CN1644720A - Oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method - Google Patents
Oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1644720A CN1644720A CN 200410021701 CN200410021701A CN1644720A CN 1644720 A CN1644720 A CN 1644720A CN 200410021701 CN200410021701 CN 200410021701 CN 200410021701 A CN200410021701 A CN 200410021701A CN 1644720 A CN1644720 A CN 1644720A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- zinc
- gas
- electric
- discharged
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 237
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims description 55
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 54
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YPFNIPKMNMDDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].OCCN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O YPFNIPKMNMDDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 68
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UVTGXFAWNQTDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Pb] Chemical compound [Fe].[Pb] UVTGXFAWNQTDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009924 canning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B19/00—Combinations of different kinds of furnaces that are not all covered by any single one of main groups F27B1/00 - F27B17/00
- F27B19/04—Combinations of different kinds of furnaces that are not all covered by any single one of main groups F27B1/00 - F27B17/00 arranged for associated working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/006—Starting from ores containing non ferrous metallic oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/02—Making special pig-iron, e.g. by applying additives, e.g. oxides of other metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/02—Preliminary treatment of ores; Preliminary refining of zinc oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/32—Refining zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
- C22B4/08—Apparatus
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention can smelt for one time of get the refined Zn, pig iron, lead matte and Zn powder. The smelting furnce insists of electrothermal furnace, blast furnace, main frequency furnace, condenser, Zn Pb pool, liquid zinc can, zinc powder tank, bag-type dust remover, material-molding system, regenerator system, power supply system, drainage system and handling equipment.
Description
The invention relates to a smelting method for smelting zinc, iron and lead by an oxygen-enriched fire method, in particular to a smelting method which can directly and once smelt refined zinc by roasted zinc oxide ore and primary lead-zinc oxide ore, can produce refined zinc powder at one time, and can smelt iron, crude lead, cadmium and other nonferrous and ferrous metals.
At present, the known zinc smelting technology has a history for hundreds of years, and the zinc smelting method is divided into a pyrometallurgical zinc smelting method and a wet zincification zinc smelting method. The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting is divided into the following steps according to different main equipment: flat tank zinc smelting, vertical tank zinc smelting, blast furnace zinc smelting, electric furnace zinc smelting and the like. The technology of the blast furnace zinc smelting method is advanced according to the type of the existing pyrometallurgical zinc smelting in the world, the smelting speed is high, the yield is high, and the technical data provided by the institute of mining and metallurgy in the south of China, the institute of nonferrous metallurgy in Changsha, the institute of nonferrous metallurgy in Beijing, the institute of information standard of department of metallurgical industry and the like are used as the basis. Issued by the metallurgical industry publishers as follows:
the blast furnace zinc smelting method is actually a blast furnace smelting lead-zinc sinter, and obtains zinc and lead at the same time. It is a new achievement of the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting technology. Since the trial production in the Argwos plant of the UK in 1950, such blast furnaces have now appeared in many countries and regions. The area of the largest furnace tuyere area reaches 28 square meters, and the annual zinc production reaches 12 ten thousand tons.
The blast furnace zinc smelting mainly comprises three processes of sintering roasting, sinter block reduction smelting and zinc vapor condensation.
1. The sintering roasting mainly converts zinc sulfide and lead sulfide into zinc oxide and lead oxide, and sinters the zinc oxide and lead sulfide into blocks to adapt to blast furnace smelting. Sintering was carried out on a strand sinter machine (as with a lead smelting sinter machine).
2. The connection of the equipment for smelting zinc by the blast furnace is shown in the attached figure 4. The blast furnace used is similar to a conventional lead smelting blast furnace. But the top of the furnace is sealed and is therefore commonly referred to as a closed blast furnace. To prevent air leakage from the top of the furnace (which would reoxidize the zinc vapour), the charging device uses a double bell charger similar to that used in iron making blast furnaces.
As in the case of zinc vertical retort, the charge materials to be charged must be preheated, and the sintered cake and coke preheated to above 700 ℃ are charged into the furnace and then reduced in the high temperature zone of the furnace to form zinc oxide and lead oxide. The lead has high boiling point (1525 ℃), the reduced lead is converted into liquid lead, the reduced zinc is mixed with furnace gas in the form of steam, and the mixture enters a condenser from the upper part of the furnace to be condensed into liquid metal zinc. Liquid lead is deposited at the bottom of the furnace (hearth) and slag is also accumulated to the bottom of the furnace, both the lead bullion and the slag being tapped periodically. In order to obtain a sufficiently high temperature in the furnace, the blown air is preheated to above 700 ℃.
3. Condensation of zinc vapour furnace gases exiting the blast furnace generally contain not high (only about 6%) zinc vapour, up to more than 20% carbon monoxide and more than 10% carbon dioxide. Due to the high concentration of carbon dioxide, there is a risk that zinc vapour is oxidised to zinc oxide by carbon dioxide. In order to avoid such a bad situation, the following measures must be taken: (1) the temperature of the discharged gas is kept above 1000 ℃. Therefore, preheating air is also introduced into the upper part of the furnace, so that part of carbon monoxide in the furnace gas is combusted to improve the temperature of the furnace gas; (2) liquid lead is used to condense the zinc vapour. The condenser is called as a lead rain condenser, and the lead liquid is raised into fine drops (called as lead rain) by a rotor, so that zinc vapor is rapidly condensed into liquid zinc and dissolved in the liquid lead. Discharging the lead liquid containing zinc from the condenser, cooling to 450 deg.C, separating out part of zinc dissolved in lead, and separating into two layers due to different specific gravity, the upper layer is zinc, discharging and casting into zinc ingot, and the lower layer is lead, pumping into the condenser with lead pump, and reusing. The adoption of the lead rain condenser is a key factor for promoting the expanded use of the blast furnace for zinc smelting.
The main advantages of the closed blast furnace smelting method are that it can process lead-zinc sulfide ore or oxide ore which is difficult to be selected, and at the same time, it can produce lead and zinc, and its yield is large, heat efficiency is high and unit metal yield investment is low. But things are always split in two. The blast furnace has the following problems: the operating conditions are strict; sintering blocks, and coke must be preheated; the lead content in the sintered cake cannot be too high and the zinc produced must be further refined.
17.2m commonly used abroad2The relevant data for the zinc smelting blast furnace are as follows:
| area of furnace tuyere zone | 17.2m2 | Annual production of zinc | 4-7.7 ten thousand tons |
| Annual lead production | 0.8-3.6 ten thousand tons | Consuming coke every day | 190 tons of 120- |
| Agglomerate composition (%) | 26 to 46 parts of zinc, lead 17-22 copper 0.2-2 | Recovery (%) | 94 percent of zinc, 97 percent of lead, 82 percent of copper |
| The crude zinc contains zinc | 98-99.6％ |
The invention aims to design a method for smelting zinc, which is used for overcoming the problems in the prior pyrometallurgical zinc smelting method and technology: the air is preheated to above 700 before entering the furnace for smelting. And liquid lead rain is also used as condensate, a roasting machine is used for sintering ores, the pollution is high, and the smelted zinc is also crude zinc and is sent to a refinery for refining. The high oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method makes great innovation in the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting technology and process flow: the oxygen-enriched gas is fed into furnace at normal temp. for smelting, and does not use liquid lead as condensate, but uses water and air as indirect condensate and gas, and in the field of zinc smelting technology, it creates a new smelting method and technology for smelting refined zinc from ore at one time and simultaneously producing refined zinc powder, crude lead and iron.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
1. smelting and reducing metal by using a blast furnace: the oxygen-enriched gas blown into the furnace chamber by the blast furnace burns and oxidizes the carbon in the raw material to release high heat quantity: ( 、 ) The metal in the ore in the furnace chamber is forced to be heated to 1300-1500 ℃, carbon monoxide formed by high-temperature carbon and carbon in the furnace chamber is subjected to reduction reaction with the oxidized metal at high temperature to generate liquid metal lead and iron: ( 、 )( ) Etc. gaseous metals formed after reduction, e.g. zinc, cadmium: ( 、 ) And liquid metal is discharged from a metal outlet at the bottom of the furnace, and slag is discharged from a slag pool outlet. Gaseous stateThe metal is taken out of the furnace together with the dust in the gas discharged from the furnace and is pumped into the electric heating furnace.
2. The electric furnaces comprise an electric arc furnace, an electric heating furnace and an electric frequency furnace, the electric frequency furnace is divided into a 2 frequency furnace and a high frequency furnace, heating elements of the electric heating furnace are divided into a silicon carbide heating element electric furnace and a resistance wire electric furnace, the electric furnaces are all devices for converting electric energy into heat energy, the coke added into the electric furnace utilizes the heat energy converted from the electric energy to heat the coke and keep the temperature of the coke between 1000 plus materials and 1200 ℃, and the carbon dioxide gas in the furnace gas passes through a red hot coke layer to be fully reduced into carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide) ) And the carbon dioxide in the furnace gas is lower than 0.01 percent. Gaseous substances and dust in the electric furnace are pumped into a No. 1 lead condenser which is connected with the upper part of the electric furnace and is arranged at the rear of a zinc flue opening and is inverted by an exhaust fan.
3. And (3) discharging a small amount of lead vapor in the discharged gas when the lead vapor is condensed into liquid lead by using a 1# lead condenser (controlling the temperature to be 950-910 ℃), cooling the zinc vapor into liquid zinc by using a 2# zinc condenser (controlling the temperature to be 850-800 ℃), flowing the liquid zinc into a zinc accumulation pool, and periodically discharging and casting zinc ingots, thus smelting refined zinc at one time.
4. The zinc accumulation pool is used for accumulating zinc, liquid zinc in the pool is heated by a temperature-regulating electric furnace below the pool and is kept at the temperature of 800-830 ℃, so that cadmium flowing through the zinc accumulation pool is fully evaporated out and is pumped into a No. 3 cadmium water condenser together with dust in furnace gas.
The 5.3# water condenser uses water as indirect condensate to cool cadmium vapor to obtain cadmium, and the cadmium is collected in a cadmium collecting tank and discharged periodically for collection. Dust and carbon monoxide in the furnace gas are pumped into a dust remover.
6. The dust collector is specially used for collecting dust, the dust is collected after being stacked, and other gases are pumped into the exhaust fan by the exhaust fan.
7. The exhaust fan has the function of sucking out furnace gas and dust in the electric furnace by using electric energy, and the furnace gas is treated by the equipment and then is pumped into the exhaust fan and then is sent to a gas washing field through a smoke exhaust pipe and an electric smoke exhaust valve.
8. And the gas washing field is used for washing the discharged furnace gas and collecting and utilizing the carbon monoxide.
9. And the gas washing field washes away CO dust in the discharged furnace gas, the gas enters a gas dryer to dry CO, and the CO is put into a gas cabinet in a moisture-free state.
10. The gas tank is pumped into an air compressor through a gas pipe and compressed to 4-6P atmospheric pressure, and the gas is sprayed out from the gas nozzle to spray and press the liquid zinc flowing out of the liquid zinc tank into powdery zinc powder, and the powdery zinc powder is hermetically stored in the zinc powder tank. And canning the refined zinc powder and leaving the factory.
11. The rest coal gas is pumped into a dust remover by an exhaust fan for dust removal. The removed fine zinc powder is collected and utilized.
12. The gas pumped by the exhaust fan is blown into the bag-type dust collector, and the finer zinc powder is collected and utilized by dust removal. The coal gas is collected and utilized again.
The closed zinc smelting furnace comprises a blast furnace, an electric heating furnace, a zinc flue, No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 condensers, a lead accumulation pool, a zinc accumulation pool, a temperature-adjusting electric furnace, a cadmium accumulation pool, a smoke dust processor, an exhaust fan, a smoke exhaust pipe and a valve. An air inlet and an air inlet pipe are arranged below the blast drum, and a slag outlet, a power frequency electric furnace, an iron outlet, a large lead accumulation pool, a lead outlet and a movable blast furnace bottom are arranged below the blast drum. Two charging hoppers are arranged on two sides of the blast furnace, and are provided with covers and valves. The electric heating furnace cover is provided with two carbon adding hoppers which are provided with a cover and a valve. The lower parts of two positive and negative electrodes made of graphite carbon in the electric heating furnace and the furnace outlet of the blast furnace are mutually provided with a refractory furnace bridge which divides the carbon in the electric heating furnace and the furnace charge in the blast furnace into two parts. And form two independent bodies. However, the shells of the electric heating furnace and the blast furnace are made of steel plates, the blast furnace is supported by the supports on the support of the operating platform, so that the furnace bottom can move freely, the furnace charge can be discharged when the blast furnace is stopped, and the quick joint of the furnace bottom and the furnace body works in a closed state. The oxygen production operation system purifies the oxygen in the air to 80-99%. Blowing the mixture into a blast furnace through an input tuyere of an oxygen transmission pipeline under the pressure of 4-5 atmospheres. High temperature thermometers are arranged on the blast furnace, the electric heating furnace and the condensers No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3.
The high-purity oxygen zinc smelting furnace comprises a blast furnace, an electric heating furnace, a smoke zinc passage port, a No. 1 condenser, a lead accumulation pool, a No. 2 condenser zinc accumulation pool, a zinc accumulation pool temperature-adjusting electric furnace, a No. 3 condenser cadmium accumulation pool, a smoke dust processor, an exhaust fan, a smoke exhaust pipe and a smoke exhaust pipe valve, wherein the electric heating furnace is arranged on the blast furnace and is communicated with a furnace chamber of the blast furnace through a furnace outlet air hole at the bottom of the electric heating furnace; one end of the smoke zinc passage opening is connected with a furnace cover of the electric heating furnace in a positioning way, and the other end of the smoke zinc passage opening is communicated with an inverted type 1# condenser arranged below the smoke zinc passage opening; the zinc accumulation pool is arranged below the inverted 2# condenser and is connected with the inverted 2# condenser in a positioning way; the temperature-adjusting electric furnace of the zinc accumulation pool is arranged at the bottom of the zinc accumulation pool; the 3# water condenser is connected with the zinc accumulation tank through a flue pipe; the cadmium accumulation pool is arranged belowthe No. 3 water condenser; the smoke dust processor is communicated with the upper end of the No. 3 water condenser; the exhaust fan is connected with the top of the smoke dust processor; the smoke exhaust pipe is connected with the gas outlet of the outlet, and the gas discharged from the furnace and pumped by the exhaust fan is sent to a gas washing field through a smoke exhaust pipe valve, and is collected and utilized after being washed. If the zinc powder is to be produced, the working principle is that the liquid zinc in the zinc accumulation tank is put into a liquid zinc tank and then flows to an air jet of a gas compressor through a zinc conveying pipe to control the flow, powdery zinc powder is formed by shooting in a high-pressure air flow, and the powdery zinc powder is collected, packaged and delivered out of a factory in a closed zinc powder cabinet.
The working principle of the invention and the functions of the main equipment are as follows:
the electric heating furnace and the electric frequency furnace are provided with an electric heating furnace transformer and a distribution switch which are connected by a lead. The main body is a blast furnace, the position of the blast furnace is rolled into a circle by a steel plate, a circular furnace core built by refractory bricks is arranged in the blast furnace, the furnace core is a site for carrying out thermochemical reaction on raw materials of … … ore, carbon and oxygen to carry out reduction reaction on various metals, and the oxygen and the carbon are firstly subjected to oxidation reaction (a) ) High-temperature heat energy (1300-1500 ℃) is released to force the ores in the furnace core to heat up to (1300-1400 ℃) so that various oxidized metals contained in the ores are irregularly formed into metals by carbon and carbon monoxide at high temperature. Such as: ( )( )( )( )( )( )( )( ) The metal which is dissolved into liquid slag at high temperature in the dissolving agent and the dry stone in the ore and is discharged from the slag outlet of the furnace and is higher than the reduction temperature, such as: iron, lead, copper and the like in liquid state flow into an iron outlet, a lead outlet and a yellow slag outlet under the blast furnace, because the furnace is high oxygen enrichment smelting, iron in the ore is reduced into metallic iron (carbon mouth iron, melting point 1170 ℃) and flows down the furnace, for example, the bottom temperature of the blast furnaceWhen the temperature is reduced, the electric frequency furnace is started, electric energy is converted into heat energy, and the liquid iron is melted into iron and discharged at fixed time. Lead is discharged from a lead outlet at the lowest layer of the furnace. The zinc and cadmium with boiling point lower than the reduction temperature are in the gas state, namely the CO gas and the small amount of CO gas2Dust and the like flow into the electric heating furnace together from a furnace outlet air hole of the blast furnace, the electric heating furnace and the blast furnace are divided into two parts by a refractory brick furnace bridge, current in positive and negative electrodes in the electric heating furnace passes through a coke layer in the electric heating furnace, the coke is poor conductor and has large resistance, when the current passes, the current emits heat energy to heat the coke layer to a red hot carbon layer at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃, and a small amount of CO in the furnace outlet air of the blast furnace2Is completely reduced to (CO) by the carbon element. The carbon feeding hopper is added into the electric heating furnace in a closed manner from the top of the electric heating furnace, and the charging hopper on the blast furnace is also used for adding furnace materials into the blast furnace in a closed manner. No carbon dioxide in the discharged furnace gasAnd pumping the lead into a No. 1 lead condenser by an exhaust fan under the state of cooling to 950-910 ℃, and then discharging a small amount of cooled liquid lead in and out of the discharged furnace gas. And discharging, sequentially pumping into a 2# zinc condenser (cooling to 850-800 ℃) to be cooled into a liquid zinc deposition pool, and putting into zinc ingots at regular time. The furnace gas is pumped into a No. 3 water condenser in sequence to be cooled to over 700 ℃, and cadmium is collected by a cadmium accumulation pool regularly. And (2) discharging and pumping to a dust remover, after dust removal, conveying to a gas washing field by an exhaust fan for washing, collecting and applying the high-degree coal gas discharged from the furnace, if zinc powder is to be produced, collecting a part of coal gas from the washing field 17, feeding into a gas drier 40, inputting into a gas tank, pumping out from the tank, compressing into high-pressure coal gas with 4-6 atmospheric pressure, spraying out through a gas pipe to spray a liquid zinc tank 41 into powder, hermetically storing in a zinc powder tank 42, and packaging and leaving the factory.
The zinc smelting practical operation technology and the process flow of the pure oxygen zinc smelting method are as follows:
after wood is added from a hopper 6 of the blast furnace, the furnace is fired, after the fire is larger, a certain amount of coke is added, an oxygen generator is started, a small amount of oxygen is blown in and the oxygen content is gradually increased, after the flame of the coke is larger, the furnace is preheated to a certain degree, the coke is continuously added into the furnace, after 1/3 of a blast furnace chamber is arranged, a switch of an electric heating furnace is started, the coke is put into the electric heating furnace, and then raw materials are continuously added into the furnace through the hopper 6: roasted ore is crushed into 30-50 specification and coke is crushed into 60-80 specification, and the mixture of the raw materials is charged into a hopper 6 and then is charged into a blast furnace according to the ratio of 5: 3. The other two oxygenerators 4 are started, and the blast volume is gradually increased. And simultaneously, the exhaust fan 11 is started to exhaust the smoke outwards, and the full charge can be known from the hopper 6 after a period of time. A quantity of coke is then added to the hopper 5. The temperature in the blast furnace cavity is reflected to be continuously increased from the high temperature thermometer 32 at the upper part of the blast furnace, when the temperature is increased to 1000 ℃, the electric heating furnace switch on the operation console 18 is started, the electrode of the electric heating furnace starts to discharge and is gradually increased, the oxygen blowing amount of the oxygen generator is relatively increased at the same time, the blast amount is kept after 1400 ℃ is displayed on the high temperature thermometer 13 of the blast furnace, the current amount of the electrode in the electric heating furnace is relatively increased until the high temperature thermometer 32 of the electric heating furnace displays to 1100-1200 ℃, and the discharge amount is kept. At this time, the high oxygen enrichment zinc smelting method enters a normal operation state, and zinc, lead and iron are discharged after a period of time.
During the continuous operation, the following method is adopted: (the roasted ore is powder, and is made into 60 phi pellets by using 20% of binding liquid, 20% of carbon powder and 1% of straw through the processes of stirring, and then using a coal ball machine to make them undergo the process of sintering and red-firing in sintering furnaceAnd then smelting in the furnace after 700 ℃), charging the raw materials into the hopper 6, covering the hopper cover 23, opening the charging valve 22, charging the raw materials into the blast furnace, closing the hopper valve 22, and then adding the next materials, thus sealing the blast furnace from the outside. According to the charging procedure and method, the coke added into the carbon hopper is preheated to about 700 ℃ by the preheating furnace and is added into the electric furnace, and the carbon consumed in the process of reducing carbon dioxide is supplemented, so that the loss of the graphite carbon brick is reduced. The raw material is reduced and settled downwards during the smelting process. Under the action of gravity, the raw materials are continuously fed into the furnace. The electric furnace generates high temperature when in operation, oxygen blown into the furnace cavity by the oxygen generator combusts with coke in the furnace to carry out oxidation reaction ( And ) A large amount of heat energy is released. The temperature in the blast furnace is as high as 1400-1500 ℃. The temperature of the ore can be increased continuously to 1300-1400 ℃ under the condition of forced heating.
Carbon dioxide is reduced again to carbon monoxide when it passes through the red hot carbon layer ( ) The zinc oxide, iron oxide, lead oxide and the like in the ore can be quickly reduced into the original metal zinc, lead and iron by carbon monoxide and carbon in the blast furnace belly. ( )、( )、( )、( )、( ) In thatAt this time, the zinc metal is quickly in the form of zinc vapor and flies to the upper part of the furnace. (because the boiling point temperature of zinc is 906 ℃) the metallic iron-lead is liquid iron-lead and flows into the line frequency furnace and the furnace bottom lead pool 18 under the action of gravity, but little lead is volatilized into steam to rush to the upper part of the furnace. During the operation of the closed zinc smelting furnace, oxygen-enriched gas with the oxygen content of 80-99.5% produced by the oxygen generator 40 is input into the air inlet pipe 30 and then enters the blast furnace, so that the furnace temperature is increased, the carbon consumption is reduced, and the nitrogen content in the inlet gas is reduced, so that the heat energy loss in the furnace is reduced, the electrodes of the electric furnace are reduced, and the heat energy is generated by discharging on the gas outlet of the blast furnace (the high temperature reaches 1100-1200 ℃). At this time, the carbon added to the furnace is subjected to a reduction reaction with carbon dioxide gas at a high temperature ( ). Therefore, the content of carbon dioxide in the furnace gas above the electric furnace is less than 0.01 percent. This ensures that the zinc vapour is not oxidised during the condensation process. Under the action of forced exhaust fan 16, the zinc, cadmium and lead vapour in the furnace gas discharged from the upper portion of the electric heating furnace, other gases and dust can be continuously passed through the No. 1 condenser, the 1# condenser can reduce the temperature of the discharged gas to 950-910 deg.C, the lead vapour is cooled into liquid zinc, and the lead flows into the lead-accumulating pool. The 2# condenser 8 can cool the discharged gas to 850800 ℃, the zinc is evaporated and cooled to liquid zinc, the liquid zinc flows into the zinc accumulation pool 11, and the electric furnace 13 for adjusting the temperature at the bottom of the zinc accumulation pool can adjust the temperature of the liquid zinc (the temperature is monitored by the thermometer 32 at 800 ℃ -830 ℃). And held. Thus, the cadmium vapor is fully evaporated to the No. 3 water condenser 9, and the cadmium is obtained by cooling, collected in the cadmium collecting tank 12, discharged at regular time and collected. The refined zinc liquid is discharged from the zinc accumulation tank. (the zinc content is 99.9% -99.99%) and casting into refined zinc ingot to obtain the product. The soot is collected by the dust collector 14 and a small amount of zinc oxide can be returned to the furnace for re-smelting. The iron is discharged through the tap hole 30. Lead in the furnace bottom lead pool 28 is discharged periodically and cast into crude lead ingots. The slag is discharged from the slag hole 31 periodically and changed into fine slag by water crushing and sent to cement factories.
The control principle of the high oxygen-enriched zinc smelting furnace is as follows: the temperature heating value of the electric heating furnace part is controlled by the control console 18 to control the voltage and the current to rise and fall so as to reach the optimal temperature (the temperature above the electric heating furnace is 1100-1200 ℃), thus ensuring that the carbon dioxide is fully reduced into the carbon monoxide. The temperature of the blast furnace part is controlled, theratio of the air blown into the blast furnace to the coke in the raw materials is controlled by controlling the air quantity of the oxygen generator 4 and the air outlet pipe valve, so that the temperature in the blast furnace is ensured to be 1400-1500 ℃, and the zinc oxide and the lead oxide can be ensured to be fully reduced into metal zinc and metal iron lead. The forced draft system obtains the parameters of controlling the best amount of zinc vapor to the 2# condenser 8 by controlling the air output of the exhaust fan 16 and the iron oxide exhaust pipe valve. The water output of the # 3 condenser 9 was controlled to ensure sufficient cooling of the aluminum vapor. The temperature of the temperature-adjusting electric furnace 13 is controlled to ensure that the cadmium vapor in the zinc accumulation pool 11 is fully evaporated to the No. 3 condenser 9, cooled to be cadmium to the cadmium accumulation pool 12, and discharged periodically. The produced zinc powder is collected from a washing field 17, part of coal gas enters a gas dryer 35 for drying, then the coal gas is conveyed into a gas tank 39 for storage, an air compressor 40 is used for pumping out the coal gas from the tank and compressing the coal gas into high-pressure coal gas with 4-6 atmospheric pressure, the high-pressure coal gas is sprayed out through a gas pipe to spray liquid zinc in a liquid zinc tank 41 into zinc powder, the zinc powder is stored in a zinc powder cabinet 42 in a sealed mode, and the zinc powder is packaged and.
The scientific principle that the oxygen-enriched closed zinc smelting furnace can be built is as follows:
firstly, the blast furnace smelting reduction has good effect on various metals, the furnace temperature of the blast furnace can generally reach 1500 ℃ to 1700 ℃, the refractory material has no problem, and the heat conduction is the best because the temperature is directly increased in the furnace bosh. By using oxygen-enriched smelting, the carbon consumption can be saved by 20 percent, and the metal content can be increased by 15 to 20 percent. And the CO content in the furnace gas is 98.5% -99.5%. The zinc vapor discharged from the furnace is generally 13% -15%, and the FeO in the ore is reduced into liquid iron to be smelted due to the high content of CO (see the attached figure).
Secondly, no CO exists in the discharged process2Therefore, a small amount of lead can be obtained by cooling the No. 1 condenser in the invention, and the No. 2 condenser is cooled at the temperature of 850-800 ℃ to ensure that high-grade refined zinc with the purity of 99.9-99.99% is obtained.
The boiling point of zinc is 906 ℃, cadmium can not be cooled to the zinc amount above 800 ℃, and cadmium is cooled and collected because the boiling point of cadmium is 768 ℃, and the boiling point of cadmium is below 700 ℃ in a 3# water cooler.
Thirdly, CO in furnace gas of red-hot coke layer in electric heating furnace with the temperature of 1000 DEG C2About 100 percent reduction to CO due to pure oxygen smelting to produce CO in furnace gas2The content is very small, and the electric heating furnace has small electricity consumption and power.
The raw material forming machine can use no smoke as a reducing agent, can use ores to be well jointed, and has a certain cavity, so that the reduction reaction is fast and good, the raw material is preheated to more than 700 ℃ in a preheating furnace before smelting, the Chinese herbal medicine is not burnt out when entering the furnace to smelt, a plurality of micropores are left, the surface area of a material ball is increased, the smelting speed is increased, the yield is increased, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Fifth, the invention adds a power frequency electric heating furnace under the blast furnace, which can melt the metal iron flowing into the blast furnace bottom into liquid iron and discharge it at regular time.
Because the high-temperature liquid zinc at 800 ℃ is accumulated in the zinc accumulation tank, the discharged coal gas is high-content coal gas which does not react with zinc and is the best gas when being used as the injection gas, and refined zinc powder can be prepared at one time only by additionally arranging a compressor and a zinc powder cabinet (sealed type).
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the background technology, the method has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the prior art that the yield of an electric heating furnace, a flat tank furnace and a vertical tank furnace is lower, the oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method can achieve the result of how fast the yield is. A plurality of: 35-45 tons of refined zinc and 6-10 tons of crude lead are produced in a small-sized closed zinc smelting furnace per day; fast: the smelting speed is high, namely, the roasted ore enters a furnace for smelting, and refined zinc ingots can be smelted within two hours or more.
2. Compared with the prior art of 'ISP' zinc smelting, the oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method can achieve good and economical effect. Well: the oxygen type zinc smelting furnace can be used for smelting refined zinc with the zinc content of 99.9-99.99% in one step. Saving: when smelting in a closed zinc smelting furnace, the zinc is not required to be sintered into blocks, and air is not required to be preheated to 700 ℃ for smelting in the furnace, so that time and labor are saved. On the material saving, the recovery rates of the contents of zinc, iron and lead in the ore are respectively more than 96 percent to more than 98 percent.
3. Compared with the background art, the oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation conditions, no lead pump and lead liquid as condensate, and the closed zinc smelting furnace combines national conditions, so that the zinc smelting furnace is more medium and miniaturized.
4. Compared with the background technology, the oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method utilizes electric energy and a zinc accumulation pool to smelt refined zinc at one time, changes the situation that refined zinc cannot be smelted at one time in the technical field of zinc smelting by a pyrogenic process, and saves time and energy compared with the background technology. In the background technology, crude zinc can only be smelted first and then sent to a refinery for refining after being cast into zinc ingots.
5. Carbon dioxide in furnace gas of the oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method is reduced into carbon monoxide, so that the content of the carbon dioxide in the furnace gas is lower than 0.01 percent, and the zinc vapor is ensured not to be oxidized into zinc oxide again when being cooled.
6. Compared with the prior art, the oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method does not need a sintering system for ores, a preheating system for air and a lead-rain condensation system, simplifies the process, reduces equipment and reduces the total investment of engineering. The refined roasted sand ore is used as a source material, the oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method solves the problems of heavy pollution and difficult smelting in the process of smelting zinc by a pyrometallurgical method in the background art, the discharge amount of the furnace is very small, and the technology makes great contribution to environmental protection and zinc smelting by the pyrometallurgical method.
Therefore, the refined zinc powder can be produced at one time by utilizing the self-generated gas and a compressor and a closed zinc powder cabinet,and no refined zinc powder can be produced at one time in the background art.
The main body of the high oxygen-enriched closed zinc smelting furnace is formed by organically combining an electric heating furnace with a hole at the bottom, a blast furnace with a cap at the bottom, an electric frequency furnace and an oxygen generating system at the bottom, and the like. The details are set forth in the description. The invention is carried out under the conditions of closed type from the air inlet and external connection of the oxygen generator, intermediate charging and carbon addition, all parts of the whole furnace run under the closed state, and the whole furnace is also provided with a material conveying system, a starting system, an ore roasting system, a raw material forming system and a water supply and drainage system which are not detailed.
The best way to realize the closed zinc smelting furnace by using materials and equipment is to build the furnace.
The pure oxygen zinc smelting method is a zinc smelting furnace with an organic combination of an electric heating furnace with a hole at the top and a hole at the bottom, a blast furnace with a lower furnace and a power frequency furnace below the furnace. The periphery and top of the electric furnace and the periphery of the blast furnace are welded by steel plates, the electric furnace cover at the top is built with refractory bricks, the periphery of the blast furnace is coiled by two charging hoppers 6 by steel plates (phi 800) and is formed by a charging cover 23 and a hopper valve 22. The connection of the two hoppers to the blast furnace was by electric welding, and the carbon hopper 5 was made of a steel pipe (phi 600) as an inspection hole of the furnace. The steel pipe is welded on the electric furnace cover, and is provided with a carbon bucket cover and a carbon bucket valvewhich are directly communicated to an electrode cavity in the electric furnace. The electric heating furnace 1 is connected with a transformer 19, a control screen 18 and a cable 33. The two zinc flue openings are made of steel, and are made up by using graphite carbon bricks to build up a circular masonry body along the bottom of electric heating furnace, and are separated by using refractory bricks, and the middle portion is formed from blast furnace upper end outlet (phi 980). The blast furnace cavity (phi 1180) is made of refractory bricks. The outside is a steel plate, the lower part is provided with two slag holes 31 which are used alternately, the lower part is provided with a power frequency furnace, the lower part is provided with a lead pool 28, and the lower part is provided with a lead outlet 29. The blast system consists of an oxygen generator 4, an air inlet pipe 34 and an air inlet pipe valve 22, and is distributed below the blast furnace. Two sets of smoke exhaust systems and condenser systems are composed of a zinc flue gas port, an inverted 1# condenser, and the square area of a stainless steel pipe is equal to that of the zinc flue port. The No. 2 condenser zinc accumulation tank 15 is made of stainless steel. Each cell can contain 0.8T of liquid zinc. A temperature-adjusting electric furnace 13 is arranged below the zinc accumulation pool. The periphery of the zinc accumulation pool 11 is provided with a heat preservation layer, a zinc outlet and a thermometer 32 are arranged outside the pool, a 3# water condenser 9 is connected with the zinc accumulation pool 12, two smoke dust processors 14, an exhaust fan 16 and the like are matched to form the zinc accumulation pool, and two smoke exhaust pipes and two smoke exhaust pipe valves 22 are arranged outside the zinc accumulation pool. The top of the electric heating furnace and the middle upper part of the blast furnace are respectively provided with a high temperature thermometer 32, an exhaust fan 16, a smoke exhaust pipe and a smoke exhaustpipe valve 22 which are used for conveying carbon monoxide in the discharged smoke out to be used as fuel for roasting ores. When zinc powder is to be produced, a part of gas tank 39 is collected from a washing field 17 and stored, air compressor 40 is used for pumping out from the tank and compressing into high-pressure gas with 4-6 atm, the high-pressure gas is sprayed into a liquid zinc tank 41 through a gas pipe, and the liquid zinc is sprayed into zinc powder to be stored in a zinc powder tank 42 in a sealed manner and packaged and delivered out of a factory. The connection mode of each part of the furnace is welding or bolt connection. The switch and the thermometer display of the electric appliance part are arranged on the operation control screen 18, and the materials and the equipment are added to form the oxygen-enriched zinc smelting furnace. The whole furnace is communicated with the outside except the air inlet part of the air blowing system and the air outlet part of the flue system, and all parts of the whole furnace operate under a closed condition. The material conveying system and the starting system of the whole furnace, the ore roasting system, the raw material forming system, the water supply and drainage system, the power supply system, the environment-friendly treatment system, the preheating sintering furnace and the gas washing field do not belong to the invention directly. And therefore will not be described in greater detail herein.
The high oxygen-enriched zinc smelting furnace is divided into three types, namely a large type, a medium type and a small type: the zinc yield of the large-scale smelting furnace is more than 6 ten thousand tons every year, and the zinc yield of the medium-scale smelting furnace is more than 3 ten thousand tons every year. The zinc yield per year of the small-sized smelting furnace is more than 1 ten thousand tons.
The above are preferred examples of the present invention. A smelting furnace is built by utilizing the principle of a high oxygen-enriched closed zinc smelting furnace, metal is smelted and reduced by a blast furnace, discharged gas is conveyed into various furnaces, carbon is heated to high temperature by various energy sources to reduce carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide and then is cooled to obtain zinc and cadmium, and iron and lead are smelted at the bottom of the furnace, and zinc fine powder is produced at one time. The furnace is not only suitable for the size of the furnace volume, but also can be modified in various forms.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1: full diagram of high oxygen-enriched zinc-smelting furnace
FIG. 2: the whole picture of the production of the zinc refined powder is shown in figure 4:
FIG. 3: british ISP zinc smelting furnace full map of carbon dioxide and metal reduction coordinate diagram
1. Electric heating furnace 2, blast furnace 3, industrial frequency furnace 4, oxygen generation system
5. Carbon hopper 6, hopper 7, No. 1 condenser 8 and No. 2 condenser
9. 3# water condenser 10, lead pool 11, zinc accumulation pool 12 and cadmium accumulation pool
13. Temperature-adjusting electric furnace 14, dust remover 15, dust accumulation pool 16 and exhaust fan
17. Gas washing field 18, control screen 19, electric furnace transformer 20 and industrial frequency transformer
21. Electric heating furnace bridge 22, valve 23, cover 24 and working platform
25. Pillar 26, furnace body support 27, moving furnace bottom 28 and large lead pool
29. Lead outlet 30, tap hole 31, slag outlet 32 and high-temperature thermometer
33. Lead 34, oxygen inlet pipe 35, water tower 36, graphite positive and negative electrodes
37. Water guide pipe
38. Gas dryer 39, gas tank 40, gas compressor
41. Liquid zinc tank 42, zinc powder cabinet 43, dust remover 44 and exhaust fan
45. 46 parts of bag-type dust collector and zinc powder charging port
Claims (8)
1. A zinc smelting method by a high oxygen-enriched closed blast furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: a smelting method for smelting refined zinc, pig iron, crude lead, furnace slag and refined zinc powder from high-oxygen-enriched carbon, electric energy and ore material in one step. The method is to reduce carbon dioxide in the discharged gas of the smelting furnace into carbon monoxide by using heat energy and carbon element to smelt metal. Characterized by comprising the steps of smelting and reducing metal by a blast furnace: the blast furnace blows gaseous oxygen-enriched air into the furnace chamber to burn and oxidize carbon in the raw materials to release high heat 、 The lead-zinc oxide ore which is made into lumps in the furnace chamber is forced to be heated to 1300-1500 ℃, carbon monoxide formed by high-temperature carbon and carbon in the furnace chamber is heated to high temperatureAt the temperature, the lead and the iron react with the oxidized metal to generate liquid metal lead and iron 、 ， Gaseous metals formed after reduction, e.g. zinc, cadmium 、 The liquid metal is discharged from the metal at the bottom of the furnace, the slag is discharged from the outlet of the slag pool, the gas metal and the dust of the discharged gas are pumped into the electric heating furnace,
2. the high oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method of claim 1 is characterized in that: a small amount of CO in the gas flow of the gaseous metal, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and dust2Carbon dioxide in the furnace gas discharged from the electric heating furnace is nearly completely reduced by carbon elements to form carbon monoxide, under the action of an exhaust fan (16), gaseous metal, discharged gas and dust are pumped to a No. 1 condenser (7) through a zinc flue to cool liquid metal lead at a controlled temperature, discharged gas flows into a No. 2 condenser to be condensed at a controlled temperature, and the liquid zinc flows into a zinc accumulating pool (11) and is discharged and collected at regular intervals. Cadmium vapor is combined with discharged gas and is pumped into a No. 3 condenser (9), the No. 3 water condenser cools the cadmium vapor into cadmium, the cadmium is pumped into a cadmium accumulation pool (12) and is periodically discharged and collected, discharged furnace gas and dust are pumped into a dust remover (14), the dust remover is periodically discharged and collected after dust is accumulated, the discharged furnace gas enters an exhaust fan (16) and is sent to a gas washing field through a smoke exhaust pipe,
3. a high oxygen enrichment zinc smelting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: reducing carbon dioxide discharged from the furnace by electric furnaces, wherein the electric furnaces comprise an electric arc furnace, an electric frequency furnace and an electric heating furnace, the electric frequency furnace is divided into a power frequency furnace and a high frequency furnace, heating elements of the electric heating furnace are divided into a silicon carbide heating element electric furnace and a resistance wire electric furnace, the electric furnaces are all devices for converting electric energy into heat energy, coke added into the electric furnaces heats the coke and keeps the temperature of the coke between 1000 and 1200 ℃ by utilizing the heat energy converted from the electric energy, and carbon dioxide gas in the discharged gas passes through a red hot coke layer to fully reduce the carbon dioxideTo carbon monoxide So that the carbon dioxide in the furnace gas is lower than 0.01 percent, the gaseous substances and dust in the electric furnace are pumped to a zinc flue opening connected with the upper part of the electric furnace by an exhaust fan and enter a No. 1 and No. 2 condenser and a No. 3 water condenser,
4. a high oxygen enrichment zinc smelting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the zinc accumulation pool (11) is used for accumulating zinc and is kept between 800 ℃ and 830 ℃ by utilizing the liquid zinc in the temperature-regulating electric furnace heating pool under the pool, so that the cadmium in the zinc accumulation pool (11) is fully evaporated out and is pumped into a No. 3 water condenser (8) together with the dust in the furnace gas,
5. a high oxygen enrichment zinc smelting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the exhaust fan (16) has the functionof sucking the furnace gas and dust in the electric heating furnace by using electric energy, the furnace gas is treated by the equipment and then is pumped to a dust remover for dust removal (14), the furnace gas is sent to a gas washing field for washing (17) after dust removal,
6. a high oxygen enrichment zinc smelting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the coal gas washed by the washing field is sent into a gas drying agent (38) for drying and then is sent into a coal gas cabinet (39) for storage and application,
7. a high oxygen enrichment zinc smelting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the gas compressor (40) sucks gas from the gas tank (39) and compresses the gas into high-pressure gas, liquid zinc in the liquid zinc tank (41) is sprayed into zinc powder which is stored in the closed zinc powder tank (42) and canned for delivery,
8. a high oxygen enrichment zinc smelting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the zinc powder in the zinc powder cabinet (42) is discharged periodically, the coal gas is pumped into a dust remover (43) by an exhaust fan (44) for dust removal, and then is sent into a bag-type dust remover (45) for dust removal, and the coal gas is collected for reuse.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410021701 CN1644720A (en) | 2004-01-19 | 2004-01-19 | Oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method |
| PCT/CN2005/000083 WO2005078146A1 (en) | 2004-01-19 | 2005-01-19 | A zinc refining process with oxygen-enriched and the enclosed smelting furnace thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410021701 CN1644720A (en) | 2004-01-19 | 2004-01-19 | Oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1644720A true CN1644720A (en) | 2005-07-27 |
Family
ID=34845691
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410021701 Pending CN1644720A (en) | 2004-01-19 | 2004-01-19 | Oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1644720A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005078146A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100436609C (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-11-26 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司韶关冶炼厂 | Heavy-duty material inlay sintering process production technique |
| CN102286653A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-21 | 赖成章 | Method for smelting high-titanium slag by inputting hydrogen with intermediate-frequency furnace |
| CN106337137A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2017-01-18 | 赖成章 | Novel zinc smelting method |
| CN107352567A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2017-11-17 | 青海大学 | Method for preparing high-purity aluminum oxide by vacuum reduction, distillation and purification |
| CN110129584A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-16 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Short route pyrometallurgy of zinc device and method |
| CN110453082A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-15 | 龙岩山青冶金科技有限公司 | Steel plant's Zinc-Bearing Wastes electric furnace process recycles crude zinc system and method |
| CN110453090A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-15 | 龙岩山青冶金科技有限公司 | Steel plant's Zinc-Bearing Wastes electric furnace process recycles zinc oxide system and method |
| CN111349793A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-30 | 沈阳东大山汇环境科技有限公司 | Zinc recovery method and device for blast furnace or shaft furnace |
| CN115164594A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-10-11 | 山东科朗特微波设备有限公司 | Intelligent tunnel type volatilization equipment |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102095310B (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-08-01 | 首钢总公司 | Dual-chamber dual-temperature pipe type atmosphere comprehensive resistance furnace and using method thereof |
| CN110172593B (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2023-04-28 | 云南锡业股份有限公司铜业分公司 | An energy-saving and environment-friendly tin smelting system and smelting process |
| CN110724831A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-24 | 重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司 | Carbon circulating system and method for producing zinc oxide by industrially recycling zinc |
| CN111020083B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-08-06 | 王立臣 | Pure oxygen smelting furnace and using method thereof |
| CN112210636B (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2024-05-24 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Device for strengthening central gas flow of reduction furnace of European smelting furnace |
| CN114480841B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2024-04-19 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Electric furnace dust and iron extraction tailings full quantization and high value utilization method thereof |
| CN115261534B (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2023-07-18 | 攀钢集团西昌钢钒有限公司 | A method for smelting high-zinc charge in a blast furnace |
| CN116121550B (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2024-10-01 | 西安聚能高温合金材料科技有限公司 | Automatic dust removal system and dust removal method for protective atmosphere electroslag furnace |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9305560D0 (en) * | 1993-03-18 | 1993-05-05 | Univ Birmingham | Method of recovering zine |
| GB9502222D0 (en) * | 1995-02-04 | 1995-03-22 | Imp Smelting Processes | Smelting process |
| CN1153837C (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2004-06-16 | 赖成章 | Process for smelting zinc |
-
2004
- 2004-01-19 CN CN 200410021701 patent/CN1644720A/en active Pending
-
2005
- 2005-01-19 WO PCT/CN2005/000083 patent/WO2005078146A1/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100436609C (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-11-26 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司韶关冶炼厂 | Heavy-duty material inlay sintering process production technique |
| CN102286653A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-21 | 赖成章 | Method for smelting high-titanium slag by inputting hydrogen with intermediate-frequency furnace |
| CN106337137A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2017-01-18 | 赖成章 | Novel zinc smelting method |
| CN107352567A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2017-11-17 | 青海大学 | Method for preparing high-purity aluminum oxide by vacuum reduction, distillation and purification |
| CN110129584A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-16 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Short route pyrometallurgy of zinc device and method |
| CN110129584B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2021-06-22 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Short-process pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device and method |
| CN110453082A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-15 | 龙岩山青冶金科技有限公司 | Steel plant's Zinc-Bearing Wastes electric furnace process recycles crude zinc system and method |
| CN110453090A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-15 | 龙岩山青冶金科技有限公司 | Steel plant's Zinc-Bearing Wastes electric furnace process recycles zinc oxide system and method |
| CN111349793A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-30 | 沈阳东大山汇环境科技有限公司 | Zinc recovery method and device for blast furnace or shaft furnace |
| CN111349793B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2024-06-07 | 沈阳东大山汇环境科技有限公司 | Zinc recovery method and device for blast furnace or shaft furnace |
| CN115164594A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-10-11 | 山东科朗特微波设备有限公司 | Intelligent tunnel type volatilization equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2005078146A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1644720A (en) | Oxygen-enriched zinc smelting method | |
| CN202195692U (en) | Oxygen-enriched side-blown continuous fuming furnace | |
| CN101191150B (en) | Comprehensive utilization method for blast furnace gas mud and combustion furnace for processing | |
| CN102039070A (en) | Method and equipment for separating molten dust carried by high-temperature gas and application thereof | |
| CN101240379A (en) | Method for directly smelting lead zinc sulfide ore by hydrogen | |
| CN107541608A (en) | A kind of melt carbothermy magnesium technique and refining magnesium system | |
| CN107267746A (en) | The method and its device of a kind of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction-top blow smelting production ferronickel | |
| CN1109910A (en) | Direct reduction process for oxygen-rich fusion gasifying furnace | |
| CN103352128A (en) | Direct zinc-coal mixing cyclone burning type zinc oxide production system | |
| CN101121950A (en) | Tube furnace-shaft furnace twin coal-base fusing reduction iron-smelting method | |
| CN102121788A (en) | Smelting furnace | |
| CN201104092Y (en) | Built-in coal based sponge iron shaft furnace | |
| CN214327826U (en) | Treatment and utilization device for recovering zinc oxide by smelting reduction of suspended metallurgical zinc-containing ash | |
| CN1153837C (en) | Process for smelting zinc | |
| CN100451133C (en) | Method and equipment for producing direct reduced iron using coke oven gas | |
| CN106011496B (en) | A kind of two-region bath smelting furnace and its slicker solder refine smelting process altogether | |
| CN2412018Y (en) | Enclosed zinc-smelting furnace | |
| CN103080681A (en) | Rotary hearth furnace exhaust gas duct apparatus and method for operating same | |
| CN207130313U (en) | A kind of system for handling utilising zinc containing waste residue | |
| CN104263934B (en) | A kind of wind coal blown converter and Tin concentrate wind coal blown converter smelting process | |
| CN210438803U (en) | Coarse zinc recovery system by electric furnace method for zinc dust sludge in iron and steel plant | |
| CN204151392U (en) | Vertical containing TiO2 slag reduction calciner | |
| CN210596207U (en) | Zinc Oxide Recovery System by Electric Furnace Method for Zinc Dust and Sludge in Iron and Steel Plant | |
| CN206089775U (en) | Lead zinc ore 's melting equipment | |
| CN206089768U (en) | Lead zinc ore 's melting equipment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |