CN1860264A - Method and device for producing ultra-short fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an object to provide a manufacturing method and an apparatus therefor which allow stable manufacture of extremely short fibers having a fiber length of not more than 0.1 mm while minimizing false cuts. In order to achieve the object, in the manufacturing method and the apparatus thereof, a plurality of single fibers are bundled to form a fiber bundle, the fiber bundle is formed into a gas or liquid state by a cooling solidification and an embedding material gasified or liquefied by heating, the fiber bundle is embedded by the embedding material formed into the gas or liquid state, the end face of the fiber bundle after the embedding treatment is cut into a thin sheet shape at a temperature at which the embedding material is not gasified or liquefied, and extremely short fibers having a cut fiber length of not more than 1 mm are obtained.

Description

The manufacture method of extremely short fiber and device thereof

Invention field

The invention relates to the fibre bundle after the numerous sliver bunchys that constituted with long filament group close yarn, cut off manufacture method and device thereof that this fibre bundle manufacturing has the extremely short fiber that the extremely short fiber that is not more than 1 millimeter fibre length uses.

Background technology

In the past for the long fiber that constituted with thermoplasticity synthetic polymers such as polyester, polyamide during, this fiber beam cutting is obtained several millimeters so that during the staple fibre of tens of mm lengths, habitual various fiber beam cutting device as fiber.For example, above shearing device is to use fibre bundle is wound on numerous radially cutting rollers that are provided with cutting knife, and the fiber that will be dispersed on the cutting knife pushes towards cutting knife, and continuous cutting-off forms the cutting roll-type fiber beam cutting device of predetermined length.And, counteredge and mobile blade are set as cut-off knife, only will be scheduled to the fibre bundle of shearing length and release cut-out with respect to these cut-off knives, promptly so-called cut-off knife formula fiber beam cutting device is well known.

Use under the environment of above-mentioned known fiber beam cutting device, increased the extremely short synthetic fiber that adopt in the cosmetics to some type, the superfine fibre that is used in the flocking processed goods of soft style in recent years, the needs of the elastomer that perhaps prescinds etc.Therefore, the fibre length after requirement is cut off is 0.1 millimeter to several millimeters a staple fibre.

But, in the occasion of above-mentioned roller cutting type fiber beam cutting device, to require to be arranged on radially the interval in abutting connection with between cutting knife of rotating the cutting knife group on the cutting roller minimum.Therefore, above occasion not only can be blocked between cutting knife because of the fiber after cutting off, and makes it discharge difficulty, and the relation of the thickness of cutting knife own is arranged simultaneously, and the restriction that obtains on the short cut staple length is arranged.

On the other hand, though the cut staple length of cut-off knife formula fiber beam cutting device 0.5 millimeter also can handle.But when being to use in the past form fiber beam cutting device to cut off the little long fine fibre of filament fiber number, the elasticity that has owing to fiber itself makes fiber bending, or the rectangular butt counteredge of deflection.And the adjustment that forms gap between counteredge and the mobile blade is difficulty very, produces volume and cuts because of the mistake of cutting sth. askew or shearing length is uneven etc.

Therefore, when obtaining the neat staple fibre of fibre length, must from the volume cut staple that mistake is cut, only select and shift out the fiber after the normal cutoff.But above to choose operation not only very numerous and diverse, simultaneously in case form and numerous allow when mistake beyond the shearing length is cut fiber, can form the bad yield rate of fiber after the normal cutoff equally.

Therefore, for the device that solves the problems referred to above that cut-off knife formula fiber beam cutting device has and for example propose that the Japanese unexamined patent spy opens the 2003-119662 communique.In the above known technology, cut off supply with the long fiber bundle continuously before, install with continuous slice shape thing and coat the guiding element that the fibre bundle supplied with is used.And, the continuous slice shape thing that moves simultaneously of overlapping coating of deflector roll and fibre bundle and after the mobile long fiber bundle, cut off the fibre bundle that thin tablet thing is coated whereby.That is, the fibre bundle monomer is soft and fibre bundle that cut off difficulty coats with thin tablet thing and makes its upright and outspokenization, cuts off the fibre bundle after upright and outspokenization, can cut into the staple fibre of predetermined length.

But even use above cut-off knife formula fiber to state shearing device, the fibre length that can cut off is 0.1～30 millimeter, and is very difficult on the stable good accuracy that obtains cut staple below 0.1 millimeter.And, must use organic polymer film, cloth and silk, the Nonwovens of paper or polyolefin, polyester, cellophane etc. during the employed thin tablet thing of covered fiber bundle in order to obtain above-mentioned staple fibre.

But when using above-mentioned thin tablet thing, the fiber after requirement will be cut off separates after cut-out with thin tablet thing.But it is difficult realizing separating completely, and a spot of smear metal may be sneaked in the fiber after the cut-out.And, when moving closer to 0.1 millimeter,, fibre bundle must be used restraint upright and outspokenly, but the above certainly employed material of thin slice shape outspoken nature can produce the restriction on the operability naturally in order more positively to cut off along with cut staple length.

As above-mentioned, along with mistake is cut and made precision reduce significantly, production efficiency is also along with reduction, is difficult at the staple fibre that obtains to have the cut staple length below 0.1 millimeter in fact therefore.And, when making staple fibres in a large number, must prepare to make as much as possible the thick fibre bundle of numerous filament group bunchys with the lifting productivity.When but fibre bundle is thick more, even the effect of strong restraint force during with film shape thin slice covered fiber bundle peripheral still can make and weaken for the filamentary restraining force in fibre bundle inside.Therefore, in a single day restraining force weakens, even when even the fiber beam cutting of the filament group under will comprising the state that moves freely that only is in a little becomes short, also can seem is not easy to carry out.

That is, superfine when this filament for example is 0.001～10dtex when the filament group who constitutes fibre bundle shifts out filament one by one, and springiness, the therefore distortion of the direction from cutting knife towards stressed effect and throwing off easily when cutting off from cutting knife.Therefore, even the errorless very difficulty of cutting when under satisfied output, correctly cutting off of the extremely short length of fibre bundle below 0.1 millimeter.

And, when constraint and the viewpoint of cut staple bundle are examined known technology, for example find to open and propose in the clear 63-35829 communique a kind ofly to utilize known shearing device in the cut-out of cutting off difficult aramid fibre the Japan Patent spy.This known technology is the thermoplastic resin after the fusion to be immersed in aramid fibre make its sclerosis, and the resin after the sclerosis is contained under the state of fiber, utilizes marble forming machine to make the technology of its little nodularization.But above known technology does not need to remove the heat of immersion plastic resin from the fibre bundle that cuts off, and can obtain staple fibre is directly mixed into wherein fibre strengthening plastic cement.Therefore, be not only the fiber after cutting off is shifted out from thermoplastic resin separately, and to shift out also be complete incoherent technology.In addition, this known technology such as above repeat specification are to make its spheroidization in fiber after the heat of immersion moldable resin, form very difficulty of little nodularization and according to known marble forming machine fiber is contained the shearing length that resin cuts into below 0.1 millimeter.

In addition, when promoting the productivity of extremely short fiber, require, make the fibre bundle special very much, fix with thermoplastic resin above total fiber number 1 with extremely numerous elongated filament bunchys.But with respect to above-mentioned fibre bundle with thick diameter, it is unusual difficult technologies equally that the elevated temperature heat moldable resin that melt viscosity is high fully is immersed in its inside.Even therefore thermoplastic resin is immersed in the fibre bundle, can not can produce part in the inside of fibre bundle can not be with the filament group of thermoplastic resin constraint with avoiding.Therefore, can produce the filament group that can not fully retrain with thermoplastic resin, so that the generation that has numerous mistakes to cut.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is to be purpose to solve all the problem that above-mentioned known technology has, and it is to provide a kind of and allows the stable extremely short fiber with 0.1 millimeter following fibre length of making to make mistake cut minimum method and apparatus simultaneously.And, in the explanation of the present invention of following narration, reach the term of " embedding material " about " embedding medium ", illustrate that at first occasion at liquid condition or gaseous state is to be called " embedding medium ", then be to be called " embedding material " in the occasion of solid state.

The result that the inventor makes great efforts to study in order to reach above-mentioned problem, in the technological thought of discovery as " cut-out of fibre bundle " of known technology, the cutting fiber that obtains the extremely short fiber length below 0.1 millimeter is difficult.That is, when shifting out filament of the filament group who constitutes fibre bundle, this filament is superfine, and springiness.Therefore, the filament during cut-out when cutting off owing to can break away from from cutting knife from the stressed easy deformation of cutting knife.Therefore, can know for fiber to be that extremely short length below 0.1 millimeter cuts in mistake not that though to cut off under the normal precision be not impossible, but still be difficulty very.

As above-mentioned, for head it off, in the repetition test process of carrying out all experiments conception, the inventor expects need not " cut-out of fibre bundle ", and uses " cutting of fibre bundle " may obtain 0.1 millimeter extremely short fiber.But this has just proposed how to cut the problem of the fibre bundle that is made of a large amount of thin filaments.Then can imagine fiber about this point, contain in the embedding material that its inside is embedded in paraffin, resin or ice etc. embedding treatment and form integratedly, can obtain good cutting material.

Wherein, the present invention provides a kind of manufacture method and device thereof that the acquisition extremely short fiber was cut and stablized to mistake of doing one's utmost to suppress when obtaining to have the extremely short fiber of (especially 0.005～0.1 millimeter) below 1.0 millimeters fibre length.That is, the present invention forms the fibre bundle that makes numerous filament group bunchys, and the embedding material that reaches with heating and gasifying or liquefaction with cooling curing forms gas shape or aqueous, make the material that is cut behind the above-mentioned fibre bundle of embedding treatment by forming gas shape or aqueous embedding material, with above-mentioned embedding material with the temperature of not gasification or liquefaction with the above-mentioned building up by welding flakiness shape that is cut material, acquisition has the method and apparatus of the extremely short fiber of cut staple length below 1.0 millimeters.

At this moment, examination does not produce the manufacturing method and apparatus of the extremely short fiber of by mistake cutting, and can learn that the fiber that is embedded in the embedding material is important towards folk prescription to closing yarn.Therefore, the numerous of the multifilament sliver that constituted by numerous filament groups have been prepared respectively to comprise around sliver.Then with sliver from being wound up into around the sliver group on the ryce (volume ryce), each sliver that simultaneously will unwinding under certain tension force closes yarn, repeats to be wound on the ryce, to produce the fibre bundle with predetermined total fiber number.In the part that repeats coiling ryce shape, be formed with make the filament group each other side by side linearly shape close the zone that yarn is reeled, therefore utilize this each zone, the two ends that the embedding medium of utilization such as sticker etc. makes linear close the zone of yarn coiling are solidified and are imposed the embedding treatment step, and material is cut in the part making of cutting off after solidifying.Perhaps, utilize a pair of fixture, paste band etc. fixedly linear close yarn and the two ends of wrapping range and when being controlled,, make linear and be the fibre bundle that well closes yarn at the two ends, the outside of this a pair of fixture cut staple bundle.In addition, in the occasions that must make extremely short fibers in a large number, be 0.001～10dtex with filamentary fiber number, making the total fiber number of the above-mentioned fibre bundle that is made of the filament group serves as preferred with 10,000～1,000 ten thousand dtex.

Secondly, the linear of Zhi Zuoing is the fibre bundle that well closes yarn and moves to the embedding treatment step although it is so, still residual the air in the inside of this fibre bundle.Therefore, fibre bundle is statically placed in the container of embedding treatment under the state that well closes yarn, and carries out vacuum defoamation.In addition, the embedding medium after the deaeration in advance of liquid or gaseous state is filled in the container and in the inside that impregnated in fibre bundle with embedding medium during around fibre bundle.At this moment, utilizing the exhaust apparatus exhaust on one side of vacuum plant etc. and impose embedding treatment under weak negative pressure with respect to atmospheric pressure in the container, serves as preferred with the not residual bubble in inside.As above-mentioned, therefore residual hardly any bubble in the fibre bundle after embedding treatment can retrain each filament that constitutes fibre bundle fully.As above-mentioned, for restraining force in that not do the time spent very soft and can pass on cutting force fully when each filament of cutting knife butt simply from the fibre bundle of cutting knife disengaging.Therefore, when the fibre bundle after the embedding treatment was cut into thin slice shape, the extremely short fiber that can make in a large number for 0.005～0.1 millimeter of fibre length can not cause mistake to cut as above-mentioned.

Above-mentioned embedding medium preferably uses can be in a large number, cheap and obtain easily, and use operation very to be easy to water.Use as during above-mentioned water,, therefore can easily enter the inside of above-mentioned fibre bundle because the viscosity pole of water is low.And, for the easier fibre bundle inside that enters, can add a spot of surfactant, for example comprise cationic surfactant and two surfacants such as amino acid whose alkali metal salt or alkyl betaine of the anion surfactant, quaternary ammonium salt etc. of non-ionic surface active agent, the acid of ester fat, alkyl phosphate, the sulphonic acid ester of polyglycols ester and ester etc., the alkali metal salt of sulfate etc., make water enter each zone of fibre bundle inside.

Avoid using embedding medium to water etc. to enter conflict, and the air of the getting rid of residual fibre bundle inside thick excessively fibre bundle of having any problem etc., but with and the numerous fubril bundle of row arrangement or be flat fibre bundle, and advance the shape embedding treatment for preferred with respect to this fubril bundle or the fibre bundle that is flat.In addition, when water freezing, the gas that is dissolved in the water will produce bubble.Therefore, utilize will the freeze lid member top of icing container of processing (embedding treatment) of heater means to heat a little.And the treating apparatus that utilize the to freeze processing of freezing controls simultaneously that the water surface is unlikely to be freezed, and utilizes exhaust apparatus to be reduced pressure in water surface top and makes the bubble of discharging in the water unlikely wherein residual.

The present invention makes extremely short fiber as above-mentioned utilization cutting, and the cutting means of its utilization can be known lathe or its remodeling machines of planer, slotting machine, thicknessing and planning machine or milling machine etc.Above occasion can be erect numerous the be cut materials of setting with above-mentioned method and apparatus made with intensive state respectively side by side.And, as above-mentioned, also can under the state that erect to be provided with, again it be imposed embedding treatment in the embedding material, form the block of one and be supplied to workbench as the new material that is cut.As above-mentioned, can make a large amount of extremely short fibers easily.But, so that cold insulation means and/or the cooling way that cooling is keeping being cut the maintenance means of material to be set, even make with any means slicing material, the embedding material that does not also cause formation to be cut a material part turns to liquefaction or vaporized state from the solid state phase transformation.Sometimes preferably bite is cooled off as required.

Be used for the manufacture method of the above extremely short fiber of the present invention and the embedding material of its device and preferably use dry ice or water, this is because dry ice or glassware for drinking water have from cutting into the lamelliform material that is cut, utilize air dry, heated-air drying or freeze-dried etc. easily and the advantage of separating of the extremely short fiber after making.At this moment,, can cause change in size during big variations in temperature, make adhesive polymer peel off to each other for the composite fibre that comprises two kinds of combination of polymers (conjugated fiber).For example must SC when opening optical interference fiber that flat 11-241223 communique put down in writing such as the Japanese unexamined patent spy and carry out drying.This is that to make the thickness of polymeric layer of mutual stickup be the specific thicknesses that is limited with micron order because this kind fiber is control, the light of institute's incident and the mutual polymer of pasting are interfered and presents gay colours.Therefore, above occasion is so that be used under the frozen state, can dewatered freeze-dried method be preferred.

The simple declaration of accompanying drawing

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the 1st and 2nd embodiment schematic diagram of explanation in order to obtain to use with fibre bundle about the manufacturing of extremely short fiber of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is to use the fiber bundle F of reeling with use hexagon shown in Figure 1 volume ryce to impose the view of specific embodiment of the method for embedding treatment, and wherein Fig. 3 (a) is a diagrammatic top view, and Fig. 3 (b) is a diagrammatic side view.

Fig. 4 is the schematic illustration (vertical view) that fibre bundle is imposed the treatment trough that embedding treatment uses with the embedding material.

Fig. 5 is in the treatment trough of explanation after filling is liquid embedding medium, and the volume ryce dipping of the fibre bundle of reeling is imposed the schematic illustration of embedding treatment state, and Fig. 5 (a) is a diagrammatic top view, and Fig. 5 (b) is a diagrammatic side view.

Fig. 6 is to show behind the liquid embedding medium cooling curing, to shift out the diagrammatic side view of state from treatment trough.

Fig. 7 is that explanation cuts off the schematic illustration (vertical view) that the embodiment of the embedding treatment that state imposes of fibre bundle uses from the volume ryce.

Fig. 8 when fibre bundle is unloaded, gives the diagrammatic side view that predetermined tension makes the type frame of the unlikely generation large deformation of fibre bundle from the volume ryce.

Fig. 9 is the schematic illustration of the embedding treatment of display fibers bundle.

Figure 10 is a pair of cutaway view of the A-A line direction of Fig. 9, and Figure 10 (a) is the embodiment example of the little fubril Shu Qun of expression section rectangle, and Figure 10 (b) is that the expression cross section is circular embodiment example.

Figure 11 is that the explanation embedding medium can enter the inner main point that forms frontier distance of fubril bundle well and enters a pair of schematic illustration apart from usefulness.

Figure 12 removes the key diagram that the method that is contained in fubril Shu Qunzhong bubble is used with explanation.

Figure 13 is the formation picture of device with the summary of the embodiment that schematically illustrates the icing treating apparatus of fibre bundle.

Figure 14 is the formation picture of device of summary of the manufacturing installation of extremely short fiber of the present invention.

Figure 15 is that the illustrative main portion of expansion of the cutting mechanism part of Figure 14 enlarges positive view.

Figure 16 is the positive view with the adjustment usefulness that schematically illustrates the outstanding length of explanation cutting knife.

Figure 17 is the formation picture of device of the summary of cooling cutting knife and the embodiment that is cut the cooling way that material uses.

Figure 18 is the summary formation picture of device that cutting knife utilizes the type of cooling of peltier-element cooling.

Figure 19 arrange to erect numerous materials that are cut to be arranged on the workbench and the diagrammatic top view of configuration.

Figure 20 arranges numerous cutting knife settings and a pair of key diagram that cuts pattern, and Figure 20 (a) is a schematic front view, and Figure 20 (b) is a diagrammatic side view.

Detailed description of the invention

Though the extremely short fiber of manufacturing of the present invention can obtain the synthetic fiber that polymer became such as polyester, polyamide, polyolefin, perhaps make up the composite synthetic fibre of the polymer more than 2 kinds, be not limited only to this.Promptly also can be from natural fabrics such as silk, cotton yarn, the dimitys, perhaps semisynthetic fibre such as cellulose fibre, acetate fibre obtains.

Cut into fibre length from 1 millimeter so that tens of millimeters staple fibre generally is by will being that the sliver that the very little filament group of 0.001～10dtex is constituted closes yarn by the fiber number of its filament (also abbreviating filament as), each other side by side towards the fibre length direction, and with the short length of this fiber beam cutting one-tenth, and produced.

Be with step among the present invention at the identical manufacturing staple fibre of above-mentioned known technology, must be with several sliver bunchys that numerous filament group constituted and prepare the step of fibre bundle.And, in this preparation process, must or make fibre bundle bunchy under the unidirectional state that closes yarn with multifilament sliver reeled yarn.Its reason is among the present invention, if the filament group orientation of formation fibre bundle in an inclined direction, rather than closes on the yarn unidirectional, and the filament group after the embedding treatment can not be fixed on incline direction with respect to the cutting direction vertical fixing in the embedding material so.If this situation takes place, after to the embedding treatment of fibre bundle being carried out by the embedding material, as described later, the fibre bundle of embedding treatment can cause that the filament group who is fixed on incline direction is along inclined direction cut rather than cuts in vertical direction to cutting in this state.

For head it off, according to the present invention, as the 1st embodiment, that has prepared that numerous filament constituted by reeling multifilament sliver forms is one or more around the yarn body.When spinning sliver, giving under the predetermined tension force, for example sliver is being repeated to be wound on the ryce of known yarn ryce, obtaining to close the fibre bundle of yarn state from rolling up the yarn body.Secondly, more than the fibre bundle that obtained do not unload from ryce, but impose embedding treatment under the state of the tension force effect when reeling, it is integrated that the fibre bundle the tension force active state is under imbedded in the embedding material formation.

Perhaps, as the 2nd embodiment of the present invention, numerous slivers formation of reeling and both ends that close the fibre bundle after yarn is reeled are used in the equal tension that applies during the coiling retrain completely.Wherein,, can utilize in order to make unlikely the moving freely of filament group that constitutes fibre bundle and to paste tape wrapping, or control with the fixture brute force and to carry out in the periphery at above-mentioned both ends for the constraint at above-mentioned fibre bundle both ends.And, also sticker only can be flooded attached to the fixing filament that constitutes fibre bundle of above-mentioned both ends adhesion and carry out each other.

In this case, different with above-mentioned the 1st embodiment, by adhesion zone portion, perhaps cut off with the part of adhering fixing with anchoring fiber bundle both ends, can unload from the volume ryce.For this unloads, if for the both ends of anchoring fiber bundle and allow to obtain the state that tension force applies and fixed frame as temple is installed, can implement the unloading of the fibre bundle that cuts off from the volume ryce with identical elasticity so, and must not remove the tension force that makes filament keep closing yarn.

In addition, when not using the fixed frame of temple etc., be fixed on fibre bundle in the embedding material before, the predetermined tension force in fibre bundle both ends after giving it again and cutting off.At this moment, in a single day the fiber after the cut-out is stated both ends because have constraint such as above-mentioned stickup band to make the filament group not change each other position, can return to the original yarn state that well closes easily when therefore giving tension force again.

Therefore, under giving the state of tension force, fibre bundle buried and form integratedly in the embedding material, can make the filament group who constitutes fibre bundle close yarn once more and be fixed in the embedding material with the ordered state of homogeneous.Therefore, the filamentary freely-movable of the fibre bundle of formation embedding treatment is retrained fully by the embedding material.Therefore, even filament group behind butt embedding treatment cutting knife during cutting, the filament group can be presented the state that is not easy to move by the constraint of embedding material.

Below be elaborated referring to accompanying drawing some preferred embodiments to the fibre bundle manufacturing method and apparatus of the manufacturing extremely short fiber of the invention described above.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the schematic views of 2 embodiment of explanation manufacturing extremely short fiber of the present invention.Key diagram 1 illustrative embodiment at first.

Among the embodiment of Fig. 1,1 is the known rove bobbin winder that volume yarn machine can use the coiling reeled yarn to use, the 2nd, and with the yarn means of closing of formations such as thread-carrier.And P is at least 1 volume yarn body group that volume yarn body is constituted, and illustrated example is constituted by 3 volume yarn bodies (P1, P2, P3).Therefore, each rolls up the multifilament sliver (y1, y2, y3) of reeling respectively on the yarn body (P1, P2, P3) and being made of numerous long filament (filament).In the sliver (y1, y2, y3) each imports the above-mentioned yarn means 2 of closing respectively, closes yarn means 2 via this and closes after the yarn, is wound on the above-mentioned volume yarn machine 1.

In the present embodiment, each sliver (y1, y2, y3) is winding on the up-coiler 1 when closing yarn from volume yarn body (P1, P2, P3) debatching with after pulling out, and closes the yarn step but also can cut off.That is, from volume yarn body (P1, P2, P3) make respectively each sliver (y1, y2, y3) respectively debatching pull out and make them to close yarn, only supply with the suitable volume yarn body of volume yarn machine 1, and this sliver y that closes behind the yarn supplied with volume yarn machine 1 by closing the y-shaped one-tenth of sliver behind the yarn.In addition, when using this system, when utilizing several volume yarn machine 1 to supply with several fiber bundle F, do not need to prepare numerous volume yarn bodies (P1, P2, P3), therefore can carry out operation effectively for each volume yarn machine.

The present invention is that the multifilament (numerous filament groups) that makes the single fiber dimension that for example has 0.001～10dtex constitutes each sliver (y1, y2, y3) and closes sliver group y behind the yarn and close yarn and form each other and arrange and with its bunchy, adjust fiber bundle F thus and make its total fiber number form 10,000～10,000,000 dtex towards the fibre length direction.Wherein, above-mentioned volume yarn machine 1 will roll up sliver group y that yarn body group P supplied with only with the overlapping coiling of palpus number of times on it, and be provided with the volume ryce 10 that the fiber bundle F that obtains to have predetermined total fiber number is used.This volume ryce is provided with the member of formation as volume ryce 10, with the volume yarn width limitations of the fiber bundle F volume yarn width limitations member 11 at predetermined length.

Referring to Fig. 1, above-mentioned volume ryce 10 is constituted with hexagon frame (frame), and this each apex that is on the hexagonal volume ryce 10 is provided with illustrated 12 volume yarn width limitations members 11.Therefore, close sliver group y behind the yarn, be wound on the above-mentioned volume yarn width limitations member 11 as fibre bundle is overlapping directly under the contactless state of contact volume ryce 10.But in order to make the volume yarn tension more stable, the shape of volume ryce 10 is serve as preferred as this routine regular hexagon with the more regular polygon of limit number, but also can equilateral triangle or quadrangle etc. just.In addition, in the explanation of the following stated embodiment of the invention, for convenience of description, though be to be that representative describes with hexagonal volume ryce 10, but as above-mentioned, the present invention is not limited only to this embodiment certainly.

As the above-mentioned fiber bundle F of volume on the ryce 10 that be formed on, only close rectilinear part Fs that yarn is suitable machining and be utilized as making the material that is cut that extremely short fiber uses.Therefore, in the example that Fig. 1 represents, volume ryce 10 is owing to be hexagonal configuration, therefore can supply with as make fibre bundle with 6 positions of embedding material embedding treatment (Fs1, Fs2 ... Fs6) be cut the material that material is used after the portion.

In Fig. 1,12 are that tension force detects, on one side the sliver group y that supplies with of the control scope that enters predetermined tension, use the usefulness of the Tension Control when the volume yarn.As above-mentioned, while on one side carry out Tension Control the sliver group is supplied with volume yarn machine 1, when being wound on sliver group y on the yarn width limitations member 11 thus, can give raising its close yarn with required tension force.But among the embodiment of Fig. 1, making the method for bar sliver (y1, y2, y3) debatching from volume yarn body (P1, P2, P3) is to adopt " vertical drawing system ".But the debatching that debatching each time enters once when making sliver (y1, y2, y3) debatching in this way is twisted.Therefore, twisted in order not make it enter debatching, also can adopt " the horizontal drawing system " that make sliver (y1, y2, y3) debatching by the rotation of volume yarn body (P1, P2, P3).

Though especially omit diagram in the example of Fig. 1, what (y1, y2, y3) is provided with supply with the system of knitting to be used habitually practise from the preparation process such as warping machines of yarn when the warping from each volume yarn body (P1, P2, P3) is preferably as tension regulator 3 (31,32,33).But above-mentioned tension regulator 3 is to be separately positioned on volume yarn body (P1, P2, P3), waits when making sliver (y1, y2, y3) debatching respectively at each volume yarn body (P1, P2, P3) thus, is used for stablizing debatching tension force and makes that debatching tension force is unlikely to be changed significantly.Moreover this tension regulator 3 is so that with having low-friction coefficient and the anti abrasive ceramic commercially available product of making for preferred, therefore omit its detailed description at this.

As previously discussed, the present invention produces rapid variation in order not make debatching tension force, uses tension regulator 3 to make sliver (y1, y2, y3) debatching respectively from each volume yarn body (P1, P2, P3).At this moment, serve as preferred in order to improve the closing yarn of fiber bundle F that be wound on ryce 10 and with predefined certain tension winding.This is when cutting off other steps of closing the yarn step, even it is also same to represent connecting the occasion of closing the yarn step as Fig. 1 example.But the following description is to be combined in the occasion explanation that is wound on the volume yarn step of ryce 10 by volume yarn machine 1 to closing the yarn step.

Volume yarn machine 1 of the present invention possesses the control winding tension is arranged, the tension detector 12 that the tension force of the detection sliver group y that supplies with is used.And the winding tension of control volume yarn machine 1 forms definitely the tension force that is detected by this tension detector 12 and reels.At this moment, also can adopt the CD-ROM drive motor (not shown) of torque-motor, reel with certain moment as the volume yarn machine 1 of rotating drive volume ryce 10.That is, opinion winding method or winding mechanism importantly must be wound on the ryce 10 so that the certain tension force that preestablishes sliver group y is overlapping.

Volume yarn machine 1 of the present invention is to have the volume yarn machine of reciprocating traverse mechanism 13, when fiber bundle F is wound on yarn width limitations member 11, make the sliver group y correspondence of supplying with volume ryce 10 roll up the volume yarn width of yarn width limitations member 11 and be wound as a preferred embodiment by the motion of reciprocating traverse guiding element (not shown) reciprocating traverse.This is because make sliver group y be wound on the yarn that closes that can improve fiber bundle F on the coiling width limitations member 11 thus with correct aligning on the width.

Therefore, be wound in the fiber bundle F on the ryce 10, hexagon volume ryce be wound on 6 positions that are equivalent to each limit each fibre bundle (Fs1, Fs2 ..., Fs6) tension force that can be given when reeling of portion forms nervous state, and the linearly shape of reeling.Therefore, the fibre bundle of this linear part (Fs1, Fs2 ..., Fs6) portion is positioned at the very good yarn state that closes, and this part need only be imposed embedding treatment by above-mentioned embedding material, can form as obtaining the suitable material that is cut material that extremely short fiber is used.

As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, with the fibre bundle of the linear part that is wound on ryce 10 (Fs1, Fs2 ..., Fs6) together each place, summit that is wound on the hexagon frame fibre bundle (Fe1, Fe2 ..., Fe6) in, flood with the rapid-drying properties sticker that can well soak among the filament group.Subsequently, this sticker is solidified, thus this fibre bundle of predetermined fixed (Fe1, Fe2 ..., Fe6).Even its reason is the cut-out because of fiber bundle F, certain reasons such as contraction of volume ryce 10, make fiber bundle F move to when relaxing state from tense situation, when as long as above situation occurring, what can retrain its motion at least freely makes the filament group who constitutes fiber bundle F change the position each other but not mobile state.Therefore, make fiber bundle F return to tense situation once again, can return to the original good yarn state that closes thus easily.

Moreover, above-mentioned fibre bundle (Fe1, Fe2 ..., Fe6) standing part form linear owing to close yarn, therefore be not suitable as obtain extremely short fiber with and cutting be cut material.Therefore, preferably can not as these parts that are cut material (Fe1, Fe2 ..., Fe6) fix with sticker.But, among the present invention, as described later with sticker anchoring fiber bundle (Fe1, Fe2 ..., Fe6) though be preferred embodiment, and inessential.

Above-described the present invention rolls up the regular polygon frame of ryce 10 for Fig. 1 illustration such as hexagon frame.But volume ryce of the present invention is not limited only to above-mentioned example, also can use the illustrative regular polygon frame of Fig. 2 volume ryce 10 ' in addition.The illustrative volume ryce of this Fig. 2 is to be provided with 2 volume yarn width limitations members 11 ' at the two ends of clavate volume ryce 10 ', be wound on the yarn width limitations member 11 ' sliver group y ' is overlapping as revers turn part respectively with these 2 volume yarn width limitations members 11 ', acquisition has the fiber bundle F of predetermined total fiber number '.

But above-mentioned example is that inflection is reeled to roll up the sliver group y that yarn width limitations member 11 ' closes yarn.Therefore and the polygonal of the hexagon of Fig. 1 volume ryce 10 volume ryce relatively the time, form bigger tension change.As above-mentioned, the volume yarn machine 1 ' that is used in above-mentioned example is to make sliver group y ' respectively during debatching from volume yarn body group P ', must reduce the influence that debatching tension force changes generation significantly.Therefore, for each volume yarn body P ', serve as preferred so that the big amplitude of fluctuation of tension regulator 3 ' inhibition debatching tension force to be set.As above-mentioned, after the amplitude of fluctuation that suppresses debatching tension force, Yi Bian detect winding tension by tension detector 12 ', Yi Bian control the rotation of servo motor 14 '.In addition, be wound up on the clavate volume ryce 10 ' with predetermined winding tension by reciprocating traverse mechanism 13 ' by closing the sliver group y ' that yarn means 2 ' will close behind the yarn.

The manufacturing method and apparatus of fibre bundle can obtain to adjust the yarn state that closes that forms the good fiber bundle of being scheduled to total fiber number 10,000～1,000 ten thousand dtex according to the present invention as described hereinbefore.Therefore, below be in order to obtain extremely short fiber by machining, handle above-mentioned step of well closing the fibre bundle behind the yarn at bury bag by the embedding material, consult Fig. 3～Fig. 6 and be described in detail as follows.

Among the present invention, utilizing the embedding material to impose embedding treatment can be at the illustrative polygonal volume ryce 10 of Fig. 1, perhaps as carrying out under the illustrative state that is wound in clavate volume ryce 10 ' of Fig. 2.Wherein, Fig. 3 is the embodiment that uses as concrete example with the embedding treatment method of using the fiber bundle F after the illustrative hexagon volume of Fig. 1 ryce 10 is reeled, and Fig. 3 (a) is the expression diagrammatic top view, and Fig. 3 (b) is the expression diagrammatic side view.

And Fig. 4 schematically illustrates the key diagram (vertical view) that imposes the treatment trough 4 that the fiber bundle F embedding treatment uses with embedding material 5.In addition, Fig. 5 is that explanation is filled in the treatment trough 4 that forms liquid embedding medium 5, the reeling volume ryce 10 of fiber bundle F state of dipping imposes the schematic illustration that the step of embedding treatment is used, and Fig. 5 (a) is the expression diagrammatic top view, and Fig. 5 (b) is the expression diagrammatic side view.Again, Fig. 6 is with after liquid embedding medium 5 cooling curings, shifts out the diagrammatic side view of state from above-mentioned treatment trough 4.

But, as above-mentioned, reach the term of " embedding material " among the present invention about " embedding medium ", illustrate once more that for caution's sake the occasion at liquid condition or gaseous state is called " embedding medium ", the occasion of solid state then is called " embedding material ".In addition, in the example that Fig. 3～Fig. 6 represents, the volume ryce is to be that typical example uses to have the illustrative hexagon thing of Fig. 1, but satisfying under the prerequisite of purport of the present invention, is not limited only to this certainly.

The present invention can directly use the volume ryce 10 of coiling fiber bundle F state to impose embedding treatment.This moment is as initial step, except roll up ryce 10 from rolling up yarn machine 1 unloads, keeps the good yarn state that closes as above-mentioned in advance for the fiber bundle F that will be wound on ryce degree limiting member 11, must keep fiber bundle F and be the unlikely distortion of tense situation.Therefore, in case when removing locking, volume ryce 10 is can the mechanism of disassembled and assembled freely serving as preferred under its original state from rotating driveshaft.The fiber bundle F that therefore need not directly contact coiling promptly can unload volume ryce 10 from volume yarn machine 1.

In case when unloading last volume ryce 10, next step is that the hexagon volume ryce 10 of corresponding present embodiment is prepared the treatment trough 4 with the illustrative hex shape of Fig. 4 as above-mentioned.And, in advance aqueous embedding material 5 (for example, water, melt paraffin, molten resin) is filled in this treatment trough.At this moment,, set up heater in advance, treatment trough 4 is added the fusible state of thermosetting at above-mentioned treatment trough 4 for the paraffin of not fusion under the normal temperature or resin etc.

Secondly, as illustrated in Fig. 5, in the volume ryce 10 of coiling fiber bundle F state as the above-mentioned treatment trough 4 that is immersed in filling liquid shape embedding medium 5.In addition, when carrying out this processing, its in detail as described later, in order to remove the bubble that is present in the fiber bundle F, also the volume ryce 10 and the treatment trough 4 of coiling fiber bundle F state can be put into the vacuum tank vacuum defoamation simultaneously, and the fiber bundle F after the against vacuum deaeration imposes embedding treatment.As above-mentioned fiber bundle F is immersed in the liquid embedding medium 5, embedding medium 5 is fully contained be dipped between the filament group who constitutes fiber bundle F after, cooling curing buries bag agent 5 and is embedded in and makes in the embedding material 5 that the filament group that constitutes fiber bundle F solidifies.

And last step is as illustrated in Fig. 6, cuts out the required linear part of extremely short fiber as being cut material with the fibre bundle after the cutting embedding treatment by cutting knife.For example, among Fig. 6, the part of utilizing cutting knife to cut out to be illustrated by the broken lines.Straight fibre bundle so, for example shown in Figure 1 (Fs1, Fs2 ..., Fs6) be cut material when part can be supplied with and make as extremely short fiber.

Above-described embodiment takes out from volume yarn machine 1 or 1 ' will roll up ryce 10 or 10 ', with fiber bundle F or F ' be wound on yarn width limitations member 11 or 11 ' volume ryce 10 or 10 ' just its state use down to preferably.But the present invention is not limited only to above-mentioned example, as above-mentioned, also can cut out the fiber bundle F of processing such as sticker or fixed frame from volume ryce 10 or 10 ' ' or F ' and to impose embedding treatment from rolling up the state that ryce 10 or 10 ' cuts off.Therefore, describe in detail with reference to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 at above embedding treatment as following.

To be explanation cut off the schematic illustration (vertical view) that the embodiment that imposes embedding treatment under the state of fiber bundle F uses from volume ryce 10 to Fig. 7.Among the embodiment of this embedding treatment, as Fig. 7 illustration, with half-and-half embedding medium filling containers 6 be installed in the illustrative straight fibre bundle of Fig. 1 (Fs1, Fs2 ..., Fs6) portion.Moreover, the container 6 that this embedding medium is filled has structure double, make after double zoarium, will fix above-mentioned straight fibre bundle (Fs1, Fs2 ..., Fs6) portion both ends and from double one make the unlikely leakage of liquid embedding material and adopt such as be installed under the fixing state such as the encapsulant of silicone rubber (silicone rubber) the straight fibre bundle (Fs1, Fs2 ..., Fs6) portion.And this moment is in order to obtain good sealing property, can use aqueous or the pasty state sealant at above-mentioned sealing complementaryly.

As above-mentioned, the container 6 that embedding medium is filled be installed in the straight fibre bundle (Fs1, Fs2 ..., Fs6) under the state of portion, liquid embedding medium 5 is circulated to the embedding medium filling containers 6 from inlet 6a and outlet 6b.And, when will be present in the bubble in the fiber bundle F or being present in the air extrusion of embedding medium filling containers 6, embedding medium 5 is filled in the embedding medium filling containers 6.But this moment is when making water as embedding medium 5, because the low fiber bundle F that enters of viscosity is interior good.Secondly, under above state, embedding medium filling containers 6 is cooled to zubzero temperature makes inner water freezing, fiber bundle F can be imposed the embedding treatment of success by the embedding material that ice constitutes.

As above-mentioned, also have each apex that will be wound on hexagon volume ryce 10 as shown in Figure 1 fibre bundle (Fs1, Fs2 ..., Fs6) portion utilizes sticker to fix, retrain fully with this part after the free degree of each filament motion, cut off the method that this part unloads from the volume ryce.But this case also can not carried out the cut-out of fiber bundle F, unloads and only shrink volume ryce 10 with volume ryce 10 as the structure of retractable, only shifts out fiber bundle F.And,, for example also can consider the structure that 6 the clavate frameworks that extend radially that support volume yarn width limitations member 11 shown in Figure 1 formed can freely fold with telescopic construction or hinge etc. and retractable as the concrete example of above contracted configurations.

As above-mentioned, in case from volume ryce 10 when shifting out fiber bundle F, the part after can the dual-gripper adhesion handling is given predetermined tension makes fiber bundle F return to the original good yarn state that closes once more.But must note as far as possible do not make the fiber bundle F that shifted out to produce large deformation when fiber bundle F is unloaded from rolling up ryce 10 this moment.Its reason is when in a single day producing large deformation because of the fiber bundle F that shifts out, and can make the filament group be out of shape and change position each other with the fixing part fiber bundle F in addition of sticker when this is out of shape.Therefore, when applying low tension force, it is very big that the influence of interfibrous friction becomes, and causes each filament to return to the generation of the states of affairs such as position difficulty of original state.

Therefore, when fiber bundle F as shown in Figure 8 unloads in order not make fiber bundle F produce large deformation, make the drawing type frame 7 of giving predetermined tension towards the illustrated direction of arrow in advance, with this type frame 7 be installed on the straight fibre bundle that is wound on the ryce 10 (Fe1, Fe2 ..., Fe6) portion.Preferred remodeling is, imposes with the outer end at this type frame 7 and cuts out fiber bundle F, note making this part fibre bundle (Fe1, Fe2 ..., Fe6) the unlikely generation large deformation of portion.As above-mentioned, can impose embedding treatment at various and replace the illustrative volume ryce 10 of Fig. 3～Fig. 6, can carry out the illustrative embedding treatment of Fig. 3～Fig. 6 easilier.

Usually, it is all very thin and soft to constitute every of filament group of fiber bundle F.Therefore, the direction of cutting off the power effect is easy to generate strain and breaks away from, and therefore as described above, the extremely short fiber that has 0.1 millimeter or following fibre length in manufacturing is not easy.Given this, the present invention fixes the filament group who constitutes filament bundle F and the state that is not easy to move appears in the free degree of constrained motion thus by the embedding material.And the fiber bundle F of utilizing cutting knife that the embedding material is fixed under this state cuts into thin slice shape.In addition, for reach this purpose with and be that requirement can change under low viscous flow regime as the desired character of embedding medium, therefore, in order to coat and requirement can enter in the gap of fibre bundle inside from its periphery around fibre bundle easily.

Among the present invention, the inside that makes liquid embedding material enter fibre bundle fully is one of them feature to retrain normal filamentary freedom of motion, at this embodiment, utilizes diagram to be described in detail as follows.

Fig. 9 is the schematic front view that imposes cut-away section by the embodiment of the fibre bundle of the manufacture method embedding treatment of extremely short fiber of the present invention.And Figure 10 is the cutaway view of expression on the A-A line direction of Fig. 9.In addition, Figure 10 (a) is the embodiment of fubril bundle that expression has the cross section (with respect to the right angle orientation section of fibre length direction) of flattened rectangular, and has the embodiment of the fubril bundle of non-flat circular cross section shown in 10 (b) figure.

In addition, about the label F that represents among the figure be the fubril bundle, 12 for embedding medium (embedding material), 13 for container, 13a are the inlets that is the embedding material after the liquid phase change, 14 for controlling member.Wherein, above-mentioned fubril bundle F is as detailed explanation, and side by side sliver group y is in line behind the state bunchy of shape to close yarn each other, the length of fubril bundle F is cut off two ends form certain-length and make.

Secondly, as above-mentioned a plurality of fubril bundle F for made, the fixing fixedly fubril bundle F of member 14 that controls by the two ends of controlling each fubril bundle F respectively.At this moment, control the fixing fubril bundle F group of member being held in, importantly making phase transformation turn to liquid embedding medium 12 at the spaced apart proper spacing W of the fubril bundle F of adjacency can be around each fubril bundle F to enter its inside.In addition, this interval W has difference to enter difficulty between fubril bundle F, the therefore character that decides suitable optimum value to get final product according to experiment according to the character of use embedding medium 13.For example, when using phase transformation to turn to liquid water, with 0.5 millimeter or above serve as preferably, be more preferably 2 millimeters or more than.

Among the present invention, constitute the free degree of the long filament group motion of each fubril bundle F by embedding material 12 fixed constraints.Therefore, phase transformation being turned to liquid embedding medium 12 for around fubril bundle F group's periphery and between importing between each fubril bundle F, is important with the deep centre portion that can arrive this each fubril bundle F easily.This just introduces thus for it is specialized, and constitutes the indignant thought that phase transformation turned to when liquid embedding medium 12 enters the deep centre portion of each fubril bundle F and required " maximum demand enter distance ".

Therefore, be described as follows with reference to Figure 11 at the present invention's illustrated above-mentioned " maximum demand enter distance ".Among this Figure 11, Figure 11 (a) is illustrated as the occasion that its cross section has the fubril bundle F of flattened rectangular shape, and Figure 11 (b) is illustrated as the occasion that its mould section has the fubril bundle F of flattened oval shape.And L is the expression center line.

In these 2 embodiment, it is to arrange with predetermined interval W each fubril bundle F is not contacted each other that phase transformation turns to liquid embedding medium 12, so embedding medium 12 can easily be centered around the periphery of fubril bundle F.Consequent problem is can make then like this around easy equally each the darkest inside of fubril bundle F that arrive of the embedding medium 12 of each fubril bundle F periphery.At this moment, among the embodiment of Figure 11 (a), " entering apart from dmax of maximum demand " is identical value along the length direction in cross section as shown, but occasion as Figure 11 (b), as shown, form at the thickness of the fubril bundle F in cross section and take the entering of maximum demand on the maximum position apart from dmax.

Used " flat " of the present invention is the cross section (with the section on the vertical direction of the filament length direction of fibre bundle) from fiber bundle F, the maximum length of smooth bearing of trend (claim " lateral length ") and therewith the ratio (claiming " aspect ratio=longitudinal length/lateral length ") of the minimum length of right angle orientation (claiming " longitudinal length ") for being not more than 1/3.For example, when specifying above-mentioned " aspect ratio " with the embodiment of Figure 11 (a) and Figure 11 (b), in the fiber bundle F of rectangular cross-section with Figure 11 (a), " aspect ratio " is meant " the minor face length/length length of side ", and in the fibre bundle in the oval cross section with Figure 11 (b), " aspect ratio " then is " length of the length/major diameter of minor axis ".

Among the present invention, embedding medium 12 is easily entered till the deep centre portion of fubril bundle F, therefore be no more than 5 millimeters for wanting with entering of maximum demand apart from dmax.Its reason is, when making the thin filament group bunchy of 0.001～10dtex, each between this filament group atomic at interval thin so.Therefore embedding medium 12 can not fully enter its inside.Therefore, enter into the deep of fubril bundle F in order to make embedding medium 12, the thickness of fubril bundle F can not be excessive, so entering apart from dmax of maximum demand must be no more than 5 millimeters.

If connect airtight under the state of arrangement at each fubril bundle F, then embedding medium 12 is difficult to enter the deepest part of each fubril bundle F.Therefore, as long as each fubril bundle F is not contacted each other, be not particularly limited for its configuration with predetermined arranged spaced.In addition, for example as during the advantageous configurations of above-mentioned fubril bundle F example, when the position, cross section of fubril bundle F is on circle as shown in figure 10, except illustrated grid is configured to, as long as can satisfy the above-mentioned purport of the present invention, can suitably select, for example circumference encloses any configuration of configuration, zigzag configuration etc.

But, as in the above-mentioned fiber bundle F after bubble etc. is sneaked into embedding treatment the time, can cause missing the reason of cutting because embedding medium (embedding material) the filament group who limit occurs.For this reason, the present invention must make in the fiber bundle F after bubble etc. can not be sneaked into embedding treatment.Therefore, below be that to make water (ice) be example as the occasion of embedding medium (embedding material) at adopting, in the embedding medium (embedding material) not the method for residual bubble be illustrated.

At this moment, can suitably used embedding medium 12 be can enter the character between the filament group easily, to have excellent permeation and dispersed for preferred.The embedding medium 12 that surfactant and phase transformation are turned to liquid condition mixes when using, and can make embedding medium be impregnated into the inside of fubril bundle F easily.Moreover, especially can illustration such as the water of mixed interface activator as above embedding medium.

But, though the fubril bundle F that forms the embedding treatment object within it portion have slight void as described above, but in its space common state between yes across air.Therefore, when air is present among the fubril bundle F with its state continuance, even the fibre bundle of these fubril bundles F bunchy is immersed in the embedding medium 12, the air between the filament group can cause obstruction and embedding medium 12 is fully entered among the fubril bundle F at interval.

Therefore, when carrying out embedding treatment, remove to preferably,, air is discharged to preferred in container with by the vacuum attraction in the container of embedding treatment with the air that will be present in fubril bundle F inside in advance by embedding medium 12.And, after removing the air that is present in the filament group inside that constitutes fibre bundle, carry out embedding treatment, can make embedding medium be immersed in fibre bundle inside more well.Wherein, use to schematically illustrate at this point and make Figure 12 that fibre bundle involved in the present invention uses and be described in detail as follows.In addition, among this Figure 12, the 13rd, carry out the container of the embedding treatment identical with Fig. 9 illustration, other 15 is expression deaeration grooves, the 16th, the expression vacuum suction device, and 17 are expression vacuum pipe arrangements.

More than in the defoaming device of Gou Chenging, as illustrated in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, F puts into container 13 with the fubril bundle.And, with container group 13 put into deaeration groove 13 airtight make deaeration groove 15 form airtight after, the air that attracts in the deaeration grooves 5 by vacuum suction device 16 via vacuum pipe arrangement 7.And, forming after the vacuum state, the inlet 13a from container 13 is gone in the container 3 by the weight feed infusion with embedding medium, is filled in each container 3 Yi Bian make embedding medium enter the interior embedding medium with scheduled volume of fiber bundle F fully.

Moreover this moment, vacuum state was to get final product with the vacuum that general vacuum suction device 16 can reach degree, must not limit its vacuum, served as preferred but for example hold in the palm the vacuum of (Torr) degree with 10～300.Its reason is when 10Torr is following, makes water violent as the evaporation of embedding medium, and must use the water of unnecessary evaporation capacity, and is unsatisfactory.Again, in case when surpassing 300Torr, owing to can not fully remove the bubble of fibre bundle inside, also not ideal.

But the present invention finishes constantly in deaeration, still has embedding medium 12 to be liquid condition, therefore must phase transformation turns to solid state and makes its curing, by the fixing filament group of embedding material.Therefore, the deaeration groove 15 after deaeration is finished opens in the air, and the container group 3 under this state in the cooling deaeration groove 15 is solidified the embedding material 2 that embedding medium 12 forms solid state.

In above-mentioned deaeration step, embedding medium is injected before the container group 13, the container group 13 that will contain fiber bundle F inserts in the deaeration groove 15, and the air in the vacuum attraction deaeration groove 15 is discharged air from container group 13 inside then.But, also can adopt and this diverse ways, at first embedding medium 12 is filled among the container group 13, and the container group 13 behind the filling embedding medium 12 is put into deaeration groove 15, the method for vacuum attraction.At this moment, more necessary occasion of thoroughly removing bubble also can adopt the state that is in cooling bath 5 under the vacuum state with cooling in the cooling bath 15, and embedding medium 12 is solidified.Again, on the contrary, also can with vacuum attraction deaeration groove 15 in opposite, add and be pressed into high pressure, the pressure debubble that carries out the bubble in the embedding medium 12 is preferred Implementation Modes.And and above-mentioned method simultaneously, and will having the compatibility with fiber, and the interfacial agent with defoaming is blended in the embedding medium 12 and with being preferred Implementation Modes.

As the interfacial agent that is blended in the embedding medium 12, when being the example explanation with the interfacial agent of the washing agent that is contained in the dress material product, this interfacial agent is being undertaken oil mass or the dirty composition that surrounds attached to dress material product fiber, and be impregnated into the gap of fiber and oil mass or dirty composition, at last with these oil masses or dirty function of removing from fiber.But and embedding medium 12 mixes when using above-mentioned interfacial agent, and embedding medium 12 can be impregnated in filament group's the gap well.So, embedding medium 12 is impregnated in the minim gap between the filament group, when embedding medium 12 makes the filament group moistening, even when still having the pettiness gas between residual filament group, embedding medium can surround this pettiness air by the effect of interfacial agent, removes after isolating residual pettiness air.And, embedding medium because and have bigger compatibility between the filament group, therefore can carry out embedding treatment more well.

In addition, but have the both sexes interfacial agent etc. of CATION interfacial agent, amino acid whose alkali metal salt or alkyltrimethylammonium base second inner salt etc. of the anion interfacial agent, the 4th utmost point ammonium salt etc. of interfacial agent, aliphatic acid, the Arrcostab of the ester class of the interfacial agent illustration of above function such as polyolefin glycol and ether, alkali metal salt of sulfuric acid etc.

Among the present invention, with before carrying out embedding treatment, embedding medium 12 boiled processing after, discharging the gas componant that is dissolved in the embedding medium 12 in advance is preferred Implementation Modes.Its reason is as above-mentioned when carrying out in advance, carry out embedding treatment during, can prevent to cause being dissolved in the bubbleization of air in the embedding medium 12 because of certain reason.Therefore, can be suppressed at the inner bubble that produces of fiber bundle F, strengthen because of solidifying the restraint of embedding material in back for the filament group.

In addition, embedding medium 12 phase transformations change into solid state and when getting back to the embedding material, in this step, in order to report the generation of bubble in the system fiber bundle F, with the cost adequate time, for example 8 hours so that 48 hours makes gently phase change and be cured as preferred of above-mentioned embedding medium 12 for a long time.Its reason is to be less than 8 hours occasion, before the bubble degassing of fiber bundle F, can make embedding medium 12 solidify, and forms the state that bubble remains in fiber bundle F inside, and is therefore undesirable.On the other hand, when surpassing 48 hours, the manufacturing time of fiber bundle F is long, and is unsatisfactory from the viewpoint of production efficiency.Moreover, the method that the means of the time till adjusting embedding medium 12 solidifies can suitably select to regulate chilling temperature, and the method for the interim chilling temperature of reduction automatically.

Secondly, make the condition that institute in the icing processing that water makes that fiber bundle F freezes must consideration.Wherein, the Figure 13 at this some reference knot expression on one side ice embodiment of the icing treating apparatus of handling usefulness is described in detail as follows.Wherein, Figure 13 is the summary pie graph that icing processing method of the present invention and its icing treating apparatus of illustrative use its device of illustration to constitute, and imposes the figure of cut-away section.

Among this Figure 13, icing treating apparatus of the present invention comprises: refrigerating plant 21, icing container 22, fixture 23, pressure-reducing chamber 24, gas-liquid separator 25, exhaust apparatus 26, heater 27, little generation device 28 and control device 29 of shaking.In addition, the part of surrounding with two pecked lines among Figure 13 is the refrigerating plant 21 that constituted such as freezer for example, being provided as the usefulness of the water (embedding medium) that dipping is rested on freeze interior the fiber bundle F of container 22, is to impose the processing (embedding treatment) of freezing by water (embedding material) as above-mentioned fiber bundle F.In addition, this refrigerating plant 21 is not limited only to illustrative freezer, also can be with the mode of tank immersion in the refrigerant bath of freezing.

Wherein, fiber bundle F is that the state that its two ends is being kept close yarn by fixture 23 is fixing down, subsequently, cuts off its two ends and forms with the outside of fixture 23.And, under the state that this fiber bundle F is fixed by fixture 23, under the state of hanging in the container 22 that freezes that is filled with the water that outgases in addition after handling, leave standstill.

At this moment, the top of above-mentioned icing container 22 is provided with the pressure-reducing chamber 24 of the lid member that has the container 22 that freezes concurrently.In addition, set up the heater 27 that when freezing processing this pressure-reducing chamber 24 is heated usefulness in the periphery in this pressure-reducing chamber 24.And this heater 27 is to freeze and be provided with from its formed water surface portion as postponing to be filled in the water that freezes in the container 22.That is, the maximum when function of this heater 27 is 4 ℃ in the density of the water of supply with to freeze handling, therefore 0 ℃ water is pushed by the freeze lid component portion of container 22 of top, has to realize the function that prevents that the formed water surface of this lid component portion from beginning to freeze.

Its reason is, if when being formed on the water surface of the lid component portion of the container 22 that freezes and freezing, is dissolved in air in the water of its underpart along with the generation of icing on the water surface, can increase the air concentration that is dissolved in the water, and therefore forms bubbleization in water.And the air after this bubbleization is owing to form ice up, therefore can stop its degassing and is enclosed in inside.But, utilize the heating of the lid component portion of 27 pairs of icing containers 22 of above-mentioned heater, with freezing on the water surface that prevents to be formed on this lid component portion.Thus, the air after the bubbleization is outgased easily from water surface that this freezes.The air that is dissolved in the water when in addition, freezing water freezing in the container 22 forms bubbleization because water in 0 ℃, has 2.78 * 10 in atmosphere ^-2The air dissolves degree, but the air dissolves degree that freezes in the back ice because of water is zero, therefore the air that is dissolved in the water exists with gas in ice along with freezing of water.

At this moment, above-mentioned lid component portion double as is pressure-reducing chamber 24, therefore from this pressure-reducing chamber 24 by exhaust apparatus 26 with the air exhaust after the bubbleization.So, when the water integral body in the container 22 that freezes was freezed to finish, the air of bubbleization can not remain in the ice.In addition, because heater 27 is being undertaken this important function, serve as preferred can set its heating-up temperature of control and heat time heating time arbitrarily.Therefore, the control device 29 of control heating-up temperature is set with as the means that make its specific usefulness.

At this moment, imposing heating-up temperature and heat time heating time according to heater 27 is to decide to preferably with experiment etc.Its reason is, in the container 22 that freezes in case during the water integral body after finishing filling icing, do not had the meaning of in advance heater 27 being moved by refrigerating plant 21.On the contrary, owing to can require refrigerating plant 21 to continue to use like this, be disadvantageous in view of operating cost.And in the manufacturing step of extremely short fiber, the both ends of handling the back fibre bundle that freeze are to excise with cutting knife.Therefore, be filled in water integral body in the container 22 that freezes and finish that to carry out refrigeration operation till freezing constantly meaningless.Therefore,, do not had and continued the necessity of carrying out as long as finished the icing processing of fiber bundle F by the part of cutting knife excision.

At this moment, the gas-liquid separator of in advance gas and fluid separation applications being used 25 is installed in the rear section side in above-mentioned pressure-reducing chamber 24.And, under above state through the exhaust pipe arrangement by the exhaust apparatus 26 that comprises vavuum pump and exhaust blower etc., will be present in that to carry out exhaust under the weak negative pressure of air with 30～650Torr in the pressure-reducing chamber 24 on the water surface serve as preferred.Wherein, the decompression degree of 24 inside, above-mentioned pressure-reducing chamber is to be set in as serving as preferred under the above-mentioned weak negative pressure, be to promote freeze evaporation of water in the container 22 of required above being filled in when big, can improve simultaneously that to constitute equipment cost or the running cost that equipment with above ability uses not be very wise move because decompression is spent.On the other hand, decompression is spent hour, and freezing, it is unsatisfactory to reduce the effect that the air of underwater bubbleization is discharged when handling.

As above-mentioned, from containing from the air of the water spittle that pressure-reducing chamber 24 attractions are discharged moisture is removed, only air is vented to outside the system by exhaust apparatus 26 from the exhaust pipe arrangement.Therefore, the bubble that produces in the water is handled in the degassings that rest in the icing container 22 of the fiber bundle F that is filled with the water after the other degassing is handled, when perhaps fiber bundle F rests in the container 22 that freezes and the gas that enters simultaneously of fiber bundle F etc. freeze handle in still constantly or intermittence attract exhaust.

According to above-mentioned device, in the processing (embedding treatment) of freezing, still can continue to attract exhaust effectively, the air of bubbleization can well carry out exhaust equally in the processing of therefore freezing.But the preferred little vibration with icing container 22 of this operation is combined, makes the air bubbleization that is dissolved in the water energetically in icing container 22, makes bubbling polymerization and the increase buoyancy of growing up, and utilizes heating to encourage it from keeping the water surface degassing of the state that do not freeze.By little vibration of fiber bundle F and water, can with attached to the air of fiber bundle F from the fibre bundle sur-face peeling, also very effective for this point.In addition, in alleged " the little vibration " of the present invention, supplemental instruction comprises " the ultrasonic vibration " that the irradiation ultrasonic makes its vibration simultaneously.

Thus, in order to produce above little vibration, the side of the container 22 that freezes or below the optional position set up and can utilize this little vibration generating apparatus 28 to give icing container 22 whole little vibrations easily from little vibration generating apparatus 28 of container 22 dismountings of freezing.Moreover above little vibration generating apparatus 28 can use known little vibration generating apparatus such as electromechanical vibrator, sound equipment formula vibrator.At this moment, must be by vibration frequency or amplitude that little vibration generating apparatus generated according to the size or the shape of the container 22 that freezes, perhaps therefore the condition of the total fiber number of fibrousness F etc. and changing serves as preferred to cooperate these conditions can set the predetermined value of change in advance arbitrarily.

Moreover, under the state of setting up on the container 22 that freezes as above-mentioned little vibration generating apparatus 28, freeze and handle fiber bundle F, still the density with respect to 0 ℃ of water is 0.9988g/cm ³, the density of 0 ℃ of ice is 0.917g/cm ³Must consider the expansion of about 10% volume when therefore, water forms ice in advance.From above reason, during water freezing in the icing container 22 of certain volume, can produce when producing inner defective for the be full of cracks of cause, slight crack etc. along with the volumetric expansion of ice, during with the building up by welding flakiness shape of the fiber bundle F after freeze handling, can cause problem making well on the extremely short fiber with 0.1 millimeter or following fibre length.

In addition, the container 22 that freezes is owing to be arranged in the cold and detached device 21, and inner water is that the side surface side from the container 22 that freezes begins to freeze, but as above-mentioned lid component portion be by heater 27 heating, so the water of this part can form last freezing.Therefore, the growth of ice is that the bottom wall side from the container 22 that freezes slowly produces, and give the little vibration of water of not freezing, freezing except the top of the container 22 that freezes of the water in the container 22 that therefore freezes is to carry out towards the top that the lid member exists from freeze container 22 bottoms and sidepiece.

With respect to this, when not using device of the present invention, be to begin to freeze around wall from the top that contains the water surface and icing container 22 surrounds the water that freezes, gently freeze towards inside.Therefore, in case when the water that freezes of closed interior begins to freeze, along with the internal stress of the volumetric expansion of the ice of this moment be thereby generation homolysis, slight crack.But the present invention can make the water that does not freeze move freely towards the top by according to reason discussed above when icing.Thus, can reduce water and be varied to the internal stress that volumetric expansion produces when icing, prevent generation of defects such as be full of cracks, slight crack.

Certainly, as the icing processing of the water in the above-mentioned container 22 that freezes, also very effective as the point of the bubble in the ice of embedding material for eliminating.Its reason is to make the air that is dissolved in freeze water bubbleization on one side, and makes the water of the air after the gassiness alveolation in the end freeze, and can eliminate thus as the bubble in the ice of embedding material.Therefore, make dissolved gas form gas at the periphery of fiber bundle F and can not freeze, by the cutting of cutting knife, for example can not cut extremely short fiber, but precision be produced well in a large number by mistake with 0.1 millimeter following fibre length.

As above-mentioned, the present invention is between the above and below of container 22 that freezes, and gives little vibration with the state with uniform temperature gradient for the water in this icing container 22, or stirs on one side rotationally with per minute 50 that it is frozen is preferred embodiment.At this moment, be cooled to-1 ℃～-20 ℃, the temperature on the top (lid component portion) of the container 22 that freezes is heated to 0 ℃～5 ℃ for preferred with the bottom of the container 22 that for example will freeze and the temperature of side surface part.And the bottom and the side surface part of the container 22 that will freeze thus remain on predetermined low temperature, and top remains on the result of predetermined high temperature, and water is that the bottom from the container 22 that freezes freezes towards the top, so the air after the bubbleization can not be closed in the container 22 that freezes.

Water if freeze in the container 22 produces vibration by little vibration generating apparatus 28 grades, and the water of Jie Binging does not just produce motion frequently.Therefore, the bubble of being caught in the water that begins to freeze is flicked and is got back in the water that does not freeze.Final fiber bundle F is by the transparent ice embedding treatment of no bubble.Moreover, be described as follows at above-mentioned thermograde, cooling frozen, and to be set in-1 ℃～-20 ℃ (serve as preferred with-2 ℃～-5 ℃) be that can cause can not be icing from the bottom of icing container 22 because thermograde can too relax during than the high temperature of this temperature for the temperature of container 22 bottoms.And the heating double as is for cover the pressure-reducing chamber 24 of member, and it is that the top from icing container 22 begins to freeze when remaining below this temperature that the water temperature of this part is set in 0 ℃～5 ℃ (serve as preferred with 0 ℃～2 ℃), meeting CAB and can not breaking away from from top.

In addition, the embedding material (embedding medium) that the present invention uses is except above-mentioned ice (water), also can use when for example heating such as dry ice produces phase transformation from solid and turns to gas (gasification), perhaps for example turn to the material of liquid (liquefaction) during the ice heating from solid generation phase transformation.Its reason is, above embedding material is added the amorphous and low viscous flow regime of thermosetting such as gas or liquid, and Free Transform is round fiber bundle F thus, and, because low viscosity can easily enter between the filament group who constitutes fiber bundle F.In addition, under above state, be cooled to temperature that embedding medium solidifies when following, the filament group who constitutes fiber bundle F forms incorporate state curing with the embedding material.Therefore, even cutting force acts on the filament, filament is also unlikely to break away from the state of the power effect that realization can be big easily from cutting knife.

As above-mentioned, be a principal character of the present invention at first with embedding material embedding treatment fiber bundle F, but above-mentioned embedding material can make the local paraffin that uses except above-mentioned dry ice or ice, especially can use the thermoplastic resin with the molecular weight that significantly is lower than the embedding treatment fiber.Moreover, as long as its melting temperature or melting viscosity are low, can separate then with the extremely short fiber of making easily and especially do not limited, for example also suitable service condition be can cooperate and oligomerization polyester, oligomerization polystyrene, oligomerization polyethylene etc., known low-molecular-weight thermoplastic resin used.

Another principal character of the present invention is that extremely short fiber can separate easily and fully with the embedding material after the cutting in the manufacture process of extremely short fiber.Therefore, in order to arrive easily and to separate completely, serve as preferred as the embedding material to use dry ice or water, as described above, serve as preferred especially to use ice.And, when using ice, as described above, can use simple device that fibre bundle is frozen especially for preferred as the embedding material.

Again, as the dry ice of embedding material or the material beyond the ice, for example, can adopt by the embedding medium after the dissolving meltings such as organic solvent and be removed the method for by drying steps organic solvent being removed from the extremely short fiber separation subsequently for the occasion of using paraffin or thermoplastic resin.As above-mentioned, manufacturing method according to the invention can prevent very well as known technology, sneaks into other material in the extremely short fiber of making.

When using dry ice,, place under the common processing temperature (for example, maintaining 20 ℃ room temperature), can easily and simply the embedding material be separated from extremely short fiber as long as note under the condition of dry ice gasification formation carbon dioxide, not cutting as the embedding material.

When using ice, it to be higher than 0 ℃ temperature heating, by drying steps, can be separated extremely short fiber subsequently easily and simply with the embedding material as the embedding material.As above-mentioned, among the present invention, when icing as the embedding material, can use heat drying or drying at room temperature as above-mentioned use.

But, when carrying out heat drying or drying at room temperature, the deterioration of change in size or quality, when forming high baking temperature or extremely short fiber especially remarkable when making by the composite fibre that comprises two kinds of different adhesion heat moldable resins.Must be noted that the occasion of the optical interference fiber drying of being put down in writing as Japanese patent laid-open 11-241223 communique especially.Its reason is, the fiber of this kind is that the light with institute incident replaces bonding polymer and interferes and replace the bonding thickness that presents the polymeric layer of bright-coloured color, and the wavelength of corresponding incident ray is controlled with micron order.Therefore, under above-mentioned frozen state, use can dewatered freeze-dried method be preferred.As above-mentioned, in above composite fibre, though heat drying that can be above-mentioned or drying at room temperature equally, with use freeze-dried method as will cut the back attached to the state of extremely short fiber down the residual moisture drying means of removing serve as preferred.

From preventing the purpose of this change in size or quality badness, the present invention also can use can be under the state of low temperature dry freeze-dried.Its reason is, freeze-driedly be, make ice can not revert to water attached to the extremely short fiber surface, but the drying means that directly moisture is distilled and removes as steam from the state of ice, therefore in freeze-dried, do not need extremely short fiber is heated and can keep the state of low temperature fully.Therefore, can not produce when carrying out drying, when making water (ice), can make moisture drying very easily by freeze-dried as embedding medium (embedding material) as above-mentioned problem.

When inspection was suitable for freeze-dried condition, big more with the surface area of supplying with freeze-dried raw material, it was preferred can getting over and make the steam distillation effectively.About this point, in the manufacture method of extremely short fiber of the present invention, owing to be with the building up by welding flakiness shape of cutting knife with icing fibre bundle, therefore new cutting face appears seriatim, and during the manufacturing of extremely short fiber, its surface area reaches very large state.But, aggregation with respect to the extremely short fiber that is cut under the above freeze-dried appropriate state, when being positioned over its coherent condition, can make that the cutting face of new generation is overlapping to each other in case do not do any disposal, not at all easy and therefore surface area that produce volume promptly can reduce its surface area.

Therefore, can utilize the great advantage of the cutting new high surface area that produces.As above-mentioned, among the present invention, with interval air between lamelliform icing extremely short fiber, it is preferred forming the aggregate of making back extremely short fiber gathering.So, the aggregate that icing extremely short fiber constituted after the cutting is promptly as so-called " water ice " assemble in regular turn to present the sheet state.Therefore, between the aggregation of extremely short fiber and ice mixing, form the aggregate of the space acquisition porous matter of air at interval.Moreover cold insulation is being kept its porous matter state when making the undissolved temperature of ice (being lower than the temperature of the molten point of ice) at this moment.The raw material supplying that only needs to present above-mentioned porous matter shape is when freeze-dried, and it is long-pending to obtain big desiccated surface, has the rate of drying of acquisition advantage rapidly.

Implement thisly when freeze-dried, importantly cold insulation makes the unlikely water that returns to of ice after the cutting step imposes embedding treatment in advance.Therefore, reason from then on obtains being attached under the condition that the ice on the extremely short fiber will melt the extremely short fiber that freezes to be assembled for preferred.Ice when being dissolved into the temperature of water if they remain on, must therefore must make the water freezing of dissolving once again, can cause the waste of the energy by freeze-dried method drying.And moreover, this moment, the meeting on every side of extremely short fiber was frozen under with the state of water embedding.Therefore, can not make, and cause promoting difficulty on the rate of drying, when the result removes moisture by freeze-dried method, must expend the longer time as above-mentioned porous matter state.

According to above-described reason, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is, in the step of the icing extremely short fiber after assembling cutting, sprays into and is cooled to sub-zero air and makes the extremely short fiber soft landing of freezing, thus, form to each other with the icing extremely short fiber after the cutting and build bridge and assemble.At this moment, certainly must adjust icing extremely short fiber aggregate gathering thickness with avoid making its not reason assembled the weight of icing extremely short fiber own, and destroy the bridge formation of not at all easy formation.Therefore, make the freeze gathering thickness of extremely short fiber of cutting back form roughly that homogeneous serves as preferred with the method for the means of the taking in transverse movement of using the extremely short fiber that freezes etc.And to supply with freeze-dried be that drying steps with simplification and simplification serves as preferred being contained under the state of the means of taking in the extremely short fiber that freezes.Therefore, in the above occasion, be forming minute opening about the above-mentioned contact-making surface of taking in after means and the cutting of icing extremely short fiber, this point is to be that steam is preferred by the ice distillation equally.

Of the present invention being characterized as: be not cut staple bundle F, but the material that is cut that fibre bundle constituted after the embedding treatment is cut into thin slice shape, make extremely short fiber thus.Wherein, the related embodiment of topping machanism of extremely short fiber is made in cutting at the fibre bundle after embedding treatment, and is as follows with reference to description of drawings.

Figure 14 is the summary formation picture of device of the manufacturing installation of extremely short fiber of the present invention, wherein 31 is to be cut material (fibre bundle after embedding treatment that will cut), 32 for maintenance means, 33 are that outstanding length adjustment means, 34 are that cutting knife, 35 is that the contact pressure applies means, 36 for driving means, 37 is to give prominence to length adjustment means (not shown in Figure 14), 38 to be the recovering means of extremely short fiber, and 39 is pallet.Reference marks A represents to press with predetermined contact the abutment plane of the tool table 33 of pushing the cutting end face that is cut material 31, and this abutment plane A is the cutting basal plane, therefore must form to have sufficient flatness and flatness.But diagram has been omitted cold insulation means and/or cooling way that maintenance means 13 possess among Figure 13, but it will illustrate later on.The recovering means of staple fibre reclaims the extremely short fiber after the cutting, and for example collection bag or cylindrical vessel are arranged on around the periphery of the tool table 33 that rotates.

Contact is pressed and applied means 35 is can realize will being cut the function of material by the abutment plane A that is pressed in tool table 33 with predetermined power.As shown, it comprises that contact presses generating apparatus 35a, connecting rod member 25b, presses towards the contact that is cut material and pass on member 35c and fixed component 35d, through said fixing member 35d positioning and fixing on pallet 39 (39c).The example that the means that apply are pressed in contact as shown for by work such as compressed-air actuated pressure or oil pressure the fluid pressure working cylinder.But the present invention is not limited only to the illustrative embodiment of Figure 14, as long as the contact that can be scheduled to is pressed by the abutment plane A that is pressed in the tool table 33 that is cut material 31, promptly can use effectively.As known can be continuously or the intermittent Handling device that transports, for example, can use a pair of conveyer belt or roller clamping to be cut material 31 and the device of carrying etc.

In the example of Figure 14, driving means 36 comprises the rotating drive means with rotating drive tool table 33, the fixed component 36g that it comprises the hydraulic motor that forms power supply source or passes on member 36d, rotating driveshaft 36e, bearing 36f and bearing 36f as the power that the power of the drive unit 36a of motor, driving side passes on member 36b, power to propagate member 36c, slave end.Drive unit 36a and fixed component 36f difference positioning and fixing are on pallet 39b.The end of rotating driveshaft 36e is provided with the power of slave end and passes on member 36d, and the other end is provided with tool table 33, in addition by the pivotally connected freely to rotate portion therebetween of bearing 36f.

Therefore, when the power that comes automatic drive device passes on member 36d to be conveyed to rotating driveshaft 36e as rotatory force via the power reception and registration 36b of portion of driving side, power that power is propagated member 36c and slave end, then drive the tool table 33 that is located at this rotating driveshaft 36e other end and make it to rotate.Power pass on the concrete example of member 36b and 36d can illustration as band tooth coaster, vee-belt with coaster, gear etc., but and power propagate member 36c then illustration such as toothed timing belt (toothed belt), vee-belt, chain, idler gear etc.

One or more cutting knifes 34 (being designated as cutting knife 34a and 34b among the figure) that slicing material 31 is used with the acquisition extremely short fiber are arranged on the tool table 33 towards the radial direction radial by its pivot, therefore simultaneously when rotating drive cutting knife 34 and tool table 33, the material 31 that is cut that is connected to tool table 33 is cut by this cutting knife 34.At this moment, the revolution of tool table 33 can freely change to preferably with the characteristic that cooperation is cut material 31, for example can freely be adjusted into per minute 0.05～1, and 500 change.Moreover, the modification of above-mentioned revolution is as with the alternating current motor of known drive unit 36a as induction conductivity or synchronous motor etc., by the convertor controlled frequency, or be provided with that drive unit 36a cuts off DC current as pulse motor and the drive assembly of controlled frequency is carried out.

More than the embodiment of Xiang Xishuominging will be cut the device that this cutting knife 34 of material 31 butts obtains extremely short fiber about rotating cutting knife 34, but also can opposite predetermined fixed cutting knife 34 with this, rotate and be cut the device embodiment that material 31 is connected to cutting knife 34 cutting extremely short fibers.Also can make cutting knife 34 or be cut material 31 and come and go the rotational motion that rectilinear motions replace cutting knife 34 or are cut material 31 again.It is important in this that be cut material 31 and the cutting knife 34 that comprise above-mentioned fibre bundle 31a are moved relative to each other towards cutting direction, the cutting end face with above-mentioned fibre bundle 31a cuts into thin slice shape thus.

Principal character of the present invention is that slicing material 31 is to make extremely short fiber.Therefore, be described in detail as follows with reference to Figure 15 at this " embodiment of cutting ".

Figure 15 is the front cross sectional view of wanting portion's (cutting portion) to enlarge of expression Figure 14, among this Figure 15, is cut material 31 and is made of the fibre bundle 31a of above-mentioned embedding treatment in embedding material 31b.At this moment, fibre bundle 31a is constituted by numerous filament groups after closing yarn, and the total fiber number of fibre bundle 31a is set at 10,000～1,000 ten thousand dtex.Again, necessity that the total length of the fibre bundle 31a that use this moment especially limit is still considered operation and productivity, when especially more considering the easiness etc. of embedding treatment, serves as preferred with 5～1000 millimeters.But, the example of Figure 15 is that expression will cut into the fibre bundle 31a of predetermined length by embedding material 31b, the Implementation Modes that in the other step different, carries out embedding treatment and cut with batch processing with the cutting step, but cutting also can be carried out continuously, thus, the fibre bundle 31a that constitutes by continuous filament group continuously embedding treatment in embedding material 31b.

It should be noted,, as the detailed description of embedding treatment, can have embedding material 31b in the inside of fiber bundle F certainly though diagram is omitted the embedding material 31a that is present in fibre bundle 31a inside among Figure 15.Especially along with the increase of the total fiber number of fibre bundle 31a, the filament group who constitutes fibre bundle 31a moves towards the direction (the blank direction of arrow among Figure 15) that cutting knife 34a moves when cutting, in order to prevent to break away from, the necessity that must be limited its freedom of motion by embedding material 31b is arranged from cutting knife 34a.

Again, as the illustration of Figure 15, the cutting knife 34 that is arranged on tool table 33 can be adjusted from the abutment plane of tool table 33 and freely give prominence to only outstanding length C.For example, can freely adjust this outstanding length C below 1 millimeter, serve as preferred with 0.001～0.1 millimeter height.So, utilize to constitute to contact and press the contact pressure that applies means 35 parts to pass on member 35c, present the cutting end face that is cut material 31 constantly presses on the abutment plane A of tool table 33 with predetermined contact pressure state.Therefore, rotate when being arranged on the cutting knife 34 of tool table 33, corresponding adjusted outstanding length C can will have the extremely short fiber of 0.005 millimeter to 1 millimeter fibre length (especially 0.005 millimeter to 0.1 millimeter fibre length) from being cut material 31 cuttings.Moreover the thickness that uses cutting knife 34 is to cooperate the characteristic that is cut material 31 with suitable optimized design item, and it is suitable using 0.2～12.0 millimeter thickness.

At this, when describing with reference to embodiment shown in Figure 16 at the adjustment of the outstanding length C of cutting knife 34, the adjustment of this outstanding length C can be undertaken by outstanding length adjustment means 37.Among Figure 16, outstanding length adjustment means 37 comprise the sliding component 37a of fixed cutting tool 34 on it and constitute as the fixed component 37b with hexagon ring bolt that member 37a and 37b are installed on the peristome O that is arranged on tool table 33 as shown.Among Figure 16, F is the sliding surface that forms on the opening O of tool table 33 that sliding component 37a slides thereon.H is when unclamping the locking of said fixing member 37b, makes sliding component 37a can be free to slide the slotted hole of usefulness with respect to glide direction.G is the chimeric groove in the bottom of sliding component 37a, and this groove is arranged on the shown position of the opening O of the glide direction tool table 33 of sliding component 37a.

Outstanding length adjustment means 37 of the present invention are the embodiment that constitute as Figure 16, therefore use when unclamping fixed component 37b such as the hexagon ring bolt such as instruments such as die nuts, sliding component 37a can be free to slide along the projected direction of cutting knife 34 by groove G guiding restriction.When the state that use type frame etc. makes outstanding length maintain predetermined length C was locked member 37b, cutting knife 34 can be adjusted predetermined outstanding length C.In this Figure 16, as mentioned above, from the paper vertical direction of tool table 33, promptly extension is provided with one or more cutting knifes 34 from pivot (axle center of rotating driveshaft 36e) along radial direction.

As above-mentioned, the manufacturing installation that uses utmost point short fiber of the present invention to be, by the cutting that is cut material 31, can obtain extremely short fiber, but during long-time slicing material 31, when the temperature of the operating environment that cuts is higher than the solidification temperature of embedding material 31b, can make embedding material 31b gasification or liquefaction can not realize its effect.Therefore, need in keeping being cut the maintenance means 32 of material 31, cold insulation means (not shown) be set, perhaps when only being not enough to tackle, cooling way (not shown) be set also, make embedding material 31b obtain unlikely gasification of abundant cold insulation or liquefaction with the cold insulation means.In order to achieve the above object, also can local cooling be cut material 31 around, or topping machanism integral body is cooled to preferred Implementation Modes.

As above-mentioned, in the cutting that is cut material 31, the present invention serves as preferred with the cooling way that possesses cooling and be cut material 31 usefulness.And even when carrying out machining under the temperature conditions with above-mentioned embedding material 31b fluidization or gasification, cooling way will be cut material 31 and be cooled to till the proper temperature thus, keep the solid state that makes embedding material 31b not produce phase change.

At the related embodiment of the manufacturing installation of the extremely short fiber that possesses above-mentioned cooling way, be described in detail as follows with reference to Figure 17.

Figure 17 is the summary formation picture of device of embodiment of the manufacturing installation of explanation extremely short fiber of the present invention.Among this figure, 61 (61a and 61b) are that coolant piping, 62 (62 and 62b) is a holding wire for temperature-sensitive sticker, 63 (63a and 63b), and 64 is the refrigerator unit.Moreover the device that comprises above-mentioned coolant piping 61, said temperature sensor 62, above-mentioned holding wire 63, above-mentioned refrigerator unit 64 and temperature control device (not shown) is to constitute cooling way of the present invention.

At this, be described as follows at the embodiment of the illustrative cooling way of the present invention of Figure 17, this cooling way for example possesses refrigerator unit 64, and in addition, it is inscape that this refrigerator unit 64 possesses a series of refrigerating plants such as compressor, condenser, safety valve.Therefore, through coolant piping 61a and 61b with fluorine carbon refrigerant, substitute as refrigerant and respectively circulation in coolant piping 61a and 61b such as fluorine carbon refrigerant, iso-butane, ammonia, ethylene glycol or ethanol, by the rotation of freeze cycle, can will be cut material 31 or cutting knife 34 is cooled to required chilling temperature.

When carrying out this cooling,, can make the directly circulation in coolant piping 61 of this cooled cryogenic gaseous gas and refrigerant with cryogenic gaseous gas adiabatic expansion.When not needing to be cooled to the occasion of its low temperature, also can cool off for the first time by the refrigerant of the above-mentioned cryogenic gaseous gas in cooling back with salt solution etc., make refrigerant circulation in cold coal pipe arrangement 61 such as this first cooled salt solution, the secondary cooling is cut material 31 and/or cutting knife 34.On the contrary, will be cut material 31 more when being cooled to low cryogenic temperature, the also liquid gas of known liquid nitrogen of method generation or liquid oxygen etc. necessarily for example, with this as refrigerant circulation in coolant piping 61.

The embodiment of Figure 17 is that illustration makes and keeps being cut the maintenance means 32 of material 31 or the system of cutting knife 34 contact coolant piping 61a and 61b cooling, but can certainly be for example at the arranged outside water jacket of maintenance means 32 etc., make the refrigerant circulation in this water jacket.In addition, though it is more complicated on the device, but the refrigerating chamber that internal environment is cooled to proper temperature also can be set, in this refrigerating chamber, will comprise whole cooling such as the topping machanism that is cut material 31 or cutting knife 34 etc., perhaps only must cool position cool off locally.

As described above, though the present invention is cut material 31 by cooling way cooling, but the known above-mentioned material 31 that just is not cut, serve as preferred with cutting knife 34 simultaneously.Its reason is for being cut material 31 when the long-time continuous machining, because and the friction of cutting material 31 and when making the temperature of cutting knife 34 in a single day rise, can make the cutting rust of cutting knife 34, or make the wearing and tearing of cutting knife 34 remarkable, perhaps be subjected to the influence of thermal expansion etc. and the influence of the fibre length of extremely short fiber etc. after making variations such as the outstanding length of cutting knife be subjected in the cutting way, changing cutting.

At this moment, when using its fusion temperature to form 10～150 ℃ the resin of lower molecular weight or paraffin,, therefore have and to take place with the state of affairs of powerful ground of embedding material 31b fixed constraints fibre bundle 31a because embedding material 31b is softer as embedding material 31b.Even above occasion still can utilize above-mentioned cooling way will be cut material 31 coolings, for example be refrigerated to 0～-100 ℃, the hardness of control embedding material 31b.So, by the control of embedding material 31b hardness, can present the situation that suitably limits the freedom of motion of fibre bundle 31a with embedding material 31b.Moreover in this example, being fit to the freezing temperature that is cut material 31 is owing to can be changed by embedding material 31b, finally is with the actual machining of carrying out therefore, decides proper temperature for preferred by experiment.

As above-mentioned, the chilling temperature that is decided by experiment is memory means of remembering the temperature control device that is constituted at diagram abridged micro computer etc. in advance, uses when material 31 or cutting knife 34 are cooled to appropriate state in order to be cut.In addition, about temperature control is for example to utilize to be installed in to control the temperature-sensitive sticker 62a that for example thermocouple equitemperature test side of controlling member 14 that is cut material 31 is constituted, perhaps be installed in cutting knife or fix that the same temperature-sensitive sticker 62b that constitutes detects the temperature that is cut material 31 and cutting knife 34 respectively on the fixed component 5 of this cutting knife, import the said temperature control device as controlled variable via the interface means that possesses converter or A/D frequency converter (analogy/numerical digit frequency converter) etc. with the temperature that detects.And,, make that according to the above-mentioned refrigerator of certain method FEEDBACK CONTROL unit being cut material 31 or cutting knife 34 maintains the proper temperature that is determined with above-mentioned experiment and get final product with the detected temperatures of this input.

But the cooling way that the present invention uses is not limited only to use the mode of above-mentioned refrigerant, also can use other mode.For example, above other modes also can adopt as what schematically illustrate and utilize Peltier's element and the type of cooling cooled off.Among this Figure 18,65 is that Peltier's element, 66 is the distribution wire of Peltier's element for heat sink, 67, and 68 is adiabatic material.Be simply described as follows at above-mentioned Peltier's element 65 at this, the element that this Peltier's element 65 promptly utilizes so-called " amber ear card effect ", have by electric current and convert electric power to heat energy interelement flowing, the function of control temperature, generally be when alternately connecting P type thermoelectric conversion element and n type thermoelectric conversion element with electrode, have by the constituting of this electrode surface of insulated substrate clamping, have its simple structure and maneuverable advantage.

Therefore, the Peltier's element 65 that will have an above characteristic is bonded on when using on the cutting knife 34 of heating, can capture the heat back from cutting knife 34 and disengage from heat sink 66, removes thus from the heat energy of cutting knife 34 heatings.And, by above-mentioned, can keep the uniform temperature of cutting knife 34, can give the stabilisation of cutting knife 34 cutting abilities.At this moment, as long as cutting knife 34 is fixed on the fixed component 37 by adiabatic material 68, promptly can with fixed component 37 hot cutting off, be not very big Peltier's element 65 even therefore use cooling capacity, still cutting knife 34 can be controlled at predetermined temperature, therefore use coideal.In addition, the control of the temperature of cutting knife 34 is that the temperature that will be detected with the temperature-sensitive sticker 62b that is installed on the cutting knife 34 is input to via holding wire 63b and omits in the illustrated temperature control device, can be with the current value FEEDBACK CONTROL supplied with by distribution wire 67 to Peltier's element 65.

Moreover, be not only outside the shape of round bar shape by the shape that is cut material 31 that maintenance means 32 keep, also can adopt quadrangular prism shape, hexagonal cylindricality, elliptical cylinder-shape etc., perhaps the arbitrarily shape such as cylindricality of its cross section with sweet diagram shape.The above condition of shape the time with embedding material 31b embedding treatment fibre bundle 31a, for example be infused in the fibre bundle 31a and the water that close yarn in the kettle (container freezes), in this kettle, allow water freezing carry out the occasion of embedding treatment, be cut the shape of material 31 about shape because of kettle.And, also can change according to the condition of controlling member 32a of the maintenance means 32 that keep being cut material 31.

The manufacturing installation of extremely short fiber of the present invention is except above embodiment, promptly press with predetermined contact and push the cutting end face that is cut material 31 constantly with respect to the abutment plane A above the tool table 33 that forms, outside the embodiment by cutting knife 34a cutting, also can adopt the embodiment of the following stated.

The embodiment of the following stated does not press the cutting end face that will be cut material 31 to press on the abutment plane A that is formed on above the tool table 33 with predetermined contact, but, be supplied in cutting knife 34a forcibly and cut by cutting knife 34a only with the scheduled volume of the fibre length that is equivalent to slicing material 31.And, after the cutting end face with cutting knife 34a slicing material 31, so that subsequently cutting begin during, only with the scheduled volume of the fibre length that is equivalent to slicing material 31, overlappingly be supplied in cutting knife 34a once more forcibly and by the order of cutting knife 34a cutting.Therefore, this moment, device of the present invention was to possess the intermittent supply mean of only supplying with the amount supply cutting knife 34a that is equivalent to the fibre length that will cut with scheduled volume.

Only can adopt with scheduled volume as the concrete formation of above-mentioned supply mean and to supply with cutting knife 34a and/or to be cut the known technology that the cutting of material 31 usefulness is habitually practised with lathe.Wherein, omit its detailed description at this.But can lifting wherein, an example is cut the grips that material 31 slides and can control really for being provided with not make.Be provided with spirality feeding groove the axle on set up this grips.This is only rotated with predetermined rotational angle, only be cut material 31 with scheduled volume with respect to the intermittent supply of cutting knife 34a thus, this is known feed means at intermittence.At this moment, can adopt servo motor such as pulse motor to make axle rotate a predetermined rotational angle.

Among the above-described embodiment, be cut that the cutting end face of material 31 is unlikely to be continued to be connected on the abutment plane A of tool table 33, therefore but cutting end face butt cutting knife 34a during cutting only has the cutting end face that is cut material 31 and produces the advantage of the influences such as vibration of tool table 33 or cutting knife 34a when being difficult to be subjected to rubbing or during cutting.

The invention provides and a kind ofly can make the method that extremely short fiber is used well by machining, below describe embodiment in detail with reference to Figure 19 and Figure 20 while promoting production efficiency.Figure 19 and Figure 20 are extremely short fiber is made in explanation by the present invention schematic illustration.

To, serve as preferred when fibre bundle 31a cuts out 0.005～1.0 millimeter extremely short fiber while keeping being cut material 31 slicing materials 31 with maintenance means 32 in position near cutting knife 34.Can avoid embedding material 31b to be out of shape because of the impulsive force in when cutting easily like this, or for the material of easy damaged, the power that acts on during cutting concentrate on fixed part as ice or dry ice.Therefore, for the maintenance means 32 that realize above function importantly the direction represented of the blank arrow in the figure give and support or keep with respect to being cut the cutting knife 34 that material 31 relatively moves.

Therefore, above-mentioned maintenance means 32 can be shared the function that acts on the power that is cut material 31 and can realize sharing near the position of cutting knife 4 when cutting.Therefore, these maintenance means 32 also can be cut material 31 to constitute incomplete maintenance by the type frame that for example is connected to the guide plate that is cut on the material 31, are cut material 31 but support with respect to the opposite direction of the direction that is cut material 31 effect from cutting force.Moreover, be cut material 31 and fixing member at controlling, fixedly be cut material 31 so long as can control well, can use known chuck.But,, control and fix this resin part for more firm controlling is cut material 31 and fixedly the time, also can fixedly be made of the state of the fibre bundle 31a bottom that is cut material 31 parts the resin of sticker etc.

Secondly, in the method for the present invention, machining by the end face F that is cut material 31 that fibre bundle constituted after the embedding treatment is made extremely short fiber, but can illustration wraps the device of cutting mechanisms that lathe uses such as bed or milling machine as having known planer, slotting machine, carpenter as this concrete device that is cut material 31 usefulness of cutting.But the present invention also can divert the original state that above-mentioned known devices constitutes and use, and still, also can transform the mechanism with these known lathes or the part of formation.

Especially be in planer etc. about the workpiece that is installed in workbench (the present invention is " embedding treatment in embedding material 31b fibre bundle 31a constituted be cut material 31 "), form the block of one during for example with respect to feedback system track continuously, occasion of the present invention, different is must be cut material 31 with each independently numerous to be arranged in the point that digs the system direction and dispose.But the present invention arranges to erect with dense state respectively to be provided with numerous and to be cut under the state of material 31, again with these embedding treatment in the embedding material, form the block of one, and this supplied with workbench.

Therefore, at a part that constitutes at the manufacturing installation of extremely short fiber take with known planer in fact identical mechanism be described as follows with the embodiment that makes extremely short fiber.

To be illustration be cut material 31 with numerous to Figure 19 arranges to erect and be arranged on the workbench, and that cuts these is cut material 31, by the end face F of the fibre bundle 31a that in embedding material 31b, imposes embedding treatment with short cutting to obtain the embodiment of staple fibre.Figure 19 is that expression is with respect to the 1st going (L1) to eighth row (L8) longitudinally, till respectively from the 1st horizontal row (R1) down to the 16th row (R16), arrange each other the material 31 that is cut of 128 (8 row * 16 row) is erect the example that is arranged on the workbench, but the present invention is not limited only to above number or arrangement certainly satisfying under the purport of its invention.

At this moment, mainly be that the 31 groups of alignment of material that are cut that will form vertical cut end face F with respect to the length direction of fiber fixedly make its all cutting end face F form level, its reason is, at least one cutting knife 34 cutting these when being cut material 31, the cutting end face F that forms benchmark forms horizontal alignment.But the level of above cutting end face F is not necessary before beginning to be cut the plane system of material 31.Its reason is before for example digging system, even when forming the cutting end face F do not line up, the roughing that can be cut end face F by these forms the water surface Pingdu of the cutting end face F that is cut material 31.But carry out rough machined part this moment, because length of cut is inconsistent, therefore removed before carrying out actual cut preventing and mix with the extremely short fiber goods.

If numerously be cut the arrangement that material 31 as above-mentioned Figure 19 represent, when setting is arranged on workbench (not shown) preparation, be cut the machining of the end face F of material 31 simultaneously, the be cut material single with machining compares, and certainly more improves the output of extremely short fiber.As above-mentioned, can set numerous every setting continuously and be cut material 31, numerous 31 groups of materials that are cut of dense arrangement can be imbedded in the embedding material that each single space that is cut between the material 31 is filled, make these integrated after, form again " new be cut material ".And, when using known planer etc. to carry out the plane system of above formation " new be cut material ", can make a large amount of extremely short fiber of extremely short fiber with 0.005～1.0 millimeter.

But, though being the numerous arrangements of expression, Figure 19 is cut material 31 mass-produced examples, still, just be not cut material 31 as the embodiment of Figure 20, also can be provided with by numerous arrangement cutting knifes 34, and thus, can improve the production efficiency of extremely short fiber.In addition, among this Figure 20, Figure 20 (a) is schematically illustrating front view, and Figure 20 (b) is to schematically illustrate side view.This embodiment is that numerous of cutting at one time processing is cut material 31 and can produces extremely short fiber in a large number by the cutting knife 34 on the tool table 33 of 16 that are arranged on vertical and horizontal (from 4 * horizontal 4).

But the direction that the illustration of cutting material such as Figure 20 (b) is laterally represented towards figure empty arrow is cut when mobile, and formation can be adjusted the overhang that is cut material 31 with respect to cutting knife 34 respectively.For example, among Figure 20 (b), the cutting position is provided with the amount of the fibre length of the extremely short fiber when only being equivalent to make at the cutting knife that is cut material 31 34 of R8 position in the cutting position at the cutting knife that is cut material 31 34 of R7 position, and material 31 is side-prominent towards being cut.Identical relation also is applied to cutting difference position at the R9 of Figure 20 (b) and the cutting knife that is cut material 31 34 of R10 position.

Manufacture method by work example explanation extremely short fiber of the present invention is as follows.

At first, the filament group bunchy that polyester is constituted forms the fibre bundle of 2,000,000 dtex, and the state that fibre bundle is immersed in the water of filling in the kettle freezes down, and obtaining with ice is the material that is cut of embedding material.Utilization has the cutting end face of the rotary cutter material 31 that cut-out obtains to be cut of round cutter, forms neat cutting face, obtains the cylindrical material 31 that is cut of φ 75 millimeters * 40 millimeters long.Use is at the device identical with Figure 14 illustration, by becoming the member clamping of controlling that pair of cylinders constituted half-and-half to be cut material 31.The outer part setting of controlling member of controlling maintenance means 32 parts in formation makes the water jacket of refrigerant (salt solution) circulation, will keep means 32 to be cooled to-4 ℃.

Then, adopt 50 millimeters of cylinder diameter φ, the cylinder that its length of stroke is 100 millimeters is pressed the means 35 that apply as contact, and the compressed air of supplying with 0.11MPa is to this cylinder, with the above-mentioned material 31 that is cut by on the abutment plane A that is pressed in tool table 33.And tool table 33 is to change with per minute 30 through toothed belt with the reverse motor with reductor rotating driveshaft (tool table 33) is rotated.At this moment, the cutting knife 34 that uses is that 25 °, cutter sweepback angle are 30 ° high-speed steel as 0.25 millimeter of thickness, cutter setting angle.At this moment, be 0.02 millimeter with the outstanding length adjustment of cutting knife 34, when carrying out machining, can obtain fibre length and be 0.025 millimeter extremely short fiber.After draining the water from the extremely short fiber that is obtained, that this hot blast with 120 ℃ is dry in known air drier.Make the cutting face of dried extremely short fiber form neat state, the staple fibre that does not have mistake to cut in fact.

The extremely short fiber that method constructed in accordance obtained, because its fibre length is to cut into 0.005 millimeter to 1 millimeter, especially at 0.005 millimeter to 0.1 millimeter, therefore can expect for example specially to open flat 11-241223 communique and put down in writing the optical interference fiber that extremely to lack and sneak in the binding agent, use as coating with this, or sneak into the version of making up and use, perhaps staple fibre processing with, sneak into purposes widely such as use as the toning raw material of printing machine etc.

In addition, can stablize and easily make 0.005 millimeter to 1 millimeter according to manufacturing installation of the present invention,, and extremely reduce mistake and cut fiber especially at 0.005 millimeter to 0.1 millimeter extremely short fiber, therefore its accuracy of manufacture is good, can the extremely short fiber of commercial scale manufacturing.

Claims (34)

1. A method for producing ultra-short fibers, which is characterized in that a large number of single fiber groups are made parallel to each other in the fiber length direction to form a bundled fiber bundle, and an embedding agent that is vaporized or liquefied by heating is used embedding the fiber bundles, solidifying the embedding agent to produce a cut material in which the fiber bundles are embedded in the embedding material, and placing the The cut end face of the fiber bundle after the embedding treatment is cut into a sheet shape to obtain extremely short fibers having a cut fiber length of not more than 1.0 mm. 2. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 1, wherein the produced ultra-short fibers have a fiber length of 0.05 to 0.1 mm. 3. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 1, wherein the produced ultra-short fibers are composite fibers including at least two different thermoplastic resins. 4. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 1, wherein the single fiber has a fineness of 0.001 to 10 dtex, and the total fineness of the fiber bundle composed of single fiber groups is 10,000 to 1,000 dtex. 10,000 dtex. 5. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 1, wherein the embedding material is composed of dry ice, ice, paraffin, and a thermoplastic resin having a melting point lower than that of the fiber bundle. At least one material selected from the group. 6. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 1, wherein the winding body is formed by winding multiple yarn slivers composed of many single fiber groups, and the yarn sliver in one or more winding bodies Unwinding and pre-winding, each yarn sliver unwound from several winding bodies is combined during supply and winding, and the structure is formed by winding on the winding frame while applying a predetermined winding tension A fiber bundle having a predetermined total fineness is obtained by overlapping and winding the sliver to be wound at the linear joining portion where the single fibers of the fiber bundle are parallel to each other, and then at least the single fibers constituting the fiber bundle The portion in which the clusters are in a linearly joined state is subjected to an embedding process in which the embedding agent in a liquid or gaseous state enters between the single fiber groups forming the fiber bundle while surrounding the fiber bundle, Cut the fiber bundles of the linear yams after the embedding treatment to produce a workpiece. 7. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 6, wherein the winding frame has a polygonal or rod shape, and each apex portion of the polygonal winding frame or the rod-shaped winding Both end portions of the yarn frame form bent portions of the fiber bundle, and the “linear joining portion where the single fibers constituting the fiber bundle are parallel to each other” is formed between the bent portions. 8. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 6, wherein a fiber bundle portion provided for embedding treatment is installed at the linear joint portion of the winding frame. Both ends of the frame are fixed, so that the single fiber group constituting the fiber bundle does not change its relative position, or an adhesive is impregnated at the two ends and the fiber bundle on the winding frame is removed from the After the winding frame moves out the fiber bundle, embedding treatment is performed on the removed fiber bundle under a state of applying a predetermined tension. 9. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, the numerous small fiber bundles obtained by making single fiber groups parallel to each other and forming bundles are divided and arranged without contacting each other to form fiber bundles, and the liquid The embedding agent in the liquid state enters between the single fiber groups while surrounding the fiber bundle, and then the embedding agent in the liquid state is changed from a liquid state to a solid state and solidified to produce a cut material. 10. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 9, wherein the small fiber bundles are formed in such a manner that the embedding material whose phase changes into a gaseous state or a liquid state enters the small fiber bundles. The maximum required entry distance in the fiber bundle does not exceed 5 mm. 11. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 9, wherein the small fiber bundles are flat. 12. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 9, wherein the embedding agent whose phase changes to a liquid state is degassed in advance. 13. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 1, wherein water is used as the embedding agent, and the fiber bundle is soaked in water filled in a freezing container, and then When making a workpiece in which the fiber bundle is frozen in water, the air on the water surface is exhausted from above the freezing container, and the surface of the water is heated to prevent the surface of the water from freezing. The water in the freezing container is frozen. 14. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 13, characterized in that the air exhaust on the water surface is carried out under a weak negative pressure of 30-650 Torr. 15. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 13, wherein a surfactant is mixed in the water. 16. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 13, wherein the freezing treatment is performed with microvibration applied to the freezing container. 17. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 13, wherein the ultra-short fibers cut in a frozen state are subjected to freeze-drying while maintaining the frozen state. 18. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 17, wherein when the end faces of the embedded fiber bundles are cut into thin sheets to produce ultra-short fibers, the cut-out fibers in a frozen state When the ultra-short fibers are stacked, air is contained between the ultra-short fibers to form a porous aggregate of ultra-short fibers, and the porous aggregate is kept cold at a temperature lower than the melting point of the freezing point. The aggregate kept cold was subjected to freeze drying. 19. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the workpieces are prepared, and the group of workpieces forming cutting ends perpendicular to the fiber length direction are fixed so that the The cutting surface is formed horizontally, the cutting end surface is planed with at least one cutting knife, and the embedding material is removed from the planed workpiece to obtain ultra-short fibers having a fiber length of 0.005 to 0.1 mm. 20. The method for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 19, wherein the workpiece is integrally encapsulated by the embedding material in a state where a plurality of the fiber bundles are arranged upright in a dense state. buried processing. 21. A manufacturing device for ultra-short fibers, which is equipped with at least a cutter for cutting a material to be cut, and the material to be cut includes a fiber bundle formed by unidirectionally joining single fiber groups and embedding with an embedding material; The tool table of the cutting knife; the holding means for holding the material to be cut so that the arrangement direction of the fibers is at right angles to the cutting direction of the cutting knife; and the holding means and/or the cutting table toward the The drive means for the relative movement of the cut material in the cutting direction, wherein the cutter cuts the cut material into thin slices to produce fibers with a fiber length of 0.005-1.0 mm after cutting. 22. The device for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 21, wherein the holding means is equipped with a cold storage means and/or cooling maintenance means for maintaining the temperature at which the embedding material does not change from a solid state to a liquid state or a gaseous state. means of cooling. 23. The ultra-short fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the driving means is a means of rotationally driving or reciprocating linearly driving the tool table. 24. The device for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 21, wherein the driving means is a rotating driving means for rotating the tool table, and the tool table is provided with one or more protruding cutters , these cutting knives are radially arranged from the rotation center of the tool table toward the radial direction. 25. The ultra-short fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the rotational speed of the tool table rotated by the rotational driving means is freely adjustable. 26. The apparatus for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 21, wherein the abutment plane on which the cutting end surface of the workpiece abuts is formed on the tool table, and the tool rests against the abutment plane. The connecting plane is protruding, so that the length of the ultra-short fiber obtained after cutting the fiber bundle is 0.005-1.0 mm. 27. The ultra-short fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 26, further comprising a protruding length adjusting means capable of freely adjusting the protruding length of the cutting blade from the contact plane. 28. The ultra-short fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 26, further comprising contact pressure applying means for bringing the workpiece into contact with the contact plane at a predetermined contact pressure. 29. The device for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 24, wherein a device is attached to the cutter to discharge the heat generated by the cutter during the cutting process to maintain the cutter at a constant temperature. means of cooling. 30. The device for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 21, further comprising a freezing treatment device that freezes the fiber bundle in water and at least has a fiber bundle filled with a fiber bundle that is immersed in a static state. The freezing container of the water of the fiber bundle is provided on the upper part of the freezing container and maintains the airtight cover member inside the container, and the upper part of the container including the water surface of the water filled in the freezing container is heated to A heating device for preventing freezing, a freezing device for cooling the frozen container, and an exhaust device attached to the cover member. 31. The ultra-short fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 30, further comprising a gas-liquid separator between the cover member and the exhaust device. 32. The ultra-short fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 30, further comprising a microvibration generating device for providing microvibration of the freezing container. 33. The ultra-short fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 21, further comprising a device obtained by forcibly intermittently supplying the workpiece to the cutting blade so as to cut the cut end surface of the workpiece. A means of supplying short fibers with a length of 0.005 to 1.0 mm. 34. The apparatus for producing ultra-short fibers according to claim 21, wherein the supply means intermittently supplies the material to be cut so that the cut end surface of the material to be cut only touches The means of connecting the blade.

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