CN1598181A - Structure design of wall sturcture with hollow light beam and its construction technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention supplies the structure design and construction process of the hollow light girder-wall structure. The structure is combining the girder and wall together. When it uses as girder it can bare the weight of the wall itself, the weight of the floor slab and the load of the floor slab. When it uses as wall, it can have the function of separation, heat preservation, shear resistant, tensile and combination. Girder-wall is a pre-cast product. The outer wall manufactured in the factory is sandwich wall that can perform the function of heat preservation, and the inner wall is hollow wall. The invention has the advantage of thin, light, high intension, low cost and wide range of application.

Description

The structure design of hollow light body beam sturcture and construction technology

Technical field

The present invention relates to building trade structure design field.

Background technology

Along with expanding economy, builing industry is constantly development thereupon also, and in order to save the soil, the building of building is developed to high level by original low layer.Along with prevailing of builing industry, newly-built high buildings and large mansions are more and more.In order to make building easier, quality is more reliable, and people wait in expectation to build a house and develop to batch production; In order to protect environment, energy conservation, people wish to build a house more material-saving, more insulation; To the destruction in house, people require the house firmer in order to resist natural calamity (as disaster caused by a windstorm, floods, earthquake etc.); In order to save money, the expense that people wish to build the house is lower; Everything all becomes builder's pursuit.

At present, popular structure is formed with following several in the builing industry:

1, brick mix structure: the characteristics of brick mix structure are brick one-tenth load bearing walls, make of cement mortar and build mouth, between floor and the floor collar tie beam are arranged, and floor is placed on the collar tie beam, and the advantage of this structure is that cost is low, and production technology is simple.Shortcoming is that recruitment is many, and long in time limit, body of wall is thicker, and structural area is bigger, has tied up usable floor area, and baking bricks fetches earth needs land occupation, and baking bricks needs a large amount of coal of burning, produces a large amount of carbon dioxide.Destroy environment, when the number of plies surpasses eight layers, because the intensity of brick is restricted, so brick mix structure can not cover high level.

2, frame construction: cast Beam with concrete casting, post, plate, wait upon after concrete strength reaches requirement, thorough again wall, advantage is the intensity height, the function energy is many, bigger space can be arranged, and shortcoming is that this brick of cost of framework mixes height, and the support plate box spends great amount of manpower, material resources, long construction period, wall in the frame construction is not born Dai Heli, the weight of wall itself is also by beam, post is born, and has increased the cross section of beam column like this, has improved cost, because framework belongs to flexible structure, when high level, (wind cuts laterally to cut lotus, earthquake) safety to structure has bigger influence, therefore, the number of plies of frame construction can not be too many, generally is no more than 20 layers.

3, shear wall structure, in order to increase the ability that the frame construction opposing laterally cuts lotus, with all or part of concrete casting of using of body of wall, the calamity sample has increased the ability of doing horizontal what load, and the number of plies can improve, but cost also increases thereupon.

4, pit shaft formula structure in order to improve the number of plies, improves the ratio of width to height, often adopt pit shaft formula structure in the highrise building, design feature is, the exterior wall of building is a tube, and interior wall reproduces a tube, because the wall of pit shaft formula structure all is a concrete casting, so, can claim no pole structure without post, this structure can be built very high building, but cost is higher.

At present; the insulation of building all be by exterior wall finish such as brick mix structure; in order to be incubated, exterior wall is built into pseudo-ginseng wall (370 millimeters former), plasters in the inside and outside again; wall is former to surpass 400 millimeters; and heat insulation effect is also bad, and the benzene plate that has adopted the exterior wall outside that 50～60 millimeters thick are installed at present in the shear wall structure is incubated, and the benzene plate serves as a contrast one deck brick wall outward again and protects the benzene plate; increase the thickness of wall like this, improved cost.

Summary of the invention

The design feature of hollow light body Liang Qiang:

Hollow light body Liang Qiang is called for short Liang Qiang, and hollow light body beam sturcture is called for short beam sturcture.

The pluses and minuses of the various form of structure in the building complex, I propose to go the new process of building a building with beam sturcture.So-called beam sturcture is integrated beam and wall exactly, promptly is beam, it also is wall, as beam, it can bear weight, bears the body of wall deadweight, bear the load of floor weight and floor, as wall, it plays partition, insulation, shearing resistance, and tension is pressed and anastomosis, since be beam, it also the beam in frame construction support by post.Wall is to be welded on the reinforcing bar of reinforced concrete column with the connection muscle, shuts with the concrete of casting pillar then.

Liang Qiang is a preform, produces in factory, and the equipment in the factory is that movable equipment can be moved with the building site.The size of body of wall is the same with the room big, thickness 90～140 millimeter of body of wall, and design with the need, exterior wall is the sandwich wall, plays insulation effect, the fire-retardant benzene plate of therebetween is as heat-barrier material; Interior wall is a hollow wall.Make keel with reinforcing bar and steel mesh, the concrete of two lateral irrigations casting, 20～40 millimeter, concrete thickness is by the stressing conditions design decision, be welded with the connection muscle around the keel, both sides connect with post, and the connection muscle above the body of wall and the lower link muscle of top body of wall link, and the connection muscle below the body of wall links with the top muscle that connects of following body of wall, like this, whole solitary building is an integral body.Because above said form of structure, beam sturcture has following advantage:

1, thin: body of wall 100 millimeter, structural area is reduced, usable floor area increases.

2, light: because the Liang Qiang both sides have only the concrete of 20 millimeter, so wall weight is very light, about about 100 kilograms of every square metre of metope, wall weight in whole building only accounts for about 1/4th like this.

3, rigidity is good, and beam wall horizontal positioned can be made roof panel and use.

4, good, the tension of intensity, resistance to compression, bending resistance, shear behavior are all fine, can replace concrete beam, whole load that the burden beam is born.

5, good heat insulating, owing to accompany insulation layer in the middle of the exterior wall, the exterior wall indoor is shaped on sealant, so the heat-insulating property thing is not good.

6, speed of application is fast, locates as long as wall is placed on the locating rack entirely, and both sides are connected on the reinforcing bar that muscle is welded in pillar, install just basic intact must.

7, need not plaster in the surface, owing to be preform, what surface of wall was handled in the system of giving is very good, so metope need not be plastered.

If 8 exterior walls have floating the accent or outer the decoration, can in the system of giving, once finish, the outer decoration become and easily.

9, cost is low, seems fairly obvious when especially building high level.Because the very light in weight of body of wall is so the weight of whole building is also very light, as comparing with seven layers of brick mix structure, the basis of seven layers of brick mix structure, can cover 16 layers with beam sturcture, basic cost reduces, because body of wall has played beam action, compares with frame construction, beam has been saved, because body is light, the carrying of post reduces, and the sectional area of post also can reduce, concrete amount reduces, and has also reduced cost.It is similar that the cost of body of wall and pseudo-ginseng brick mix wall, so the construction cost of whole building lacks relatively, makes the building cost low.

10, good integrity, because the body of wall pillar in entire building room all is associated in and becomes as a whole together, therefore, the building mechanical property spy of beam sturcture is good, anti-transverse load very capable, building the ratio of width to height of beam sturcture can be done 1: 5～1: 6.

11, the scope of application of beam sturcture is very extensive, and the one-storey house that uses from the peasant, little second floor are until 30 layers residential building, and office premises all is suitable for.In addition, can also with other form of structure couplings, as the structure on upper strata, for example bottom is the market of frame construction, and the upper strata can be the dwelling house or the hotel of beam sturcture, as build high-rise office room, lower floor can use the scissors wall construction, the upper strata beam sturcture, in a word, as long as need the place of performance beam sturcture advantage, demand all arranged.

12, in sum, beam sturcture is the high stratification of the structure of building, production plantization, and building body lightness uses energy-conservationization that a new approach is provided.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the plan view of the hollow flat wall of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the plan view that the present invention is incubated flat wall;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the plan view of both shoulders hollow wall of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the plan view that the present invention singly takes on insulated wall;

Fig. 8 is the sectional view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of net bar of the present invention;

Figure 10 is the structural representation of grid of the present invention;

Figure 11 is the structural representation of keel of the present invention;

Figure 12 is the construction schematic diagram of Ping Qiang of the present invention both sides concrete perfusion;

Figure 13 is the construction schematic diagram of both shoulders wall of the present invention both sides concrete perfusion;

Figure 14 is that hollow wall of the present invention left side, right side, upside add the batten schematic diagram.

1 keel among the figure, 2 concrete, 3 hoisting rings, 4 connect that muscle, 5 structural walls are protruding, 6 insulation layers, 7 sealants, 8 templates, 9 adherent layers.

The specific embodiment

The structure of Liang Qiang and manufacture method:

One, the form of structure of Liang Qiang

1, the citation form of Liang Qiang (flat wall):

The Liang Qiang of citation form is hollow flat wall, forms by the both sides casting concrete 2 of the keel 1 of steel, and wall thickness 100～140 millimeter, concrete 2 about 20～40 millimeter, the two sides of wall is the plane, middle 50～60 millimeters is the space, sees Fig. 1.

2, be incubated flat wall: front-back wall is flat wall, also is exterior wall, and intermediate gaps part filling benzene plate is made insulation layer 6; Ping Qiang indoor metope is done sealant 7, is used for preventing that winter, indoor warm air infiltrated the middle frosting of body of wall; The outside can be decorated, and sees Fig. 2.

3, both shoulders hollow wall: bilateral is born the partitions of floor and is made the both shoulders hollow wall, and shoulder is made in the body of wall both sides, bears floor, sees Fig. 3.

4 single shoulder insulated walls: big gable is single shoulder insulated wall, and by only bearing a side floor for big gable, so an indoor side is done shoulder, and does sealant 7, shoulder is not done in the outside, and cavity filling expanded polystyrene (EPS) forms insulation layer 6, sees Fig. 4.

Two, the manufacture method of Liang Qiang

The manufacturing of keel 1:

1, the manufacturing of net bar, net bar are that the screw-thread steel of Φ 6～Φ 12 is done the limit.Stay bolt is done by the round steel of Φ 5～Φ 10 in the centre, and is welded together, sees Fig. 5.In order to gain in strength, with screw-thread steel and the powerful stretching of round steel, make pulling force surpass yield strength, its plastic strain is all finished, but certain distance will be arranged with ultimate strength, guarantee the intensity of reinforcing bar.

2, the manufacturing of grid: grid is to be welded into the net bar, and the net stripe pitch is 500～100 millimeters, can level, capwise, see Fig. 6, and increase shear resistance as need, can arrange oblique lacing wire as required.

3, the manufacturing of flat wall keel 1: connect muscle 4 with burn-oning around the grid that welds, and steel mesh is installed on the grid, flat wall keel are just made and are over, and steel mesh can be welded on the grid, also can bind with wiring, decides on stressing conditions, sees Fig. 8.

4, the manufacturing of both shoulders wall, single epaulement keel 1

On the basis of flat wall keel 1, the steel mesh reinforcement of bilateral shoulder (or one-sided shoulder) is installed again, promptly manufacture and finish.

Three, Liang Qiang both sides concrete is irritated casting

Make template 8 by the body of wall size and shape with steel plate, on template 8, spread adherent layer 9, tiling one layer concrete 2 on adherent layer again, concrete 2 thickness are decided according to design, again the keel 1 that make are lain on the concrete of completing 2, evenly add certain pressure on the keel 1, make template 8 vibration, make steel mesh designated depth in the concrete.Owing to vibration, concrete 2 and keel 1 one sides are by jolt ramming, and after vibration reached technical requirements, health reached predetermined strength, and body of wall is removed from template, made another side, and health after another side filling casting finishes reaches predetermined strength, places standby.See Fig. 8, Fig. 9.

Four, the adding of insulation layer 6

Needs are added in the intermediate gaps of body of wall of insulation layer 6 and evenly spread one deck expanded polystyrene particle and blowing agent with special tool, quantity is decided by technical requirements, the body of wall of a collection of granules of polystyrene of putting well and blowing agent is placed in the heating cabinet with heating, temperature, time decide by technical requirements, reach uniform temperature and time, granule foaming finishes, and in the gap in the middle of the beam wall a complete benzene plate is just arranged like this.

Five, hollow wall left side, right side, upside are handled

Because the left side of wall and right side connect with the reinforcing bar of post, irritate the casting concrete to pillar, so the slit on left side and right side must be with batten stifled on, but batten is placed in 100 millimeters places apart from the edge within the walls.Reserve a seam, concrete is irritated the casting back and is formed integral body with wall.

Upside is laid batten by edge, falls down with anti-gray when plastering, and sees Figure 10.

Building and installation:

One, basis

Because body of wall is very light, thus the no specific (special) requirements in basis design routinely by geological conditions and stress condition because body of wall is very broad, so basicly can make low wide and up narrow form.More than four layers, should there be collar tie beam on the basis as building, the connection muscle that on the collar tie beam reinforcing bar, is welded, and expose outside the concrete, so that the ellbeam wall connects.

Two, post

Post can have two kinds of form of structure: one for common reinforced concrete post, and body of wall is installed after the reinforcing bar of post has been adorned, and with the connection muscle of the both sides of body of wall and the reinforcing bar firm welding of post, detains upper box plate then, casting concrete, and vibrating reaches technical requirements.

Second kind of form of post is steel pipe column, and Liang Qiang is welded on the steel pipe, irritates the casting concrete in the middle of the steel pipe.Such post can be gained in strength and rigidity, and cost is high slightly, and speed of application is fast, and the steel pipe external demand is done topping, and the protection steel pipe is not subjected to natural erosion.

Three, the installation of Liang Qiang

Just can the mounting rail wall after the steel wire binding bar of post all installs, Liang Qiang locatees by locating rack, and locating rack can three-dimensionally be adjusted the degree of accuracy, makes the installation degree of accuracy of beam reach technical requirements.The reinforcing bar that behind the location Liang Qiang both sides is connected muscle and post welds, and adds support, in case be offset during concrete placing.

Four, the installation of floor

Floor is born by gable and partitions, and the both sides of wall (gable one side) produces shoulder, and floor is placed on the shoulder.When floor is laid, must leave the gap between floor and the floor, partitions leaves the reinforcing bar preformed hole on the position in floor gap, and floor must exempt to produce lateral force along putting.Lay at floor and to finish, with screw-thread steel by pass in the preformed hole, stretching, fixing.In the gap, irritate the casting concrete then.And it is together that ground is floating.The board falling phenomenon even if earthquake takes place, can not take place in vertically being securely connected together of floor yet like this.

Five, the installation of roof panel

Roof panel (room lid) adopts the form of structure of hollow light body Liang Qiang, and just the structure of grid is pressed the loading characteristic design of roof panel, accompanies insulation benzene plate in the middle of the roof panel, and sealant is done in the indoor in the slit of indoor system sealant, plate and plate.

The gable of installation roof panel and the structure protruding 5 of partitions are highly with the thickness of roof panel, and gable and partitions upside are made oblique, with the face roof panel downstream.

Six, wall connects, smears skirting up and down

Because requirement in the design, every layer fixed load are all born by every layer Liang Qiang, this bearing will be passed to pillar, born by pillar, do not bear fixed load between wall and the wall mutually, so wall was finished with connecting at last of wall, because connecting port is at the skirting place, so skirting is smeared at last.

Seven, indoor sealant mending-leakage

In order to prevent that indoor in the winter time hot air from oozing out back frosting in body of wall, so can not there be least bit problem in indoor sealant, so when engineering soon finishes, do last inspection and mending-leakage.Exterior wall comprises front-back wall, big gable, roof panel, reaches all and directly contacts extraneous part, all will check mending-leakage.

Claims (6)

1. the structure design of a hollow light body beam sturcture and construction technology, it is characterized in that, two combine into one for beam and wall, wall also is a beam simultaneously, hollow light body Liang Qiang will have the repertoire of frame construction central sill, the partition, insulation, the shearing resistance (the shearing resistance function with shear wall) that have wall simultaneously reach the function that whole building is combined as a whole.

2. the structure design of hollow light body beam sturcture according to claim 1 and construction technology, it is characterized in that the form of hollow light body beam sturcture is steel keel two a lateral irrigations casting concrete, wall is a hollow wall, with regard to a room, every face wall all is a whole wall.

3. the structure design of hollow light body beam sturcture according to claim 1 and construction technology, it is characterized in that, Liang Qiang both sides concrete is irritated casting, make template by the body of wall size and shape with steel plate, on template, spread adherent layer, tiling one layer concrete on adherent layer again, concrete thickness is decided according to design, again the keel that make are lain on the concrete of completing, evenly add certain pressure on the keel, make shutter vibration, make steel mesh down to designated depth, because vibration, concrete and keel one side be by jolt ramming, after vibration reaches technical requirements, and health, reach predetermined strength, body of wall is removed from template, make another side, another side is irritated and is cast the back health that finishes, reach predetermined strength, place standby.

4. the structure design of hollow light body beam sturcture according to claim 1 and construction technology, it is characterized in that, the adding of insulation layer, needs are added in the intermediate gaps of body of wall of insulation layer and evenly spread one deck expanded polystyrene particle and blowing agent with special tool, quantity is decided by technical requirements, the body of wall of a collection of granules of polystyrene of putting well and blowing agent is placed on uses steam heated in the steam box, temperature, time decide by technical requirements, reach uniform temperature and time, granule foaming finishes, and in the gap in the middle of the beam wall a complete benzene plate is just arranged like this.

5. the structure design of hollow light body beam sturcture according to claim 1 and construction technology, it is characterized in that, the mounting process of hollow light body Liang Qiang is, be welded on the reinforcing bar of concrete column by the connection muscle that is welded on the hollow light body Liang Qiang, when the concrete of having irritated the casting post, hollow light body Liang Qiang and concrete column are linked together.

6. the structure design of hollow light body beam sturcture according to claim 1 and construction technology, it is characterized in that, roof panel is a sandwiched plate, is formed by steel keel two lateral irrigations casting concrete, is filled with foaming benzene plate as insulation layer with the foamed polystyrene method between the concrete of both sides.

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