CN1678751A - Culture system, detection and analysis system and detection method for cancer cell colonies - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及癌变细胞集落的检测分析系统、癌变细胞集落检测方法以及使用于癌变细胞集落检测方法中的癌变细胞集落的培养体系。更加详细地说,本发明涉及含有软琼脂且通过软琼脂多层法加以实施的培养体系,和将使用该培养体系的细胞培养以及经过培养的细胞半自动化而检测出癌细胞集落的系统及其方法。The invention relates to a detection and analysis system for cancerous cell colonies, a method for detecting cancerous cell colonies, and a culture system for cancerous cell colonies used in the detection method for cancerous cell colonies. More specifically, the present invention relates to a culture system comprising soft agar and implemented by the soft agar multilayer method, and a system for semi-automating cell culture using the culture system and the detection of cancer cell colonies by cultured cells, and its method.
背景技术Background technique
虽然医疗技术已经取得了显著的进步,但在日本癌症依然是自从1981年以来主要的死亡原因。因此,整个社会开始关注癌症的预防工作。所以,必须在首先了解癌症发病过程的基础上才能更好地预防癌症。Although medical technology has made remarkable progress, cancer has remained the leading cause of death in Japan since 1981. Therefore, the whole society began to pay attention to the prevention of cancer. Therefore, we must first understand the process of cancer on the basis of better prevention of cancer.
通常致癌性物质滞留在体内时,可以通过生物体自身的防御能力而代谢掉大部分致癌性物质,并从体内排出。滞留在体内的一部分致癌物质经历三个阶段后将会最终导致癌症。首先,这些致癌物质在短时间(例如几天时间)内将会对细胞基因带来障碍,从而导致产生变异细胞。该变异细胞经历数年乃至数十年的潜伏期从而成为前期癌变细胞。最后,前期癌变细胞以较快的速度(例如一年时间)增殖,从而导致癌症。直至成为这样的前期癌变细胞为止,我们自身都不会有任何感觉,而且现在的医疗技术也很难检测出前期癌变细胞,所以一旦诊断为癌症,那么剩下的时间就不多了。Usually, when carcinogenic substances remain in the body, most of the carcinogenic substances can be metabolized through the body's own defense capabilities and excreted from the body. A portion of carcinogens that remain in the body will eventually lead to cancer after going through three stages. First of all, these carcinogens will cause obstacles to cell genes in a short period of time (for example, a few days), resulting in the generation of mutated cells. The mutated cells undergo a incubation period of several years or even decades to become precancerous cells. Finally, precancerous cells proliferate at a rapid rate (eg, over a year) to cause cancer. We will not feel anything until we become such precancerous cells, and it is difficult to detect precancerous cells with current medical technology, so once cancer is diagnosed, there is not much time left.
另一方面,通过流行病学调查得知大部分的癌症发病原因是由于我们生活的环境、特别是与饮食相关的生活习惯所造成的,这种看法已经越来越受到重视;为了实现长寿健康的社会,已经对“饮食与癌症预防”的关联性寄予了热切的关注。On the other hand, through epidemiological investigations, it has been known that most of the causes of cancer are caused by the environment we live in, especially the living habits related to diet, and this view has been paid more and more attention; in order to achieve longevity and health society, has paid keen attention to the connection between "diet and cancer prevention".
但是,如上所述从变异细胞成为癌细胞将要经历较长的时间,因此为了预防癌症,必须持续性地阻碍这个较长的癌变过程。现今,难以验证由于改善饮食所达成的癌症预防效果,只有依靠流行病学调查来获知预防效果。因此,迫切希望能开发出检验食品材料预防癌症有效方法以及探明其作用机理。However, as mentioned above, it takes a long time for a mutant cell to become a cancer cell, so in order to prevent cancer, it is necessary to continuously block this long process of carcinogenesis. At present, it is difficult to verify the cancer prevention effect achieved by improving diet, and only rely on epidemiological investigations to know the preventive effect. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an effective method for testing food materials to prevent cancer and to ascertain its mechanism of action.
作为开发检验食品材料预防癌症的方法以及探明其作用机理的方法之一,在Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the UnitedStates of America.98卷、13号、7510~7515页上记载了一种检验方法,其通过在琼脂培养基中形成集落后再计算测定该集落数量,从而检验由于致癌剂所造成的正常细胞癌变以及癌细胞发展。As one of the methods to develop and test food materials to prevent cancer and to find out its mechanism of action, a test is described in Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America. Volume 98, No. 13, pages 7510-7515 The method comprises calculating and measuring the number of colonies after forming colonies in the agar medium, so as to examine the canceration of normal cells and the development of cancer cells caused by carcinogens.
但是,现有技术中在琼脂培养基浓度以及厚度方面存在问题,无法获得稳定的细胞集落数量。而且,培养时间较长,需要20~30天。而且,在现有技术中,可以在显微镜下用肉眼观察集落的检测,虽然可以计算出集落数量,但是无法分析集落大小以及分布。而且,计算集落数量非常需要时间以及体力,同时,计数的结果会因为实验者的不同而出现个体差异,所以存有精度方面的问题,这也成为了该检验方法所需解决的课题。而且,为了可以使用该检验方法实行计数,实验者的熟练程度也时该检验方法所需解决的课题。However, there are problems in the concentration and thickness of the agar medium in the prior art, and a stable number of cell colonies cannot be obtained. Moreover, the cultivation time is relatively long, requiring 20 to 30 days. Moreover, in the prior art, the detection of colonies can be observed with the naked eye under a microscope. Although the number of colonies can be calculated, the size and distribution of colonies cannot be analyzed. Moreover, counting the number of colonies requires a lot of time and physical strength. At the same time, the counting results will vary between individuals due to different experimenters, so there are problems in accuracy, which has become a problem to be solved by this test method. Moreover, in order to be able to use this test method to perform counting, the proficiency of the experimenter is also a problem that the test method needs to solve.
发明内容Contents of the invention
因此,本发明的目的在于提供一种癌变细胞集落的检测分析系统以及检测分析方法,其可以迅速且正确地检测出将会引起细胞癌变的环境中存在的细胞致癌剂和可以抑制细胞癌变的药品或食品等。Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a detection and analysis system and detection and analysis method for cancerous cell colonies, which can quickly and accurately detect cell carcinogens that exist in the environment that will cause cell canceration and drugs that can inhibit cell canceration or food etc.
本发明者鉴于上述课题而积极探讨后,发现对癌变细胞的培养条件进行标准化,并将依照该标准培养的癌变细胞以数字数据形式存入计算机等演算机构中,然后对存入的数字数据进行特殊处理,由此可解决上述课题从而完成本发明。In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors actively explored, and found that the culture conditions of cancerous cells were standardized, and the cancerous cells cultured according to the standards were stored in the form of digital data in a calculation mechanism such as a computer, and then the stored digital data was processed. By doing special treatment, the above-mentioned problems can be solved and the present invention has been completed.
第一发明是一种癌变细胞集落的培养体系,其特征在于:其基于琼脂多层培养法调制而成,并且包含底层和上层;所述上层具有2.4mm厚度,并含有培养基、0.5%~0.6%浓度的软琼脂、以及选自由致癌诱变物质以及抗癌剂所组成组中的至少一种物质;所述上层具有1.6mm厚度,并含有培养基、0.3%~0.4%浓度的软琼脂和细胞。The first invention is a culture system of cancerous cell colonies, which is characterized in that: it is prepared based on the agar multi-layer culture method, and includes a bottom layer and an upper layer; the upper layer has a thickness of 2.4mm, and contains medium, 0.5%- Soft agar at a concentration of 0.6%, and at least one substance selected from the group consisting of carcinogenic mutagenic substances and anticancer agents; the upper layer has a thickness of 1.6mm and contains medium, soft agar at a concentration of 0.3% to 0.4% and cells.
在第一发明所述的癌变细胞集落的培养体系中,重要的是底层与上层分别具有规定的构成。即,将培养体系设为固定条件,由此可获得具有重现性的检测以及分析结果。In the cancer cell colony culture system according to the first invention, it is important that the bottom layer and the top layer each have a predetermined composition. That is, by setting the culture system under constant conditions, reproducible detection and analysis results can be obtained.
另外,第一发明中,优选培养体系上层中含有的细胞是新生小鼠皮肤细胞JB6株。In addition, in the first invention, it is preferable that the cells contained in the upper layer of the culture system are neonatal mouse skin cell strain JB6.
JB6细胞是从新生小鼠皮肤的第一代培养细胞所确立的细胞株。该细胞具有非肿瘤性,仅通过促癌剂(TPA、TNF-α、EGF)处理即可具有形成软琼脂集落的能力。而且,该细胞通过TPA一段时间的处理,可以获得集落能,再加以促进将会处于前期癌变状态,因此可以认为该细胞是促癌检测系和分析其作用机理中优异的材料。并且,在本发明的检测系中表现出癌抑制活性的多数化合物在各种动物实验阶段已证实了同样的致癌抑制效果。因此,现在该检测系作为可以迅速检测出促进致癌抑制效果的方法而受到重视。JB6 cells are a cell line established from the first generation of cultured cells from neonatal mouse skin. The cells are non-neoplastic and have the ability to form soft agar colonies only by treatment with cancer-promoting agents (TPA, TNF-α, EGF). Moreover, the cells can obtain colony energy after being treated with TPA for a period of time, and then they will be in a pre-cancerous state after being promoted. Therefore, it can be considered that the cells are excellent materials for cancer-promoting detection lines and analysis of their mechanism of action. Moreover, most compounds exhibiting cancer suppressing activity in the detection system of the present invention have demonstrated the same carcinogenic suppressing effect in various stages of animal experiments. Therefore, this detection system is currently being valued as a method capable of rapidly detecting the effect of promoting carcinogenesis suppression.
第二发明是一种癌变细胞集落的检测分析系统,其特征在于:使用基于琼脂多层培养法所调制的培养体系,该培养体系包含具有规定尺寸的底层和具有规定尺寸的上层;所述底层含有培养基、软琼脂、以及选自由致癌诱变物质以及抗癌剂所组成组中的至少一种物质;所述上层含有培养基、软琼脂和细胞;并且该检测分析系统包含光学显微镜,其用于观察通过该培养体系所培养的癌变集落;包含电子数据转换机构,其用于将显影在该光学显微镜中的集落影像转换为电子数据;以及包含计算机系统,其用于处理通过该电子数据转换机构所转换的电子数据;该计算机系统中采用了一种图像分析软件,其用于灰色化该电子数据,进行校准,并通过减法和单一阈值进行二值化,进而分析选自由有无集落、集落数量和集落尺寸分布所组成组中的至少一种情况。The second invention is a detection and analysis system for cancerous cell colonies, which is characterized in that: a culture system prepared based on the agar multilayer culture method is used, and the culture system includes a bottom layer with a specified size and an upper layer with a specified size; the bottom layer Contains medium, soft agar, and at least one substance selected from the group consisting of carcinogenic mutagenic substances and anticancer agents; the upper layer contains medium, soft agar and cells; and the detection and analysis system includes an optical microscope, which It is used to observe the cancerous colony cultivated by the culture system; it includes an electronic data conversion mechanism, which is used to convert the colony image developed in the optical microscope into electronic data; and includes a computer system, which is used to process the electronic data The electronic data converted by the conversion mechanism; an image analysis software is used in the computer system, which is used to gray out the electronic data, perform calibration, and perform binarization by subtraction and a single threshold to analyze the presence or absence of colonies selected from At least one condition in the group consisting of , colony number and colony size distribution.
通过这样的构成,可以迅速且正确地检测出环境中存在的将会引起细胞癌变的细胞致癌剂,而且可以迅速且正确地检测出能够抑制细胞癌变的药品或食品。With such a configuration, it is possible to rapidly and accurately detect cellular carcinogens existing in the environment that cause cancerous cells, and to quickly and accurately detect drugs or foods that inhibit cellular cancerous cells.
在第二发明中,该计算机系统根据从已知的致癌诱变物质所获得的标准数据而获取分析结果,优选该计算机系统对上述已知的致癌诱变物质的分析结果与选自由致癌诱变物质以及抗癌剂所组成组中的至少一种物质的分析结果进行比较。In the second invention, the computer system obtains analysis results based on standard data obtained from known carcinogenic mutagenic substances, preferably the computer system compares the analysis results of the above known carcinogenic mutagenic substances with The analysis results of at least one substance in the group consisting of substances and anticancer agents are compared.
将已知成分作为标准物质,可以较为容易地调查出未知成分的癌变动向。另外,本发明中所使用的专用语“癌变动向”,其是指物质具有癌抑制作用或者诱变作用中任何一种作用。Using known components as standard substances can easily investigate the cancerous trend of unknown components. In addition, the term "carcinogenesis tendency" used in the present invention means that a substance has either a cancer suppressing action or a mutagenic action.
进而,在第二发明中,优选上述已知的致癌诱变物质选自由TPA、TNF-α和活性氧源所组成的组。Furthermore, in the second invention, it is preferable that the above-mentioned known carcinogenic mutagen is selected from the group consisting of TPA, TNF-α and active oxygen source.
这些物质的致癌诱变动向是众所周知的,如果以其作为标准物质并与这些物质相比较,则可以容易地掌握未知物质的癌诱变动向或者癌抑制动向。The carcinogenicity of these substances is well known, and by using them as standard substances and comparing them with these substances, it is possible to easily grasp the carcinogenicity or cancer suppression of unknown substances.
第三发明是一种癌变细胞集落的检测分析方法,其特征在于:使用本发明所述的检测分析系统;并且含有如下阶段:(A)选择具有致癌作用或者抗癌作用的物质并调制出上述培养体系的阶段;(B)在上述培养体系中根据规定条件在规定时间内培养癌变细胞的阶段;(C)通过显微镜以及电子数据转换机构,将上述经过培养的癌变细胞以电子图像数据形式传送到计算机系统的阶段;以及(D)将上述传送来的电子图像数据灰度化,进行校准,并根据减法和单一阈值进行二值化,进而分析选自由有无集落、集落数量和集落尺寸分布所组成组中的至少一种情况的阶段。The third invention is a method for detection and analysis of cancerous cell colonies, which is characterized in that: the detection and analysis system of the present invention is used; The stage of the culture system; (B) the stage of cultivating cancerous cells within the specified time in the above-mentioned culture system according to the specified conditions; (C) transmitting the above-mentioned cultured cancerous cells in the form of electronic image data through a microscope and an electronic data conversion mechanism to the stage of the computer system; and (D) grayscale the transmitted electronic image data, perform calibration, and perform binarization according to subtraction and a single threshold, and then analyze the presence or absence of colonies, the number of colonies and the distribution of colony size The stage of at least one condition in the formed group.
通过这样的构成,可以迅速且正确地检测出环境中存在的将会引起细胞癌变的细胞致癌剂或者可以抑制细胞癌变的药品或食品等。With such a configuration, it is possible to quickly and accurately detect cell carcinogens that cause cell canceration, or drugs or foods that can inhibit cell canceration that exist in the environment.
在第三发明的阶段(A)中,优选具有致癌作用或者抗癌作用的物质是食品或者源自食品的物质。In the stage (A) of the third invention, it is preferable that the substance having a carcinogenic effect or an anticancer effect is a food or a food-derived substance.
食品的抗癌作用以及致癌性是现在最受重视的问题。本发明可以检测出这些食品或源自食品的物质的癌变动向。The anti-cancer effect and carcinogenicity of food are the most important issues now. The present invention can detect cancerous tendencies of these foods or substances derived from foods.
而且,在第三发明的阶段(B)中,优选培养体系的培养条件为大约37℃、5%二氧化碳气体中培养15天~30天。Furthermore, in the stage (B) of the third invention, the culture conditions of the culture system are preferably about 37°C and 5% carbon dioxide gas for 15 days to 30 days.
通过将培养条件标准化,从而可以在同一条件下高精度且高重现性地实施检测。By standardizing the culture conditions, detection can be performed with high precision and high reproducibility under the same conditions.
进而,在第三发明的阶段(D)中,优选使用在该计算机系统中所运行的图像分析软件来实施分析,并进行琼脂凝胶的透明度均匀化,处理显微镜散射光线,然后分析选自由集落形状、尺寸以及数量的计算测定和大小分布所组成组中的至少一种情况;并且,优选通过图像差分处理辨别无用物与集落的形状,将长径/短径的数值小于等于1.6的细胞集落辨别为癌变细胞集落。Furthermore, in the stage (D) of the third invention, it is preferable to carry out the analysis using image analysis software running in the computer system, and perform transparency homogenization of the agar gel, deal with scattered light from the microscope, and then analyze the selected free colonies. At least one situation in the group consisting of shape, size and quantity calculation and measurement and size distribution; and, preferably through image differential processing to identify useless objects and the shape of the colony, and the value of the long axis/short axis is less than or equal to 1.6 Cell colonies Identified as colonies of cancerous cells.
通过使用该图像分析软件,可以高精度且高重现性地实施检测。而且,通过使用图像分析软件,无需熟练技能即可实施检测。By using this image analysis software, detection can be performed with high precision and high reproducibility. Furthermore, by using image analysis software, inspection can be performed without skilled skills.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是表示本实施例所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统概略的模式图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the outline of the cancer cell colony detection and analysis system described in this example.
图2是表示使用本实施例所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统对培养体系的底层中添加有薯汁浓缩液的情况进行测定所得结果的曲线图。Fig. 2 is a graph showing the results obtained when the concentrated potato juice solution is added to the bottom layer of the culture system using the cancer cell colony detection and analysis system described in this embodiment.
图3是表示使用本实施例所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统对培养体系的底层中添加有蓝莓花青素的情况进行测定所得结果的曲线图。Fig. 3 is a graph showing the results obtained when the blueberry anthocyanin is added to the bottom layer of the culture system using the cancerous cell colony detection and analysis system described in this embodiment.
图4是表示使用本实施例所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统对培养体系的底层中添加有来源于中药大黄的大黄酸的情况进行测定所得结果的曲线图。Fig. 4 is a graph showing the results obtained by using the cancerous cell colony detection and analysis system described in this embodiment to measure the bottom layer of the culture system with rhein derived from the traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb.
图5是表示使用本实施例所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统对培养体系的底层中分别添加有花色素中含有的芍药素、锦葵色素、天竺葵色素、花青素(cyanidin)和翠雀花素的情况进行测定所得结果的曲线图。Fig. 5 shows that paeoniflorin, mallow pigment, geranium pigment, anthocyanin (cyanidin) and delphinium contained in anthocyanins are added to the bottom layer of the culture system using the cancerous cell colony detection and analysis system described in this embodiment. The curve chart of the results obtained by measuring the situation of flower element.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下,说明本发明的实施形态。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
首先,图1简要表示出了本发明所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统。由该图1可知,本发明所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统主要包含培养体系1和检测系2;所述培养体系1基于规定的琼脂多层培养法调制而成;所述检测系2用于检测分析通过上述培养体系所培养的癌变细胞。First, Fig. 1 schematically shows the cancer cell colony detection and analysis system of the present invention. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the cancerous cell colony detection and analysis system of the present invention mainly includes a culture system 1 and a detection system 2; the culture system 1 is prepared based on a prescribed agar multilayer culture method; For detection and analysis of cancerous cells cultured through the above culture system.
(培养体系)(training system)
本发明中所使用的培养体系1是基于琼脂多层培养法调制而成的,并且包含底层11和上层12;所述底层11具有规定的尺寸,并含有培养基、软琼脂、以及选自由致癌诱变物质以及抗癌剂所组成组中的至少一种物质;所述上层12具有规定的尺寸,并含有培养基、软琼脂和细胞。The culture system 1 used in the present invention is prepared based on the agar multilayer culture method, and includes a bottom layer 11 and an upper layer 12; At least one substance in the group consisting of mutagenic substances and anticancer agents; the upper layer 12 has a specified size and contains culture medium, soft agar and cells.
底层11中所使用的培养基可以从现有公知的培养基中适当选择使用,例如可以使用EMEM(Eagle氏最小基础培养基)加上5%牛胎儿血清。而且,关于底层11中所使用的软琼脂培养基,也可以使用现有公知的培养基,但考虑到重现性方面,特别优选使用同一厂家生产的培养基。在本发明中,形成底层11的软琼脂的浓度例如为0.5%~0.6%,优选规定为0.5%的固定量。而且,厚度也规定为例如2.4mm的固定厚度。在这样所构成的底层11中,添加规定量的致癌衍生剂或者抗癌剂用于调整本发明培养体系1中的底层11。The medium used in the bottom layer 11 can be appropriately selected from known mediums, for example, EMEM (Eagle's minimal basal medium) plus 5% fetal bovine serum can be used. In addition, as the soft agar medium used for the bottom layer 11, a conventionally known medium can also be used, but in consideration of reproducibility, it is particularly preferable to use a medium produced by the same manufacturer. In the present invention, the concentration of the soft agar forming the bottom layer 11 is, for example, 0.5% to 0.6%, preferably a fixed amount of 0.5%. Furthermore, the thickness is also specified as a fixed thickness of, for example, 2.4 mm. To the bottom layer 11 constituted in this way, a predetermined amount of carcinogenic derivative or anticancer agent is added to adjust the bottom layer 11 in the culture system 1 of the present invention.
另外,对于上层12以及底层11的琼脂凝胶浓度和厚度来说,为便于显微镜拍摄,需要琼脂凝胶具有一定透明度,因此要求研究琼脂凝胶浓度和厚度,选择不会对细胞培养造成影响并且也可以便于显微镜拍摄的琼脂凝胶浓度和厚度。In addition, for the agar gel concentration and thickness of the upper layer 12 and the bottom layer 11, in order to facilitate microscope shooting, the agar gel needs to have a certain transparency, so it is required to study the agar gel concentration and thickness, and the selection will not affect the cell culture and The concentration and thickness of the agar gel can also be easily photographed by the microscope.
至于此时所使用的致癌诱变剂,可以添加已经充分确定致癌性的已知的致癌诱变剂,例如TPA、TNF-α、活性氧源以及未知致癌性的致癌性物质。如后所述,添加已知的致癌性诱变剂,使用在规定条件下所调制的本发明培养体系1实行培养,使用经过检测分析的数据作为标准数据,等量添加要求检测分析的未知成分后与该标准数据相比较,由此可以分析未知成分的致癌性。As for the carcinogenic mutagen used at this time, known carcinogenic mutagens whose carcinogenicity has been sufficiently established, such as TPA, TNF-α, active oxygen sources, and carcinogenic substances of unknown carcinogenicity may be added. As described later, add a known carcinogenic mutagen, use the culture system 1 of the present invention prepared under specified conditions to cultivate, use the data that has been tested and analyzed as the standard data, and add an equal amount of unknown components that require detection and analysis After comparing with the standard data, the carcinogenicity of unknown ingredients can be analyzed.
而且,以同样方式也可以在底层11中添加抗癌剂,例如各种医药用抗癌剂或食品等。进而,例如在底层11中一起添加致癌诱变剂与抗癌剂,也可以分析该抗癌剂的抗癌作用。Moreover, anticancer agents, such as various anticancer agents for medicine or food, can also be added to the bottom layer 11 in the same manner. Furthermore, for example, by adding a carcinogenic mutagen and an anticancer agent together to the bottom layer 11, the anticancer effect of the anticancer agent can also be analyzed.
本发明培养体系1中的上层12具有规定尺寸并含有规定浓度的软琼脂以及用于使癌细胞生长的细胞。The upper layer 12 in the culture system 1 of the present invention has a predetermined size and contains soft agar at a predetermined concentration and cells for growing cancer cells.
上层12中所使用的软琼脂需要设定为例如浓度0.3%~0.4%以及厚度1.6mm等规定条件。The soft agar used in the upper layer 12 needs to be set to predetermined conditions such as a concentration of 0.3% to 0.4% and a thickness of 1.6 mm.
本发明中对所使用的细胞没有特别的限制,优选JB6细胞。There is no particular limitation on the cells used in the present invention, preferably JB6 cells.
JB6细胞是从新生小鼠皮肤的第一代培养细胞所确立的众所周知的细胞株。(N.H.Colburn et al.,Nature,281,589(1979))。该细胞具有非肿瘤性,仅通过促癌剂(TPA、TNF-α、EGF)处理即可具有形成软琼脂集落的能力。而且,该细胞通过TPA一段时间的处理,可以获得集落能,再加以促进将会处于前期癌变状态,因此可以认为该细胞是检测致癌促进或者分析致癌促进作用机理的优异材料(参照Z.Dong etal.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,91,609(1994);Z.Dong et al.,MolCarcinog.,19,204(1997);J.J.Li et al.,Cancer Res.,57,3569(1997);C.Huang et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,95,156(1998);以及J.Y.Chung et al.,Cancer Res.,59,4610(1999))。而且,在如后所述的与本发明相同的检测系中,表现出癌抑制活性的多数化合物在各种动物实验阶段已证实出同样的致癌抑制效果(参照M.R.Young etal.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,96,9827(1999);以及Y.Zhao etal.,Cancer Res.,61,6082(2001))。因此,现在使用该JB6细胞的检测方法作为可以迅速地检测出致癌促进抑制效果的方法而受到重视。通过在本发明中使用该细胞,无需太多的时间和体力即可将由于实验者不同而造成的测定误差减少到最小。JB6 cells are a well-known cell line established from the first cultured cells of neonatal mouse skin. (N. H. Colburn et al., Nature, 281, 589 (1979)). The cells are non-neoplastic and have the ability to form soft agar colonies only by treatment with cancer-promoting agents (TPA, TNF-α, EGF). Moreover, the cells can obtain colony energy after being treated with TPA for a period of time, and then they will be in a precancerous state after being promoted. Therefore, it can be considered that the cells are excellent materials for detecting carcinogenesis promotion or analyzing the mechanism of carcinogenesis promotion (refer to Z.Dong et al. ., Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, 91,609(1994); Z.Dong et al., MolCarcinog., 19,204(1997); J.J.Li et al., Cancer Res., 57,3569( 1997); C. Huang et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 95, 156 (1998); and J. Y. Chung et al., Cancer Res., 59, 4610 (1999)). Moreover, in the same detection line as the present invention as described later, most compounds exhibiting cancer inhibitory activity have demonstrated the same tumorigenic inhibitory effect in various animal experiment stages (refer to M.R.Young et al., Proc.Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 9827 (1999); and Y. Zhao et al., Cancer Res., 61, 6082 (2001)). Therefore, the detection method using this JB6 cell is now being regarded as a method capable of rapidly detecting the effect of promoting and suppressing carcinogenesis. By using the cells in the present invention, measurement errors due to differences in experimenters can be minimized without much time and physical effort.
在本发明中,将如此构成的软琼脂置于培养皿上,在规定温度例如42℃溶解,从而形成培养体系1。In the present invention, the soft agar thus constituted is placed on a petri dish and dissolved at a predetermined temperature, for example, 42° C., thereby forming the culture system 1 .
经过如此调制的培养体系1在规定条件下加以培养。通过规定该培养体系1的培养条件,可以在短时间内稳定地实施癌细胞的组织培养,可以获得具有重现性的检测分析结果。The culture system 1 thus prepared is cultured under predetermined conditions. By specifying the culture conditions of the culture system 1, tissue culture of cancer cells can be performed stably in a short period of time, and reproducible detection and analysis results can be obtained.
例如,在本发明中,培养条件是在大约37℃的温度、5%二氧化碳气体中培养15~30天,优选在恒温箱中培养15天,从而可以实施具有重现性的检测分析。For example, in the present invention, the culture condition is about 37° C. in 5% carbon dioxide gas for 15 to 30 days, preferably in an incubator for 15 days, so that reproducible detection and analysis can be implemented.
(检测系)(Detection Department)
本发明癌变细胞集落检测分析系统中的检测系2主要包含显微镜21、与该显微镜21相连接的电子数据转换机构即数码相机22以及计算机系统23。The detection system 2 in the cancerous cell colony detection and analysis system of the present invention mainly includes a microscope 21 , an electronic data conversion mechanism connected to the microscope 21 , namely a digital camera 22 and a computer system 23 .
本发明中所使用的显微镜21是具有已知放大倍率的光学显微镜,只要可以与数码相机22等电子数据转换机构相连接,就没有特别限制。The microscope 21 used in the present invention is an optical microscope with a known magnification, and is not particularly limited as long as it can be connected to an electronic data conversion mechanism such as a digital camera 22 .
数码相机22是电子数据转换机构,将使用显微镜21放大的模拟图像转换为作为电子数据的数字图像数据,例如JPEG、TIFF、PCX、GIF格式等数字图像数据。通过数码相机22,数字图像数据将会保存在内置于数码相机22中的记录介质上,经由该记录介质可以存入计算机系统23中,优选经由例如USB(通用串行总线)等接口直接传送到计算机系统23中。The digital camera 22 is an electronic data conversion mechanism that converts an analog image magnified by the microscope 21 into digital image data as electronic data, such as digital image data in JPEG, TIFF, PCX, and GIF formats. Through the digital camera 22, the digital image data will be stored on the recording medium built in the digital camera 22, and can be stored in the computer system 23 via the recording medium, preferably directly transmitted to In the computer system 23.
本发明检测系2中所使用的计算机系统23主要包含存储器,用于运行保持在存储器中的程序的演算处理装置(CPU,中央处理单元)、RAM(随机存储器)、用于存取数码相机22所拍摄的数字图像数据的接口例如USB接口或记忆卡读写器等存取内置于数码相机22中的记录介质的机构等。该计算机系统23的存储器中保存有操作系统、图像分析软件等程序和数字图像数据等。The computer system 23 used in the detection system 2 of the present invention mainly includes a memory, an arithmetic processing device (CPU, central processing unit) for running programs stored in the memory, RAM (random access memory), and a digital camera 22 for accessing The interface for the captured digital image data is, for example, a mechanism for accessing a recording medium built in the digital camera 22 such as a USB interface or a memory card reader/writer. The memory of the computer system 23 stores programs such as an operating system and image analysis software, digital image data, and the like.
在本发明中,从数码相机22中读取的培养结果即数字图像数据可以通过图像分析软件加以分析。该图像分析软件例如可以将数字图像数据灰度化,进行校准,并根据减法和单一阈值进行二值化,进而分析有无集落、集落数量和/或集落尺寸分布。此时,优选根据显微镜拍摄的目的而使琼脂凝胶的透明度均匀,并处理显微镜散射光线,更优选通过在该技术领域中众所周知的方法实施图像差分处理,由此辨别无用物和癌变细胞集落的形状。此时,细胞癌变集落通常为圆形,因此如果癌变细胞集落判定条件中长径/短径的数值小于等于1.6,则可以在除去细长的无用物等后再实施分析。In the present invention, the culture result read from the digital camera 22, ie digital image data, can be analyzed by image analysis software. The image analysis software can, for example, grayscale the digital image data, perform calibration, and perform binarization according to subtraction and a single threshold, and then analyze the presence or absence of colonies, the number of colonies and/or the distribution of colony sizes. At this time, it is preferable to make the transparency of the agar gel uniform according to the purpose of the microscope photography, and to process the light scattered by the microscope, and it is more preferable to perform image difference processing by a method well known in the technical field, thereby distinguishing between useless substances and cancerous cell colonies. shape. At this time, the cancerous cell colony is usually circular, so if the value of the long axis/short axis in the cancerous cell colony judgment condition is 1.6 or less, the analysis can be carried out after removing elongated useless objects and the like.
另外,在显微镜拍摄时,必然是中心部的光量较多,在中心部周边视野较暗。因此,为了校正光量分布的影响而实行图像差分处理。至于图像差分处理的方法,是先拍摄未加入细胞的琼脂凝胶培养皿,再将该数字图像数据作为对照图像。如果从作为检测分析对象的样本图像中除去该对照图像,则可以获得亮度均匀化的样本图像。In addition, when photographing with a microscope, the amount of light in the central part must be large, and the field of vision around the central part is dark. Therefore, image difference processing is performed in order to correct the influence of the light quantity distribution. As for the method of image differential processing, the agar gel culture dish without adding cells is photographed first, and then the digital image data is used as a control image. If the control image is removed from the sample image to be detected and analyzed, a sample image with uniform brightness can be obtained.
通过如此构成,可以有效地且高重现性地检测以及分析在培养体系1中根据规定条件所培养的细胞。With such a configuration, cells cultured in the culture system 1 under predetermined conditions can be detected and analyzed efficiently and with high reproducibility.
其次,列举出使用本发明癌变细胞集落检测分析系统时与使用现有系统时实施检测分析的差异。Next, the differences between the detection and analysis of the cancerous cell colony detection and analysis system of the present invention and the existing system are listed.
现有系统与本发明系统的差异Differences between the existing system and the system of the present invention
调制样本、培养细胞 Prepare samples, culture cells
↓ ↓
诱发细胞癌变(37℃、5%CO2、14天时间)Induce cell carcinogenesis (37°C, 5% CO 2 , 14 days)
↓ ↓癌变细胞集落检测分析系统 现有的计算测定法 ↓
集落显微镜拍摄装置 在显微镜下肉眼计数 Colony microscope shooting device Counting with the naked eye under a microscope
↓ ↓↓ ↓ ↓
结果 结果Result Result Result
(数量、形状、大小、分布) (仅有集落数量)(number, shape, size, distribution) (number of colonies only)
评估结果:精度提高、时间缩短 计算测定者的个体差异Evaluation results: Accuracy improvement, time reduction Calculation of individual differences of measurers
分析项目增加 分析项目受限Analysis Items Increased Analysis Items Restricted
大量分析的容易 大量分析的困难Ease of mass analysis Difficulty of mass analysis
改善研究环境 体力劳动
[实施例][Example]
其次,使用本发明所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统,在培养体系1的底层11中添加具有抗癌作用的源自食品的物质后加以培养,在下述实施例中表示检测分析癌变细胞集落后的结果。Next, using the cancerous cell colony detection and analysis system of the present invention, add food-derived substances with anticancer effects to the bottom layer 11 of the culture system 1 and then culture it. the result of.
(实施例1)(Example 1)
在实施例1中,在底层11的琼脂中添加薯汁浓缩液和TPA并调制出培养体系1。在规定条件下培养该培养体系1,在图2中表示使用本发明所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统而检测分析出的结果。图2中所示的曲线图中,纵轴表示癌变抑制率,横轴表示薯汁浓度,并绘制出各浓度薯汁的癌变抑制率。In Example 1, the culture system 1 was prepared by adding potato juice concentrate and TPA to the agar in the bottom layer 11 . The culture system 1 was cultured under predetermined conditions, and the results of detection and analysis using the cancer cell colony detection and analysis system of the present invention are shown in FIG. 2 . In the graph shown in FIG. 2 , the vertical axis represents the canceration inhibition rate, and the horizontal axis represents the concentration of potato juice, and the canceration inhibition rate of each concentration of potato juice is plotted.
根据图2中所示的曲线图可以获知:如果薯汁浓度增加,则癌变抑制率得到提高。According to the graph shown in Fig. 2, it can be known that if the concentration of potato juice increases, the rate of inhibition of carcinogenesis is improved.
(实施例2)(Example 2)
在实施例2中,在底层11的琼脂中添加蓝莓中含有的蓝莓花青素并调制出培养体系1。在规定条件下培养该培养体系1,在图3中表示使用本发明所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统而检测分析出的结果。图3中所示的曲线图与图2中所示的曲线图一样,其中纵轴表示癌变抑制率,横轴表示蓝莓花青素浓度,并绘制出各浓度蓝莓花青素的癌变抑制率。In Example 2, the culture system 1 was prepared by adding blueberry anthocyanins contained in blueberries to the agar of the bottom layer 11 . The culture system 1 was cultured under the prescribed conditions, and the detection and analysis results using the cancer cell colony detection and analysis system of the present invention are shown in FIG. 3 . The graph shown in Fig. 3 is the same as the graph shown in Fig. 2, wherein the vertical axis represents the canceration inhibition rate, and the horizontal axis represents the concentration of blueberry anthocyanin, and the canceration inhibition rate of blueberry anthocyanin at each concentration is plotted.
根据该曲线图可以获知:如果蓝莓花青素浓度增加,则癌变抑制率得到提高。According to this graph, it can be known that if the concentration of blueberry anthocyanin increases, the rate of inhibition of carcinogenesis is improved.
(实施例3)(Example 3)
在实施例3中,在底层11的琼脂中添加源自中药中大黄的大黄酸并调制出培养体系1。在规定条件下培养该培养体系1,在图4中表示使用本发明所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统而检测分析出的结果。图4中所示的曲线图与图2中所示的曲线图一样,其中纵轴表示癌变抑制率,横轴表示大黄酸浓度,并绘制出各浓度大黄酸的癌变抑制率。In Example 3, the culture system 1 was prepared by adding rhein derived from rhubarb in traditional Chinese medicine to the agar in the bottom layer 11 . This culture system 1 was cultured under predetermined conditions, and the detection and analysis results using the cancer cell colony detection and analysis system of the present invention are shown in FIG. 4 . The graph shown in FIG. 4 is the same as the graph shown in FIG. 2 , wherein the vertical axis represents the canceration inhibition rate, and the horizontal axis represents the concentration of rhein, and the canceration inhibition rate of each concentration of rhein is plotted.
根据该曲线图可以获知:如果源自大黄的大黄酸浓度增加,则癌变抑制率得到提高。From this graph, it can be seen that when the concentration of rhein derived from rhubarb increases, the carcinogenesis inhibition rate increases.
(实施例4)(Example 4)
在实施例4中,在底层11的琼脂中分别添加花色素中含有的芍药素、锦葵色素、天竺葵色素、花青素和翠雀花素并分别调制出培养体系1。在规定条件下分别培养培养体系1,在图5中表示使用本发明所述的癌变细胞集落检测分析系统而检测分析出的结果。图5中所示的曲线图与图2中所示的曲线图一样,其中纵轴表示癌变抑制率,横轴表示源自花色素的各成分浓度,并绘制出各成分在各浓度的癌变抑制率。In Example 4, culture system 1 was prepared by adding paeoniflorin, mallow pigment, geranium pigment, anthocyanin, and delphinidin contained in anthocyanins to the agar of the bottom layer 11, respectively. The culture system 1 was separately cultured under the prescribed conditions, and the detection and analysis results using the cancer cell colony detection and analysis system of the present invention are shown in FIG. 5 . The graph shown in Figure 5 is the same as the graph shown in Figure 2, wherein the vertical axis represents the canceration inhibition rate, and the horizontal axis represents the concentration of each component derived from anthocyanidin, and the canceration inhibition of each component at each concentration is plotted Rate.
根据该曲线图可以获知:如果整体上各成分浓度增加,则癌变抑制率得到提高。可以获知其中翠雀花素的细胞癌变抑制效果特别高。From this graph, it can be seen that when the concentration of each component is increased as a whole, the rate of inhibition of carcinogenesis is improved. Among them, delphinidin has been found to have a particularly high inhibitory effect on cell carcinogenesis.
以上,如实施例1至实施例4所述可知:通过使用本发明的培养体系以及系统,可以定量性地测定癌细胞抑制率。As described above, as described in Examples 1 to 4, it was found that by using the culture system and system of the present invention, the cancer cell inhibition rate can be quantitatively measured.
[产业上的利用可能性][industrial availability]
根据本发明,可以提供一种检验方法,其可以迅速且正确地检测出环境中存在的将会引起细胞癌变的细胞致癌剂和可以抑制细胞癌变的药品或食品,面向长寿健康的社会,能够通过食品材料而有效预防癌症。According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a test method that can quickly and accurately detect cell carcinogens that will cause cell canceration and drugs or foods that can inhibit cell canceration that exist in the environment. Food materials are effective in preventing cancer.
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| KR (1) | KR20050062543A (en) |
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| US8478017B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2013-07-02 | Nikon Corporation | Method for distinguishing living cells during cell observation, image processing program for cell observation, and image processing device |
| WO2017107837A1 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-29 | 上海吉凯基因科技有限公司 | Fully automated continuous cell culture system |
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| US7537913B2 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2009-05-26 | Falcon Genomics, Inc. | High throughput assay for cancer cell growth inhibition |
| JPWO2007018182A1 (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2009-02-19 | 国立大学法人 筑波大学 | Cancer-like mutant |
| JP4968595B2 (en) * | 2008-07-23 | 2012-07-04 | 株式会社ニコン | Cell state discrimination method and cell observation image processing apparatus |
| JP5355275B2 (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2013-11-27 | オリンパス株式会社 | Cell image analyzer |
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| US5356793A (en) * | 1990-03-15 | 1994-10-18 | Nitta Gelatin Inc. | Method for testing the sensitivity of anticancer drug |
| JP2003265195A (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2003-09-24 | Norioki Ko | Colony-detecting and analyzing system for preventing canceration of normal cell and progress of cancer cell |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US8478017B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2013-07-02 | Nikon Corporation | Method for distinguishing living cells during cell observation, image processing program for cell observation, and image processing device |
| WO2017107837A1 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-29 | 上海吉凯基因科技有限公司 | Fully automated continuous cell culture system |
| US10934513B2 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2021-03-02 | Shanghai GenBase Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | Fully automated continuous cell culture system |
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| JPWO2004020656A1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
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