CN1631325A - Memory alloy self-locking hoop - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a memory alloy self-locking type holding ring, which is a strip with perforated structure made of memory alloy material, the strip is made of sheet-like section bar and / or shaped wire rod. The advantages of the invention include strong resilient deformation capability, good stress uniformity, and stronger dependability.

Description

Memory alloy self-locking hoop

【Technical field】

The present invention relates to an orthopedic instrument, more specifically, the present invention relates to an orthopedic instrument for positioning and treating tubular bone fractures.

【Background technique】

Limb tubular bone fractures usually include the following different situations: transverse fractures, short oblique fractures, comminuted fractures, long oblique fractures, long spiral fractures, and long wedge-shaped bone fragments. At present, because the internal locking nail method and corresponding instruments have strong anti-rotation and anti-separation capabilities, it is more suitable for tubular bones with transverse, short oblique, or comminuted bones. For oblique fractures, long spiral fractures, and long wedge-shaped bone fragments, it is difficult to form interlocking and pressurization between the fracture ends during the operation, and the stability cannot be effectively maintained. The fracture ends are prone to loosening or displacement, and even lose their internal fixation. There may even be bent nails and broken nails, which is not applicable. For long oblique fractures and long spiral fractures on the tubular diaphysis of limbs, or long wedge-shaped bone fragments, the following treatment methods can also be selected: - Pressurized stainless steel plate: This method can pressurize the broken end of the bone at one time and passively, and can It overcomes the disadvantages of no pressurization effect on the broken bone and easy nonunion of the bone, but the stress concentration is likely to occur after the pressurized stainless steel plate is fixed, resulting in a stress shielding effect, which can damage the periosteum of the bone and lead to bone atrophy. -Stainless steel intramedullary needles: This method is more effective for tubular non-load-bearing bones of the upper limbs, and for load-bearing bones of the lower limbs. Due to the different widths of the medullary cavity, it is difficult for the needle body to form an effective 3-point or 4-point fixation, and it is resistant to shear and resistance. Insufficient rotation and anti-component force may develop bone nonunion and bone angulation. After surgery, it is often necessary to fix the fracture with an abduction frame, which affects the quality of life of the patient. In addition, the needle insertion point is close to the joint, and the needle tail affects the function of the joint. Resume training.

In order to solve the surgical shortcomings of long oblique fractures, long spiral fractures, or long wedge-shaped bone fragments on the tubular backbone of limbs, there is a Chinese patent/application document 02260022.1 which discloses a memory alloy tightener for tubular bone fractures of limbs, including The bone plate is characterized in that: the bone plate is in the shape of a long frame, the short lateral frame sides of which are arc-shaped, and the long frame sides on both sides have inwardly inclined arc-shaped wing-shaped embracing plates, and the upper part of the wing-shaped embracing plates on both sides has wings, Wings on the wing-shaped surrounding plates on both sides are staggered and embedded, and there are at least three wings on the top of the wing-shaped surrounding plates on both sides. It is said that its advantages are simple operation, little interference to the extramedullary blood supply of the fracture end, auxiliary maintenance of the stability of the fracture end, and improvement of the anti-shear, anti-rotation, and anti-bending capabilities of the intramedullary fixation. It can be applied directly, and no plaster external fixation is required after the operation, which is conducive to early functional training and recovery of injured limb function. However, the shape of the device is parallel strips, the elastic deformation ability is not strong, and the stress uniformity is not strong; and it cannot form a closed loop belt, and the tightening stress is provided by the phase change internal energy of the tightening device's own material, and the reliability is not good. powerful.

Similar to the above-mentioned device, there is a Chinese patent/application document 02260024.8 which discloses a memory alloy tightener for tubular bone fractures of limbs, which includes a bone plate. There is a protruding tail hook on the side of a short frame, and its height is 100% to 120% of the height of the inwardly inclined arc-shaped wing-shaped surrounding plates. There are wings on the upper part of the encircling plate, and the wings on the wing-shaped encircling plates on both sides are staggered and embedded. The protruding tail hooks on the short frame side are perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the bone plate. It is said that its advantages are simple operation, little interference to the extramedullary blood supply of the fracture end, auxiliary maintenance of the stability of the fracture end, and improvement of the anti-shear, anti-rotation, and anti-bending capabilities of the intramedullary fixation. It can be applied directly, and no plaster external fixation is required after the operation, which is conducive to early functional training and recovery of injured limb function. This device also suffers from similar disadvantages and problems as described above.

In addition, Chinese patent/application document 89217923.6 discloses a shape memory alloy rod for spinal correction, which is made of a titanium-nickel shape memory alloy with a recovery temperature of 30-45°C. The rotating device and the column are composed. It is said that clinical trials have proved that the use of this type of orthopedic rod is easy to operate and can effectively correct the patient's scoliosis. There is no need for plaster fixation after the operation, no nerve injury, fracture and other complications, and no obvious angle loss during the follow-up after the operation. . This method and device are not suitable for the treatment of long oblique fractures or long wedge-shaped bone fragments on the tubular diaphysis of limbs.

【Content of invention】

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the technical purpose to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a kind of elastic deformation ability, better stress uniformity, stronger reliability, more suitable for long oblique fractures on the tubular backbone of limbs, long Memory alloy self-locking hoop for treatment of spiral fractures or long wedge-shaped bone fragments.

For this reason, the technical solution of the present invention is a memory alloy self-locking hoop, which is a strip with a hole structure made of a memory alloy material, and the strip is made of a sheet-shaped profile and/or shaped wire. The memory alloy self-locking hoop of the present invention adopts a strip with a hole structure. Obviously, the strip formed by the hole structure has a larger room for elastic deformation than a simple linear material, and a larger elastic deformation can be obtained after being connected in series or in parallel. There is room for elastic deformation. Therefore, it is easier to overcome the stress shielding caused by stress concentration, periosteal injury and bone atrophy, and it is not easy to loosen or shift, and there is no phenomenon of bent or broken nails. Moreover, the hole structure provides a structural basis for the formation of a closed ring, which greatly improves reliability. It is very suitable for the treatment of long oblique fractures, long spiral fractures, or long wedge-shaped bone fragments on the tubular backbone of the limbs. Reliable, it can also be used as an adjuvant treatment for comminuted fractures. The strips of the present invention can be made by punching sheet-shaped materials, or by parallel arrangement and fixing of bent and formed wires into sheets.

In order to close the self-locking hoop and further increase the reliability, the hoop of the present invention also includes a hook device for hooking the eyelet of the strip to form a closed loop.

In order to further strengthen the above-mentioned basic advantages of the present invention, the present invention takes the following more specific improvement measures:

The hole structure has the same or similar geometric shape, and the hole shape of the hole structure is selected from a combination of one or more shapes of rhombus, polygon, circle, and ellipse, and the number of sides of the polygon is not less than 5 .

The eyelet structures are connected and extended to form a chain belt.

Five or more of said hole structures are connected in series to form a column. The strip is composed of a row of hole structures; or, the strip is formed by parallel connection of 2 to 3 rows of hole structures.

For the convenience of manufacture, the hole shape of the present invention is a symmetrical polygon. In a preferred embodiment, the shape of the symmetrical polygonal hole is a symmetrical hexagon.

The hook device is a bolt, or the hook device is a hook integrally formed on the eyelet structure at one end of the strip. There are one or more hooks; multiple hooks are fixed on one end of the strip in parallel or in series or in combination of series and parallel. The memory alloy is an alloy made of nickel-titanium.

In a word, the structural improvement of the present invention has the advantages of simple implementation, effective and low cost.

Below, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

【Description of drawings】

Fig. 1 is the main schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the embodiment of the present invention.

【Detailed ways】

As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3: a memory alloy self-locking hoop, the structure of the memory alloy self-locking hoop is a strip 1 with a hole structure 2, and the strip 1 is made of a sheet profile and/or Or made of shaped wire. The memory alloy is nickel-titanium material.

The hoop also comprises hook means 3 for hooking the eyelets of the strap 1 so as to form a closed loop. The hook device is a hook integrally formed on the eyelet structure 2 at one end of the strip 1 . Two hooks 3 are fixed on one end of the strip 1 in series.

The hole structure 2 has the same geometric shape, and the hole shape of the hole structure 2 is a symmetrical hexagon, and the hole structures 2 are connected and extended to form a chain strip 1 . The strip 1 is a column structure formed by a column of 10 hole structures 2 connected in series. The strip 1 can also be formed by connecting 2 to 3 rows of hole structures 2 in parallel.

During the operation, the memory alloy self-locking hoop 1 made of nickel-titanium material of the present invention is first immersed in a low-temperature environment to make it elongated and deformed, wrap the tubular backbone of the fractured limb at low temperature, and hook and fasten it to form a closed ring. After the closed hoop returns to the same temperature in the human body, the self-locking hoop of the present invention can tighten the long oblique fracture, the long spiral fracture, or the long oblique fracture of the tubular backbone of the limb tightly and uniformly. At the cuneiform bone block, it effectively helps the positioning and recovery of the tubular backbone of the limb.

Claims (10)

1. A memory alloy self-locking hoop, characterized in that: the memory alloy self-locking hoop is a strip (1) with a hole structure (2) made of memory alloy material, and the strip (1) ) is made of sheet profiles and/or shaped wires. 2. The memory alloy self-locking hoop as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the hoop further comprises a hook device (3) for hooking the eyelet of the strip (1) to form a closed loop. 3. The memory alloy self-locking hoop according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the hole structure (2) has the same or similar geometric shape, and the hole shape of the hole structure (2) is selected from A combination of one or more shapes among rhombus, polygon, circle and ellipse, and the number of sides of the polygon is not less than 5. 4. The memory alloy self-locking hoop according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the eyelet structures (2) are connected and extended to form a chain strip (1). 5. The memory alloy self-locking hoop according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 5 or more of the eyelet structures (2) are connected in series to form a row. 6. The memory alloy self-locking hoop according to claim 5, characterized in that: the strip (1) is composed of a row of hole structures (2); or, the strip (1) is composed of 2 to 3 rows of eyelet structures (2) are connected in parallel. 7. The memory alloy self-locking hoop as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shape of the hole is a symmetrical polygon. 8. The memory alloy self-locking hoop as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the shape of the symmetrical polygonal hole is a symmetrical hexagon. 9. The memory alloy self-locking hoop according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hook device (3) is a bolt, or the hook device (3) is integrated in the eyelet structure at one end of the strip The formed hooks; the number of said hooks is one or more, and the plurality of hooks are fixed on one end of the strip in parallel or in series or in combination of series and parallel. 10. The memory alloy self-locking hoop according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the memory alloy is an alloy made of nickel-titanium.

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