And, be sent to low-pressure refrigerant gas and be communicated with low-pressure refrigerant gas in the pipe arrangement 11 is returned to compressing mechanism 21 through low pressure gas side gate valve 29 suction side.Like this, can carry out the cooling and warming action of operation mode (condensation load) simultaneously.
At this moment, according to each air conditioner load that uses unit 3,4,5 integral body, the condensation load of heat source side heat exchanger 23 is necessary, but its size is sometimes very little.In this occasion, identical with above-mentioned cooling operation pattern, the condensation ability that must reduce the cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 of heat source unit 2 makes itself and the air conditioner load balance of using unit 3,4,5 integral body.Especially in this cooling and warming while operation mode, using the cooling load of unit 3,4 sometimes and using heating of unit 5 to load becomes the load of roughly the same degree, in this occasion, must do the condensation load of heat source side heat exchanger 23 very little.
But, in the aircondition 1 of this example, by reducing the control of heat source side expansion valve 24 apertures, and make high-pressure gas refrigerant through adding hydraulic circuit 111 and interflow, heat source side expansion valve 24 downstreams, thereby just can improve the control of the refrigerant pressure in heat source side expansion valve 24 downstreams, and be sent to after by 121 pairs in cooler and utilize side refrigerant loop 12a by 24 decompressions of heat source side expansion valve, the cold-producing medium of 12b cools off, therefore, can make the gas refrigerant condensation, the cold-producing medium of gas-liquid two-phase flow body that can be or not gas ratio is not big is delivered to and is utilized side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b.
(3) feature of aircondition
The aircondition 1 of this example has following feature.
(A) in the aircondition 1 of this example, have heat source side refrigerant loop 12d and a plurality of refrigerant loop 12 that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c to be formed by connecting, and heat source side refrigerant loop 12d has the heat source side heat exchanger 23 for cold-producing medium is flowed out from upside from following side inflow, as refrigerator oil that is used for this refrigerant loop 12 and cold-producing medium, use the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium that in the temperature range of (preferably below the minimum of evaporating temperature) below 30 ℃, are not separated into two layers cooperation.Here, be the occasion of thermal source at thermal source with water or air or salt solution, the evaporating temperature of the cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 is the temperature of (and more than minimum of evaporating temperature) below 30 ℃.That is,, use the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium that when the heat source side heat exchanger plays evaporator function, in the heat source side heat exchanger, are not separated into two layers cooperation as refrigerator oil that is used for this refrigerant loop and cold-producing medium.Therefore, in aircondition 1, refrigerator oil is not detained with the state that floats on the cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger 23, and is trapped in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 with the state with refrigerant mixed.And, be trapped in the refrigerator oil in the heat source side heat exchanger 23, the 1st oil return loop 101 through being connected heat source side heat exchanger 23 bottoms and turn back to the suction side of compressing mechanism 21 with cold-producing medium.Therefore, needn't the cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger be maintained in certain above height for preventing that refrigerator oil from accumulating in the heat source side heat exchanger as aircondition in the past.
Thus, in aircondition 1, by reduce the aperture of heat source side expansion valve 24 according to a plurality of air conditioner loads that utilize side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c, reduce the control of the evaporability of heat source side heat exchanger 23, its result, even the cold-producing medium liquid levels in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 descend, refrigerator oil does not accumulate in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 yet, so can enlarge the control range when by the heat source side expansion valve evaporability of heat source side heat exchanger 23 being controlled.
And, in aircondition 1, owing to needn't as aircondition in the past, a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers be set, make the heat source side heat exchanger play the occasion of evaporator function, carry out reducing evaporability by the part of a plurality of heat source side expansion valves being closed the platform number that plays the heat source side heat exchanger of evaporator function with minimizing, or play condenser function by a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers, reduce the control of evaporability with the evaporability counteracting of the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function, so can utilize single heat source side heat exchanger to obtain the control range of the evaporability of wide region.
Thus, can not realize the aircondition of heat source side heat exchanger unification for restriction because of the control range of the control of the evaporability of heat source side heat exchanger, but because heat source side heat exchanger unification, so can prevent from aircondition in the past to rise because of increase and cost that the part number that a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers cause is set, in addition, play condenser function to reduce the occasion of evaporability in a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers, can eliminate following problem: the refrigerant compressed amount is corresponding in the compressing mechanism is increased in condensed refrigerant amount in the heat source side heat exchanger, thereby makes a plurality of air conditioner load COP variation under less operating condition of utilizing side refrigerant loop integral body.
(B) in the aircondition 1 of this example, open and close valve 101b is being located in the 1st oil return loop 101 and is making heat source side heat exchanger 23 play the occasion of condenser function, by under the state of closing open and close valve 101b, turning round, be sent to the phenomenon of the refrigerant amount minimizing that utilizes among side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, the 12c after can preventing from heat source side heat exchanger 23, to be condensed.
In addition, in aircondition 1, cold-producing medium liquid level in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 does not accumulate at refrigerator oil, when being lower than necessarily above height, needn't use the 1st oil return loop 101, so will be set at the regulation aperture with aperture that can the corresponding heat source side expansion valve 24 of cold-producing medium liquid level that accumulates of generation refrigerator oil heat source side heat exchanger 23 in, only being in this regulation aperture in the aperture of heat source side expansion valve 24 opens open and close valve 101b when following and turns round, can in heat source side heat exchanger 23, not evaporate, can prevent to be sent to the increase of the refrigerant amount in the compressing mechanism 21.
(C)
In the aircondition 1 of this example, as heat source side heat exchanger 23, use heat-exchangers of the plate type, on its structure, in order to prevent that refrigerator oil from accumulating in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 and the refrigerator oil that will be detained with the state that floats on the cold-producing medium liquid level be difficult from emitting near the cold-producing medium liquid level.But, in the aircondition 1 of this example, refrigerator oil is trapped in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 with the state with refrigerant mixed, as long as the refrigerator oil that will be trapped in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 is emitted with the bottom of cold-producing medium from heat source side heat exchanger 23, even, the 1st oil return loop 101 is set easily also so use the occasion of heat-exchangers of the plate type.
(D)
In the aircondition 1 of this example, cold-producing medium after being condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 that is playing condenser function is through heat source side expansion valve 24 decompression and be sent to when utilizing side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c, high-pressure gas refrigerant uprises the refrigerant pressure in the downstream of heat source side expansion valve 24 from adding hydraulic circuit 111 with its interflow and to its pressurization.Here, if as aircondition in the past, just make the high-pressure gas refrigerant interflow, then be sent to and utilize side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, the cold-producing medium of 12c just becomes the big gas-liquid two-phase flow body of gas ratio, the result, can not be controlled to the aperture of heat source side expansion valve 24 fully little, but in aircondition 1, owing to deliver to after by 121 pairs in cooler and to utilize side refrigerant loop 12a by 24 decompressions of heat source side expansion valve, 12b, cold-producing medium among the 12c cools off, so can make the gas refrigerant condensation, will the big gas-liquid two-phase flow body of gas ratio do not deliver to and utilize side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c.
Thus, in aircondition 1, reduce the control of the condensation ability of heat source side heat exchanger 23 by the aperture that reduces heat source side expansion valve 24 according to a plurality of air conditioner loads that utilize side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c, and utilize and add the control that hydraulic circuit 111 makes high-pressure gas refrigerant interflow, pressurization, the cold-producing medium of gas-liquid two-phase flow body that can be or not gas ratio is not big is delivered to and is utilized side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c, so can enlarge the control range when being controlled by the evaporability of 24 pairs of heat source side heat exchangers 23 of heat source side expansion valve.
And, in aircondition 1, owing to needn't as aircondition in the past, a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers be set, make the heat source side heat exchanger play the occasion of condenser function, carry out reducing evaporability by the part of a plurality of heat source side expansion valves being closed the platform number that plays the heat source side heat exchanger of evaporator function with minimizing, or play condenser function by a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers, reduce the control of evaporability with the evaporability counteracting of the heat source side heat exchanger that plays evaporator function, so can utilize single heat source side heat exchanger to obtain the control range of the evaporability of wide region.
Thus, can not realize the aircondition of heat source side heat exchanger unification for restriction because of the control range of the control of the condensation ability of heat source side heat exchanger, but because heat source side heat exchanger unification, so can prevent from aircondition in the past to rise because of increase and cost that the part number that a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers cause is set, in addition, play evaporator function to reduce the occasion of condensation ability in a part that makes a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers, can eliminate following problem: in compressing mechanism the corresponding increase of refrigerant compressed amount by condensed refrigerant amount in the heat source side heat exchanger, the COP variation under the less operating condition of a plurality of air conditioner loads that utilize side refrigerant loop integral body.
(E)
In the aircondition 1 of this example, connect into high-pressure gas refrigerant is collaborated between heat source side expansion valve 24 and cooler 121 owing to will add hydraulic circuit 111, so cool off because of high-pressure gas refrigerant collaborates the cold-producing mediums that the temperature of cold-producing medium uprises by 121 pairs in cooler.Thus,, the Cooling and Heat Source of low temperature needn't be used, the Cooling and Heat Source of higher temperature can be used as the Cooling and Heat Source of in cooler 121, cold-producing medium being cooled off usefulness.
In addition, in aircondition 1, cold-producing medium owing to will reduce pressure from the part that the cold-producing medium that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c is sent in the downstream of heat source side expansion valve 24 behind the refrigerant pressure that can turn back to compressing mechanism 21 suction sides is sent to the also enough low cooling source of refrigerant temperature that utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c as the cooling source of cooler 121 so can obtain temperature than from heat source side expansion valve 24 downstreams.Thus, can utilize the refrigerant cools of side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c to be the state of cooling with being sent to from heat source side expansion valve 24 downstreams.
(F)
In the aircondition 1 of this example, will be irrelevant and supply with a certain amount of water and be used as thermal source with the flow-control of flowing through the cold-producing medium in the heat source side heat exchanger 23, can not control the evaporability in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 by water yield control.But, in aircondition 1, owing to can enlarge the control range when controlling by the evaporability of 24 pairs of heat source side heat exchangers 23 of heat source side expansion valve or condensation ability, therefore, even do not control the water yield, also can guarantee the control range the when evaporability of heat source side heat exchanger 23 controlled.
(4) variation 1
In above-mentioned aircondition 1, can carry out the aircondition that cooling and warming turns round simultaneously in order to constitute, heat source unit 2 is connected by cold-producing medium connection pipe arrangement 9,10,11 and linkage unit 6,7,8 with using unit 3,4,5, but as shown in Figure 8, also can only heat source unit 2 be connected with use unit 3,4,5, constitute the aircondition that can carry out cold and hot switching running by cold-producing medium connecting pipings 9,10.Specifically, in the aircondition 1 of this variation, omit low-pressure refrigerant gas required in the time of to carry out the cooling and warming running and be communicated with pipe arrangement 11 and linkage unit 6,7,8, to use unit 3,4,5 directly are communicated with pipe arrangement 10 with liquid refrigerant connection pipe arrangement 9 and high-pressure gas refrigerant is connected, switching by the 2nd switching mechanism 26, high-pressure gas refrigerant connection pipe arrangement 10 is played to be made from using unit 3,4,5 turn back to the function of the pipe arrangement that low-pressure refrigerant gas flow through of heat source unit 2, maybe can make high-pressure gas refrigerant connection pipe arrangement 10 play to make from heat source unit 2 and supply to use unit 3,4, the function of 5 the pipe arrangement that high-pressure gas refrigerant flow through.
Below, the action (heating operation mode and cooling operation pattern) of the aircondition 1 of this variation is described.
At first, illustrate and heat operation mode.When using unit 3,4,5 all to heat running, the refrigerant loop 12 of aircondition 1 constitutes (for flowing of cold-producing medium, with reference to the arrow that is marked on Fig. 9 refrigerant loop 12) as shown in Figure 9.Specifically, in the heat source side refrigerant loop 12d of heat source unit 2, by the 1st switching mechanism 22 being switched to evaporation operating condition (state shown in the dotted line of the 1st switching mechanism 22 of Fig. 9), the 2nd switching mechanism 26 switched to heat burden requirement operating condition (state shown in the dotted line of the 2nd switching mechanism 26 of Fig. 9), thereby make heat source side heat exchanger 23 play evaporator function, and can be communicated with pipe arrangement 10 by high-pressure gas refrigerant and compressing mechanism 21 is compressed the high-pressure gas refrigerant of discharging supply to and use unit 3,4,5.In addition, heat source side expansion valve 24 is adjusted to by aperture cold-producing medium is reduced pressure.And add the open and close valve 111b of hydraulic circuit 111 and the trackside expansion valve 122b that cools back of cooling circuit 122 is closed, be in following state: make high-pressure gas refrigerant and flow through heat source side expansion valve 24 and storage tank 25 between cold-producing medium interflow, maybe will supply to the Cooling and Heat Source blocking-up of cooler 121, not to flowing through storage tank 25 and using the cold-producing medium between the unit 3,4,5 to cool off.In using unit 3,4,5, utilize side expansion valve 31,41,51 for example (specifically according to the degree of supercooling of utilizing side heat exchanger 32,42,52, be by hydraulic fluid side temperature sensor 33,43,53 detected refrigerant temperatures with by the temperature difference of gas side temperature sensor 34,44,54 detected refrigerant temperatures) carry out aperture adjusting etc., use the load that heats of unit to carry out aperture and regulate according to each.
In the structure of this refrigerant loop 12, compressor 21a by compressing mechanism 21 compresses the high-pressure gas refrigerant process oil eliminator 21b that discharges, after being present in refrigerator oil in the high-pressure gas refrigerant most of separated, cold-producing medium is sent in the 2nd switching mechanism 26.And the refrigerator oil after separating in oil eliminator 21b turns back to the suction side of compressor 21a through the 2nd oil return loop 21d.Being sent to high-pressure gas refrigerant in the 2nd switching mechanism 26 is sent to high-pressure gas refrigerant through the 1st opening 26a of the 2nd switching mechanism 26 and the 4th opening 26d and high pressure gas side gate valve 28 and is communicated with in the pipe arrangement 10.
Being sent to high-pressure gas refrigerant is communicated with high-pressure gas refrigerant difference in the pipe arrangement 10 and becomes three the tunnel and be sent to and use the utilizing in the side heat exchanger 32,42,52 of unit 3,4,5.
Be sent to the high-pressure gas refrigerant that utilizes in the side heat exchanger 32,42,52, using utilizing in the side heat exchanger 32,42,52 of unit 3,4,5 to be condensed by carrying out heat exchange with air within doors.On the other hand, supply within doors after air within doors is heated.Cold-producing medium after being condensed in utilizing side heat exchanger 32,42,52 is sent to liquid refrigerant and is communicated with pipe arrangement 9 interflow through after utilizing side expansion valve 31,41,51.
Be sent to cold-producing medium that liquid refrigerant is communicated with pipe arrangement 9 interflow and be sent to storage tank 25 through the hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27 of heat source unit 2 and cooler 121.Be sent to after cold-producing medium in the storage tank 25 temporarily is trapped in storage tank 25, through 24 decompressions of heat source side expansion valve.Through heat source side expansion valve 24 post-decompression cold-producing mediums, in heat source side heat exchanger 23, be evaporated into and be low-pressure refrigerant gas, and be sent to the 1st switching mechanism 22 by carrying out heat exchange with water as thermal source.The low-pressure refrigerant gas that is sent to the 1st switching mechanism 22 is through the 2nd opening 22b of the 1st switching mechanism 22 and the 3rd opening 22c and turn back to the suction side of compressing mechanism 21.Like this, heat the action of operation mode.
In this occasion, each uses unit 3,4,5 to heat load sometimes very little, but owing to use the refrigerator oil of the cooperation in the temperature range of (preferably below the minimum of evaporating temperature) below 30 ℃, be not separated into two layers and cold-producing medium (promptly, use the refrigerator oil and the cold-producing medium that when the heat source side heat exchanger plays evaporator function, in the heat source side heat exchanger, are not separated into two layers cooperation), and the 1st oil return loop 101 is set, so the aircondition that turns round simultaneously with above-mentioned carried out cooling and warming to heat operation mode identical, can prevent accumulating of refrigerator oil that heat source side heat exchanger 23 is interior.
Below, the cooling operation pattern is described.When using unit 3,4,5 all to carry out cooling operation, the refrigerant loop 12 of aircondition 1 constitutes (for flowing of cold-producing medium, with reference to the arrow on the refrigerant loop 12 that is marked on Figure 10) as shown in Figure 10.Specifically, in the heat source side refrigerant loop 12d of heat source unit 2, by the 1st switching mechanism 22 being switched to condensation operating condition (state shown in the solid line of the 1st switching mechanism 22 of Figure 10), cooling operation state (state shown in the solid line of the 2nd switching mechanism 26 of Figure 10) when the 2nd switching mechanism 26 is switched to the changes in temperature switching, thereby can make heat source side heat exchanger 23 play condenser function, can be communicated with pipe arrangement 10 through high-pressure gas refrigerant simultaneously will be from using unit 3,4,5 low-pressure refrigerant gas that turn back to heat source unit 2 are delivered to the suction side of compressing mechanism 21.In addition, heat source side expansion valve 24 is in the state that is opened.The open and close valve 101b in the 1st oil return loop 101 is closed, and is in not carry out refrigerator oil emitted from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 with cold-producing medium and turn back to the state of the action of compressing mechanism 21.In using unit 3,4,5, utilize side expansion valve 31,41,51 for example (specifically according to the degree of superheat of utilizing side heat exchanger 32,42,52, temperature difference by hydraulic fluid side temperature sensor 33,43,53 detected refrigerant temperatures and gas side temperature sensor 34,44,54 detected refrigerant temperatures) carries out aperture adjusting etc., use the cooling load of unit to carry out aperture according to each and regulate.
In the structure of this refrigerant loop 12, compressor 21a by compressing mechanism 21 compresses the high-pressure gas refrigerant of discharging, be present in the most of separated of refrigerator oil in the high-pressure gas refrigerant in oil eliminator 21b, cold-producing medium is sent in the 1st switching mechanism 22.And the refrigerator oil after separating in oil eliminator 21b turns back to the suction side of compressor 21a through the 2nd oil return loop 21d.The high-pressure gas refrigerant that is sent to the 1st switching mechanism 22 is through the 1st opening 22a of the 1st switching mechanism 22 and the 2nd opening 22b and be sent in the heat source side heat exchanger 23.Be sent to the high-pressure gas refrigerant in the heat source side heat exchanger 23, in heat source side heat exchanger 23, be condensed by carrying out heat exchange with water as thermal source.The cold-producing medium that is condensed in heat source side heat exchanger 23 collaborates with the high-pressure gas refrigerant of being discharged by compressing mechanism 21 compressions that comes self-pressurization loop 111 behind process heat source side expansion valve 24, is sent to then in the storage tank 25.Be sent to and be sent to cooler 121 after cold-producing medium in the storage tank 25 temporarily is trapped in the storage tank 25.The cold-producing medium that is sent in the cooler 121 is cooled by carrying out heat exchange with the cold-producing medium that flows through cooling circuit 122.Cold-producing medium after being cooled in cooler 121 is sent to liquid refrigerant through hydraulic fluid side gate valve 27 and is communicated with in the pipe arrangement 9.
Being sent to liquid refrigerant is communicated with cold-producing medium difference in the pipe arrangement 9 and becomes three the tunnel and be sent to and use the utilizing in the side expansion valve 31,41,51 of unit 3,4,5.
Be sent to the cold-producing medium that utilizes in the side expansion valve 31,41,51 after utilizing 31,41,51 decompressions of side expansion valve, in utilizing side heat exchanger 32,42,52, be evaporated into and be low-pressure refrigerant gas by carrying out heat exchange with air within doors.On the other hand, supply within doors after air is cooled within doors.And low-pressure refrigerant gas is sent to high-pressure gas refrigerant and is communicated with interflow in the pipe arrangement 10.
Be sent to that high-pressure gas refrigerant is communicated with in the pipe arrangement 10 and the low-pressure refrigerant gas behind the interflow, turn back to the suction side of compressing mechanism 21 through the 4th opening 26d of high pressure gas side gate valve 28 and the 2nd switching mechanism 26 and the 3rd opening 26c.Like this, carry out the action of cooling operation pattern.
In this occasion, each uses unit 3,4,5 cooling load is also very little sometimes, but the control by reducing heat source side expansion valve 24 apertures and by adding the interflow, downstream that hydraulic circuit 111 makes high-pressure gas refrigerant and heat source side expansion valve 24, just can improve the control of the refrigerant pressure in heat source side expansion valve 24 downstreams, be sent to by 24 decompressions of heat source side expansion valve simultaneously and utilize side refrigerant loop 12a by 121 pairs in cooler, 12b, the cold-producing medium of 12c cools off, therefore, the cooling operation pattern of the aircondition that turns round simultaneously with above-mentioned carried out cooling and warming is identical, can make the gas refrigerant condensation, the cold-producing medium of gas-liquid two-phase flow body that can be or not gas ratio is not big is sent to and utilizes side refrigerant loop 12a, 12b, 12c.
(5) variation 2
In above-mentioned aircondition 1, the control range that the control range of controlling for the evaporability that enlarges 24 pairs of heat source side heat exchangers 23 of heat source side expansion valve simultaneously and the condensation ability of 24 pairs of heat source side heat exchangers 23 of heat source side expansion valve are controlled, be provided with the 1st oil return loop 101 at heat source unit 2, add hydraulic circuit 111, cooler 121 and cooling circuit 122, though for example guaranteed the control range of the condensation ability control of heat source side heat exchanger 23, but occasion in the control range of the evaporability control that only need enlarge heat source side heat exchanger 23, as shown in figure 11, the 1st oil return loop 101 also can only be set in heat source unit 2 (that is, also can omit and add hydraulic circuit 111, cooler 121 and cooling circuit 122).
(6) variation 3
In above-mentioned aircondition 1, used four-way switching valve as the 1st switching mechanism 22 and the 2nd switching mechanism 26, but be not limited thereto, for example, as shown in figure 12, also can use triple valve as the 1st switching mechanism 22 and the 2nd switching mechanism 26.
(7) variation 4
In above-mentioned aircondition 1, turn back to the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism 21 and the flow of cold-producing medium from heat source side heat exchanger 23 bottoms of playing evaporator function through the 1st oil return loop 101, depend on the bottom of the heat source side heat exchanger 23 that plays evaporator function in the 1st oil return loop 101 and the pressure loss between the compressing mechanism 21, therefore, in for example playing the heat source side heat exchanger 23 of evaporator function or from refrigerant outlet side to the pressure loss in the pipe arrangement between the suction side of compressing mechanism 21 of heat source side heat exchanger 23, diminish, the occasions that the pressure loss in the 1st oil return loop 101 diminishes etc. produce following situation sometimes: can't will prevent that refrigerator oil and cold-producing medium that refrigerator oil accumulates in enough flows required in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 from turning back to the compressing mechanism 21 through the bottom of the 1st oil return loop 101 from heat source side heat exchanger 23.
Even in this occasion, in order to prevent that refrigerator oil from accumulating in the refrigerator oil of enough flows required in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 and cold-producing medium and turning back to the compressing mechanism 21 through the 1st oil return loop 101 from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23, as shown in figure 13, the mechanism of decompressor 131 between the suction side of the refrigerant outlet side that is connected the heat source side heat exchanger 23 that plays evaporator function and compressing mechanism 21 also can be set, be returned to after it can evaporate in heat source side heat exchanger 23 compressing mechanism 21 the suction side gas refrigerant with turn back to the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism 21 and cold-producing medium interflow from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 through the 1st oil return loop 101 before cold-producing medium is reduced pressure.
The mechanism of decompressor 131 mainly comprises: by the open and close valve 131a that constitutes with the magnetic valve that the 3rd opening 22c of the 1st switching mechanism 22 is connected with pipe arrangement that the suction side of compressing mechanism 21 couples together; Bypass pipe 131b with open and close valve 131a bypass.On bypass pipe 131b, be connected with capillary 131c.In this mechanism of decompressor 131, in the occasion of using the 1st oil return loop 101,131a closes with open and close valve, make that the vaporized gas cold-producing medium only flows through bypass pipe 131b in the heat source side heat exchanger 23, in occasion in addition, open and close valve 131a can be opened, make that the vaporized gas cold-producing medium flows through open and close valve 131a and bypass pipe 131b two sides in the heat source side heat exchanger 23, therefore, in the occasion of using the 1st oil return loop 101, strengthened (promptly from the refrigerant outlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger 23 that plays evaporator function to the pressure loss between the suction side of compressing mechanism 21, the mechanism of decompressor 131 is played increase and the function that turns back to the differential pressure increase mechanism of the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism 21 and the differential pressure between the cold-producing medium interflow from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 through the 1st oil return loop 101), can increase from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 and turn back to the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism 21 and the flow of cold-producing medium through the 1st oil return loop 101.Thus, can be reliably will prevent that refrigerator oil from accumulating in the refrigerator oil of enough flows required in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 and cold-producing medium and turning back to the compressing mechanism 21 through the 1st oil return loop 101 from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23.Can suitably set the occasion of the pressure loss among the bypass pipe 131b not connecting capillary 131c, be not need capillary 131c's.
In addition, increase the mechanism of decompressor of mechanism as differential pressure, be not open and close valve 131a and bypass pipe 131b as the above-mentioned mechanism of decompressor 131 yet, but as shown in Figure 14, be and the electric expansion valve that the 3rd opening 22c of the 1st switching mechanism 22 is connected with pipe arrangement that the suction side of compressing mechanism 21 couples together.In this mechanism of decompressor 141, in the occasion of using the 1st oil return loop 101, can reduce the control of aperture, increasing from the refrigerant outlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger 23 that plays evaporator function to the pressure loss between the suction side of compressing mechanism 21, can increase from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 and turn back to the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism 21 and the flow of cold-producing medium through the 1st oil return loop 101, in occasion in addition, because the control that can increase aperture (for example standard-sized sheet), so can be reliably will prevent that refrigerator oil from accumulating in the refrigerator oil of the interior required enough flows of heat source side heat exchanger 23 and cold-producing medium and turning back to the compressing mechanism 21 through the 1st oil return loop 101 from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23.
In addition, as shown in figure 15, also can not use the mechanism of decompressor 131 as described above or the mechanism of decompressor 141, and in the 1st oil return loop 101, be provided as the pump machanism 151 that differential pressure increases mechanism.For example, pump machanism 151 can use refrigerated medium pump.Pump machanism 151 boosts and is sent to the 1st oil return loop 101 (promptly by being stranded in refrigerator oils in the heat source side heat exchanger 23, by pump machanism 151 being played make and from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 through the 1st oil return loop 101 to and turn back to the function that the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism 21 and differential pressure that the differential pressure between the cold-producing medium interflow increases increase mechanism), thereby can strengthen through the 1st oil return loop 101 and turn back to the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism 21 and the flow of cold-producing medium from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23.Thus, can be reliably will prevent that refrigerator oil from accumulating in the refrigerator oil of enough flows required in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 and cold-producing medium and turning back to the compressing mechanism 21 from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 through the 1st oil return loop 101.
In addition, as shown in figure 16, also can replace pump 151 and be provided as the penetrating mechanism 161 that differential pressure increases mechanism.Penetrating mechanism 161 mainly comprises: be located at the ejector 161a in the 1st oil return loop 101; Will be as the high-pressure gas refrigerant of the drive fluid of ejector 161a branch pipe 161b from discharge side (being between the 1st opening 22a of oil eliminator 21b and the 1st switching mechanism 22 this variation) difference of compressing mechanism 21; Be located at the open and close valve 161c on the branch pipe 161b.In this penetrating mechanism 161, in the occasion of using the 1st oil return loop 101, to be supplied in ejector 161a from the discharge side of compressing mechanism 21 as the high-pressure gas refrigerant of drive fluid by opening open and close valve 161a, utilize high-pressure gas refrigerant to attract to be stranded in the refrigerator oil of heat source side heat exchanger 23 bottoms and be sent in the 1st oil return loop 101 (promptly, by penetrating mechanism 161 is played through the 1st oil return loop 101 from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 to and turn back to the function that the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism 21 and differential pressure that the differential pressure between the cold-producing medium interflow increases increase mechanism), thereby can strengthen through the 1st oil return loop 101 and turn back to the refrigerator oil of compressing mechanism 21 and the flow of cold-producing medium from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23.Thus, can be reliably will prevent that refrigerator oil from accumulating in the refrigerator oil of enough flows required in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 and cold-producing medium and turning back to the compressing mechanism 21 from the bottom of heat source side heat exchanger 23 through the 1st oil return loop 101.
(8) other example
More than, example of the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but concrete structure being not limited to these examples, in the scope that does not break away from the invention aim, can change.
Practicality on the industry
If employing the present invention is comprising having the system that makes the evaporimeter that cold-producing medium flows out from lower side inflow from upside In the refrigerating plant and aircondition of refrigerant circuit, can enlarge by expansion valve the evaporability of evaporimeter is carried out Control range during control.

Claims (14)

1.一种冷冻装置(1)，其特征在于，具有制冷剂回路(12)和回油回路(101)，1. A refrigeration unit (1), characterized in that it has a refrigerant circuit (12) and an oil return circuit (101), 所述制冷剂回路(12)是将压缩机构(21)、冷凝器(32、42、52)、膨胀阀(24)、使制冷剂从下侧流入并从上侧流出的蒸发器(23)连接而成，使用在30℃以下的温度范围内不分离成二层的配合的冷冻机油及制冷剂，The refrigerant circuit (12) is a compression mechanism (21), a condenser (32, 42, 52), an expansion valve (24), and an evaporator (23) that allows the refrigerant to flow in from the lower side and flow out from the upper side It is formed by connecting, using a combination of refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant that does not separate into two layers in the temperature range below 30°C, 所述回油回路(101)与所述蒸发器的下部连接，将滞留于所述蒸发器内的冷冻机油与制冷剂一起返回到所述压缩机构。The oil return circuit (101) is connected to the lower part of the evaporator, and returns the refrigerating machine oil remaining in the evaporator together with the refrigerant to the compression mechanism. 2.如权利要求1所述的冷冻装置(1)，其特征在于，用于所述制冷剂回路(12)的冷冻机油及制冷剂是在-5℃以下的温度范围内不分离成二层的配合的冷冻机油及制冷剂。2. The refrigerating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant used in the refrigerant circuit (12) are not separated into two layers in the temperature range below -5°C Matching refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant. 3.如权利要求2所述的冷冻装置(1)，其特征在于，用于所述制冷剂回路(12)的冷冻机油及制冷剂的配合是醚油及R410A。3. The refrigerating device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the combination of refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant used in the refrigerant circuit (12) is ether oil and R410A. 4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的冷冻装置(1)，其特征在于，还具有差压增加机构(131、141、151、161)，其使通过所述回油回路(101)从所述热源侧热交换器(23)的下部至与返回到所述压缩机构(21)的冷冻机油及制冷剂合流为止之间的差压增加。4. The refrigerating device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it also has a differential pressure increasing mechanism (131, 141, 151, 161), which makes the oil return circuit ( 101) Increase the differential pressure from the lower part of the heat source side heat exchanger (23) until it merges with the refrigerating machine oil and the refrigerant returned to the compression mechanism (21). 5.一种冷冻装置(1)，具有制冷剂回路(12)和回油回路(101)，5. A refrigeration device (1), having a refrigerant circuit (12) and an oil return circuit (101), 所述制冷剂回路(12)将压缩机构(21)、冷凝器(32、42、52)、膨胀阀(24)、使制冷剂从下侧流入从上侧流出的蒸发器(23)连接而成，使用在所述蒸发器内不分离成二层的配合的冷冻机油及制冷剂，The refrigerant circuit (12) connects a compression mechanism (21), a condenser (32, 42, 52), an expansion valve (24), and an evaporator (23) that allows refrigerant to flow in from the lower side and outflow from the upper side. As a result, use the refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant that are not separated into two layers in the evaporator, 所述回油回路(101)与所述蒸发器的下部连接，使滞留在所述蒸发器内的冷冻机油与制冷剂一起返回到所述压缩机构。The oil return circuit (101) is connected to the lower part of the evaporator, and returns the refrigerating machine oil remaining in the evaporator to the compression mechanism together with the refrigerant. 6.一种空调装置(1)，其特征在于，具有制冷剂回路(12)和回油回路(101)，6. An air conditioner (1), characterized in that it has a refrigerant circuit (12) and an oil return circuit (101), 所述制冷剂回路(12)是将多个利用侧制冷剂回路(12a、12b、12c)与热源侧制冷剂回路(12d)连接而成，并使用在30℃以下的温度范围内不分离成二层的配合的冷冻机油及制冷剂，而其中热源侧制冷剂回路(12d)是将压缩机构(21)、起到蒸发器功能时使制冷剂从下侧流入从上侧流出的热源侧热交换器(23)和热源侧膨胀阀(24)连接而成，而利用侧制冷剂回路(12a、12b、12c)是将利用侧热交换器(32、42、52)和利用侧膨胀阀(31、41、51)连接而成，The refrigerant circuit (12) is formed by connecting a plurality of utilization-side refrigerant circuits (12a, 12b, 12c) with a heat source-side refrigerant circuit (12d), and is used in a temperature range below 30°C without being separated into The second layer is matched with refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant, and the heat source side refrigerant circuit (12d) is to make the refrigerant flow in from the lower side and flow out from the upper side when the compression mechanism (21) functions as an evaporator. The heat exchanger (23) is connected to the heat source side expansion valve (24), and the utilization side refrigerant circuit (12a, 12b, 12c) is formed by connecting the utilization side heat exchanger (32, 42, 52) and the utilization side expansion valve ( 31, 41, 51) connected together, 所述回油回路(101)与所述热源侧热交换器的下部连接，将滞留在所述热源侧热交换器内的冷冻机油与制冷剂一起返回到所述压缩机构中。The oil return circuit (101) is connected to the lower part of the heat source side heat exchanger, and returns the refrigerating machine oil remaining in the heat source side heat exchanger together with the refrigerant to the compression mechanism. 7.如权利要求6所述的空调装置(1)，其特征在于，用于所述制冷剂回路(12)的冷冻机油及制冷剂是在-5℃以下的温度范围内不分离成二层的配合的冷冻机油及制冷剂。7. The air conditioner (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant used in the refrigerant circuit (12) are not separated into two layers in the temperature range below -5°C Matching refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant. 8.如权利要求7所述的空调装置(1)，其特征在于，用于所述制冷剂回路(12)的冷冻机油及制冷剂的配合是醚油及R410A。8 . The air conditioner ( 1 ) according to claim 7 , characterized in that the combination of refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant used in the refrigerant circuit ( 12 ) is ether oil and R410A. 9.如权利要求6至8中任一项所述的空调装置(1)，其特征在于，还具有差压增加机构(131、141、151、161)，其使通过所述回油回路(101)从所述热源侧热交换器(23)的下部至与返回到所述压缩机构(21)的冷冻机油及制冷剂合流为止之间的差压增加。9. The air conditioner (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it also has a differential pressure increasing mechanism (131, 141, 151, 161), which makes the oil return circuit ( 101) Increase the differential pressure from the lower part of the heat source side heat exchanger (23) until it merges with the refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant returned to the compression mechanism (21). 10.如权利要求6至9中任一项所述的空调装置(1)，其特征在于，所述回油回路(101)具有开闭阀(101b)，10. The air conditioner (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, the oil return circuit (101) has an on-off valve (101b), 在所述热源侧热交换器(23)起到冷凝器功能的场合，所述开闭阀被关闭，在所述热源侧热交换器起到蒸发器功能的场合，所述开闭阀被打开。When the heat source side heat exchanger (23) functions as a condenser, the on-off valve is closed, and when the heat source side heat exchanger (23) functions as an evaporator, the on-off valve is opened . 11.如权利要求10所述的空调装置(1)，其特征在于，所述开闭阀(101b)在所述热源侧膨胀阀(24)的开度为规定开度以下时被打开。11. The air conditioner (1) according to claim 10, wherein the on-off valve (101b) is opened when the opening degree of the heat source side expansion valve (24) is equal to or less than a predetermined opening degree. 12.如权利要求6至11中任一项所述的空调装置(1)，其特征在于，所述热源侧热交换器(23)将与流过所述热源侧热交换器内的制冷剂流量无关地供给的一定量的水用作为热源。12. The air conditioner (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that, the heat source side heat exchanger (23) is connected to the refrigerant flowing through the heat source side heat exchanger A certain amount of water supplied independently of the flow rate is used as a heat source. 13.如权利要求6至12中任一项所述的空调装置(1)，其特征在于，所述热源侧热交换器(23)是板式热交换器。13. The air conditioner (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the heat source side heat exchanger (23) is a plate heat exchanger. 14.一种空调装置(1)，其特征在于，具有制冷剂回路(12)和回油回路(101)，14. An air conditioner (1), characterized in that it has a refrigerant circuit (12) and an oil return circuit (101), 所述制冷剂回路(12)是将多个利用侧制冷剂回路(12a、12b、12c)  与热源侧制冷剂回路(12d)连接而成，并使用当所述热源侧热交换器起到蒸发器功能时在所述热源侧热交换器内不分离成二层的配合的冷冻机油及制冷剂，而其中热源侧制冷剂回路(12d)是将压缩机构(21)、起到蒸发器功能时使制冷剂从下侧流入从上侧流出的热源侧热交换器(23)和热源侧膨胀阀(24)连接而成，而利用侧制冷剂回路(12a、12b、12c)是将利用侧热交换器(32、42、52)和利用侧膨胀阀(31、41、51)连接而成，The refrigerant circuit (12) is formed by connecting a plurality of utilization side refrigerant circuits (12a, 12b, 12c) with the heat source side refrigerant circuit (12d), and is used when the heat source side heat exchanger plays the role of evaporation During the function of the heat source side heat exchanger, the combined refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant that are not separated into two layers, and the heat source side refrigerant circuit (12d) is to combine the compression mechanism (21) and the evaporator function The heat source side heat exchanger (23), which allows the refrigerant to flow in from the lower side and out from the upper side, is connected to the heat source side expansion valve (24), and the utilization side refrigerant circuit (12a, 12b, 12c) is to transfer heat from the utilization side to the heat source side expansion valve (24). The exchanger (32, 42, 52) is connected with the utilization side expansion valve (31, 41, 51), 所述回油回路(101)与所述热源侧热交换器的下部连接，将滞留在所述热源侧热交换器内的冷冻机油与制冷剂一起返回到所述压缩机构中。The oil return circuit (101) is connected to the lower part of the heat source side heat exchanger, and returns the refrigerating machine oil remaining in the heat source side heat exchanger together with the refrigerant to the compression mechanism.
CNA2005800223441A 2004-07-01 2005-06-29 Freezer and air conditioner Pending CN1981165A (en)

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