CN1849947A - Semi-countercurrent multi-stage extracting process for reproducing tobacco leaves by paper-making method - Google Patents
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 6
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种造纸法再造烟叶半逆流多级萃取工艺，其特征在于在传统的多级逆流工艺的基础上进行下述的改进：将经过一个萃取过程之后得到的一级萃取液中的20～50％作为下一级萃取的萃取剂，剩余的50～80％作为萃取的产物。采用上述的萃取工艺，可以在保证一定萃取率的前提下，减少溶剂用量，提高萃取液浓度，降低萃取工序的耗水量，并且进一步减少浓缩工序的能耗。
A semi-countercurrent multistage extraction process for reconstituted tobacco leaves by papermaking, characterized in that the following improvements are made on the basis of the traditional multistage countercurrent process: 20-50% of the primary extract obtained after an extraction process As the extractant for the next stage of extraction, the remaining 50-80% is used as the extracted product. By adopting the above-mentioned extraction process, under the premise of ensuring a certain extraction rate, the amount of solvent used can be reduced, the concentration of the extract can be increased, the water consumption of the extraction process can be reduced, and the energy consumption of the concentration process can be further reduced.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种造纸法再造烟叶半逆流多级萃取工艺，属于造纸法烟草再造领域。The invention relates to a semi-countercurrent multistage extraction process of reconstituted tobacco leaves by a papermaking method, belonging to the field of tobacco reconstitution by a papermaking method.
背景技术Background technique
造纸法再造烟叶是以烟梗、碎烟片、烟末等烟草废料或低等级烟叶为原料，采用萃取原理和造纸工艺，制造而成的一种烟草原料。烟草中可溶性成分的萃取是造纸法再造烟叶制造工艺中的关键工序之一，其理想的工艺目标是耗用较少的溶剂，达到较高的萃取率，得到浓度较高的萃取液。Papermaking reconstituted tobacco is a kind of tobacco raw material manufactured from tobacco waste such as tobacco stems, shredded tobacco pieces, tobacco powder, or low-grade tobacco leaves, using the extraction principle and papermaking process. The extraction of soluble components in tobacco is one of the key processes in the papermaking reconstituted tobacco leaf manufacturing process. The ideal process goal is to consume less solvent, achieve a higher extraction rate, and obtain an extract with a higher concentration.
目前造纸法再造烟叶萃取工艺流程有一次到三次及以上顺流或逆流形式，采用单罐、罐组或连续萃取方式。现有公开的技术文献中，多是以逆流的形式进行萃取，如美国专利US4270552，其公开了一种造纸法再造烟叶的逆流三级萃取工艺，烟叶依次连续经过第一～第三萃取器，新鲜水从第三萃取器引入，然后连续进入前一萃取器，所得的一级萃取液全部进入脱水阶段。文献WO20041005也公开了烟叶的三级处理工艺，烟叶依次在三个萃取器中充分浸没，溶剂的流动方向与烟叶相反，作为萃取器的新鲜水在第三个萃取器加入。以上两种方法都没有进行分流工艺，溶剂消耗很大，后续的浓缩工序耗能也很大。因此目前工艺流程的不足主要表现单纯采用顺流或逆流方式，耗用溶剂多，萃取液浓度低，带来后续浓缩工序耗能大。At present, the extraction process of reconstituted tobacco leaves by the papermaking method has one to three or more downstream or countercurrent forms, and single tank, tank group or continuous extraction methods are used. In the existing published technical documents, most of them are extracted in the form of countercurrent, such as U.S. Patent US4270552, which discloses a countercurrent three-stage extraction process for reconstituted tobacco leaves by papermaking method. The tobacco leaves pass through the first to third extractors successively. Fresh water is introduced from the third extractor, and then continuously enters the previous extractor, and all the obtained primary extracts enter the dehydration stage. Document WO20041005 also discloses a tertiary treatment process for tobacco leaves. The tobacco leaves are fully submerged in three extractors in sequence. The flow direction of the solvent is opposite to that of the tobacco leaves. The fresh water used as the extractor is added in the third extractor. The above two methods do not carry out a split process, the solvent consumption is very large, and the subsequent concentration process consumes a lot of energy. Therefore, the shortcomings of the current technological process are mainly manifested in the simple use of downstream or countercurrent methods, which consume a lot of solvents, and the concentration of the extract is low, resulting in high energy consumption in the subsequent concentration process.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种新的萃取工艺，保证一定萃取率的前提下，减少溶剂用量，提高萃取液浓度，降低萃取工序的耗水量，并且进一步减少浓缩工序的能耗。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new extraction process, under the premise of ensuring a certain extraction rate, reduce the amount of solvent, increase the concentration of the extract, reduce the water consumption of the extraction process, and further reduce the energy consumption of the concentration process.
本发明主要是根据三方面的特点：1)烟草物料吸水性很强，在萃取过程中逐步润胀，体积增大；2)多级萃取过程中，烟草总物料和可溶物逐级减少，萃取率逐级降低；3)多次逆流萃取后，溶剂萃取能力还未饱和。把逆流、顺流萃取两种方式结合起来，以较少的溶剂得到较高的萃取率和萃取液浓度，取得降低能耗的效果。The present invention is mainly based on the characteristics of three aspects: 1) the tobacco material is highly water-absorbing, gradually swells and increases in volume during the extraction process; 2) in the multi-stage extraction process, the total tobacco material and soluble matter decrease step by step, The extraction rate decreases step by step; 3) After multiple countercurrent extractions, the solvent extraction capacity is not yet saturated. Combining the two methods of countercurrent and downstream extraction, a higher extraction rate and concentration of the extract can be obtained with less solvent, and the effect of reducing energy consumption can be achieved.
一种造纸法再造烟叶半逆流多级萃取工艺，其特征在于在传统的多级逆流工艺的基础上进行下述的改进：将经过一个萃取过程之后得到的一级萃取液中的20～50％作为下一级萃取的萃取剂，剩余的50～80％作为萃取的产物。A semi-countercurrent multistage extraction process for reconstituted tobacco leaves by papermaking, characterized in that the following improvements are made on the basis of the traditional multistage countercurrent process: 20-50% of the primary extract obtained after an extraction process As the extractant for the next stage of extraction, the remaining 50-80% is used as the extracted product.
进一步的，以三级萃取为例，在传统的三级逆流萃取的基础上，将一个萃取过程之后得到的萃取液中的20～50％与第三级萃取得到的三级萃取液混合，作为第二级萃取的溶剂，另一部分作为萃取的产物进入下一道浓缩的工序。Further, taking the three-stage extraction as an example, on the basis of the traditional three-stage countercurrent extraction, 20-50% of the extract obtained after one extraction process is mixed with the third-stage extract obtained by the third-stage extraction, as The solvent of the second stage extraction, the other part enters the next concentrated process as the extracted product.
以三次逆流萃取为例，具体的萃取过程为：在首次萃取开始时，新鲜固体物料A和新鲜溶剂混合、搅拌、脱水固液分离，得萃取液A1和固体不溶物A1，萃取液A1去浓缩工序，固体不溶物A1中加入新鲜溶剂，混合、搅拌、脱水固液分离，得萃取液A2和固体不溶物A2，萃取液A2备用，固体不溶物A2中加入新鲜溶剂，混合、搅拌、脱水固液分离，得萃取液A3和固体不溶物A3，萃取液A3备用，固体不溶物A3进入下道工序；新鲜固体物料B和萃取液A2混合、搅拌、脱水固液分离，得萃取液B1和固体不溶物B1，萃取液B1去浓缩工序，固体不溶物B1中加入萃取液A3，混合、搅拌、脱水固液分离，得萃取液B2和固体不溶物B2，萃取液B2备用，固体不溶物B2中加入新鲜水，混合、搅拌、脱水固液分离，得萃取液B3和固体不溶物B3，萃取液B3备用，固体不溶物B3进入下道工序；新鲜固体物料C加入萃取液B2进行萃取，得萃取液C1和固体不溶物C1，萃取液C1去下道工序，固体不溶物C1加入萃取液B3进行萃取，依次类推，连续生产运行。在整个萃取过程中，固体物料依次经过第一萃取器——第二萃取器——第三萃取器，新鲜萃取剂从第三萃取器补充，依次进入第三萃取器——第二萃取器——第一萃取器进行萃取，整个循环过程之后的一级萃取液即为最终的萃取产物。本发明是在多级逆流萃取的基础上进行了改进。Taking three countercurrent extractions as an example, the specific extraction process is as follows: at the beginning of the first extraction, the fresh solid material A and fresh solvent are mixed, stirred, dehydrated and separated into solid and liquid to obtain the extract A1 and the solid insoluble matter A1, and the extract A1 is deconcentrated process, adding fresh solvent to solid insoluble matter A1, mixing, stirring, dehydration and solid-liquid separation, to obtain extract A2 and solid insoluble matter A2, extract liquid A2 for later use, adding fresh solvent to solid insoluble matter A2, mixing, stirring, dehydrating solid-liquid Liquid separation to obtain extract A3 and solid insoluble A3, extract A3 for later use, solid insoluble A3 enters the next process; fresh solid material B and extract A2 are mixed, stirred, dehydrated and solid-liquid separated to obtain extract B1 and solid Insoluble matter B1, extract B1 to the concentration process, add extract A3 to the solid insoluble matter B1, mix, stir, dehydrate and separate the solid and liquid to obtain the extract B2 and solid insoluble matter B2, extract B2 for later use, and add the extract A3 to the solid insoluble matter B2 Add fresh water, mix, stir, dehydrate and separate solid and liquid to obtain extract B3 and solid insoluble matter B3, extract B3 for later use, and solid insoluble matter B3 enters the next process; fresh solid material C is added to extract B2 for extraction to obtain extraction Liquid C1 and solid insoluble matter C1, extract liquid C1 goes to the next process, solid insoluble matter C1 is added to extract liquid B3 for extraction, and so on, continuous production operation. During the whole extraction process, the solid material passes through the first extractor-the second extractor-the third extractor in turn, and the fresh extractant is replenished from the third extractor, and then enters the third extractor-the second extractor- —The first extractor performs extraction, and the primary extract after the whole circulation process is the final extraction product. The invention is improved on the basis of multistage countercurrent extraction.
采用上述的萃取方式，可减少第三萃取器新鲜溶剂的补充，而通过部分萃取液回用，来保证第二、第一萃取器内的固体物料与溶剂的配比，保证整个萃取过程达到一定的萃取率，从而提高了萃取液浓度，减少了溶剂消耗和后道浓缩工序的能耗。The above-mentioned extraction method can reduce the supplement of fresh solvent in the third extractor, and reuse part of the extract to ensure the ratio of solid materials and solvents in the second and first extractors, and ensure that the entire extraction process reaches a certain level. The extraction rate is high, thereby increasing the concentration of the extract, reducing the consumption of solvent and the energy consumption of the subsequent concentration process.
本发明提供的萃取工艺中所述的萃取溶剂的用量为固体物料的3～6倍，萃取温度为50～80℃，萃取时间为30～90min，每级的脱水干度为25～35％。In the extraction process provided by the invention, the amount of the extraction solvent used is 3-6 times that of the solid material, the extraction temperature is 50-80° C., the extraction time is 30-90 minutes, and the dehydration dryness of each stage is 25-35%.
上述的工艺适用于罐组萃取和分段螺旋萃取。The above-mentioned process is suitable for tank group extraction and segmented spiral extraction.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
将顺流和逆流结合起来，在萃取率降低很小的情况下，可减少大量的水耗和下道工序浓缩时的蒸发耗热量。如附例说明，按照三级逆流方式，耗用5倍水，可达到萃取率为45.18％，而按照半逆流三级萃取方式，在耗用4倍水情况下，节省1倍水，萃取率可达42.23％，后道蒸发浓缩也可节省1倍水的蒸发热。假定年产10000吨造纸法薄片，产品得率按80％计算，需要年投料12500吨，如果节省1倍水，则可节省12500吨水，在常压下蒸发，1kg常温(25℃)下水加热汽化完全蒸发，需要耗能2573kj，依此年可节省3.22×1010kj的热量，按照1吨优质燃煤可产生3×107kj热量，年可节省1073吨煤，节省50多万元，同时可节省20％的蒸发设备投资，以及蒸发浓缩的人工费用。Combining forward flow and countercurrent flow can reduce a large amount of water consumption and evaporation heat consumption in the next process of concentration with a small decrease in extraction rate. As shown in the attached example, according to the three-stage countercurrent method, consuming 5 times the water, the extraction rate can reach 45.18%, while according to the semi-countercurrent three-stage extraction method, when consuming 4 times the water, the extraction rate can be reduced by 1 time. It can reach 42.23%, and the subsequent evaporation and concentration can also save 1 times the evaporation heat of water. Assuming an annual output of 10,000 tons of paper-making flakes, the product yield is calculated as 80%, and an annual feed of 12,500 tons is required. If water is doubled, 12,500 tons of water can be saved. Evaporate under normal pressure, and heat 1kg of water at room temperature (25°C) Complete evaporation of vaporization requires energy consumption of 2573kj. According to this, 3.22×10 10 kj of heat can be saved annually. According to 1 ton of high-quality coal, 3×10 7 kj of heat can be produced, and 1073 tons of coal can be saved annually, saving more than 500,000 yuan. At the same time, 20% of the investment in evaporation equipment and labor costs for evaporation and concentration can be saved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的半逆流三级萃取工艺的流程框图Fig. 1 is the block flow diagram of semi-countercurrent three-stage extraction process provided by the present invention
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1Example 1
在萃取条件为：65℃、每级萃取脱水干度为30％，物料在第一、二、三萃取器分别萃取40min、10min、10min，每次第三萃取器加入固体物料5倍质量的水，完全三次逆流萃取运行到第三萃取周期(正常稳定循环周期)，相对萃取率86％。The extraction conditions are: 65°C, the dehydration dryness of each stage is 30%, the material is extracted in the first, second, and third extractors for 40 minutes, 10 minutes, and 10 minutes respectively, and each time the third extractor is added with water 5 times the mass of the solid material , complete three countercurrent extraction runs to the third extraction cycle (normal steady cycle cycle), the relative extraction rate was 86%.
采用半逆流三级萃取流程，同样条件下，第三萃取器加入固体物料4倍质量的水，第二萃取器回用1倍第一萃取液，运行到第三萃取周期，相对萃取率可达到83％，同时可减少1倍质量耗水，以及也减少了该1倍水浓缩时的蒸发耗能。A semi-countercurrent three-stage extraction process is adopted. Under the same conditions, the third extractor adds water with 4 times the mass of the solid material, and the second extractor reuses 1 times the first extraction liquid. After running to the third extraction cycle, the relative extraction rate can reach 83%, at the same time, it can reduce the water consumption by 1 times the quality, and also reduce the evaporation energy consumption when the water is concentrated by 1 times.
采用半逆流三级萃取流程，同样条件下，第三萃取器加入固体物料3倍质量的水，第二萃取器回用2倍第一萃取液，运行到第三萃取周期，相对萃取率可达到81％，同时可减少2倍质量耗水，以及也减少了该2倍水浓缩时的蒸发耗能。A semi-countercurrent three-stage extraction process is adopted. Under the same conditions, the third extractor adds water with 3 times the mass of the solid material, and the second extractor reuses 2 times the first extraction liquid. After running to the third extraction cycle, the relative extraction rate can reach 81%, can reduce 2 times quality water consumption at the same time, and also reduced the evaporation energy consumption when this 2 times water is concentrated.
实施例2Example 2
在萃取条件为：50℃、每级萃取脱水干度为35％，物料在第一、二、三萃取器分别萃取30min、30min、30min，每次第三萃取器加入固体物料6倍质量的水，完全三次逆流萃取运行到第三萃取周期(正常稳定循环周期)，相对萃取率91％。The extraction conditions are: 50°C, the dehydration dryness of each stage is 35%, the material is extracted in the first, second and third extractors for 30min, 30min, and 30min respectively, and the third extractor is added with water 6 times the mass of the solid material each time. , complete three countercurrent extraction runs to the third extraction cycle (normal stable cycle cycle), the relative extraction rate is 91%.
采用半逆流三级萃取流程，同样条件下，第三萃取器加入固体物料5倍质量的水，第二萃取器回用1倍第一萃取液，运行到第三萃取周期，相对萃取率可达到89％，同时可减少1倍质量耗水，以及也减少了该1倍水浓缩时的蒸发耗能。A semi-countercurrent three-stage extraction process is adopted. Under the same conditions, the third extractor adds water with 5 times the mass of the solid material, and the second extractor reuses 1 times the first extraction liquid. After running to the third extraction cycle, the relative extraction rate can reach 89%, at the same time, it can reduce the water consumption by 1 times of quality, and also reduce the evaporation energy consumption when the 1 times of water is concentrated.
实施例3Example 3
在萃取条件为：80℃、每级萃取脱水干度为25％，物料在第一、二、三萃取器分别萃取40min、10min、10min，每次第三萃取器加入固体物料5倍质量的水，完全三次逆流萃取运行到第三萃取周期(正常稳定循环周期)，相对萃取率85％。The extraction conditions are: 80°C, the dehydration dryness of each stage is 25%, the material is extracted in the first, second, and third extractors for 40min, 10min, and 10min respectively, and water with 5 times the mass of the solid material is added to the third extractor each time. , complete three countercurrent extraction runs to the third extraction cycle (normal steady cycle cycle), with a relative extraction rate of 85%.
采用半逆流三级萃取流程，同样条件下，第三萃取器加入固体物料4倍质量的水，第二萃取器回用1倍第一萃取液，运行到第三萃取周期，物料萃取率可达到83％，同时可减少1倍质量耗水，以及也减少了该1倍水浓缩时的蒸发耗能。A semi-countercurrent three-stage extraction process is adopted. Under the same conditions, the third extractor adds water with 4 times the mass of the solid material, and the second extractor reuses 1 times the first extraction liquid. After running to the third extraction cycle, the material extraction rate can reach 83%, at the same time, it can reduce the water consumption by 1 times the quality, and also reduce the evaporation energy consumption when the water is concentrated by 1 times.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2356426C1 (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-05-27 | Олег Иванович Квасенков | Method for producing reconstituted tobacco |
| RU2357620C1 (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-06-10 | Олег Иванович Квасенков | Reconstituted tobacco production method |
| RU2365314C1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-08-27 | Олег Иванович Квасенков | Production method of reconstituted tobacco |
| RU2368291C1 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2009-09-27 | Олег Иванович Квасенков | Method of reconstituted tobacco production |
| CN102488319A (en) * | 2011-11-27 | 2012-06-13 | 中国海诚工程科技股份有限公司 | Continuous extraction method and device of papermaking reconstituted tobacco |
| CN102726824A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-10-17 | 江苏清大国华环保科技有限公司 | Reconstituted tobacco raw material continuous extraction process |
| CN106962972A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-21 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of counterextraction method for lifting discarded tobacco leaf quality |
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| CN110025975A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-07-19 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of online countercurrent screw extraction equipment of tobacco |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NZ221729A (en) * | 1986-09-15 | 1989-07-27 | Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv | Imidazolyl methyl-substituted benzimidazole derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions |
| US5183062A (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1993-02-02 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette |
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| RU2365314C1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-08-27 | Олег Иванович Квасенков | Production method of reconstituted tobacco |
| RU2357620C1 (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-06-10 | Олег Иванович Квасенков | Reconstituted tobacco production method |
| RU2368291C1 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2009-09-27 | Олег Иванович Квасенков | Method of reconstituted tobacco production |
| RU2356426C1 (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-05-27 | Олег Иванович Квасенков | Method for producing reconstituted tobacco |
| CN102488319B (en) * | 2011-11-27 | 2014-01-29 | 中国海诚工程科技股份有限公司 | Continuous extraction method and device of papermaking reconstituted tobacco |
| CN102488319A (en) * | 2011-11-27 | 2012-06-13 | 中国海诚工程科技股份有限公司 | Continuous extraction method and device of papermaking reconstituted tobacco |
| CN102726824A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-10-17 | 江苏清大国华环保科技有限公司 | Reconstituted tobacco raw material continuous extraction process |
| CN106962972A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-21 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of counterextraction method for lifting discarded tobacco leaf quality |
| CN106962972B (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2018-03-27 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of counterextraction method for lifting discarded tobacco leaf quality |
| CN107048465A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-08-18 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of dynamic gradient pH three-level counter-current extraction techniques of reconstituted tobacco offal raw material |
| CN107048465B (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-03-20 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of dynamic gradient pH three-level counter-current extraction techniques of reconstituted tobacco offal raw material |
| CN110025975A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-07-19 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of online countercurrent screw extraction equipment of tobacco |
| CN110025975B (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2021-09-10 | 云南农业大学 | Tobacco online countercurrent spiral extraction device |
| CN115606804A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-01-17 | 陈爱君 | Preparation method of cold-extracted wolfberry fruit primary pulp |
| CN117099997A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-11-24 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | A method for reconstructing tobacco leaf extraction |
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